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CIIIIONIOI.R AND SENTINKL. AUUVSTA. THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 4. FOR GOVERNOR, CIIAU L E S I) OUGIIE U T Y , OF CLAIIK COUMTT. ORDER OF CELEBRATION OF IT 11 OF JULY, 1539. The committee appointed to make arrangements for the celebration of the approaching Anniversary of American Independence, have appointed Maj. Samuel C. Wilson, Marshal of the day. At half past ten o’clock, A. M. a procession will be formed in front of the United Stales Hotel, anil proceed to the Presbyterian Church, under the command of the Marshal of the day, when, after divine serviee, the Declaration of American Independence will be read by VN illiam R. Mi Lavi a E»(|,, and an address suitable to the occasion will lie delivered by A, 11. Matthews, Esq. The order of Procession will be ns follows; 1. The Clinch Rifle Company. 3. Major General and Staff. 3. Brigadier General and Staff. 4. Col. of the 10th Regiment and Staff, and the Officers of the 10th Regiment. 5. Officers of the Army and Navy. 6. Orator and Reader. 7. The Reverend the Clergy. H. Magistrates of the City and County. 9. The Masonic Institutions of this city. 10. The Different Fire Companies of the city. 11. The Mechanics of the City. 12. The different Societies of the City. 13. The Medical Faculty and Students. 10. Citizens. The Pews on the right and left of the centre aisle, will be reserved for the procession. The authorilios of the City and County, the Reverend the Clergy, the Masonic Institutions of this city, the members of the Fire Department, the Mechanics of the city, the Societies of the city, the Medical Faculty and Students, ami the citizens generally are respectfully invited to join the procession in the above order. At day light a national salute will he fired op posite the City Hall. Committee—G. F. Parish, W. Rankin, and S. M. Thompson, on the part of the City Council; F. C. Curtis, H. O. Cook and P. H. Strong, on he part of the Clinch Riflemen. To-day being the 4th, no paper will ho pub lished at this office to-morrow. Time in its progress has performed another annual revolution, and the birth day ul Ameri can freedom ami independence has once more been ushered in, with all those demonstrations of rejoicing, l>y which a free people can hallow and keep alive its sacred recollections. 'J his is emphatically the anniversary of unations birth— a day we have by common consent consecrated to liberty—a day sacred to associations connect ed with past deeds of valor and patriotism—a day fraughtjwilh events, the tendency ot which ) lies secured for us among the nations of tho earth—if not their fear—at least respect, and a day, the remembrance of which, il kept in view by the rulers and councillors of our country must secure from generations yet unborn, that respect and veneration due to those who act well their part in achieving and perpetuating a na tions freedom—a peoples glory. Upon us, on this day dawned the first gleam ol hopeful li berty—and when it shall have ceased to be cherished and remembered—it will be written of all that our sires struggled to secure, our lathers cherished and respected, or our children honored and revered, that it teas but is not. Such we humbly trust, is not tho destiny that awaits our country. Ours is, or should be the government, not of a party, but of a people, united by the same politi cal bond, bound by the same interests, and leagu ed for the same object and the same end ; and if on this day of all others, we should meet, meet us one—meet like the combatants of France and Prussia, on a certain battle field; like them drink from the same fountain, and like them again re turn to the same conflict—it will be with feelings soothed and softened by tho contact. Forgetting for the day at least, the political divisions which exist among us—the feelings which divide us ; we may, without compromitting our principle or designs; mingle our orisons at the same shrine, breathe incense from the same altar, and oiler to the same “God of bait las” the homage duo to Him, and the veneration to those, who in his hands, have been the instruments of our glory and elevarion —our honor and renown. In addition to the Uaibocue given at the Hamp ton Course, by Mr. Eheatisn; we are also reques ted to state that there will be one given at Belj Air, by Mr. Pilcher. An extra train of cars will leave for Bell Air, at one o'clock. The attention of the reader is referred to an interesting report of Mr. Mercer, upon the prac ticability of a Ship-canal across the Isthmus of Panama, connecting the waters of tho Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. The Internal Improvement Bill, which finally passed the Legislature of Pennsylvania on the last day of the recent session, contains appropria tions to the amount of $2,050,000. Eihtikiv akk. —Three severe shocks of earth quake, were experienced at Aguadilla, Porto Rico, on the 10th inst., but no damage was done to - properly. A stupendous project of internal improvement is broached in the St. Louis papers : being no less than the connexion of Boston with S'. Louis by a line of Railroads. A meeting to consider the subject was to have been held at St. Louis, on the 20th instant. When this is completed we shall expect to breakfast in Boston, dine in Augusta, and sup in St. Louis. Whew ! How we shall go it. (£jr* M c have been requested to say that the Meehanh - Anaeclulion, will inert at the M »•;«>■• te 11*1.1,, Thin Eoenini', ul half past 9 o’elcok, preparatory to joining in the prove; sion. It is stated that the millers of Rochester, N, V will lose half a million of dollars hy the favourable slate of the wheat crops. South sit n Mail —Disamlinuance rs Ihc Ex press .Mull. —The (I lobe of the 28th nil. says:— ‘•We arc requested to state, for the information ol those concerned, that an arrangement, hy which the great mail is to he transported between New Vork and New-Orleans in nine days, will take effect on the first of next month. In consequence of this improvement, the express mail between Augusta, (In., and Mobile, Ala., as well us the branch now in operation between Montgomery, Ala., and Nashville Tenu., will cease to run on that day.” Mechanics’ .Heeling. An adjourned meeting of the Mechanic's of this eily, was held at the United States Hotel, on the evening of the 2nd insl. O. F. Parish Esq. in the Chair, and Mr. Win. 11. Pritchard,Secretary. “ The report of the Committee of eleven was then called for, and read. “The Committee to whom was referred the consideration of the propriety of the Mechanics generally, joining in the procession on the 4th of July, beg leave to report the following resolutions. Resolved, That it is respectfully requested of the Mechanics generally, of this city and neigh" borhood, that they join in the procession on the approaching anniversary of American Independ ence. Resolved, That badges be provided, with an appropriate devise, and the Mechanics’ associa tion be furnished with them on the morning of Ihc 4 th of July. Resolved, That when this meeting adjourn, it will meet again on Thursday morning next, ul hull past nine o’clock, at the Masonic Hall. The report of the above committee was unani" mously adopted. On motion,(J. F. Parish, Esq., was appointed marshall oflhc day. The business of the adjourned meeting having been concluded, Mr. William H. Pritchard offer ed the following resolutions, which were adopted. Resolved, That it is the opinion of this meet, pig, the formation of a Mechanics’ Society, in the city of Augusla, would bo productive of much good to the mechanics generally, and redound to the high character which they should at all times maintain. Result'd/, That a Committee of nine he ap pointed hy the Chair to report upon Ihc expedien cy of a society, to a meetingof the merhsnies, nf some subsequent time, when the purpose of the committee shall have been accomplished. The Chair then appointed tire following Oom mitttee, Wn. 11. PniTcimin, Koii’t Phillips, li. J. Chew, K. T. Gutcueub, Sam’l M. Thompson, Wm. O. Eve, John J. Mxnimtr., Join Finn, Philip Chump. On motion, G. F. Parish, and D. M. Clark, were added to the above Committee. It was ordered, that the Augusta Sentinel, be requested to publish the proceedings of this meet ing. O. F. PARISH, Chairman. W. H. Pkitchahi), Scc’ry. From the New Orleans Louisianian of the 2S//i ult. Mexico. By tiro schooner Byron, which sailed from Matumorus the 20th instant, wo have received intelligence up to that date, from the Mexican republic. The Byron brings no papers; hut wc have perused several commercial letters addressed to merchants oflhis city. The town ofMatamoras was tranquil when the Byron sailed. The news of the capture of Tam pico had been received there. It was reported the forces under Bustumcnte and Arista, would repair to Matumorus in order to tranquilize the province. There was a rumour at MaUmoras that an en gagement had taken place at Monterey between Generals Canalize and Lemus, in which the for mer was defeated.—This rumour was not belie ved—hut it was supposed that General Lemus had obtained possession of the town of Saltillo. The U. S. sloop of war Vandaliu arrived oil the bar of Rio del Norte, and cast anchor on the lillli hist. Little business was doing at Matamoras; there was a great want of money, all the roads were in terrupted, and traders were prevented from arri ving from the interior. We are indebted) for the following letter to the keeper of the Merchant’s Exchange. M s pam on *s, June 8, 1839. Business is dull, and the federalists have put a veto upon all goods that leave this place for the interior by compelling them to pay heavy duty. Money is in demand at 3 per cent per month. Another fight at Sutillo. The federalists at tacked that place with about 500 men, command ed by General Lemus, and after an engagement ot five hours succeeded in taking the town. The commander of the government troops was shot dead. The report goes that there was an Ame rican with General Lomus, who had the credit ol sending a Texas visiting card, which took him under the eye. It is also reported that General Canalizo hat been defeated in an attempt to take Monterey If the report should prove true. Matamoras wil fall, and Bustamente will have to leave Tampico It is his calculation to march into Texas nex September, with 5000 men, and 2000 Indian: are to join them. We have an old follow here who has returned from paying the president i visit (from Nacogdoches,) and is now goitq back to keep note of the times. General b*anu Ana will do every thing to put Bustamente ou of tlie way ; consequently will push him oil't, Texas, ns he knows there is but one chance it a hundred of his ever returning. Intkhnal Improvements in the West.— There are constructing, in the five western statei of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois and Michi gan Os Canals, about 1253 miles “ Slaekwnler navigation... 7SO ~ “ Railroads 1 54 1) « “ McAdam Roads 1400 « Total, 4940 » Making, in the general aggregate of work tt e which the states are purlieu, about five thousand ; . miles of artificial communications. Os laliorers directly employed on these works, ’’ there is supposed to he, at the lowest estimate nolle** than twenty thousand, during the gteat est portion of the year. II to these we add the . numerous body of public officers, engineers, con- I tractor, agents store-keepers, and the ordinary proportion of families, we shall find a population of not less than one hundred and fifty thousand, who are dependent ufcjn the public works of the r- western stales. The expenditures now actually _ amount to between four and five millions of dol lars, and the sum total of money solemnly pledg ’ ed by legislative enactments to the completion of h these works, with what has already been expeml v ed on them, is at least the enormous sum of forly eight millions of dollars. To this sum we may add, at least five millions pledged on the parts of 0 individuals, and large sums for the completion of t the National Hoad. Oflhis aggregate about ten B millions have already been expended, and it is within hounds to say that an amount fully equal ’ to the sum total will he expended on these and 1 other similar undertakings within the next eight years. C'nnnl across the Isthmus. j. House of Rephksentatives, March 2, 1839. Mr. Mercer, from the Committee on Roads 1 and Canals, submitted the following report : > The Committee on Roads and Canals, to whom was referred the memorial of Aaron Clark, Mayor of the city of New York, Herman Lc Roy, Wil liam Radcliff, and other merchants and inhabi tants of that city, and of Mathew Carey, of the s city of Philadelphia, and other citizens thereof, g praying the aid of the Government of the United j. Stales in procuring the construction of a ship channel, or navigable canal, across the Isthmus • between North and South America, have had that I subject under consideration, and report : That the object of the memorialists has, from a remote period, attracted the attention of the civil ' ized world. It is impossible to survey the relative position ol the old and new continents, and the impedi ments thence resulting to the intercourse of the various countries upon the shores of the Pacific " and its numerous islands, with the commercial f nations of Europe and the Slates bordering on the Atlantic, without being struck by the number ( and magnitude of the interests, commercial, so cial, and political, involved in the construction t and untrammelled use of u ship-channel across the narrow isthmus, stretching over seven dc . gn es of latitude, from the Idolize, or Gulf of Hon duras, to the mouth olThe river Chagres and the hay of Panama. 1 The United States of America, especially, whose territory extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific, cannot hut regard with solicitude any en terprise which, if practicable, will so greatly ap proximate their eastern and western frontiers, by substituting a voyage through the isthmus of Pa nama for the necessity of doubling the southern cape of cither continent. If science, Christianity, and civilization be allowed to mingle their voices in behalf of nn enterprise so beneficicnt; it is not possible to contemplate on the surface of our globe one which has greater claims to the favorable re gard of the world. • Accordingly, it xvill be seen that, in addition to the suggestions ofnumcrous voyagistsand travel lers, explorations and experimental surveys have been made across the isthmus of Panama, with a view to ascertain the practicability of effecting such a communication. And amidst the bloody commotions of a political revolution, unrivalled for the extent of the dominion which it suddenly subverted, and of the countries whose indepen dence it established, legislation has not been wan ting in its efforts to deduce from those experi ments some practicable benefit to mankind. The great extent of the territory comprehended at present under the general denomination of the isthmus of Panama has presented to the imagina tion so many routes across it for canals, and,,of late, for railroads, as to have hitherto prevented 1 that concentrated action essential to the accom plishment of any one. The States of Spanish America whose jurisdic tion embraces that portion of the continent ex hausted by their effort to overthrow their former 1 government, and still more by their intestine commotions, could not be expected to undertake, . without the assistance of foreign capital, a work of such vast magnitude. They have, neverthe less, demonstrated their sense of its importance to their own prosperity; ns well as to that of the commercial world; and, what redounds still more to their honor, they have expressed their readi ness to receive the aid of other nations towards this enterprise, upon conditions which manifest ■ a disposition to waive, for the welfare of mankind, every narrow and unsocial suggestion of local in , terest. I It is obvious that, if the'contemplalcd conimtt ii mention from sea to sea by a ship-canal be practi -0 cable, the nation which has the right to appropri j ate its exclusive use to itself might lawfully con trol the richest commerce of the world, or pre c scribe to all other States the terms upon which - they may be admitted to share its enjoyment. e The policy is not less apparent which should r prompt the United States to co-operate in thisen . terprise, liberally and efficiently, before other dis . positions maybe awakened in the particular State n within whose territory it may lie seated; or other .. nations shall seek, by negotiation, to engross a .. commerce which is now, and should ever contin s ue, open to all. The public mind has so far settled the relative ff cost and advantages of the rival communications u by railroads and canals, regarded as mere chan nels of trade, that there will exist no hesitation, it ■c is presumed, in preferring a water to a land tran . sit across the isthmus, i_ If other considerations did not prompt this de cision, it should suffice for its confirmation, to e contrast the continuous voyage of the same vessel across the two oceans, divided by the isthmus, with the transhipment of a heavy cargo between ,1 vessels of equal burden, and the intervening e\- e pease of land transportation, double port duties and commissions, added to the damage of shifting and exposing very valuable commodities to waste (. and depredation. |. Most of the objections to the double voyage it apply with nearly equal force to any canal com et munication of a capacity unsuited to that of the , t vessels now engaged in the India and China trade. The reduction of the present circuitous route >f around the Southern extremity of either conti n nent, by a distance of from nine to twelve thou sand miles, would admit, it is true, without ang iS mettled cost, of the use in this trade of ships of diminished burden. Rut it would be eminently II beneficial to a commerce in which the returns of a. profit must continue to be remote, that the vc«- nt ai 'la engaged in it would retain their present tnn is nage ; and lor such vessels a canal would be rc e, quired exceeding in dimensions any now known a to exist. ig The Caledonia Canal of Scotland, one of the Ut °nly ° canals in Great Britain constructed by it her Government, and that of Holland, connecting to Amsterdam with the German Ocean, at the Hel n der, are capacious enough to admit the passage of vessels drawing less than twenty feet water. The former was effected by excavations 23 miles in extent, and a lockage of 190 feet, connecting _ a succession of fresh-water lakes, the beds and >s outlets of which were deepened to correspond with j. the intervening canals; the latter, of 50$ miles in extent, with a single guard-lock at each en s. trance, draws its supply of water from the ocean. For Cana’s of such large dimensions, (and these are not deep enough for a heavily-freighted India man with a war complement of guns and men,) an adequate supply of water, at a very high level above the sea, will rarely be found anywhere. ;o The narrow breadth of the isthmus,'and conse queutly, of the surface of laud drained by lU nv- | cr.-j, added to the long-continued prevalence of dry weather at certain season*, in nil tropical cli mates, discourages the hope that sucli a supply i can he obtained near the summits of it* mountain ous and rugged surface. The expediency has in- • deed been suggested, but on very incompetent j data, to extend an open cut from sea to sea, of j dimensions suited to the largest ships; and at- s tempts have been made to trace on the maps a , route for this gigantic enterprise. As yet, none ! such has been discovered in the isthmus, and it [ is confidently believed that none will ever be found, j An objection has been intimated to its use, it i practicable, on account of the supposed difference j in the natural elevation of the seas to be united I by it. Captain Cook believed the surface of the j Atlantic to be near twenty feet higher than that of the Pacific; and the tides of this ocean arc known greatly to exceed those of the Atlantic on the opposite shores of the American isthmus; hence has arisen the apprehension that the influx of water from the higher to the lower surface, through an open cut, would change the relative elevation of those oceans so as to flood the shores of one, and lay dry those of the other. Illhcre be a real difference in the levels of those seas, as there has been ascertained to be in their periodical tides such apprehension must be allay ed on considering the vast extent of the effect to he produced, and the incompetency of the cause assigned for it—the wide extent of cither ocean, and the great length and comparatively narrow dimensions of any open cut designed to connect them for the purposes of navigation. But it is hazarding nothing in the present state of our knowledge of the isthmus, to affirm that such an open cut, through any one of its narrow est and lowest passes, would constitute a labor surpassing very far in magnitude not only any single one of the greatest wcgks of ancient or modern times, but all of them collectively. If abandoned in despair of its accomplishment, then an adequate supply of water must be sought at a higher elevation than the natural surface of either of the oceans to be united. Accordingly, the appendix discloses a scries of levels, repeated at intervals not exceeding a hun dred yards apart, between the southern shore of Lake Nicaragua and the Pacific, comprising a dis tance of very little more than seventeen English miles. From the tables which supply the details of those levels, the author to whose work they are annexed infers Ihe elevation of the surface of Lake Nicaragua above the Pacific Ocean to be 133 feet 11 J inches ; and the greatest height of any part of the intervening land, above the lake, to be hut 19 feet 1 inch. In this assumption he mistakes the true import of the tables, and substitutes the comparative elevation of two contiguous stations, on the long series oflevels. for the highest rise above the lake The subjoined delineation of the cross section of the country traversed in the survey to which the tables refer, prepared in conformity with their details by the Topographical bureau of the War Department, at the request of the committee, pre sents the outline of the surface along this selected route for a canal. For 9 miles and 700 yards (English) from the Pacific, the earth is not found to rise above the level of the lake ; the ascent is gradual through out that distance, and as favorable for a canal as could bo desired. The succeeding mile rises above the lake, at one place, 40 feet, (Spanish) but the average height does not, in this distance, exceed 25 feet. The difficulties attending the construction of a continuous canal on this route are confined to the seven or eight miles next to the lake, for about six miles of which the earth rises to an elevation above its surface exceeding GO feet; — for two miles of the six, it averages 135 feet; and for a third of a mile, 150 feet j but it never ex ceeds that height. If the level of the lake he assumed for the summit of a canal, there must be added to the elevation above, mentioned, an excavation of the depth of the channel for navigation, which should not be less than the draught of a large frigate, or near twenty-six feet. Various representations are furnished, by dif ferent authors and travellers, of the navigation of lake Nicaragua, and of its outlet to the At lantic, the river San Juan. That to be found in the appendix to this report is extracted from a work which carries an official stamp upon its face, and was, by permission, dedicated to the monarch in whose service the author was em ployed, shortly after the revolution which libe rated the province of Guatemala from the do minion of Spain. Much remains to be discovered, provided the surface of the country between lake Nicaragua, or the more northern lake of Leon, as has been suggested, and the shore of the Pacific, admits of the extension of a ship-channel between them. Before such an enterprise should be commenced, it should be previously ascertained that an ade quate supply of water can be furnished by the lake at all seasons, or at least for the far greater part of the year; that suitable harbors can be provided at each extremity of the line of navi gation ; and that it affords the best route for a ship channel across the American isthmus. Looking much further to the south, Navy bay, on the Atlantic, in the vicinity, and hut a few miles to the east of the mouth of the river Chagrcs; the bays of Panama and Chorrera, on the Pacific; that river itself, and its chief tribu tary, the Trinidad, descending from the north, have been proposed as the entrances and the route of a ship channel between the oceans. The mouth of the Chagres Is reputed too un healthy for tha eastern deboucheof a line of con tinuous navigation of such importance ; but Navy bay affords a deep, secure, and salubrious harbor, at all seasons ; and is approached so near by the river, in its descent to the Atlantic, as to present every requisite facility for its connexion with the Chagrcs by a ship-canal not exceeding two miles in length. The river Chagres is obstructed in its ascent by rapids, and decreases in its volume, till, at Cruces, it ceases to be navigable. From thence, a portage of about fifteen miles leads over an intervening ridge, to the ancient town of Pana ma. which gives its name to the entire isthmus. Not far above its mouth, this river receives the Trinidad, of which less is known—too little to determine whether it be practicable to render its valley and its sources subservient to the interest ing purpose of this inquiry. But the bay of Chorrera, on the Pacific, reputed to afford a bet ter harbor than that of Panama, is represented as approaching very near the head-waters of this branch of the Chagres ; if, indeed, the Trinidad be not entitled to be regarded as the principal stream, and the Chagres as its tributary. The present road from Cruces, over land, to Panama, is mountainous for a distance of six miles; and, as the cordillera of the Andes declines in height as it runs northwardly through the isth mus, until it subsides into the comparatively level country near the lakes Nicaragua and Leon, the country is, in all probability, more elevated here than at the sources of the Trinidad. The fact that the valley of the Chagres has been contemplateikas the route of a railroad, de signed to supersede a water communication be tween the Atlantic and Pacific, and that a char ter was obtained from the former Government of Central America for the construction of such a road, by an agent of the United States, deputed by the President, in pursuance of a resolution of the Senate, to explore the route of a ship-channel through the isthmus, diminishes the hope that a continuous water communication could be opened on this route. The Trinidad, however, remains to be explored ; and, rising where the isthmus expands in breadth, the route for a ship-channel between Chorrera and Navy bay cannot be pro ' . * i nouuced impracticable without further esaimna lion. While a tropical climate, dividing jhe year into j but two seasons, denominated wot and dry, expo ' scs any line of artificial navigation which may be I conducted across the American isthmus to inler | ruptions from drought, it is proper to notice that, ! during its periodical rains, more than twice the ' quantity of water descends upon the earth than annually falls upon a 'ike extant of surface in any ■ part of Europe or of the United States. A cele brated traveller, Baron Humboldt, represents the j quantity of rain annually falling in America, as far north as Ua Vera Cruz, to vary from 89 to 9G inches; while the highest estimated average for the temperate climates of Europe or Ame rica does not much exceed 20 inches, and that of the year often falls short of that quantity. The practicability of tilling, and retaining full 1 for a great part of the year, reservoirs of the lar gest dimeasions, anywhere within the isthmus, may be regarded as demonstrable; but as yet, suflicient data are not supplied for the measure ment of the loss of water to be sustained in the dry season of a tropical climate from evapora tion alone; and, although a redundancy of water would be supplied in the wet season, the capa city of the resevoir limits the measure of all that could be preserved for the purposes of naviga tion. The House need not be informed that artificial reservoirs of greater or less dimensions, collecting the surplus water in wet seasons, to be used in those of protracted drought, have been often suc cessfully applied to the necessities of navigation ; and experience has not only established their utility, but prescribed the extent of the reliance to be had upon them for adequate supplies of wa ter in particular climates, and for canals of given dimensions and use. The great canal of Lang uedoc, regarded by the co-temporaries of Louis XIV as one of the greatest achicacments of his brilliant reign, several canals of Great Britain, and those of recent construction in the States of 1 Ohio and Pennsylvania, afford illustrations of the successful application of such reservoirs to the supply of water for artificial navigation. England and the United States, as well as France, furnish examples of the supply of canals with water by more costly agents, as well as of its elevation to great heights above its natural level for other purposes. The water-works of Marie, designed to embel lish with canals and fountains the grounds in front of the royal palace of Versailles, employ the current of the Seine to elevate its water to the level of the aqueduct, which conveys it over a distance of several miles. Those of Philadelphia—the pride of that beau tiful city—elevate the water of the Schuylkill, by more simple and efficient machinery,to a con siderable height, for a more useful purpose—to supply two hundred thousand people with the means of health and comfort. The Union canal of Pennsylvania, which connects the navigation of that river with the canal of the Susquehanna, relied, for some years, and may still depend in some measure, on a supply of its summit-level upon a like resource, commanded at an enhanced cost. A mechanical agent has, of late years, been developed in the application of steam as a pro pelling power, to the improvement of which ex perience teaches that no limitation can be pre scribed; and it should not be deemed extravagant if the anticipation be indulged of its future adap tation, whero fuel is both inexhaustible and cheap, to the elevation of an adequate quantity of water for the supply of the summit-levels of the largest canals. The committee forbear further to enlarge on the various routes by which it has been, at any time, proposed to connect the waters of the At lantic and Pacific oceans, through the narrow isthmus which divides them. Os these, the cel ebrated traveller whose name has been already mentioned enumerates as many as seven. An allusion to some of them, not hitherto no ticed in this report, will be seen in the appen dix. The committee have dwelt more particularly on the two routes of which they have treated in detail, because the late agent of the United States deputed to examine them was especially instruct ed to inquire into their feasibility; and they have, separately, occasioned the only acts of legislation passed by the. Government immediately interested in their improvement. One of them, moreover, obtained the favorable regard of a monarch whose subjects have ever been sedulously watchful of every source of com mercial aggrandizement, and who manifested his zeal to promote their views by adventuring a large capital, ns an individual subscriber, to the private slock of an incorporated company. The hostilities which suddenly brokeout a few ' years ago between the Netherlands and Belgium, arrested the organization of this company, and their chartcrhas since expired. In conclusion, the committee are very far from deciding that an enterprise of such incalculable importance as a continuous navigation, by ves sels of heavy tonnage, between the Atlantic and Pacific, in the nearest direction from the ports of the United Slates to the Indian ocean, should be abandoned as impracticable, because a channel for such navigation has not yet been definitively traced across the isthmus between North and South America, nor the cost of its construction accurately determined. Sensible not only of the benefit which would , accrue to mankind, and to the United States es > pccially, but also of the glory to be acquired by promoting the accomplishment of a work so tru ly beneficient, the committee recommend to the . House of Representatives the adoption of a rcso , lufion, which is very nearly a transsript from one i passed several years ago by the other branch of - the National Legislature, and, having received at i that time a liberal construction from the Ex i eeulive, led to the acquisition of some of the facts comprised in this rcpoit. The committee owe it to themselves to say 1 that, in the absence of information to enable t them to form a conclusive opinion on the subject , referred to them by the House, they have ap i proached it with a distrust of their own judgment, . but with a confident belief that, whatever may be the issue of the inquiry which they propose to re new, it can be successfully prosecuted only in , the country upon the topography of which its so lution depends. Resolved, That the President of the United f States be requested to consider the expediency of . opening or continuing negotiations with the Go i vernment of other nations, and particularly with s those the territorial jurisdiction of which compre- I hendsthe isthmus of Panama, and to which the U. 1 States have accredited ministers or agents, for the purpose of ascertaining the practicability of effeet > ing a communication between the Atlantic and ; Pacific oceans, by the construction of a ship-ca i nal across the isthmus ; and of securing forever, . by suitable treaty stipulations, the free and equal I right of navigating such canal to all nations, on i the payment of reasonable tolls. i [This report, made at the close of the late ses sion of Congress, was ordered to be printed for i the information of members, but could not be ta ken up at that session for want of time.] A illagg Church. — Ihe following from a late Knickerbocker, is Washington Irving’s description of a village church. The picture is true to'the life; “As the dominie generally preach ed by the hour, a bucket of water was provi dently placed on a bench near the door, in sum mer, with a tin cup beside it, for the solace of those who might be athirst, either from the heat of the weather, or the drouth of the sermon. • » Around the pulpit, and behind the communion table, sat the elders of the church, reverend, grey headed, leal' ern visaged men, whom I regarded ► Vv with awe, as so many apostles. They -were stern in their sanctity, kept a vigilant eye upon my giggling companions and myself, and shook a rebuking finger at any boyish device to relieve the tediousness of compulsory devotion. Vain, however, were all their efforts at vigilance.— Scarcely had the preacher held forth for half an hour, in one of his interminable sermons, than it seemed as if the drowsy influence of Sleepy Hollow breathed into the place ; one by one the congregation sank into slumber; the sanctified elders leaned back in their pews, spreading their handkerchiefs over their faces, as if to keep otf i the flies ; while the locusts in the neighboring I trees would spin out their sultry summer notes, vicing with the sleep-provoking tones of the dominie.” Gen. Washington's Teeth. — A few day* since, a small engraved profile was shown us, under which were these words “J. Greenwood, Dentist to his Excellency, General Washington*’ This led to further inquiries, when we were in formed, that General Washington, in the latter part of his life, wore a complete set .of artificial teeth, on both jaws, which were manufactured by this Mr. Greenwood, who then resided in the city of New York. Washington usually had two sets on hand, in case those in use were broken. A letter is extant, in which he requests Mr. Green wood to forward a new set, that he might be pre pared to speak before the ensuing Congress.— The last tooth which was extracted from the ■General, being carefully preserved, came ultimate ly into the possession of Mr. Greenwood, also an eminent dentist of New York, who had it secured very choicely in a gold seal, many years ago, and which is still kept, and believed to be the only organic relic, not entombed, of that great and good man. ■ , MARRIED, \ / In Louisville, on the 20th ult., by the Rev. Ed ward White, Mr. William A. Hayles, to Miss / * Amelia Sikes, all of Louisville, Ga. |j y CTwsiguees per South Carolina Rail Road. Hamburg, July 3, 1839. Stovall. Simmons & Co.; E. Hall; Clam, McTeir & Co.; G. T. Dortic; Wm. E. Jones; M. Griffith; Reese & Beall; Haviland, Uisley & Co.; Sibley & Crapon ; defiers & Uoulware : J. F. Benson ; Geo. Parrott. COMMERCIAL. Latest dates from Liverpool, May 20 Latest dates from Havre May 15 AUGUSTA MARKET. Cotton —The receipts of this article are becom ing very light, end the sales quite small. Prices have settled down to 11 cents for ordinary, 11 $ a 12$ for middling and middling fair, and 13$ a 14 cents for prime and choice. Exchange.' —Checks on New York are 2 percent premium for city money, and 3 per cent for current Bank notes. On Charleston, 2 per cent is asked.— j Country Bank notes are sold at a discount of 1 a 1$ ' percent. Darien Bank hills arc 12$ al5 per cent discount. Freights continue at old rates. The River has risen at least two feet. MARINE INTELLIGENCE. , • —— j Savannah, July 2. Arrived yesterday. —British ship George Wilkin son, Brown, Liverpool; Revenue Cutter Crawford, Evans, Baltimore. Charleston, July 3. Cleared. —Ship Thomas Bennett, Hague, Liver ! pool. THE MECHANICS of Augusta, generally, This at half July 4 past nine o’clock, LIST OF LETTERS Remaining in the Post Office at Waynesboro Ga. on the Ist July, 1839. Bell Arthur Lowery Osborn iVI Bell Dempsey Lumpkin Edmund W Bell Mrs Amand F Lester E Barden A G Lawson A J Berrien Col Thos M McElmurry James 3 Ballard Reddick Morrison Miss Sarah Bcrly Daniel McColgan Daniel Baxton Hiram care of Henry Lewis Bigham John McKinney Dr John Beazelc Willis Murphree Alexander Burch Littleherry 2 Mclntire Owen Blount A W MaynorJessee Blount 11J 2 Mathews T Dehon Blount SW 3 McNotril Aenry Blount T H 6 Nelson Richards Corker Stephen Owen John Caruthers James Pemberton \ Carsewcil J W Perry Joshua M Cotes Joseph Parsons S A Churchill Calvin B 2 Parsons J A Cox Moses, guardian of Parsons Alexander his orphans Parsons Dr Thos A 2 Clark Mrs Martha 2 Rayals James 11 V Cook Mrs M Louisa Rutledge John Carpenter Baily Rawlcs Hosey Daniels Moses Sturges N L Dun Thomas Smith Mrs Demarias Evans Richard Smith Mrs Mary F yyer F Smith John T Gibson Shelby Slarnes capt E Goodley representatives Thomas Gen Joseph D 2 of Mrs Drucilla Triggs Rev John J Godbee James H Taylor Geo D, of Hill Mrs Sarah A Kev Joshua Key Hicks Miss Francis J Ward Mrs Nancy Haies Mrs Martha Ward James HillHughyG 2 Ward Charles A ij • i Watkins Elisha Heath Rigdon Whitfield Lewis Hatcher Ed Willford Willis T Hampton James Williams Dr Thos Hughes W W Williams W Johnson Wm Wimberly Edward Jones Vincent Wimberly Frederick Kent S A West William R Khunze George W Williams Hezekiah Lewis John Williams Aaron July 4 wSt ROBERT if. GRAY. P. M. ‘ s '^'HOOX— A t the request of a number of of friends Miss Duel will continue her School through the summer. Shelias taken, in addition to the room she now has, the one llately occupied by Mr. 1 latt, and is to have them fitted up in such a manner as will make them convenient and pleas uni looms fora School. F’orfuUhcr information she would refer to Mr. nfhnr c,.h n ’ am W .‘, th re S aid to the improvement Ik IIH ’ 5 th . ose P arc «‘s that have placed their children under her charge. F Tnt!? 1 * neXt (iuartcr wiil commence on the Bth of - y - «t July 1 grower and rAHMER S MANUAL —A monthly publication designed to extend and encourage the growth of Silk throughout the Dnited States. Edited by Ward* Cheney and Brothers, Burlington, N. J.,and pub* hshed in Philadelphia, at the low price of One Dollar a year. Subscriptions received at this office. ap 0 M BENEVOLENT SOCIETY^for thiJenefA qf the Sick Poor of Augusta and its vicinity as foUows n?C ° mmitteeS fortheensuin gmonth aie ‘ Division No. I.—Mr. A. McLane, Mr. C. Pike Mrs. Smith, Miss Marshall. ’ Division No. 2—Dr. B. Harris, Mr Wm Tutt Mrs. Trembly, Mrs. Cole. m ’ 1 Utt ’ Division No. 3.—Mr. J. Cashin Mr M Witcv Mrs. Berryhill, Mrs. MeKinnie ’ ° X ’ Any member of the committees may obtain funds by calling on the President, (W. W. Holt Eso 1 a his office, Camming’* Piaza. ’ June 24 G. F. SPURGES, Secretary.