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Cm U)\'|(’l.K \NI» SKNTiNKI., \ i u v s t v. THI USDAY MOKNIMi, .U I.V So. FOR GOV ERNOR, Cli AUL E S I) OITG II EKT V , or n.HIK COVNTT. '~j' Messrs. Jonis ami if haw, Athena, anil Messsr*. Jonhs, Bacon A Co., Madison, will in fulurc act as tho adonis of lliis paper, to whom all accounts in their respective neighborhoods have lie»n forwarded. The accounts of Madison, Franklin, Habersham, Rabun, Hall, Gwinnett, Jackson, Walton, can either be paid to the or at this office, a is most convenient to our patrons. In this days’ paper will be found the letter of Judge McDonald, copied from the .Savannah Georgian, and to which we alluded in yesterday morning’s paper. It is u little singular, that in reading the letter in that paper, we should have overlooked the resolutions to which it refers, and for the publication of which we called on the Georgian in yesterday's paper. It was an over sight, produced by one of the many culls upon un Editors' attention, to which our colemyorary ol' the Georgian must know that all Editors are io subject. So much of those resolutions as relate to the United States Hank, will he found in our paper to-day. These resolutions then, we are to lake aa the exponent* ol Judge McDonald's opitt imm upon that question in 1834. And what do they prove I They prove, taken in connection with the vote against the resolutions passed that year by the Semite, that however he might he op p ised to the renewal of thcelnirler of the then ex iting Bank of the United Stales, that he never theless admit* the constitutional power of Congress t) charter such un institution. He voted against the resolutions declaring it unconstitutional, and in the resolutions introduced by himself, and in his letter of Dee. I lilt, 1H37, he says not one word upon that point. The inference, is irresis tible that he does not believe a National Hank unconstitutional, lint the last one of the resolu tions copied into our paper to-day settles that question. He there proposes to instruct onr Sen ators and Representatives in Congress, to propose un amendment to the Constitution, prohibiting Congress from granting a Bunk charter fur a lunger term than 20 years, and to prohibit the renewal of any charter fir the same set of stock holders ! The direct and unconditional infer ence is, that the Judge, at that time, not only held that Congress had the constitutional power to charter a Bank, but that it was expedient to do so, provided no charter should he granted for in ire than 20 years, or should ever bo renewed or extended! The preamble strongly fortifies this position. It declares that the Bunk hud answered an excellent pqrposo in regulating the exchanges, mid he only objects to it upon the ground that it had used its powers improperly in attempting to procure a re-elmrter. This was h « objection to the then existing Bunk—it was an objection which ho proposed to remove from tile incorporation of fulurc Banks, by granting them charters for only 20 years, and prohibiting their renewal. The Judge thought that the old Bank had abused its power—he therefore opposed a renewal of its charter; but so far from opposing •the charter of any other Bank, he actually points out the restrictions which should be thrown around them when chartered. The conclusion is irresistible, that in 1H34 he was a National Hulk man ! His friends shall not get him off upon the plea of oppositionjto the re-charter of the U. IS. Bank then inexistence, A man might oppose the re-ehurter, for objections applicable to that Bank, and yet be in favor ofa National Bank upon a different plan. We have not done with this subject. We shall take it up again in a few days and review the Judge's votes, letters mid resolutions, in ex lenso. \\ e can demonstate his position to ho adverse to the position of his party mid they shall have the benefit of that demonstration. The New Orleans Louisianian recently denied that Mr. \ un Huron had ever voted against the admission of Missouri into thu Union. The de nial was made upon learning the fact that Mr. V. B. was not u member of Congress ul tha time. The Richmond Whig exposes the fallacy in an able editorial, from which we make (he following extract. Mr. Van Boren was not m Congress during the Missouri conlrovc sy ; but he was a member of the New Volk Senate. There he exerted whatever inthience he poss ssed in aid of the Ab olitionist.-. He was an a. toe supporter of rcso- I iliuns instructing the A to York Senators, in Cong’‘rs. to oppose the admission of Missouri esc ytt as a free State. This is the charge which the W lugs have prelerred against Mr. Van Buren, and tin- they have proved and are still prepared to prove, because the record establishing it is stilt extant. Ho contributed according to his degree, to the warfare ilirn waged against the domestic institutions of the S>oulli. Had he been in Congre it is fair to presume, ho wodld have acted as he instructed others to act, and as he himself acted in New \ ork. W o subjoin a copv of the resolution for which Mr. Van Huron voted : ■' Whereas, the inhibiting the further extension of slavery in these 1 nilcd Stales, is a subject of deep concern to the people of this State, and whereas, w. consider slavery as an evil mucu to be deplored, and that every constitutional barrier should he interposed to prevent its further exten sion ; andth.it the Constitution of the United States cloudy giving t ongress the right to requi » any new Slates not comprised w ithin the original boundaries of the U. Stales, the prohibition of slavery, ns u condili >n of their admission into the Union: Tlurefoie, R: o r d, (if the honorable Senate concur In re n) i'hat our Senators he instructed, and our Representatives in Congress be requested, to op pose the h 1 illusion, as* .Slate, Into the Union, of any ierrilory not comprised as alortsaid, with out making the prohibition of slavery therein an indisp, usable condition of admission. On the 211,h of January. 1820. the S male 100 - u'p the resinut on and passed the same unani nw isly —the follow ing Senators being present: \ lams, Austin. Barnum, Bar-ton. VAN BUREN. Ac., A ..Ac." Tin- is the pact which Mr. Van Buren acted in this critical emergency, and here is the rec rd evidence of the fact ; The cilierim sensibility r>( the Southern Nan Burtu Kdiloi . on this subject, is not at all sU'- , prising, an.! easily » vomited for. 'I be Mis souri con trover*} is represented by ilion* who rc rolli. i it, as thf mo; t exciting and frightful which tins country has ever known. Mr. Jetlcrson writing of it at the lime, said, “From the buttle of Bunker's Hill to the treaty ..I I’aris, we novel lia.i bo ominous a question.” Again, “ i his mo mentoui question, this treason against human j hope, like a fire I >< 1 11 in the night, awakened aim I fille.l me with terror. I considered it at once tin I j knell of the I nion. It is for thr . J moment. Hut this is 11 reprieve, only not n fma Henleiicc.” Mr. Van IJureii was a conspiraloi 1 jin tlns “treason against human hope,” in this firm j great concentrated movement, of ihe abolitionist against doineattc slavery; I his fart estaldishcil and brought home to the people of the .South, ; must seriously affect his pretensions to exclusive nml devoted friendship for the institutions of the South—more especially when it is recollected, 1 that whilst Mr. Van Uuren was thus kindling firebrands for our destruction, Hr.Niir ('lay, the reviled and persecuted, then stood forth the champion ol the South and the preserver of the | I nion. In regard to Mr. Van Horen's advocacy offree negro suffrage in the .New Vork Convention, no historical l i t is better attested by full and sub stantial proof. The shifts and evasions and nice distinctions of the Louisianian arc of no avail. i\lr. Van Uuren voted in the first instance to give free negroes the right of suffrage without any sort of qualification or restriction, on the ground that “ho would not draw n revenue from them, mid tkt deny them the right of suffrage.” The Committee on Right of Suffrage reported that ‘ every white male citizen, &c.” should he entitled to vote. A motion was made to amend l.y stri king out white so as to admit free negroes. For thin inoliuu Mr. Van tlurrn Voted, (We write will) the record before us.) Afterwarda, (ienl. Hoot, (who had opposed striking out udiile) with a view of not confiding the destinies of the State in the hands offree negroes, suggested a restric tion upon their right of suffrage. This restric tion was modified so ns to require them to own $“5O worth of property. Mr. V. H. acquiesced in this modification, after having first voted to give free negroes unlimited suffrage on the hroad principle that they should not he taxed without the privilege of voting. A survey of Mr. Van Huron's past life exhibits him, win never he lias acted on any principle save that of self-interest, as deadly hostile to the institutions of the South. We are indebted to the Rev. Wlliteford Smith, of Athens, for a ropy of a sermon, delivered by him, on the occasion of the death of the late la mented Judge Clayton. We shall endeavor to find room for extracts from this eloquent produc tion. Having personally known the subject of it, from onr curliest years, we hfcar full teslimony to every line, which portrays ihe private charac ter of that distinguished man.—His public char- 1 nclcr is as well known to our readers as to ourselves. Judge McDonald’s Letter to the llna. Joseph Sturgis. Mo-ox, 11th Dec. IS.??}. Hon. Joskpii Sti'iiois. Snt—l have received your letter requesting my views on the following subjects;— Ist. The incorporation of a National Hank. 3d. The separation of the finances of the Gov ernment from Hanks. 3d. My views in regard to the candidate for the Presidency. The history of the Hank of the United States for a few years prior to the expiration of its charter fully proves nut only the inexpediency of a National Hank, hut also the great danger to he apprehended from such mi institution to the purity of the National Councils and the liberty of the people. The main objects in establishing primarily a Hank of this sort, was to constitute a convenient fiscal agent, to conduct the financial concerns of the country. It never was in tended to he any thing more than an qistruiueiu in the hands ol the Government to answer the pnr pnses of Ihe (lovermneiil. It never was insti tuted with n view, either to speculation or indi vidual profit. Had it been, it never would have received the sanction olden. Washington. The late Hank, however, not content to act, as this agent, in subserviency to the will ol the Govern ment, set Itself up to think and judge for the Government. This consequential agent assumes the haughty tone of dictation, and says to its principal—“you are incapable of managing your own affairs without my aid, you must continue my agency.” It resorted to means too well cal culated to effect its objects. It made loans of enormous amounts to members of Congress, ami the publishers of newspapers, and the extraor dinary coincidence, between the period of these loans, and that of a change of course on the port of many of the persons to whom they were in mV, proves conclusively the powerful iiillueneo of Ihe argument addressed to them. I cannot believe it expedient to incorporate an institution us an appendage to the Government liable to so much abuse, and 1 fully concur with the resolution passed by the Democratic members of Congress at the extra ses-iou of 1837, on this subject.— My views have been the same for several years, lu 1831, 1 offered in the Senate as a substitute for resolutions offered by another Senator on the same subject, a preamble and resolutions which you will receive inclosed, which will show you the ground which I then occupied. Another grand and insep> rable objection to the incorpora tion of a National Hank, is that from infallible j indications on (he part of the laic Hank, we can not expect such an institution to oxist without identifying itself with the polities of the day.— We any expect it to wield its vast resources and mllneuee to bud a up its favorites, and prostrate alt ■ who have boldness and independence enough to 1 endeavor to confine it strictly within the hounds lof a mere fiscal agency. A control of this sort is to h,* sincerely deprecated in a Government ■ whole the only pa-sports io popular favor should he patriotism, integrity. and experience, supuort ied hy good sense aid popular security. The | next matter on which you ask my opinion, is the | separation of the Cv, v eminent from Hanks—eom i monly called the Divorce. lam favorable to the j mea-ures reeoomi M'ded by the Administration on j this subject. lam not able to con eive how uuv I statesman can maintain the doetime that the peo ple should In- taxed to raise money to he placed i in Hanks to be used by them as their own Iliads, ■ loaned out T»r their own benefit, nml exposed to all the hazard of re'e ses in mercantile opera tions. The people ol the country are patriotic. They pay not only wdl ugly, hut with alacrity, all the taxes neeessa y to support the Govern ment. which is the creature of thoir will, and ; which affords them protection, and under which they have prospered to a degree unequ tiled bv nv other uai.on on the face of the tilobe. If a law should be passed I y the National Legislature to raise by taxation a fun 1 to bo placed in the vaults of a private eoip.iralion for the benefit if the stockholders, the peo de would rise en masse, with arms in their hands from Maine to the Ba lau ■ to resist it. and yi t the pet Hank system is in efleet and practice verv much the same thing. The revenue of the country is collected, placed in the Hanks, mingled with the common stock, oud dealt out as private property, and should the Hank fad tin mgh the di faleation or mismanage ment of its officers, or at y of the misfortunes to which such insb'utions are subject, there is no responsibility,—the public must sustain the loss, it t and the people i-e again Uxed to raise the ncccs- | • iary supplies. It i» only necessary tor this sys icm to he examined and understood, to lie uui ■- versally condemned. In regard to the candidate h ! for tlii Presidency, I have no reason to regret the n preference I have given Mr. Van Huron, among le | those who arc likely to he before the people. — t The independent course which he has pursued i- j and which has improperly brought down upon n 1 him the maledictions of a portion of the people m d particular sections of the country, ought to fix ic i firmly upon his administration the affections ol ie | every patriotic citizen. He has been the Prest d I dent of the entire nation, and has manfully op >r posed all efforts to destroy that spirit of compro- U inise, forbearance, and concession in which the Is | present federal constitution was formed, and by d wliicb it is to be hoped it will lie maintained and i, perpetuated. He lias uniformly, when occasion C required it, discountenanced all attempts to inter a sere with the domestic rights and institutions of 1, the Southern Smles, and stands pledged to exer g rise his constitutional right of veto to any law, c which maybe passed by Congress affecting these c rights in any quarter. This he has done, when e he knew ho was thereby jeoparding his popularity in strong and powerful Stales. The man, who c voluntarily sacrifices his personal interest and 0 popularity in the maintenance of right and i- justice, deserves, and should receive the support c of the wise and good. So far as it lias been de- I. veloped, I find nothing to censure or condemn c in Air. Van Huron’s policy towards foreign na t tions. My reply to your inquiry has perhaps t been spun out to a greater length than was nc il cessnry, hut Ido not see that I could have pre e sented it in a more condensed form, and made it 1 satisfactory to myself. I hope you will not use 1 it, except to correct misrepresentations of my - views nnd opinions on the subjects to which you r have called my attention. I do not wish it used c to produce any other (“fleet or result. Respectfully your oh’t servant, i chas. j. McDonald. “ Copy of Mesolntions Introduced into the L'lrisluture of 1834, by j Judge McDonald. , The expediency of recharlering the Bank of the I United States having become a question of much ( interest to the country, the General Assembly of Georgia feel justified in giving an expression of ( its views upon this subject. It was established , primauly as the agent of the Governmental the , collection of its revenue, and the disbursements of its funds in various sections of the country, where it might become necessary to use them. It has subserved, it is true, many valuable interests, and chiefly its equalization of the currency, has been of great benefit to the country. But it was never intended to be any thing more than an in stillment in the hands of the Government for effect ing the above named national objects. As it is the agent, or (he instrument of the Government there fore, with which the financial interest of the com munity are so deeply and intimately connected, it would seem that without any express reservation for that purpose in the charter, Congress should at all times have the right to examine into the ■ slate and condition of its affairs. If it is beyond the reach, power or control of the Government, it is certainly an unsafe depository of the public funds. The Secretary of the Treasury, who at all times being a subordinate part of the Execu tive Government, is subject to the control and di rection of the Chief Magistrate of the Union, has the power expressly given to him by law, to with hold at his pleasure, from the Hank, the right to receive the public funds. This is a power dis cretionary with him and his discretion is subordin ate to that of (lie chief executive, and it may be exercised even arbitrarily, but ought always to bo exercised when the public interests require it. From dcvelopenienls made by actual investigation and public discussion, there can be no question but that the United States Bank has wielded its vast resources to coerce Congress to grant an ex tension of its charter. Its influence upon the press has been seen, and it is to be feared that it lias insinuated its corruptions into higher places. From being the mere agent of the Government, it has attempted to control the Government itself. Such an institution in the hands of evil men will certainly become dangerous to the liberties of the people. If it should succeed in obtaining an ex tension of its charter now, a future renewal of its grant will become more easy, and it may perpetu ate its existence upon the Government. It is pal pable to llie understanding of all who will give the subject due reflection, that it is unwise and unsafe to extend the grant of such a corporation. He it therefore resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Georgia, in General Assembly met. That our Senators in i Congress be instructed, and our Representatives requested, to use their exertions to prevent a rc charter or an extension of the charter of the Hank of the United States. He it further resolved, That our Senators in , Congress he instructed, and our Representatives requested, to use their influence, to cause to be proposed an amendment to the constitution of the I ’nited Slates, to prohibit Congress from granting a charter to any Hank, for a longer term [ than 20 years, nnd to prevent u renewal or ex tension of such charter. i , Another Indian Massacre. i Tallahassee, July 17. 1 On Saturday night, between nine and ten o clock, (ho tamily of Mr. Green Chairs—living • about ten miles from town—were attacked by the ' Indians, and his wife and two children killed ! 1 he family it appears presented one of those 1 | quiet peacelul scenes, so common in a country 1 ! life, and which so forcible illustrate that beauti r j ful and perfect picture drawn by the inimitable - I Burns, in his “Cotter’s Saturday night.’ Mis, ( hairs was sitting by the table sewing, j surrounded by her interesting tamily, consisting 1 ( of her husband and six childr. n; Mr. Chairs was - j reposing on the bed, in the same room, when an I j Indian Rifle was tired, and Mrs. C. fell dead from • j her chair! Mr. C. instantly sprang from the 1 j bed. Mew out the caudle, closed the door and ; : windows, and seizing his gun took his stand, with 1 j the determination to kill one Indian at all haz -1 i arils, when they should attempt to enter the house. 1 The Indians, however, approached the house in ■ i such away as to lie unseen by Mr. C. and pro j cceded to set lire to the dwelling and out houses •j on the premises. Soon after the dwelling house ■ | caught fire, Mr. C. started four of the largest ’ | children out at the hack door, and told them to i escape to the next neighbors; they did effect their ’ escape, nnd were all saved ; the eldest, however, ■ | a young lady about seventeen, was discovered by 1 the Indians, who gave her chase, and were well j nigh making her a victim ; but she had taken the ' precaution, as she was leaving the house, to tako ■ with her a dark cloak, nnd when she found hcr • i si If closely pursued by the savages, she suddenly • fell in the bushes, and throwing this garment over her person, concealed herself from the keen ! eve of her ruthless pursuers; the Indians, she i says, passed within three feet of her! This i ! young lady s life was saved so narrowly, as to •i make the blood run cold, even at the thought; e and it should not be forgotten, that it is entirely i attributable to her presence of mind. 1 s, rapid was the fire, and so groat the conster , nation produced upon Mr. C. by the sudden death '■ of his wife, that in making his own flight from s the house, he forgot his two youngest children— j •*’ " le M'otit two years old, and the other a babe dj of six months—and they were both burned to “ ashes! Information of this horrid transaction 0 cached our city during the night, and our citi zens were aroused by the beating of the drum, o and the stirring preparations to go in pursuit of 0 the toe. About sun-rise, the “Minute Men.” a b mounted company under the command of Capt. ■ Hugh Futicr, started in pursuit, and after visit ing tlie scene of murder and outrage, took the ] j trail of the Indians, and followed it some miles, : I when, owing to a veryjieavy rain which fell dur ing their pursuit, they lost it, and were obliged Ito return. Much credit is due to C apt. fisher and his brave young men, for the alacrity of their I movements on this occasion; as also to Captain i Dezeau and his company,the “City Greys, who > started on Sunday, about e2 o’clock, on a week s , scout. The Minute Men are still out scouring | the county. It is tlm purpose of tl.e Governor to keep the ; frontier of the District well guarded hy our vol- 1 unteer Com[>anies until he can call a suitable | force to the field. He has given orders for a draft | of one hundred men from Leon County, to he i made forthwith. The people are unanimous in | the opinion, that when the families of our best j citizens arc inhumanly butchered within tew i miles of the Capitol of the country, then it is high ' time for the Executive to he clothed with a pow er which will enable him to raise force, and carry on offensive operations against the Indians, irres pective of the regular army. We, as citizens of Florida have suffered long enough! The Gene ral Government has disgraced itself, ami we have been most shamefully abused, neglected, torment ed, murdered. A fresh wound has been opened, nor can it be healed, save hy empowering our Executive to raise troops, and put an end to this disgraceful “Indian hunt.” It can be done and will be done, if Florida is permitted to have her way in the matter. from the New Orleans Commercial Bullet in. Important from Mexico. Santa Anna superseded in the Mexican Presi dential Chair by General Bravo. We were put in possession of this unexpected piece of intelligence yesterday by Captain Cot trell, of the schooner Essex, from Matamoras, which port he left on the 10th inst. That the present Mexican rulers are capable of effecting many strange deeds, we are always prepared to believe, but that Hravo, with infinitely less talents ( and celebrity, should he elected, or chosen, for a j situation, of which, as it appears, his master was 1 deemed unworthy, is a matter that seems to rc | quire more confirmation. The Essex’s manifest, | shown to us by Capt. Cottrell, bears an indorse ment to this effect—“On the 17th inst. an ex press courier arrived here from Mexico, stating that Santa Anna was driven from the presidential chair, and General Hravo elected to fill the va i cancy.” Os the correctness of this statement, Capt. Cot trell entertained no suspicion; and when we take into consideration the well known fact, that the present races of Mexicans hardly recognize any principle of action hut the tumultuous incentives of unbridled licentiousness, the news may not wear so apochry phul a feature. Generals Lomus and Canalize are negotiating about making peace. The former is encamped at Monterey, and the latter at Saltillo. Liusta mente is yet in Tampico. Matamoras, we need not say, is still in the possession of the government; the rumor of its being captured hy the Federalists turns out to have been without foundation. The most re mote idea is not entertained of attacking Texas. From the Georgia Journal. Trial of Thomson for the Killing ol Searcy. It is impossible for us to picture to our renders the intense interest which the trial of this young man, a youth of only nineteen summers, excited in our community.—The novelty of the case, and the circumstances that induced him to take the law into his own hands and perpetrate the deed, were sufficient of themselves to create unusual excitement favorable to the prisoner; but when we add to this the thrilling eloquence of the able counsel who conducted the defence, language would fail us, were we to attempt to convey to our readers any just idea of the feelings which pervaded the bosom of almost every one in at tendance upon the trial. The counsel on the part of the State ably discharged their duty. The closing speech of the Solicitor General was an effort of cool, unimpassioned reasoning upon the law of the land, well calculated to impress upon a jury the necessity of discharging their solemn duty, however exeited might their sympathies be in behalf of the prisoner. • It was our intention to give to our readers arc -1 port of this trial, but understanding that a mem | her of the bar intends publishing in pamphlet ! ( form a full account of it, with the speeches of 1 1 those engaged both in the prosecution and defence I of the prisoner, we have abandoned our design, | and will briefly present, in lieu thereof, the fol ; lowing hastily written statement. | The prisoner was charged with the murder of Searcy, who, upon his death-bed, affirmed, as j the witness in behalf of the Stale (Dr. Case) tes- I tilled, that “lie was in his hack yard about 9 o’- i clock, P. M., and heard a noise in the direction of Mrs. Thompson’s house, and knowing Thomp son had been intoxicated during the day, suppo sed he was abusing his mother, and went up to see the cause of the disturbance, and that when he arrived within a few yards of the house, the pris oner rushed upon him, without speaking, shot him, and then cut him with a bowie-knife,” of which wounds he died. The defence was chiefly placed upon negativing the dying declarations ol the deceased, by a con nexion of circumstances in direct conflict with the statement made by the deceased in extremis. 1 he counsel lor the defence endeavored to es tablish by those circumstances that deceased was j sll ot In the bed room of defendant’s mother, am] that deceased was fresh from an adulterous bed j when he received at the hands of the son, a youth j of nineteen, the mortal wound. No express mal j h'e was proven to deceased. On the contrary, j habits of friendship with the sons of the deceased.’ ( as also with the deceased, existed previous and j up to the time ol killing. Tlic counsel for accu- I i sod assumed that it was a new case—that not a I | precedent was to be found in the law books either i way,—in reference to the right of a son to punish with death, in the heat of resentment, the adulter er of his mother. This was not denied on the part ot the State, and the Judge, in charging the Jury, assented to the declaration of prisoner’s | counsel that it was a novel ease. Counsel for State and Prisoner, and order in : which they addressed the Court: Ist. Washi.votox Poe,’Esq,. State’s Counsel, j -il. Ivkuson L. llarris,Esq. Prisoner’s “ ! Jd. Rohkht A . Hardeman. Slate’s “ j 4th, 1* uancis 11. Conk, Prisoner’s “ 3th. Wm. \. H ANsr.LL, State’s « fith. Afui sri sH. Kenan, Prisoner’s “ \ . Ihe Solicitor General, Col. Foster, then closed I in behalf of the State. I he Judge s charge was able and impressive. The Jury retired on the second day of thetraal i about dusk, and after an absence of about twenty : hours, returned the following verdict: “We, the Jury, find the Prisoner guiltv of Vol- : | untary Manslaughter in defence of his’ mother, j jas the relation of husband and wife; and prav i ; ..Court ,|J extend to him his utmost demon- I I ey. I Th* (ourt passed upon the Prisoner the short i est term of impiisonmont in the Penitentiary that j the law permitted, viz; two years. The P’rison • or ' during the trial, conducted himself with "Teat j decency and modest deportment. His personal | appearance was well calculated to elicit the deep sympathies of the community. | Filial Ksvihence of the Tcbks.—A beau tiful feature in the character ol the Turks, is their reverence and respect for the author of their be ing. Their wives advice and reprimand are un i heeded; their words are Wi~ nothing— but their i \ \ \ ; mother is an oracle! She is consulted, <in tided j j in. listened to with respect and deference, honor ed to her latest hour, and remembered with affec tion and regret beyond the grave. "My wives die, and I replace them,” says the Osmanli; ‘my children perish, and others may he born to me ; but who shall restore to me the mother who has passed away, and who is no more! ’ —Ctty if the Sultan. From the Philadelphia Inquirer. The Cotton Chops of the World. There is no subject connected with commerce j or agriculture, which possesses a higher interest | for the citizens of the United Stales, than the ! production and consumption of— Cotton. We , have, on more than one occasion, devoted our co i lumns to the insertion of information upon the j subject; and our attention is particularly called 1 to it just now, in consequence of the recent pub- I licalion of a valuable letter signed “Cotton ■ Plant,” in a spirited New York paper, called the ! Whip. The writer commences by slating that ' the entire growth of cotton in the world, is set down at 1,000(100,000 pounds. Os this 550 millions are supposed to he grown in the United j States—3o in Bra; il—B in the West Indies—27 jin Egypt—3G in the west of Africa—l9o in the west of Asia—3s in Mexico and South America, except Brazil—and 14 millions elsewhere. Thus, at ten cents per pound, a price below which it has rarely ever fallen, this crop is worth $100,000,000. For the last fifty years, however, the value (though often fluctuating suddenly and widely) has averaged 19J: At this price, the present growth of the world is worth $192,500,- 000. Os this, about 350 millions of pounds are con sumed and manufactured in England—about 150 millions in the United States—Bo in France —250 in China and India—2s in South Ameri ca and Mexico, includingßrazil—3s in Germany —45 in Turkey and Africa—lo in Spain—2o in Prussia—and the remainder elsewhere. The value of cotton manufacturers in England, is helived to be annually about 170 millions of dollars—in Fiance, 70 millions—in the United States, 60 millions. The capital employed in manufacturing by machinery, is estimated,in England, 200 millions of dollars—in France,at 120 millions—the Uni ted States, at 110 millions. The consumption in manufactures of raw cot ton in all Europe, in 1803, was estimated atonly 60 millions of pounds. (Die. of Span. Com.) The whole consumption in Europe, in 1830, was about 387 millions of pounds. In 1838, it is be lieved to be nearly 500 millions of pounds. South Carolina and Georgia were the first States in this Union to grow cotton to any con siderable extent, 1791, two millions of pounds were grown in the Union—l£ millions of which grew in South Carolina, and one half million in Georgia. In 1801 forty millions was the crop of the United States— of which, 20 millions grew in South Carolina, 10 in Georgia, Sin Virginia, 4 in North Carolina, and one in Tennessee. In 1811, the crop of the United States had reached 80,000,000 —of which, 40 grew in South Carolina, 20 in Georgia, 8 in Virginia,, 7 in North Carolina, 3 in Tennessee, and 2 in Louis iana. In 1821, one hundred and seventy millions of pounds were grown in the Union—as follows; 50 millions in South Carolina, 45 in Georgia, 20 in Tennessee, 20 in Alabama, 12 in Virginia, 10 in North Carolina, 10 in Louisiana, and 10 in Mississippi. In 1828, the whole crop of the Union was millions. Os this, Georgia griiw 75 mil lions, South Carolina 70, Tennessee 45, Alaba ma 45, Louisiana 38, Mississippi 20, Virginia 25, North Carolina 18, Florida 2, and Arkansas one half of a million. In 1833, the crop of the Union had increased to 437| millions. Os this, 88 millions grew in Georgia, 73 in South Carolina, 70 in Mississippi, 65 in Alabama, 55 in Louisiana, 50 in Tennes see, 15 in Florida, 13 in Virginia, 10 in North Carolina, and J in Arkansas. The next year, (1834,) the crop had increas ed to millions, and was grown as follows: 85 in Mississippi, 85 in Alabama, 75 in Geor gia, in South Carolina, 62 in Louisiana, 45 in Tennessee. 20 in Florida, 18 in Virginia, 9J in North Carolina, and i in Arkansas. Subse quently, no certain data are in our possession ; but the estimate at this time is 550 millions as the whole crop of the Union. [■ Thus it will be seen, from 1791 to 1826,8. Carolina was the most abundant cotton growing State in the Union. In 1826, Georgia took the lead, and held it till 1834, when Alabama and Mississippi took the front rank. At this time, Mississippi is perhaps the most extensive cotton growing Slate in the Union. South Carolina and Alabama r.rc next. North Alabama is be ginning to deteriorate as a cotton country ; while the worn lands in Middle Tennessee arc thought to improve for this culture—maturity, the vital j desideratum, not being so easily allowed in the | rank luxuriance of the fresher soils. ( When it is remembered that the first cotton i plant in the United States , was raised in 1787, 1 surely our readers will find reason for surprise at j the wonderful increase that has accrued in little 1 more than fifty years! Bold indeed, must be j the man, who would venture to predict the j wealth, greatness, and power, likely to become | our national attributes, through the agency of ■ Cotton. j Consignees per South Carolina Kail Road. Hamburg, July 24, 1839. j (lardellc & Rhindj H. Parsons; Baird & Rowland; j H. Nicols; Clark, Racket & Co.; F. Hopkins; J, p. I Seize; L. Preston; A. B. Mallory; W. Hattier; T. ; Dawson; Rankin, Boggs & Co.; J. K. & If. Hora; , Stovall & Simmons; G. T. Dortic; Perritt & Taylor; I Anderson & Y.; J. F Benson; G. Parrott; Jeffers &. Boulware. commercial! Latest dates from Liverpool June 14 Latest dates from Havre June 10 AUGUSTA MARKET. Cotton. —Our market for tills article a usual at ! this season of the year, R quite dill, as ostofour j buyers have retired from the market and the quan- I tity olTerinquite small; our quotations are now 1 from 11 a 14 cents as extremes of the market. Lxchange. Checks on New \ork are scarce end difficult to be obtained; for current money when | fomid 3 P p r cent, is asked, for City bills 2 per cent i chccks on Charleston Ij per cent, for country mon -1 ‘T, at j per cent, for city hills—City Bank’ notes I are eagerly brought up at one percent, premium; so also are bills of the Banks of Savannah and S- Carolina—Munroe Railroad a a 10 per cent dis count—Darien Back notes 15 a2O per cent, dis ! count. j Freight. —The river is still low and freights arc j held at the old rates. „ _ , New- York, July ?0. . Cofee— Ihe market continues without much ani mation the sales being yet confined almost exclu- I sIV(,| Y t 0 P n reels as wanted for home use. In j B.azil, the transactions were, however, move ex -1 tensive, comprising fully 20( o bags, (upwards one j h?lf for the Philadelphia market,) at II j a 12, | with some very prime at 12f In addition to j these, the sales were 1 a 200 bags Laguira, at 12 a j • -i; 200 da Cuba, I li a 11 j; all 4 mos.; and 3 a 400 I do tit. Domingo, 9J cents, mostly for cash. * ■ \ . « 1 Qptiun —Thejuirkf t lortotton continues to pre sent the Arne appearance notired in the early pe riod of the week ; prices have remained without variation, and the transactions have been also to a similar extent, chiefly for exportation ; they com prise 110 U bales New Orleans, at 12$ a 14$ princi pally at 14; 4UO do Florida, 12 a 14.}; 250 do Mo bile, 12 a 15; and 250 do Upland, 1 a 14$ cents, form ng a total for the week of fully 4000 bales. The arrivals have been 089 bales. Flour. —We have to repeat the continued preva lence of excessive du Iness in the market, the sales with the exception of occasional parcels for expor tation, principally of Southern, being yet conhned t ) parcels as necessary forimmediate domestic use. In prices, there has also followed a farther reduc tion of 124 a 25 cents per bbl. on Western, which has likewise extended to some descriptions ofSouth ern ; sales of common brands Canal were made at $5,75: and for Ohio, viacanal, of fair brands, $5,50 was, we understand, in some instances accepted ; Georgetown has continued steady, with sales at $6 a S(J 374, this range including the variety of brands. Os Howard street, the sto k is much reduced ; of the common Souihern sorts, the market is nearly bare, with the exception of Uichmond Country; several hundred barrels of which were sold at about , $5,75 Some New York city, manufactured from the first of the new crop North Carolina. Wheat has appeared in market and sold in part at about $0.50. Molasses —The demand yet continues very line/ ited for all descriptions. The only additional transactions consist of a cargo of 271 hhds and 70 ticrccs and bbls Malanzas,on terms not transpired; 150 hhds Martinique at 31; and 14Udo extra supe rior Porto Rico at 40 cents, all on time. Sugar —The market continues without varia tion, the demand being yet quite limited. There are, however, but few Museovadoes offering at present,most of the parcels recently received hav ing been placed in store. The sales embrace about 100 hhds Porto'Rico, at 7$ a Bjj 50 do St. Croix, 9$ a 9|; 40 do New Orleans, 6s; 150 bbls White Brazil, 9s; 3 a 400 boxes Brown Havana, 8$ a8 j, with some at 9; and 150 do White, 11$ a 12 cents, all on the usual time. Mobile, July 20. Cotton —We reported in our last 7,116 bales as the stock on hand, including all on shipboard not cleared, since then we have received 4 bales and shipped to Liverpool, 1,117 leaving a stock on hand including all on ship board not cleared ol 6033 bales, against 1453 bales, the same time last year. The deficiency in our receipts from the corresponding period last year amounts to 56,736 bales Since our last report, but very little has been transacted in our market, and that at our last week quotations. During the week, the stock on sale has been reduced about 300 bales, 100 by sate and 200 shipped on planter’s accounts. Our quotations remain. Good Fair to Good, - - - - 15$ Fair, 14 a 14$ Middling, 13$ a 13^ Ordinary, ------ nominal Coffee —Our quotations remain unaltered—al though the stock of Havana is large, we think there is rather a tendency in improvement—Havana 12 a 12$,Hio’11 a 11$. MARINE IM’ELLIGENCE. Charleston, July 24. Cleared —Ship Merchant, Jordon, Liverpool; Kr. ship Bonne Araic, Collas Havre. dj-’ CLINCH RIFLEMEN ATTENTION.'— Appear on your parade ground on Saturday morning next,at 5 o’clock, in citizens’ dress, fordrill. By order of the Captain, ju>y2s FRAZER, 0. S. QTj“ THE AMERICAN SILK GROWER H/ftt) FARMER'S MAN UAL—A monthly publication designed to extend and encourage the growth of Silk throughout the United States. Edited by Ward Cheney and Brothers, Burlington, N. J., and pub lished in Philadelphia, at the low price of One Dollar a year. {Kir Subscriptions received at this office. aj RESIDENT DENTIST..— Dr. Monroe’s operating rooms, second door from Broad trect, on Mclntosh-st., opposite the Constitutionalist office march 13 (fiff NOTICE. —The Rail Road Passenger Tram , between Charleston and Hamburg, will leave as ollows: UPWARD. Not to leave Charleston before 7 00 a u. “ “ Summerville, “ - -S 30 “ “ Georges’, - “ - 10 00 “ “ Branchville, “ - 11 00 “ “ Slid way, - “ - 11 30 m. “ “ Blackville, - “ -100 p. m. “ “ Aiken, - - “ - 300 Arrive at Hamburg not before - 400 DOWNWARD. Not to leave Hamburg before 6 00 a. m. “ “ Aiken, - “ - - 730 “ “ Blackville, “ - . 930 “ “ Midway, “ - - 10 30 1! “ Branchville, “ - - 11 00 “ , “ Georges’, “ - - 12 00 m. “ “ Summerville,“ - - 2 OOp. m. Arrive at Charleston not before 300 Distance—l36miles. FareThrough—slo 00. Speed not over 20 miles an hour. To remain 20 minutes each, for breakfast and dinner, and not longer than 5 minutes for wood and water at any station. To stop for passengers, when a white flag is hoisted, at cither of the above stations; and also at Sineaths, Woodstock, Inabinet’s, 41 mile T. 0., Rives’, Grahams, Willcston, Windsor, Johnsons, and Marsh’s T. O. Passengers up will breakfast at Woodstock dine at Blackville; down, will breakfast at Aiken and dine at Summerville. may 21 CCT BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, foVthe benefit of the Sick Poor of Augusta and its vicinity. The Visiting Committees for the ensuing month aie as follows: Division No. I.—Wm. Thompson, Wm.H. Oak man, Mrs. Mantz, and Mrs Leon. Division No. 2. —Rev. C. W. Kev, Mr. J. M. Newby,Mrs. J. W. Stoy, Miss E. Morrison. Division No. 3. —Robert McCal ister, Jas. Pan ton, Mrs. E. Heard, Mrs J.C. Snead. Any member of the committees may obtain funds by calling on the President, (W. W. Holt, Esq.) at his office, Cumming’s Piaza. July 24 C. F. STURGES, Secretary. GREAT ARRIVAL! Fifteen Bushels, or 270,000 boxes of PETERS’ PIELS. The subscribers have made arrangements with Dr. Peters, of New York, to be supplied by the quantity with his Pills. All dealers can now be supplied at factory prices. Os all the Pills we have any knowledge of, these are the mostvalua j ble In no instance have they failed to accomplish every thing they promised, and thousands who for years have been lingering with some chronic or ob stinate disease, new add their testimony in behalf of this valuable medicine. One great quality of his Vegetable Pills is. that they have the alternative principle combined with their cathartic, or operative qualities, so that they not only cleanse the stomach and bowels by purg ing, but they regulate the liver,change the morbid secretions, strengthen the digestive organs, purify the blood, invigorate! he circulation, and give tone and energy to the neivous system. They have no rival in curing and preventing Bilious Fevers. Fever and Ague, Dyspepsia, Liver Complaints, Sick Head-ache, Jaundice, Asthma/ Dropsy, Rheumatism, Enlargement of the Spleen, Piles, Cholic, Female obstructions, Heart-burn, Furred Tongue, Nausea, Distension of the Stomach and Bowels, Incipient Diarrhma, Flatulence, Hab itual Costiveness, Loss of Appetite, Blotched or Sallow Complexion, and in all cases.if 'lorporof the Bowels, where a Cathartic or an Aperient is needed. They are exceeding'}’ mild in their oper ation, producing neither nausea, griping nor debility. Dr. Peters has sold more than live millions of boxes of these celebrated Pills, in the U. States, the Cana das, Texas, Mexico and the West Indies, since Jan. 1535. All persons who have used the Genuine Peters Vegetable P,lls, recommend them in terms of the most unqualified prkise, which is proof pos itive of their extraordinary and beneficial elfects. these justly celebrated Pills arc for sale by THOMAS BARRETT & Co., and II.VVTLAND, RISLEY A: Co., Agents. June 0 2m