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rnnoNipLE and sentinel. iUCIUSTA. II ESDA\ M(IRKING, kUOUSI 8. TOR GOVERNOR, tH A u l-1: s noir<;iiu ii t v , or ci.»uk rot vTT. Wo yesterday, on the invitation of Dr Ambler, the inventor, visited llie operation of a machine, invented hy him for reeling silk from cocoons and ttvistmg it into sen in;; (-ilk. It is v ery simple anil yet answers the purpose for wliieli it was in tended, most excellently. Wo consider it n su perior machine to that of Mr. (ray, sometime since exhibited in this city. It nniy costa about one tenth of the money Mr. Cl. asked for his. About thirty dollars wilt pay the cost of constructing one, and the whole machinery is so simple that any person of ordinary sagacity can work it. /'he Now T oik Journal of Commerce, of the 8()th ultimo, says;—Cotton anil Flour nee both decidedly better. The sales of Cotton are some seven hundred hales, and within half a cent of the prices of last week. .Sellers have hail the spirit to ask it, and buyers have chosen to give it. (Jeneaee and Ohio Flour have become anile scarce, and prices arc better hy Dije, (Sales common (leneace £5,88. In grain no change.—■ Ashes dull. In Sugar and Coffee there is a good husines, so there is some spirit left yet. The sales ol Stork- are at better prices though moder ■crate in extent. Ma M worn UKi:r.—Our respected friend, Da vid Ewait, Eiij*. of this place, presented ns the other day with an exceedingly fine Meet, grown in his luxuriant and beautiful garden. It meas ures 17 incites round, and 15 inches long, and weighs five lbs. and is with rl of a rh-h and heauti- Inl enler.— Cnlumhiu South C'nrolim'an. Wo tan heal that. Mr. Wm. Harper, of this city, brought to onr office last evening two Duets » larger in every respect. One of them was twenty inches in cir-umfemiee and two feet long—tlm other twenty incites in eireumforomo and nearly twenty in length. One weighs Hj line and the other 7f. For the Chronicle A Sentinel. Mercer University. M i.ssas. Keri n as.—This institution is located 111 the nrwjand flourishing village of I’enfield, seven miles and a half Irotn (irennshoro’. Ita officers are Dev. Otis Smith, President and Pro fessor of Mathematics and Moral Philosophy ; Dev. Mr. Williams, Professor of languages j Dev. A. Sherwood. Professor of Mental and Mo ral Philosophy, and Hellos Ki-Ures | Rev. Dr. Tolo liee, I’releasor of Chemistry, Mineralogy and (/eulogy; Dev. Mr. Allnway and Mr. Hamlford, Tutors. Nearly all the faculty have unstained a high reputation as school-master*; they bring with themhhereforc experience as well as repu tation. The recent examination was creditable to instructors and pupils, and gratifying to an in telligent auditory. The commencement look place on last VV ednesday, the building was crowd* ■< Ito overflowing. J'ho young gentlemen of the Sophomore class, delivered interesting addresses on the subjects attached to their names. Mr. Johnson. Missionary Cause. Mr. Sharp, Agricultural Science. Mr. Well) mine, Influence and Desponsihilily ctf Literary Men. Mr. Janes, ILiehelorism. Mr. West and Mr. Vason, Should Females ho allowed the Digit! of Suffrage. Mr. Ilnekncr,'Manual I. ahor System. Mr. Gihsun, N’inteentl) Century. There are about 100 students in the Univer sity ; of whom 8 are Juniors, II Sophomores, and K Freshmen. PcnfieU enjoys a rare combination of advan tages. The Legislature, hy positive enactmen', has forbidden the introduction of dram-shops, gaming houses, and other nuisances vvThin its hounds ; the penally is forfeiture ol the premises to the University. Public opinion here is a vir tuous unit. There are now, Messrs. Editors, four Colleges in the Stale, liberally patronized. We anticipate n bright future. The education of our sons is the least expensive, ami a more beneficial and durable species of internal improvement, Wm. J, H. PanensKii *e k\ n « i. Kti . i m•; \ r or Tkxian Isnm'KMit.vet. n Fa ini i .—The Journal dos Duhats, the leading m nisi, rial Journal of the French capital, in reference to the subject of the nekn iwledgemenl of IVxian Independence by France, holds the following language: ••To-day the circumstances which might have ju Rifled the resolution of France a few years since, are completely altered; we are not obliged la observe the s into discretion, and nobody would conceive that France should hesitate any longer to vieV\ to the wishes of Texas. It would he a repetition of the mistake committed under the Restoration in respect of the new republics of Spanish America, who then otVored France, in return I ir the recognition of their political exis tence, treaties which they suh*ei|uently refused -to conclude. Not only is Iho independence of Texas now free from all danger, hut its popula tion ami prosperity are increasing with a prodigi ous rapidity- Amidst alt the embarrassments of a new tiovernment in towns ol a recent founda tion. with all tlic elements ol disorder inherent to its form if m. Tex is has organized itself without imv civil war, as the North American union had done 60 years before, differing in that respect JVom the Spanish colonies which have been a prey to domestic comnutious ever siuee (heir emancipation. -The institution* which were not given it In als first president, tlcncral Houston, are now pre paring hy its new president, Cien- ral Lamar, who would he a remarkable man in any country, ami •in a short lime this magnificent territory, led har den hv the Spaniards, and lost hy the Mexicans those harbors of the northern shores of the Gulf of Mexico, so far superior to th -so of Turn ipico and Vera Cruz—those noble river* whi h water and fertilize an uncleared soil, shall lie viv ified hy trade ami agriculture, in the hands of a hardv race, which at least knows how to re-laim the wi.dcrn -s. Ueliold the country with which vr hope Fiance will soon open a regular into - cruise! The moment is propitious; and. if it Tic true.a- 11 cd mushy onr correspondent, tl e (loverno nt hi* sent a commissioner to si mix th resource* and chances of pi » unity ol the lira- --tate. we l:usl till' th Ist ;i \\ ill eoncut in sur opinirn.*’ Foreign Item*. A ureal meeting lias been held in London to establish a "British India Society” to encourage the growth and purchase of East India free labor cotton, in prelcrenec to that grown in the slave, holding slates ol the United Stales. Row a i Co> vi a vti Noet.r; —.1 Turk beaten h/ mi American. —June 10th.—A scene occur red yesterday at the Admirably which has pro duced milch sensation among the Freak popula tion : the Chief of the .Vary Hoard (Miislaplm Bey ) having, during an interview with the Mul ’ tan’s ship-builder (Mr. Rhodes) used allusive lan guage, which the feelings of an American could not put up with, the hitter raised his pipe and broke it on the ins dent Ottoman’s head. The circumstances of the case having been laid before the .'iullan. every one is anxiously awaiting his verdict. I’mkttt Ph i: BkaiiMis. — The e.hilicMiktrhia, or pipe bearers, of the Prinee Puekler, have at tracted attention, being two ladies of Abyssinia metamorphosed into pages, and handing the Prince’s pipe in the most graceful and accomplish ed manner. No wonder the Prince is fond of smoking, when a pretty girl plays with his pipe. ■Siieb smoking is delicious. Gr. v-ii’aiim i i; i« llvoi.anii.—Lord John Rus sell has amt mnred bis determination In create a body ot what be calls ‘moveable police." That is, lie intends to collect a large body of gen-d’ urines in London, to be distributed (at pleasure of the Secretary of State) by railways nil over Lngland. Ifsucee.isfnlly carried out. Ibis will be a fatal blow for the liberty, peace and huppi n' 1 •of “merry Lngland.” This measure is vio lently opposed by the “Times.” ’] ii i. t; in; i t To Hu s a m ksx. —The grand tour nament at I’gliiiglim Castle will take place on the »Btb of next monlli. The tilting and other chivalrous sports will occupy three days. The sports will be concluded with bampiets, balls, and masques, given to the assembled elite by the no lle holder ol the festival, Their Royal Highnes ses, the Duke and Duchess of I’ambridge, are Id c v se expected to be gues s of L ird Eglington during the lournamenls. The Ayrshire Archers, headed by their captain, Claude Alexander, Esq., chid in a lirilliunt and charaelrislio costume, will muster in great force, and mid to the attraction ol the spectacle. One suit of armor to he worn on the occasion was worn by Baron Hylton at the battle of Creasy, and cost $O,OOO, over 500 years ago. Tin; (iiiAMi EiiTiaii’iaiN.—A late Loudon paper gives the following account of a newly in vtiled musical instrument: The, nobility and the amateurs of the musical world are now enjoying a high treat by the per formance o' one of the mast, c xtruordinary and magnificent instruments ever brought to perfec tion by the perseverance and skill of man. This instrument, called the Grand Euterpeon is the production of a well known German artist, M, Blessing, who devoted upwards of twenty years, and expended more than live thousand pounds, to the designing, forming, and perfecting it; it is, in point ol fact, a most complete specimen of mechanism, and stands unrivalled in every re spect. Ii is wholly self-acting, not requiring the aid id any one while playing, and produces the efleet of a lull. Ilrst-rale band. The overtures to “Guillaume Tell,” “Ms saneillo,” “Obcron,” Mozart’s “G. Symphony,” Haydn’s “'Creation," are executed in the most masterly stylo, and the performance does ample justice to their eminent composers. It can also be used ns a piano and organ, having two rows of keys tor the lingers, | and stops, and a row of pedals for the feet, which ( may be played ud Ihi turn indeed, it is only by , hearing ii that its wonderful powers can be pro- | perly appreciated. The instrument, wo are in- , formed,contains nearly sixteen hundred trumpets, ( clarionets, oboes, etc. etc., with a drum of large size, a triangle, and every thing constituting a , military band ; and from its extraordinary grand | appearance and highly finished mechanism, we l sliouhlsaylh.it it is truly deserving of a eoiispic- , nous place in a palace, mansion,or public inslilu- , lion. It may he necessary to stale that it stands twelve feel high, is seven feet six inches wide, and four feel deep, and weighs nearly four tons; it contains twelve bellows and sixteen stops, and, when closed, lias the appearance of a costly piece of cabinet furniture. From the (jrinvi'lle mountaineer. “Cooper’s Naval History.” The “Naval History ol the United Slates,” by J. Eennimoi’e Cooper, is indeed a work of great value and interest, and lias deservedly added much to the already high reputation of this dis tinguished American writer. Whatever may have been "the falling °Jf\" in interest or ability, of some ol the latter works “by the author of the Spy,” there is no want ol either in this truly Na tional Book. Ills literally a string of thrilling episodes, iu which are recounted brilliant victo ries, hard-fought hull hr. p rent ilisp/ai/s of nau tical skill unit prowes*,prefect discipline, t/clee mi nut valor,unit the m ost spirited gallon/ 11/. In collecting the materials. M r. (’neper has certainly manifested great labor, research and patient in dustry. If there be any objection to the style, it is, that too much technical language is used for a landsman. No hook could have been written, which will advance more abroad the American character. It is doubtful whether any nation on earth can boast the same N aval success w ilh the Cm ted Stales, under as many untoward circumstances. The gathering togelhei and embodying lit a volume all the events of our early Naval history, the greater 1 portion of which is not to ho found in any previous 1 history of our country, is one of Mr. Cooper’s ’ high claims to the gratitude of Ins fellow-citizens. No one will rise from the loading of his first volume of N aval History, wit bout being astonish- j ed that there was so much fighting on water du ring the Vmeriean Revolution,and the war sub sequently with France. lint amidst all the praise to which this “Naval I History” is so justly entitled, it is believed thill i ; no well-informed and impartial reader can have perused Mr. Cooper’s account of the fighting on the Lakes, without feeling pain uud mortification at the injustice done Commodore Ferry. The victory on Lake line lias hitherto been universal' lv admitted, by all classes of our country men, in even section of the country, trom Maine to Flor ida. liy far the most brilliant which our gallant lit tle Navy achieved during the late war with Eng land. It bears the same relation, on U'utcr, in the annals of American valor, that the battle of New Oilcans does i n taint. Each of these victories has placed the commanding otfieer, in the esti mation of his country, at the head of her bright g rllavv of suecesslul Gem tails and Naval ollieers; And trudit ou alone, if they wens blotted from every page of history, would preserve their re membrance ever fresh in the recollection of Amer ica. Fhev are too intimately associated with her pride and gallantly at home, and hei national glo -1 rv abroad, ever to la' forgotten or misunderstood. This being the casa, one is at a loss to pereeiv e, why Mr. Cooper, whose feelings are pnrrli/ and proa,Up American, should endeavor to sin- over the battle on Lake Erie, w ith an mqierfeel ae j count of it in detail . rendering to its hero little I praise, pointing out supposed errors, ami making I comparison with manliest detraction! All this is done, to- whilst he n exceedingly minute in 1 Ins account of ike Naval operations on Lake On tario, gi'ina great credit to Commodore Chaim 'e v, who waa ratlur unsuccessful lor skill and g ill anti v. explaining xxhv he was net more fortu nate, aiid »o birth. His account at the Naval movements on 1.-ike C’i i opium is equally full, an 1 awarding high fume to Commodore McDon ough, vvithou the si gUust ill'll at detraction,ci t erbv comp a isan omission, or otlicrw se. I Icl iih n dice a few tpcif rations, Mr. C'oop i or say* llial Commodore Ferry’s conduct, in go !• z'ginto battle, lias been cnli wed—that il lias r been said "i.o one ever went into battle worse, or i> come out of it better There is no doubt Mr. Cooper has heard surh & criticism, or he woo'd ; not ha eso stated it. but, it iseqcaUy certain that suc h a criticism mu-1 have originate d with those who were cii'ious of Commodore Ferry’s fame, and that it has rarely, il ever, been repeated out ( of the circle. No such crilieiiin ha* cu r before been published, and was therefore most unkindly mentioned in the Naval history. Hal it been I hu . the mention ol it, under these r r mmslani e , I would still hu>e. been uncalled for; but being false, Mr. Cooper places himself principal in the , calumny. It is true that < loin nimbi re Ferry com meneeil the engagement under disadvantageous circumstances,— It he had had mor v prudence (a cowardly virtue In too many instances) and loss ’ spirit, and had waited for a better opportunity, the victory would, in all probability, have escaped 1 j him altogether. The exposure of the Northern I Frontier would have continued, and Lake Brio would have been the scene of nothing gallant or brilliant.—lt was a bnld,duthingip Til < fgallant chivalry and deter miaul valor, which led Com modore Ferry “into battle,’’ and tin' same noble feelings, with n htth hardJii'htlni', rarriul bini out, covered with glory, and in possession oftbe enemy Is Fleet. Again—it is alleged by Mr. Cooper, that there was nothing uncommonly heroic or very merito rious in Ferry’s leaving the Lawrence, when she was a wreck, under the cannon of the enemy, and bearing, in an open boat, bis broad pennant to the Niagara ! Mr. (j. is certainly the only historian who records this gallant, daring and skillful act, without being willing to admit that it is something out ol the ordinary mode of fighting. Indeed, is there nothing Inruic in a Naval olficcr’s rushing into the midst of the enemy’s fleet, fighting un dauntedly till his vessel has but a single gnn able to do execution, and his crew are almost all dead or wnundril, then seizing the unsullied and un completed flag of his command, proudly bearing it, in an open boat, amidst a moil destructive fire, to another vessel, taking command of Ibis unin jured ship, and running her, with bis same broad pennant streaming aloft, down upon the enemy, and between two of his principal vessels, pouring into each broadside after broadside, until the “in vincible colors” ol’Kngland’s Navy had to strike amidst the carnage and slaughter of their docks ! Oh shame ! ! As to the comparison which Mr. Cooper makes between Commodore Ferry’s leaving the Law rence, and Captain Elliott the Niagara, the writer ol this article has hut one comment to make. The comparison was wholly uncalled for, and is made with a most unkind .spirit towards the memory of Ferry. Nor is there but little analogy between the two gallant exploits. The one was a noble determination of the commanding officer of a Fleet, showing great coolness and presence of mind, amidst the most imminent danger, to save his fleet, and secure a proud victory by the aban donmentof bis ship. The other was a gallant effort, amidst less personal danger, most assuredly, to bring distant vessels into action, liul why in stitute a comparison g wilh a view of diminishing the honor of one officer, without increasing that of the other ? The glory of the victory was enough for both. The reason of Mr. Cooper is apparent. He endeavored to vindicate the character of Captain Elliott, without letting his reader know the char ges preferred against him. His object is to add to the fame of Captain Elliott, and hold forth in bold rebel his conduct in this battle. In doing this, he is willing to detract from the brilliant and dazzling reputation of Commodore Perry.—Per haps Mr. Hooper thinks that Perry can spare, without injury, sallieient Naval eclat to make Captain Elliott a brilliant officer. This partiality for Captain Elliott is further seen by mentioning the fact, that Commodore Ferry spoke in honorable terms of bis conduct on Lake Erie, in bis report of the victory, without mentioning or alluding in any manner to Com modore Ferry’s subsequent retrutiing and ex plimalian of that report. It was drawn up with the noblest and best feelings which can actuate the human heart—a wish to save the reputation of a brother officer, mid share with him honors which had been heroically won. Tlut the object of libs article is not to repeat the accusations against Captain Elliott, or enter into the merits of the controversy which once existed between him and Commodore Perry. Had Mr. Cooper pursued the same course, the truth of history would have, suffered less, and his noble offering to bis country would not have brought down up on his head the charge of "ixjusiii'k,” “evn- II vi.ni” and “ok rim thin.” FRANKLIN. !St vmi Ci.kaii ! —Of all the libel suits hereto fore instituted, or hereafter to be instituted, by the interesting Mr. J. F.llinghnm Fennimore t neper, none will approach, in interest, import ance, or amusement, those which ire to bo brought against us. In the first place, we have partially reviewed bis naval history, and proved, as we in verity believe, the design of the author to tear the laurel wreath from the brow of the gallant Ferry, rind place it up in the head of an officer who could not, for the life of him, bring bis ship into action upon Lake Eric. Ho was the most unfortunate of men—for not a single cup-full of wind could be coaxed to swell bis sails, unlit Ferry himself- —bis own ship having been shot into splinters from under Ins feet—came on board. Old .Bolus was thereupon more piopi -1 lions, and the refractory sails at once did their office, bringing the liir-oll'ship ot once as brilliant } ly into action as all the others bad gone in before, i Now, lor the audacity of publishing u review which has taken the wind out of Mr. Cooper’s sails, vve arc threatened, in a Cooperstown paper, ! under his own sign manual, with a libel suit.— The amiable author is moreover loud in his street I and travelling conversations, in Ids threats of the manner in which we arc to lie made to sweat for j it. There is to be no paltry Montgomery coun ty four hundred dollar verdict in our case—uo ; thing less than two thousand dollars! Well-a dav, vve must endeavor to hear up under it. lint that suit is not all. We learn in a round-about wav that the estimable Mr. Cooper has written to one ol the kennel presses in the Western part of the stale, that his counsel lias the question un der grave advisement, wlrether our playful sug gestion respecting the Effingham liM fund, is not the germ of a conspiracy, for which we are indictable! Ob don’t Mr. Eliingham—don’t fix us in that way ! We shall be obliged to call up on the profession to eontibute two dollars a-piece instead of one! Thus,dear public, you perceive that all other libel suits brought by the gentle and unassuming Mr. Effiingham, will sink into posi tive insignificance in companion with our. “O for a lodge in some vast wilderness!”— N. Y. Vum. Adv. Kail Roahs i> Ei norm — We have repeat ed notices of the extension of Kail Roads in Europe. One of the most splendid projects re cently announced, because adapted to the accomo dation of one of the greatest masses of popula tion, is one under the direction of the Austrian government in the Lombardo Venetian Kingdom. This projected work is thus described in an Euro pean journal: This rail road will conned the seven richest and most populous cities of Italy with each other. A cniee. Padua, \ iccnza, Verona. Mantua, Itrcscia. and Milan: the most gigantic portion will be the 'nidge ovir the Legions, connecting Venice with the main land. The length of the lail road wid be lt>(! Italian (about the same as English) miles, passing through a population of ifcjef and a half millions, the seven cities having alone a population of hall a million, viz. \ cnicc, j 130,000, Padua, 44,000, Vicenza, 511,000, \c- J rona. 46,000, Mantua, 34,000, Brescia, 20.000. | and Milan, 180,000, inhabitants; to which may 1 ; he added 30,000 foreigners in Venice and Milan, i It is calculated the transport, when completed, | will average 1,800 persons, 1 500 tons of goods, | and 1,000 tons of coals daily. No Mistake this time. —I.icut. Moore has resigned his commission in the U.S. Navy, which has been officially accepted. This accomplished young officer has received the post of Conunan der-in-Chief of the N’avy of Texas, and will, we learn, remain in this city for some time before entering upon his responsible duties. Texas will shortly h ive an efficient little fleet of capital built ships, which, under such experienced officers as Captains Moore, Tod, Arc. will make her wooden batteries tell, in the event of Santa Anna and Huslainente rashly resolving upon their mad scheme of re-invading the territories of the new Republic.— N Y. Star. The British Queen is 18C3 tons burthen build er’s measurement, and upwards of 2000 tons by custom house measurement. Her model is purely American, and with a wind—although we have had no opportunity of testing her—cannot, fail to make unusually rapid trips aerossthc Atlantic. She is more buoyant than was anticipated—that is her cargo, coal, provisions, passengers, &c. <tc„ did not sink her in the water as much as was anticipated; and in consequence, since the consumption of seven hundred ton of coal, water, and provisions, her paddle wheels have not taken sufficient hold of the water to propel her at a rate equivalent to the power of her engines. Bui this will be remedied by taking in full cargo of several hundred tons of iron ballast in New York previous to her sailing on the first of August jn company with the Croat Western. No effort will he spared to get her off on that day, and all Eng land arc on the t/ui vwe to ascertain which of the magnificent floating palaces, will make the quick est trip home. Large odds arc ollercd on the Queen. — N. Y. Courier A Enq. From the Southern Bonner. Ma. Editoh.—l send you the result of my experiment in the wheat cop, on upland, for the last three years; and you arc at liberty to publish it if you think proper. The first year I sowed 4 bushels of wheat on stalk land, and I raised 75 bushels of clean wheat. The next year I sowed 2 bushels on fallow ground, and raised lIH.J bushels of clean wheat; and last fall I sowed 4 bushels on a little more than 4 acres of fallow ground, and I raised 122 bushels of clean wheat. I broke the ground about 3 weeks before I sowed, I then ploughed in the wheat in the usual way, and lastly harrowed the ground to break theclods and level the surface. The wheat is known as the New Orleans Flint, ft is an early wheat, and bids defiance to cheat and eoekle. JESSE RAMI3O. Gwinnett county, Cla. Daily ? 4 iwspAPKii Laugh. —From the Phil adelphia Gazelle wo take the following faithful picture. Do not our readers pity us (his hot weather: “They who enjoy a newspaper, who find in the diversified abundance of its information; its various departments, that must he daily supplied from the passing records of many lands and na tions ; its words of paragraphs, news, and miscel laneous selections ; that which they are lost, os it were, unless they have it, can form but a limited idea of the pains taken for their entertainment.— ft is a task of the day to read some hundred news papers from all quarters of the country, to lake adequate note, as the weary eye runs up and down their interminable columns, what shall be taken ; to digest and abbreviate of useless length to dimensions which preserve the kernel, while the chaff goes by ; in line, to make a daily jour nal, which shall fulfil desire in others, and satisfy taste in all parties, provider and reepients— hoc labor, hie opus (si. The very case with which it seems to he done—and this is half the charm of a newspaper to intelligent minds—is the fruit of unremitting care and supervision. The jour nalist scats himself in his sanclum, “chained to the desk’s dull wood,” and write he must, write, read. mark, clip, condense, and toil at record, un til the insatiate sheet is full. His labor is “never ending, still beginning,” for no sooner is your number of to-day completed, reader, than gather ing for the morrow must begin.” From the Norfolk Beacon. Antidote for Itrd Hugs, Messrs. Editors—l learn from a medical gen tleman in this place, that the expressed juice of the green Tomato Vine is an effectual antidote to the pestiferous animal which I will persist in calling a Chinch in spite of the laughs and jeers of our Yankee brethren. The juice of (he vine can be introduced into lhe crevices of the bed stead by a feather. The experiment has been fairly tested, and seems a cleaner way of levying •war against these midnight disturbers of the pub lic peace, than the smearing of the bedstead with lard as recommended in an extract published in the Beacon. As this remedy has been satisfacto rily tested, it would be well to publish the fact pio bono publico, which, being translated, means for the bones of the public which are made quite sore under the attacks of the bed bug. OLD FIEDS. A Turkish vocabulary would boa very con venient thing for the reader of newspapers, and particularly at the present time, when Turkish affairs are brought into special notice. Many arc confused by the various terms which they find in the papers ; they read of the Ottoman Porte—the Sublime Porte—the Divan, &c., without gaining any very distinct ideas, and they either omit the oriental news as unintelligi ble or content themselves with a very superficial acquaintance with it. Some of our readers may perhaps be gratified with an explanation of sev eral of the terms in question although other will need no such information. We therefore turn hastily to several works of reference, and give the following. Sultan is the title of the Turkish despot. It is a word of Arabic origin signifying mighty. — The power of the Sultan is hereditary, and knows no limit except the precepts of the Koran, and no restraint except the fear of assassination.— The whole administration, civil, military and re ligious, is at bis disposal. Grand Seignor is an other title by which he is known. The title Padis hah also belongs to him, and is regarded in Tur key as highly honorable. The present Sultan is Mahmoud 11. Ottoman, the appellation given to the Turk ish empire, is derived from the name of its found er. Othman. Ottoman, or Osman. Ottoman Pouts, oh Sublime PonTE, is the name of the Turkish government. The word Porte, (Latin porta, a gale) was applied because this was the name given to the gate of the Sul tan’s palace. Divas, the name of the supreme councilor State. Its original signification is—a board, or low level. Its use therefore corresponds nearly with our use of Hoard for council. (■it and Vi/.I Kit. the prime minister of Slate. | On him devolves the actual authority. He ap- 1 points to all civil and military offices, puts to ■loath whom he pleases. The word v tier pro bably comes from the I atin video, to see. Mum. This is the title of the supreme judi- i cial officer, and interpreter of the Koran. His office cannot be compared with any in the go\- eminent ;of western Europe. His rank is next to that of the Grand Vizier if not superior. Rkis Effenui, the Secretary of Slate. The word effendi is of modern introduction, and is a corruption of a Greek worn signifying lord or mauler. It is often used as a term of respect. P.isnvw or na silAW', or pacha, the first be ing the most coirect. This is the governor of a Turkish province. He is appointed by the Sul tan or Vizier, and exercises great power, “rite most distinguished have three horsc-Wils carried before them; the inferior only two:” The capu dan (captaui) Pashaw is the high admiral. Messei.ma\ or Most-sr,signifies, in IhcTurk- I ish language, a true believer. — North Amcticun. “ If you have tears prepare to shed them now. ’ One third the onion crop in Rhode Island, accord ing to the Bristol Phcnix, is doomed to destruc tion, the “pulpy petals” having been corroded by the venomous tooth of some predatory tribe ol animalcules! Wat.i. Street.—The Mobile Register calls it the “thoroughfare of mushroon fortunes,” ••bro ken nabobs,” “gambling adventurers” and “fan cy stocks.” Warm this, but there is not a week in which some State of the Union is not there begging a favor, and grace. One of the biggest beggar is Alabama.— N. Y. Express. An Anti-Haiid Mover QuAitni'PEn. — A voracious steer at Richmond, New Hampshire, mouthed up and swallowed at one gulp a large handful of bank bills, ($150) which a person had laid for a moment on a log, near where the ‘•hannimal vos.” All the people then in the granite State are not enemies to rag money, it would appear. Superior Joiinnt Cake.—The Ladies An nual Register for 1839, says the following re ceipt will make a Johnny Cake fit for any aider man, mayor, editor, or other dignitary in the land : take one quart of milk, three eggs, one tea spoonful salacratus. one tea cup of wheat flour and Indian meal sufficient to make a batter of the consistency of pancakes. Bake quick, in pans previously buttered and eat warm, with cither butter or milk. The addition of wheat flour will be found to be a great improvement in the art of making these cakes. A Hum Head.—The Galena Democrat re lates the following instance of hard headedness on the part of a wagoner who was conveying a load of lead from that place to Mineral Point: He was seated on his wagon, when a gust of wind took olf his hat, the team continuing to move. In attempting to jump on the wagon, he missed his foothold and fell to the ground, when the foremost wheel passed over his head and arm. He then endeavored to extricate himcsclf, but not succeeding, the hindmost wheel also passed over his head. With some difficulty he managed to get in the wagon, and continued his journey to town. The wagon contained four thousand pounds of lead at least at the time. The injury the man received is severe, but not dangerous. In the Hooking Vally, Ohio, a well has been sunk to the great depth of six hundred feet, for the purpose ofobtaining salt water. The object of the enterprising individuals has been fully ac complished, a supply of water having been reach ed of a strength which requires but forty-three gallons to make a bushel of salt of fifty pounds. The water rises spontaneously to the surface, and flows at the rale of 4000 to 5000 gallons per day. This new well is in the vicinty of that owned and worked by Messrs. Ewing & Vinton for some years past,— Paulson’s American Ad vertiser. Three men have been arrested at New York, on the requisition of the Governor of Virginia, for abducting a slave from Norfolk. The slave was brought in a schooner, and has been recov ered.—Neiv-York Star. Shaving in Spain.—An Irish gentleman travelling through Spain, went into a barber’s shop to get shaved. The man of foam with great obsequiousness placed his customer on the chair, and commenced operations by spitting on the soap, and rubbing it over the gentleman's lone, ‘ Blood an’ oons!” was the litigant remark of the Irishman, “is that the way you shave a gin llemanl” at the same time preparing in bis wrath to overturn the wig minister. “It is the way we shave a gentleman, Scnhor.” “Then how do you shave a poor man I” “We spit on his face and rub the soap over that" was the Spaniard’s reply. “Oh, then, if I renumber no thing else but the one thing, it’ll be the Spanish barber’s distinction and so saying, the Hiber nian rose, paid the demand, and departed. Consignees per South Carolina Rail Road. Hamburg, August 5, 1839. Mrs. Sera-, Stovall, Simmons & Co.; F. Lamback; Hungerford, Krisbie & Co.; Stovall & Simmons, Antony & Haines; Clarke, McTcir & Co ; Reese & Beall; Perritt & Taylor; Jelfers & Boulware' l Anderson & Young; George Parrott; G. F. Dickson & Co.; J. F. Benson; Sullivan. MARINE INTELLIGENCE. Charleston, August 5. Arrived on Saturday —Brig John C. Calhoun, Bullcn, Havana; brig Catharine, Rose, Havana. At Quarantine —Schr Delight, Brown, New Or leans. Cleared —Br barque John Anderson, Miller, Halifax and St Johns. THE AMERICAN SILK GROWER AND FARMER’S MANUAL —-A monthly publication designed toextend and encourage the growth of Silk throughout the United States. Edited by Ward Cheney and Brothers, Burlington, N. J., and pub lished in Philadelphia, at the low price of One Dollar a year. Subscriptions received at this office. aj fry NOTICE. —The Rail Road Passenger Train, between Charleston and Hamburg, will leave as follows: — UPWARD. Not to leave Charleston before 7 00 a m. “ “ Summerville, “ - -8 30 “ “ Georges’, - “ - 10 00 “ “ Branchville, “ - 11 00 “ “ Midway, - “ - 11 30 m. < “ Blackville, - “ -100 p. m. “ “ Aiken, - - “ . 300 Arrive at Hamburg not before - 400 DOWNWARD. Not to leave Hamburg before 6 00 a.m. “ “ Aiken, - “ - - 730 “ “ Blackville, “ - • 930 “ “ Midway, “ - - 10 30 “ “ Brancbville, “ - - 11 00 “ “ Georges’, “ - - 12 00 m. “ “ Summerville,“ - - 2 00p. m. Arrive at Charleston not before 300 Distance —13ti miles. Fare Through—slo 00. Speed not over 20 miles an hour. To remain 20 minutes each, for breakfast and dinner, and not longer than 3 minutes for wood and water at any . station. To stop for passengers, when a white flag is hoisted, at either of the above stations; and also at Sineaths, Woodstock, Inabinet’s, 41 mile T. ()., Hives’, Grahams, Willcston, Windsor, Johnsons! and Marsh’s T. 0. . Passengers up will breakfast at Woodstock and dine at Blackville; down, will breakfast at Aiken and dine at Summerville. may 21 f.'T* AUGUSTA THEATRE. —The subscriber having again become t!ic lessee of the Augusta Theatre, has the honor most respectfully to inform the holies and gentlemen of Augusta, that he will commence his dramatic season early in October i next It is liis intention to present a company, possessing the highest order of histronic talent. The management of the theatre, will devolve per sonally upon the lessee, and every exertion will be made to merit a continuance of the patronage, which was so liberally bestowed during his former management. WILLIAM C. FORBES. aug3 ddt&trwlm (£/■*RESIDENT DENTIST. .—Dr. Munrok’s operating rooms, second door from Broad trect, on Mclntosh-st., opposite the Constitutionalist otllce march 13 A REAL BLESSING TO MOTHERS. DR W. EVANS’ C ELEIIIIATED SOOTHING SYRUP, for Children Cutting their Teeth.— This infallible remedy has preserved hundreds of chil dren, when thought past recovery, from convul sions. As soon as the Syrup is rubbed on the gums, the child will recover. The preparation is so innocent, so efficacious and so pleasant, that no child will refuse to let its uums be rubbed with it. When infants arc at the age of four months, though , there is no appearance of teeth, one bottle of the > Syrup should be used on the gums, to open the pores. Parents should never be without the Syrup in the nursery where there are young children; for if a child wakes in the night with pain in the gums, the Syrup immediately gives case, by opening the pores and healing the gums; thereby preventing convulsions, fevers, &c. Sold only at Dr. IVm. Keans'Medical Office, 100 Chatham street, New York, where the Doctor may be consulted on all diseases of children. V PROOF POSITIVE OF THE EFFICACY OF Dr. EVANS’ SOOTHING SYRUP.—To the Agent of Dr. Evans’ Soothing Syrup: Dear Sir—The great benefit afforded to my suffering infant by your Soothing Syrup, in a case of protracted and painful dentition, must convince every feeling pa rent how essential an early application of such an invaluable medicine is to relieve infant misery and torture. My infant, when teething, experienced such acute sufferings, that it was attacked witq convulsions, and my wife and family supposed that death would soon release the babe from anguish, till we procured a bottle of your Syrup; which as soon as applied to the gums, a wonderful change was produced, and after a few applications the child displayed obvious relief, and by continuing in its use, I am glad to inform you the child has com pletely recovered, and no recurrence of that awful complaint has since occurred; the teeth arc ema nating daily and the child enjoys perfect health. I give you my cheerful permission to make this acknowledgment public, and will gladly give any information on this circumsti nee. WM. JOHNSON. TONIC PILLS. —The power of Evans ’ Comcmile Pills arc such, that the palpitating heart, the trem ulous hand,the dizzy eye, and the fluttering mind, vanish before their effects like noxious vapors be fore the benign influence of the morning sun.— They have long been successfully used for the cure of in tesmittents, together with fevers of the irregu lai?nervous kind, accompanied with visccra.l. ob structions. This tonic medicine is for nervous complaints, *• general debility, indigestion and its consequences, as want of eppclite, distension of the stomach, acid ity, unpleasant taste in the mouth, rumbling noise in the bowels, nervous symptoms, languor, when the mind becomes irritable,desponding, thoughtful, melancholy, and dejected. Hypochondriacism, con , sumption, dimness of sight, delirium, and all other . ‘ngr.vous affections, these pills will produce a safe I and permanent cure. J Evans’ Camomile Pills were first introduced intja A America in 1535. 1 EVANS’ FAMILY APERIENT PILLS are | purely vegetable, composed with the strictest pre cision of science and of art; they never produce nausea, and arc warranted to cure the following diseases which arise from impurities of the blood, viz:— Apoplexy , Bilious Affections, Coughs, Colds, Ulcerated Sore Throats, Scarlet Fever, Asthma, Cho lera, Liver Complaints, Diseases of the Kidnies and Bladder, Affections peculiar to Females, and all tho°e diseases of wl atsoever kind to which human nature is subject, where the stomach is affected. More conclusive proofs of the extraordinary effi cacy of Dr. IVm, Evans’ celebrated Camomile and Aperient Anti-Bilums Pills, in alleviating afflicted mankind. —Mr. Robert Cameron, 101 Bowery.— Disease —Chronic Dysentery, or Bloody Flug — Symptoms, unusual flatulency in the bowels, se vere griping, frequent inclination to go to stooi tu nusmus, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fre quency of pulse, and a frequent discharge of a pe culiar foetid mattermixed with blood, great debility, sense of burning heat, with an intolerable bearing down of the parts. Mr. Cameron is enjoying per fect health, and returns his sincere thanks for the extraordinary benefits he has received. Sold by ANTONY & HAINES, Sole agents in Augusta, .1. M.& T. M. TURNER,Savannah, P. M. COHEN & Co., Charleston, SHARP A ELLS, Millcdgcvillc, C. A. ELLS, Macon, A. VV. MARTIN,Forsyth, Wm. B. WELLS, Druggist, Athens, MARK A. LANE, Washington. July 23 try BENEVOLENT SOCIETY, for the benefit of the Sick Poor of Augusta and its vicinity. The Visiting Committees for the ensuing month aie as follows: Division No. I.—Wm. Thompson, Wm. H. Oak man, Mrs. Mantz, and Mrs Leon. Division No. 2. —Rev. C. W, Key, Mr. J. M. Newby, Mrs. J. W. Stoy, Miss E. Morrison. Division No. 3. —Robert McCallistcr, Jas. Pis ton, Mrs. E. Heard, Mrs J. C. Snead. An.v member of the committees may obtain funds by calling on the President, (W. W. Holt, Esq.) at his olliee,Cuinming’s Piaza. july 24 C. F. BTURGES, Secretary. A CARD, THE subscribers having turned their attention to Cutting and Retailing Goods, beg leave to inform the public that they have returned from the northern cities with a large stock, consisting of American, British, French, and all stvlcs of FASIIIONALE DRY GOODS, both Staple and Fancy, which they will sell for cash or approved credit, as low if not a shade lower, than can be purchased iu any other establishment in this city. Those in want will do well to call and examine our stock before purchasing elsewhere. HUNGERFORD, FRISBIE & Co. B: oad-st. opposite the ruins of Planters’ Hotel, mar 22 ts lOST. —A new black silk UMBRELLA, which J the owner purchased for his oipn use. T?!? 1 head is split and tied together with a string, and his name marked, though indistinctly, upon the top. The finder will be rewarded by leaving it at this office. ts june 29 EDUCATION. —The time of his vacation being | ended, the exercises of Mr. Mahoney’s school, wiii commence on Monday the 29th instant. Hr solicits a share of public patronage, and feels thank ful for that already given him. ts july 27 (fy The Constitutionalist will please give the above two insertions. 4 GOLD WATCH LOST. —The undersigned J\. had taken, a dout lebottomed case Gold Lever Watch, M. J. Tobias & Co., Liverpool, No. 14231, with Gold Curb Fob Chain, two strand and a small Seal Key from him, which he will give a suitable reward to any' person detecting it. ap 27 ts E. B. BEALL./ IKMONS. —30 boxes Lemons, in handsome or- J der, fsr sale by W. E. & J. U. JACKSON, may 28 Auctioneers. A VALUABLE CARRIAGE DRIVErTwHo can be recommended in the big lest terms for 4 honesty, sobriety and industry, and who is nl>n i i a Barber and good House Servant, for sale bv ANTONY A HAINES jnly 9 ts 232 Broad-street. 17V)R SALE—A t'crtificate entitling the holder _ to a Course of Lectures in the New York Re formed Medical College. For further particulars apply at this office, ts july IS