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TWENTY-FOfUTH CONGRESS', SECOND SESSION. A Kill It aocnre freedom of Eltninnt. WtafWi complaints are made that officer* of the United States, or persons holding offices and employments under the authority of the same, other than the heads of the chief Execn tivti Departments, or such officers as stand in the relation of constitutional advisers of the President, have been removed from office, or dismissed from their employment, upon politi cal grounds or for opinion’s sake; and w here as, such a practice is minifestly a violation of the freedom of elections an attack upon the public liberty, and a high misdemeanor; and Whereas-complainls ace also made that of freer* of the United States or persons holding offices or employments und *r the authority of the same, are in the habit of intermeddling in elections, both State and federal, otherwise than by g : ving their votes; and whereas, such a practice is a violation of the freedom of elec tions and » gross abuse, which ought to be discountenanced by the appointing power, and prohibited by law ; and Whereas, complaints arc also made that, pending the late election of President and Vice President of the United States, offices and employments were distributed and confer red, in many instances, under circumstances •Hording* strong presumption of corruption, or that they were conferred asthc inducements to, or the reward of, influence employed, or to be employed, in said election ; and whereas, such a practice, in the administration of the patronage of the Government, will speed ly destroy the purity and freedom of the elective franchise, and undermine the free system of Government now happily established in these United Males, therefore, to prevent the recur rence of any practices which may give rise to similar com plaints in future. See. 1: Be it enacted He. That, from an I sfrertlsc fourth d»\ of Marcli, one thousand eight hundred and thirty seven, no officer, a g tit, or contractor, or oltur person, holding a office or employment of trust or profit, •i rid :r the (,'onsti ution and laws of the United States, shall by the contribution of money, or other valuable tiling, or by the use of the (V lik ing privilege, or the abuse of any other official privilege or function, or by tl.r< at* and men aces, or in any other manner, intermeddle with the election of any member or members ofeilhcr House of Congress, or of the Presi dent or Vioc President of the United Stales, or of the Governor, or other officer of any Stale, or of any member or members of the Legislature of any State ; and every such of ficer or oth r person, offending therein, shall be held l» be guilty of a blgli misdemeanor, and, upon conviction in any court of the Uni el Status having jurisdiction thereof, shall pay a lino not exceeding one thousand dollars; anil any oflloevollier than the President, Vice Pres ident, and judges of any of the courts of the United States, so convicted, shall be, thereup on, removed from office, and shall he, everaf ter, incapable of holding any office or place of trust under (he authority of the United Slates: Provided, That nothing herein contained shall he so construed as to interfere with the rights of suffrage as secured by the Constitution: Jlnd provided further, That nothing herein contain ed shall so operate as to prevent the President, or Ihe head of any department, who is invest ed by law with the power of appointing infer ior officers, from removing from office, at anv tiin ■, any incumbent, who the -President or the head of a department, as the case may be, shall be satisfied has intermeddled in any elec tion, Slate or Federal, See. 2. Ailbe it further tll 'led, That, from and after the fourth day of March, 1837, no officer who, by the Constitution and laws ofthe United Slates,, is authorized to appoint, or nominate and appoint, any officer or agent of the Government, shall, by himself, or by any other person or persons in his behalf, give, or procure to he given, or promise to give, or procure to he given, any office, place, oe em ployment to any person or persons whatsoev er,with intent to corrupt or bribe him or them, or upon any agreement that such person or persons to whom, for or whose use, or on whose behalf, such gift or promise shall be made, shall exert his or their influence in r.ny election, or by himself or themselves, or by any other person or persons, at his or their solicitation, endeavor to secure the election of * any person or persons to represent any State, or any district in any State, in Congress, or of any person to be President or Vice President ofthe United States, or of any person to be Governor or other officer of aiiy Slate, or of any person or persons to be a mttuicr or mem bers of the Legislature of any State . and eve ry such officer offending therein shall he held to be guilty of a high misdemeanor, and, up on conviction in any court ofthe United Slates having jurisdiction thereof, shall pay a line not exceeding five thousand dollars ; and any officer other than the President, or the judg es of any ofthe courts ofthe United Slates, so convicted, shall be thereupon removed from office, ami shall be incapable ever after of holding any office or place oftrust under the authority of the United States ; and every person who shall receive or accc •(, by himself, or by any other person or persons, lor or in b'halfofsuch person, any office, place, or em ployment, with Ihe intent aforesaid, shall be held to be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction in any court of the U. S. having inn-deton thereof, shall pay a fine not ex c-e ling one thousand doll rs, be removed or dismiss: d from such office, place, or employ me i , and - lull be incapable ever afler of hold ing anv office or place of trust under the an t'.i v nf' ie U. S ./■: / ■ firth: r enabled. That the ■- it: ,-i by this act shall, when ; - ;!■> the Treasury as other 1 - 1-: . 0.-gme- to the U. S. '■i ti ■ -si 1 In asking leave of the iv luce his bill, he was actuated *>' ■ ■ - - v i-eh. he thought, would be more | ' ■ garded by the House than any j ‘■li,, . could ariie from any design on his pelt • l-i reek- ; i opportunity for effect, here or else- 1 where, tridi: g oritnpo I nt, to make an argu- ! Went, or to address a speech, cither lo in s House orto the country. He had submitted i this motion with the purpose of making an ap- j jie d to the House, and, so far as his humble j abilities would enable him, lo the country, | temperately, seriously, but earnestly, on tile 1 importance of local enactments in relation to | the abuses comp!, inedot in the preamble to the bill. He admitted the obligation of evert i gentleman of honor on this floor, when he I b.- .ugut forward a proposition, containing ! tvn it might be considered charges of so serf- [ ous a ia ure as those set forth on this occasion, to take care that those charges are not unfund- | yd in fact ; so that he may not be subjected to | the imputation of introducing them fur effect 1 j or for the low purposes of party, or to gratify | any unworthy feeling, wnich should never find j an entrance l ore. In this respect (Mr. H. said) be felt that he j stood on a sure foundation. And in relation I to the charges, express or implied, which might be found in this preamble, he was pre pared to prove, to the satisfaction of every im partial mind in every section of the Union, the tenth of those charges : and he now challeng ed an opportunity to make that proof, and in the name and under the authority of this House, to the satisfaction of the whole nation. in relation to some of the charges contain ed in the preamble, he could scarcely suppose that he could he called upon, from any quar ter, for proof—those charges which had reler enceto the removal from office for opinion’s afc sake, or upon grounds purely political. At all mfr events, gentlemen from certain sections ofthe Union (,he did not allude particularly to the South,) lie wis s-ire would not* calf for any proof. 15 it, as be was aware that, in some sec tions of the Union, il was denied that these re movals had taken place under the present Ad ministration, he might recur to this point at a future period. Next, as to the charge tiiat federal officers, from the highest to the lowest in authority and denomination, had interfered in elections, and na ire especially in the late election for the Pres ident and Vice President ofthe U. S., indus triously, actively, oienly, he presumed no gentleman h.*re was prepared to deny it. lie did not aay that this interference w&e immor al though he might say it had been general. There sverr none ofthe charge*then which . were glanced at in the preamble on which he i could, on any plausible ground*, be called up i on for proof, except only the one which related - to the d'atribulion of the public offices as the . wages of political tergivisation—as the reward i for party service*, upon contract* either ex . pressed,nor understood, or clearly implied. In • insinuating such a charge, he was well aware of the responsibility which he assumed ; lit knew the responsibility which must attach to ■ any gentleman in this Home,or in this country, wlicn he undertook seriously to support such charges. He knew the difficulty of making proof of such charges, especially where there was so much power, and influence, and intimi dation on Ihe one hand, arrayed against so much weakness and want of influence on the other. He was aware how very difficult it was even in communities and Stales, where a crime was known by circumstantial evidence to ex ist, fertile accusers, even v/ith bit fact upon the proof, to bring it home by direct evidence to the door of the accused. These responsibili ties and difficulties he bad fully considered; and yet, with all of them standing in all their threatning influence before him, be here seri ously and solemnly re-affirmed the truth of this charge. Let him not be misunderstood a* lo the extent or nature ofthe charge. He was not so illiberal in his principles, so rigid and puritanical in his feelings, as to infer a bad mo tive or corruption when appointments lo office were made from among the number of politi cal friends, or even when appointment* were given to active political partisans in a Presi dential contest. He knew that vacancies in office must be filled ; the public service de manded it, and no patriot could find fault. He would never complain when appointments were made among political friends exclusively, if the appointees were only honest and capable: but when an appointment was made from a mongtbe opponents of the Administration, and the appointee change* bis policy,and becomes a violent assailant of the candidate whom lie once bad supported ; when, as a reward for bis con version to a now political creed, an individual receives an office, and, from being an oppo nent ofthe Administration, becomes one of its most zealous adherents ; these were cimim slmccs which, lo Mr. 15.’s mind, were conclu sive on the question of corruption. This was the highest evidence of which the nature of the transaction would admit. Mr. 15. stated lie had now said enough on opening this point, and that lie might refer to it again At this point of Mr. It's, remarks, (he House, on motion of Afr. VANDEUPOOL, passed to the Orders of the Day. TntmDAT, January ’J6. FREEDOM OF ELECTIONS. The unfinished business of the morning hour was tho motion, submitted yesterday by Mr. Bkm., for I ;nvo to bring In a bill to *o cure tho freedom of elections. Mr. BELL continued hit* remarks. lie said that, at the time his remarks were arres ted, yesterday, hy the motion to proceed to the orders of tho day, lie hud been making such statements as lo the charges, alleged or im plied, in the preamble to the bill, as he thought would ho sufficient on the mere opening of the subject. He thought, however, ho had said enough to satisfy the House that ho had not brought the measure forward on vague or idle grounds Considering therefore, that these charges must he fairly taken to bo well founded, he would at once make an appeal to the members of tho House, whether the char ges are not of sufficient importance ; whether the subject was not intrinsically of such mag nitude as to demand an immodiata investiga lipn of the questions presented in the bill; and whether the session was to be allowed to pass away without some determination man ifested hy tho House in relation to them. Notwithstanding the tone ofcoiifidencc which he had assumed, ho knew that there were gentlemen in this House who would probably iindertaku to justify some of the principles of the proceedings which he had thought proper to arraign as abuses. But he had, also, the satisfaction of knowing, from his experience and observation amongst individual members of tbo House, that there was a very respecla slo portion of gentlemen, connected with the party now in power, who did not approve of the principle which some of their political opponents would defend mid justify. And, upon this ground, he expected, in the course of his remarks, to have the patient and the favorable ear of at least a portion of those who arrayed themselves under the standard of the parly in power. But, as ho had appealed to the patriotism ofthe House for immediate action on this sub ject, he wished to answer an objection which might he made as to time, lie knew that many gentlemen would say that the session was too near its close, and that there was such a mass of private and public business awaiting the action of the House, that this bill could not bo taken up. It. might be fur ther alleged that the House had before the man entire Presidential term to settle questions of this ‘nature, before the recurrence of another election. But il was precisely because he regarded the present ns the only period likely to present itself, at which it. was possible the subject could receive a d spass ouate examina tion and decision ; it was because ho knew, from Ins experience of tho country, at how , early a period Ihe excitement attending a can vass lor another Presidential election would i interpose to set)lo tho impartial judgment of j the House, that h had felt convinced of the I propriety of bringing the subject before the I House at as early a day as, under its rules and | orders, lie would he enabled to do. | But there was another consideration, in ad | dilion to the magnitude ot the question itself, | winch demanded ilmt a decision should be had |at this time. It should be remembered, ihat I the canvass and election in which all these a ) liiihes bad been carried on, and which had j erealeJ a very general interest, had just pass |cd away. The abuses were yet fresh in the i recollection of she People, and Ihe (Amstitu | tion of the country, where it had been viola i tod, was yet bleeding freshly before their I eyes, if apathy and Jiiditlerence were now | siiifered to take the place of that excitement | and healthful perception of abuses and injury j to the spirit of the Constitution which now j pervaded ihe minds of the People, tho subject I would not again bo heard of. No member of i the House would again have it i.n his power j lo present it, or to create interest in the House ior the country about it. The consequence j would be, that the period of another election ! would toll round, when every evil, now com ! plained of, would bo multiplied, and every »■ I buse aggravated. | But there was another reason. A new Ad ministration was about to commence. That Administration was not committed, in prac tice, to the principle ot these abuses, it he might call that a principle which lay at the bottom of any of them. This bill, therefore, could not bo looked upon its an attack or as sault on that coining Administration ; and be, for one, would beg leave to state here that it should be Ids study, ns an individual member of the House, and as a citizen ofthe republic, to forget, so far as possible, what he consider ed to be the irregular means which had been employed lo bring the present Administration into power; and lie would, in every instance, give to iis measures that impartial considera tion which they ought to receive. He was the mure disposed to do this from the convic tion which he tell that, unless the elements of opposition, as they now existed, should he considerably changed, unless there should be a recasting of parties, any systematic opposi tion to the new Administration would bo un availing and fruitless. He thought it must have struck every Intel , ligent and impartial spectator and observer of the course of things in tins country that, whatever might be the cause, there was some malignant duo asc or distemper affect ing doep- • ly ouf political institutions. lie knew that, under , all former Administrations, there had j i been much parly excitement, »nd a great deal i of crimination and recrimination, charges ot gross abuses a»d mfractioas ot the Constilu- I tion, violent invective and person*! dcnuncia. lion ; yet, he weuld ask if there were not par- I ticulsr features m the present political condi ’ tion of the country, in the action of the Feder ' al Government, which had been unknown at any previous period since its foundation 1 ! Was be not justified in saying that a new ' character was rapidly attaching itself to our political institutions? Was he not warrant ed in saying that existence had been given to new theories in relation lo the ultimate desti ny of this confederated republic ? He did not intend lo go into details but he would call the attention olThe House for a moment to some of the connections and parallels in relation to these newly-developed theories, rather than go into a minute investigation of the causes of them. He did not know what conclusions other gentlemen had formed, but ho was himself of opinion that, whatever new theories might have been formed in relation to government there w»n an old theory which, of late, had re -1 ceived considerable accession in proof, and ' that was, that power was never so rapidly and 1 so fatally concentrating itself, and becoming absolute in particular bands, as when it was used in the name ofthe People. He conten ded that recent experience had demonstrated that the proper divisions of the powers of the Government had been found insufficient, in practice and in fact, to prevent, not the legal and constitutional, but the actual concentra tion of all powers in one branch of the Gov ernment. A few yearn ago it had been remarked by a distinguished gentleman, thaljpi revolution hitherto bloodless had heen commenced in this country, the tendency of which wns to concentrate all powers in the hands of one man. The remark did not at the time receive Ihe consideration it deserved. The truth of that observation was now too obvious. A re volution had not only heen commenced, but, in some souse, find been actually accotnpl'sh ed. Ho (Mr. B ) had been long enough in this House, & had made his annual travel here too ollen not to know that a great change had taken place in public sentiment. When our fellow-citizens mid distinguished foreign ers inquire into the course of policy contem plated by the Government of the United A tales, did they, as formerly, inquire what Congress would do ? What, the House of Representatives would do! What the Semite would do, on any question of groat national interest! Those were once the inquiries, and members of Congress once assembled hero under the conviction that each one would have a voice of his own in tho disposition of the public affairs. How was the fact now! He put it to the candor of this House to say if such was the fact at this time! The inquiry was not what the House, or the Senate, or Congress would do but wlmt would the Presi dent do! What would the Executive do? What would General Jackson do! Ho (Mr. B) would not however proceed any further on this topic, except to remark that this single inci dent was sufficient lo mark the transition of this Government from being a Government of the People to being in fact ami in point of practical opertaion tho Government of a poli cal chieftain. It was no longer a Government of the three co-ordinate branches, each acting according lo the Constitution, as a check upon the oilier; il was in substance, in fact and in truth, a Government of one depart ment or head, and, ho regretted (o say with so much truth, that that head was merely the head of n parly. Recently, however, there had been an il luatrious exception to tho power of that de partment, which he had no doubt, would at once rise up to the recollection ot the inem , hors of tho House. He alluded to the cele brated deposite hill ofthe last session of Con gress; and he would, for a moment, call the attention of the House to the circumstances under which it was passed. This was the only instance for the last two or three years in which, where Executive influence had been exerted, Congress had acted on its own independence. That bill, bo it remembered, passed by opposing patronage against pat ronage, money against money, corruption against corruption. Tho People of the .State* were excited to desire and demandifrom their Representatives in Congress a division at least of that portion of the spoils of party which, theretofore, had been employed gener ally, not on individuals, but upon districts, States, und whole sections of the Union. This was the only way under the sun in which it was possible to resist tho manifest determination of those in power to secure to them the largo surplus in the Treasury in ad dition to the other spoils of power. What was the effect l The moment it was seen that the money wns about to slip from their grasp, what did we sec 1 A gentleman from North Carolina was immediately on his legs, with a proposition to reduce the revenue of the country to the wants of the Government. There were morn patriots sprung up in one moment than had been seen ibrytrars, and the whole parly seemed ready instantly to find out some means by which to reduce the re venue to the wants ofthe Government. Mr. B. was then proceeding to remark on . Ihe change which the opinions ofthe Presi dent had undergone in relation to disturbing the principles ofthe compromise bill; When, on motion of Mr. CAMBRELENG, the Mouse passed to the Orders ot the Day. CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL. iiiHixn. <6 TUursduy Evening:, Feb. g, 18:57. HEALTH OF AUGUSTA. Our City Sexton reports the interment of thir ty-three persons during the month ending 31st ult. —l7 whiles and 16 black ami colored. The communication of “Justice” was received for yesterdays paper, but at an hour 100 late for insertion, Tbo writer handles our neighbor ■ Guicu vvitb considerable asperity. Os the cor rectness of his remarks in relation to the Banks of this city, we know nothing, and therefore have no feelings on the subject. We presume that Mr. Guicu will not notice the communication, as he ia 100 deeply and busily engaged in writing articles on the subject of Bishop's appointment, which he has just heard of for the first time! In our remarks sometime since, on the subject of the transfer ofthe stock of the Insurance Bank of Columbus to Nicholas Biddle, we spoke of the Insurance and Trust Company of this place as having purchased half the Mock ofthe Mechanic's Bank, for the purpose of exercising Banking pri vileges, which had heen refused to them hy the Legislature. Wo were in error—the Trust Com pany will have no voice or control whatever in tire rleclkm of officers, or in the management of the Banking operations of the Mechanic’s. This was one of the terms of the contract for the pur chase of the slock. FOR TK* CRKOXICI.It SRI! SKNTtXEf.. Mr. Guicu it seenn, for a considerable length •f time, has been under the operation of a Bank fever, mxl judging from his article of yesterday morning, one would suppose that ho is fast verg ing towards Bank madness. It is amusing to | see, to what absurdities he hits resorted in the course of hit m daily. At first he threatened those individual* who might become director* in j th* Branch of the Insurance Dank of Columbus, contemplated to he established in this city, with a bold attack of CAPITA!, LETTERS—their namea would be placed at the head of his journal in bold relief, from day to day, to arouse the in dignation of the community ; and these poor fol low* would be overwhelmed by an insulted and outraged people. Finding that he made few proselyte* beyond the Bank parlors of 1 our city, he has, either from his own resources and knowledge of war, or the advice of the "potter behind the throne changed his mode of warfare. He now warns that Institution to keep within the limits of its charier, or it will be taken away. I would advise this organ of the JDanht and the Danko themselves, to be careful how they agitato this question of violated ciiahtkrs !! Let them once set that ball in , motion, and they will see, when it it too late, • that they have raised a tempest which will de rraor friends as well as foes. If Banks hold their existence by a rigid adherence to the very letter of their charters, I hazard the opinion, that there is not a single Bank in the city but what has violated ill charier, and with an “ UN. PACKED JURY,” it could ba made manifest that their rights and franchises arc gone. What right have they by their charters to place largo amountaof money in the hands of agents in other Stale t, with which they purchase paper at usn riout rate » of interest. Do they not frequently compel persons having paper discounted, to lake checks on distant places, and charging for such checks high rates of premium* 1 This is fre quently the basis of their discounts, and taken in connexion is usury, and in exacting usury they violate their charters. It has been so decided in Massachusetts, and on that ground alone, Banks there have been deprived of their charters. Mr. Guicu makes considerable pretensions in his editorial career, to independence and fair nett, and all that sort of thing, but he has always kept back his vouchers. For the purpose of showing his fearlessness and independence of cha racter, I would call his attention to some resolu tions passed in 1834, in the parlor of the “ PET” in this city, whose acts ho so frequently applauds- Those celebrated resolutions areas follows: “ Resolved, That the account of any person or firm dealing in exchange, who shall draw spe cie directly or indirectly from any hank in this city, when such persons or firm can obtain funds on the North, or on Charleston, S. C., at a premium of not more than one half per cent., or funds on Savannah at a premium of not more than one fourth of one. per cent., shall bo stopped at all the Banks of thocily as soon as the General Com mittee shall be satisfied of the fact. And when the account of any person or firm •lull have been closed under this resolution, no tice thereof shall be given by the Secretary of this Committee to the several Banks of Georgia; and if after such notice, cither of said Hanks shall alTord the said person or firm facilities for making specie calls upon cither of the Banks of Augusta, the latter will from that time require specie settlements from the Bank or Banks afford ing such facilities.” Here is* direct interference with the legal rights of our citizens by corporations. They not only put our merchants under the ban ; but they under took to destroy their credit with other Banks. I challenge Mr. Guicu to point to any act of the United Slates Banks, which equals in any de gree this high handed and outragons proceed ing of hit darling “ PETS,” in this city. His tilence at the time, proves that ho is a complete tlave to the Banks and their measures, and all hi* senseless attacks on Mr. Biddle, and the In surance Bank of Columbus, are nothing but the vapor and spleen which emanates from the Bank junto of the city, to whom it would see**, like Esau of old, ho has sold his birthright and inhe ritance, Jcstice. FOB THE CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL THE INDEPENDENCE OF TEXAS •UOHT TO BE ACKXOWttUtIED BT THE U. S. A piece is going the rounds of the gazettes, which is stated to have come from the pen of a veteran in war and law, in"which the writer un dertakes to show from the Constitution of Mexi co, and the situation of Santa Anna, that no trea ty or stipulation made by him would bo binding upon that government: and so far the views of the writer are sound enough, and satisfactory enough. But he does not stop here. He draws a conclusion from his reasoning which is both un sound and deceptive—to wit: that the United Stales should not only refuse to recogizo the in dependence of Texas, but should listen to no sug -1 geslions of Santa Anna which go to encourage | such a recognition. Now however reverend this writer may be in war and law, he is certainly hut a tiro in logic. What connexion is there between i the competency of a prisoner to make binding • treaties, and the right of the capturing nation to ' be recognised ns independent I It is true indeed, thatifSanta Anna could hind his country by trea ty, his stipulations acknowledging the indepen -1 donee of Texas, would ipto facto make her so, beyond all doubt or cavil—no nation under heav . on could hesitate a moment afterwards, in ac knowledging her independence: but the converse A ... ■ of the proposition is not equally true. \V hat are ■ the great leading principles which should govern a nation in recognizing a revolutionary people as • independent 1 These, ami these only, I take it .• First, They should have assumed the attri butes of u state or nation—that is, they should j have formed a government. Secondly, Their situation should he such as to make it improbable that they will ever bo sub dued by the parent State, or subdued within a de finite period of time. Texas has established a government. She can j now speak as a nation, act as a nation, and treat as a nation. She can giant privileges to foreign nations; she can claim them in her social or cor porate character from other nations. And how does her position correspond with the second principle laid down 7 t She has immolated the Mexican army sent t against her,and in the person of Santa Anna, taken c prisoner the leader of the army, and the great 3 executive head of the Mexican government. The s shattered remains of that army have been ordered . by the royal prisoner (whether through policy or , fear, I care not a groat for the purposes of this ur - gument,) out of the Texian dominions, and they i have obeyed. Months have rolled away, and no f other army has been brought against them. The s laic executive of Mexico is, at this moment, be . speaking the interposition of the President of the United States, to bring the war to a close. The capture of Santa Anna has literally dissolved the Mexican government. The Government which i now declares him an outlaw, is not the Govcrn t meat against which Texas rebelled. Its features f are changed—its character —its elements are ra - dicnlly changed. Its present foim is not as old a a* the Texian government. An expelled rene s gade is now at its head; who if no more sue -1 cessful than Santa Ana, will he declared by his people eqntflly incompetent to treat or stipulate for them. * In such'4 position, does not Texas present tlie the highest claims to independence that any peo ple ever did on earth, who were in an actual hos tility with a parent country 1 It is likely (potsi blc is not the question) is it likely, that she will bo ever subdued by Mexico! If sp, when 1 We hear of Bustaraente’s (6,000 troops it is true; and before Santa Ana’s invasion, we beard of his 16,000 troops also ; hut they could never be got into Texas. Nor will Bustamente’e my word for it; or if they shall be, half of them will perish by famine before they ever get out again. But suppose they go, is Texas then conquered I No; she will not face an overwhelming force. She will retreat until a favorable opportunity offers for cutting them up in detail. A retreat is not a de feat as Washington’s movements just before the battle of Trenton, and Houston’s before the bat tle of St. Jacinto, prove. And when is the war to end 7 when, to end, in the conquest of Texas 1 What, if Santa Anna is incapable of entering into a treaty—what, if he cannot represent Mexi co at Washington City 7 Is it nothing to the claims of Texas, that she has actually disrobed him of his majesterial authority ! Is not her si tuation politically considered, like that of Buona parte, dictating terms to the Emperor of Austria, at or near bis own capital,—or like the same Ge neral ordering the King of Spain from post to pillar, like a menial servant! It was just about this time, that our American Ministers, with Chief Justice Marshall at their head, were bow ing and scraping to the Citizen Directory of France—a bloody trio, just risen, unfledged, from the gore of the revolution. “ But let us not he too hasty,” it is said, “ let us wait another campaign,” “ the war has not been carried on long enouglv as yet.” Now to my mind, this is outrageous injustice to Texas. It is testing her right to a place among nations, by the length of her struggle, and not by their suc cess. If she were now actually carrying,the war into the enemy’s country —if she were actually investing the city of Mexico, would any one in his senses, refuse to recognize her independence bocau e she had not warred long enough as yet 7 Why not 7 Simply because her struggle would then he the obvious measure of her claims, and not the time of her warfare. And why not now 7 Did wc refuse to recognise the present dynasty of France because it was established on a three rfays revolution. “But may it not involve us in difficulties 7” I answer it ought not; and that is as far as I look in a question of this kind. I fear no consequences when I act upon principle —I believe none are to bo feared. But this is turning the question into one of policy, and if policy, and not right, is to bo the test, then every Southern man should cry out with one voice for the recognition. Its importance to the South all must see; but I put policy out of the question, at least so far as wo would be the gainers by it. But whence are the difficulties to come 7 From Great Britain 7 It would bo hard to convince me that the British nation would ho dragged into a war with the United States, because they acknowledg ed th* independence of Texas. She surely has more policy than all that comes to. But if she choscs to interfere with our negotiations with other nations, if she choscs to take up the cud gels for Mexico, for no other crime on our part than treating Texas as a nation—why in all con science, let her come on ; and the consequence will be, that Texas will be tacked on to one end of the confederacy, and Canada to the other. Will Mexico take it in high dudgeon T Very probable she will. So did Great Britain when France acknowledged our Independence ; and so will every nation on earth in like cir cumstances. But what of it 7 Will the time ever come when we can acknowledge the Independence of Texas without offending Mexico! probably never. But fat justitia, runt calum,” is my maxim. The position of Texas demands that she should be acknowledged as a nation, and I would do it, come what willi could I direct the United States’ Government. At all events, let us ndt measure the claims of Texas upon us, by the powers of Santa Ana over his own government. Baldwin. Major General Nat. Smith, of Tennessee, has been appointed by the Secretary of War, Su porintendcnl of the Cherokee Emigration, in place of Major Currey, deceased. ’ Bt TIIE EXI'RESS .11 A IL. From the Boston Evening Transcript, Jan. 87. IMPORTANT INTELLIGENCE. Cheat Bank Failure in Manchester 1 (England.)—A gentleman of this city placed in 5 our hand a Idler from his correspondent in Man i Chester, England, dated December 84th, from which we arc permitted to make the following ex tract : “One ot the largest Banks in England, having its head at Manchester, has just stopped - payment. Their liabilities arc over £1,500,000 , —say about $7,000,000. Manchester will be . all in an uproar to-morrow when it is known, and halt the Merchants in the country will be ruined. The New York fire was nothing to what this e will be, and you have the first intelligence.” 1 Franklin Volunteers. —The volunteers from s Franklin country, says the Athens Banner, .. whose march through this place on their way to Florida, was noticed two weeks since, were ‘ on their arrival at Milledgville, ordered to 1 Port Mitchell, to protect our frontier from the incursion ot the Creeks who still remain in , Alabama. aKHTTMT, JJtSm Mil OMnMBBBBBBBiMBaHMBMBWM COMMERCIAL. i AUGUSTA PRICES CURRENT, t Revised and corrected semi-weekly, for the Chronicle •J' Sentinel. . Bagging, Hemp 28 a26 Pepper, flail Tow 16 a2O Spice, flail Bale Rope, 10 a 14 Raisins, (dull) 230 a 275 , Bnc n, new Htce, 3; a44 Hams 15 a 17 SpirPt, Whiskey 52 a6O Shoulders 12 all N.F-. Rum 53n60 t Sides 15 al7 Cog. Brandy 150 a 250 Butter , Gaihcn 30 a35 Holland Gin 125 a 150 1 N. Carolina 15 a35 P. Brandy 874 a 123 t Candles, Sperm 33 a39 Sugars, St. Cr. Hi al4 Tallow 16 alB Muscovado 81 all * Cheese, 14 al6 Porto Rico 8 a 101 I Cofee,gr. Cuba 13i al6 New Orleans Sail , Java 14 al6 Havana, while 14 als Common Rio 121 al4 Do brown 10 al2 Cotton, 11 a 17 Salt, 60 a75 Flour, Canal sl3 a 131 Soap, yellow 71 a 9 Baltimore none Shot, 9a 10 , Coni, 871 a 100 Teas, Hyson 70 a 100 . ,•£!’?*’ , , I 1 a lB Imperial 95 a 125 i/tdes,dr. salted 111 al3 Gunpowder 90 a 125 ’ 84 a y Mackerel, No. 1 sl2 a 130 , ololasscs, 42 a44 No. 2 sll al2 Nails, 74 aBl No. 3 871 a 8 ! Oils, Sperm, 125 a 137 Wines. Malaga 60 a75 , Linseed 125 a 137 Teneritfe 874 als Whale 55 a65 Madeira 150 a 300 I ork, .Mess 38 a3O Claret, per cask, $250 . l rune 24 a25 Champagne 810 a 150 5 REMARKS. J COTTON—The operations of our market con tinue small, and ilie receipts light Our ware-hous ■ j cs are crowded, and the planters still hold on for - 1 higher price* than our prejcnl quotations. Nolhing » ha* been doing to-day, *nd it is feared that the fail lira of lie Bink of Manchester |wiU have a serious effect upon our market Wo now quote 141 ali cents per lb as theextrecms of the market. GROCERIES —The business also continues light. Sales of domestic Liquors have been made this week in low, at 53 cents for Whiskey and Rum. B AGGING—A sale o 100 pieces of Bagging of a good quality, weighing about 85 pounds to the piece of 70 yds., was sold on Saturday at 20 cts ,J 4 mos 33 cts., 4 mos , has been refused for a lot of a superi or quality, weight about 100 lbs. EXCHANGE —Sight Checks on.Ncw York, 11 per cent;; 30 days, 1; 1 per cent lor city Bills. BANK NOTE TABLE—AII Georgia & South Carolina bills pass correctly in our city. Florida Bills are at a discount of from 2 to 5 per cant. FREIGHTS. —To Savannah, one dollar per bale —To Charleston 1 cent per lb., by Steam boats & Rail Roads. From the Constitutionalist of this morning STATEMENT OF COTTON In Augusta and Hamburgh on the Ist inst. 1837 188«. In Augusta, 21,158 14,441 Hamburg, 3,325 2,348 On wharf and board of boats, 546 00 Total stock, * 25,029 16,789 | SHIPMENTS OF COTTON From Augusta and Hamburg to Savannah and Charleston, from Ist Oct. to Ist Feb. 1837 1836 From Ist to 31st Jan. To Savannah, 5,970 14,310 Charleston, by boats, 624 960 do by Rail Roal, 346 849 , • 6,940 16,119 Shipped from Ist Oct. to Ist Jan. 83,825 70,604 Total shipments, 90,765 86,723 RECEIPT OF COTTON At Augusta and Hamburg from Ist Oct. to Ist inst. 1837 1836 ______ . . Stock on hand Ist inst. 25,029 16,789 Shippod from Ist Oct to Ist'lhit. 90,765 86,723 115,794 103,512 Deduct'stock on hand Ist Oct. 3,39 ft 3,493 Total Receipts, 112,404 100.019 Deduct received to Ist Jan. 99,794 86,066 Receipts of January, 12,610 13,953 THE CHARLESTON MARKETS. COTTON. —The sales of Uplands, since our last weakly report, amount to 952 hales, as follows :—4B, mi 150, 171; 213,171; 156, 17; 24, 16}; 206, 16} ; 14, 16} ; 80, 16} ; 5, 16; 17, 151 ; and 4 15} cents. In long Cottons, a few Sea Islands and Maines'at last week’s prices. The mark et is firm for Dualities ranging from strictly good to choice ; other escriptions are heavy. The weather on Monday was very unfavorable (or out door business. RlCE.—About 800 barrels sold from s3l a 31. ROUGH RICE.—IO,OOO bushels brought from 71 a 93 rents. MOBILE, Jan. 28.—Cotton.—Received this week 13, 1 i bales; and exported 5438 bales this week, to which we add 442 bales exported to N. Orleans, (agreeable to their account, and of which we had no clearance reported,) making in all 5862 bales, and leaving the s!o»k in port, not cleared,ol 49,860 bales, —being an increase this week to stock of 8,855 bales. 7’ho transactions of this market, since our last re view, taking the quantity on sale into account, have been quite limited, and will probably not much ex ceed 4000 bales. From the date of our last until Tuesday noon, the prices at which the week closed wore sustained ; on that day the express mail brought to hand Liverpool advices to the 19th ult. inclusive, being 23 days later from that market. These ac counts show the unsettled slate of ourstaple, which arc represented as one week advancing and the next receding. On the 2d Dec. an active demand and a slight improvement, which in the succeeding week was lost; and on the 10th it is staled {a } decline had been submitted to, on good qualities, in conse quence of the large quantity of new pressed on the market. On the 16th, and the weekending that date, the demand was good, with an improvement on the lower qualities of our Colton, and a further decline of } on the better sorts. On the 16th and 19 no change in prices, but inferiors are remarked os more saleable. By yesterday’s mail, accounts are received to the 21st inclusive ; on the 20th, sales were only 1500 bales, at steady prices, exceeding those of the previous week, with a fair demand. An improve ment appears to have talten p ace in all branches ot trade. The effect ot these advices on our market has tended to vary but slightly our quotations. Hold ers seem quite anxious to sell, but are not met by buyers with any degree of freedom, who appear re luctant to operate extensively at present rales. The subjoined table of quotations, corrected by , actual transactions, are deemed to be correct, at the close of the present week, with the remark, that a few fancy parcels have been sold at. 174. Liverpool Classification— Ordinary, 12} a 13; Mid -1 tiling, 14} and Ml; Fair, 15} a 15i; Good Fair, 16} , a 16} ; Good and fine, 17 a 17lc. Marine Intelligence. ARRIVED. Steamer Etiwan, Stssard, Charleston. Merchan dize, etc.—to A Lamond, agent. DEPARTED, Steamer Chatham, Wray, Savannah with boats j Nos 7 and 10. 746 bales cotton. SAVANNAH, Jan. 31._Cl’d, Br. ship Samuel. Jameson, Liverpool; schr. Exit, Si.aoa, Charleston. , Charleston, Feb. I.—Arr. Cr ship Carouge, Robinson, Liver peal, 77 days; Sp brig Malaga, ■ Lemat, Havana, 6 days; brig Chapman, Thompson, = Naw Orleans 10 days ; Br schr Jane, Hudson, Nas can, N P, 7 day*. MOBILE, Jan 23.—Arr. ship Tuskma, Post, New York. > OBITUARY, Departed this life »n the 21st ult., at his residence' I in Beaufort District, V. C., Benjamin Tuorapsom . Esq ~in the 51st year of his age. He loft an affec tionate wife and five children, and a numerous circle j of Inends, to mourn their irreparable loss. As a man he was just and true, as a friend sincere and con stant ; and his last words gave evidence to his afflict ■' *d family and friends, that their loss was his gain. 110-P \ IITNE RSHIP. r F WE l subscriber having this day taken his Brother -1 EDWARD LAFITTE into Co-partnership the business will hereafter bo conducted under the * fil® °£ ft; I ' afi,tfl & Brother. Office on Central • f *V barf, Charleston. i „. „ AUGUSTUS LAFITTE. 3 F, ' b - 2 $7 Iw ‘ NEGROES FOR 84LE. - , subscriber, residing in Hamburg, South ’*• Carolina, at the second house from (ho bridge, has on hand a large number of likely VIRGINIA i AYES, and will receive new supplies every two Weeks. Persona wanting to purchase, Planter's or i rader’s, would do well to give us a coll. JOSEPH WOOD <& CO. : . T »e rily papers and the Macon Messenger will insert the above once a week for three months. . F °b 2 27 - IVOTICE.—I offer for sale or lot the celebrated LN well bred Stallion Heritooa. This horse is so well known I deem it Unnecessary to give the 5 catalogue of Ins pedigree ; let it suffice to say, that in the Stale of Virginia, where the blood of this -lock is will known, they stand unrivalled, and in the vicinity of this place, where he has stood for se- I) vcral years, there can be a lot of horses and colts J shown, for the saddle and harness, that will equal i or surpass any in the State, Many of bis colts have been sold from S3OO to SSOO, and insorqe instances the latter price has been refused—they being of a , stout,- muscular size, and superior durable saddle horses. Her!toga is a beautiful sorrel, rather over 16 hands nigh, compactly built, and in short, elegantly form ed in every respect. In consequence of my indisposition he was not offered for sale at the races, and will now be let out I to any person who w ill take him to a good stand at a I (air price. > L „ - HENRY MEALING, i F<,b2 27 3tsw NOTICE. "" ALL persons indebted to (he Estate of James J, Smith, dec’d, of Burke County, are requested i 1“ ma k® immediate payment; and those having , claims will present them, duly attested, in the time prescribed by law. A S. B. PIOR, Adm. SARAH SMITH. Admx. 1 ' < ‘ b - 2 - ' 27. TVTEGRO WOMAN FOR SALE-About forty ■ J Y years of age— she can he seen at the jail, and | will he sold low, if (aken out el the State ; is sold be cause she will not live with her present owner Jnn 14 11 ,f PUBLIC SALES. CARRIAGE (y HOKSfcs. BY W. E. & J. C. JACKSON. ON the first Tuesday in February inst., at the low er market bouse, in this city, (if not previously disposed of at private sale,) will be sold : A second band Carriage (made to order) and suit- . able for travelling, being very light, with Harness M complete. —and a pair of fine large Hay horses 6 & 7 years old, warranted gentle, one a very superior hoSo 1 for any service, the other less valuable from having been foundered. " . , ■ 7’hey may be seer, and tried by any ode wishing to purchase, by calling at the Engle A I’homix Ho tel Stable. Terms, 6or 12 months credit allowed for approved paper. Feb, 1 26 by W. E & J. U. JACKSON, On the first Tuesday in Febuary next, at the lower Market House in this city, within the usual hour, of sale, will postively be sold by the highest bidder. 9 SHARES OF STOCK in the Warehouse, on Mclntosh street occupied by Gen. Dawson, on which SIOO per share has keep paid. yhree years lease of the middle t©»iement ot Wheeler’s brick building, commencing on the Ist. October ensuing—at present occupied by the Branch Bank of Doaien. . t . , One third undivided interest in the W arehousc and Lots on which the same is erected, in Hamburg, know as the upper Warehouse, and formerly occu pied by Adams, Walker and others—cost S6OOO. Title indisputable and terras cash. i also 50 (Shares new stock of the Central and Western j Wharf Company. Terms—One fourth cash, balance 60 days—scrip to be issued on payment of the notes. Jan. 31 HI, BY W. E. <k. J. U. JACKSON, AT AUCTION. |J On the first Tuesday in Fobrrrary next at the lower Market house in this city. A Good Cook, age about 36 years. 'Terms cash. jan 26 AUGUSTA THEATRE. Positively the Last six Nights. CHANGE OF PERFORMANCE First night of the celebrated GUN TRICK, SIGNIOR BLITZ, sensible o( the support con ferred on his perlormances, will have the honor of introducing some new and extraordinary (bats THIS EVENING, Feb. 2,1837. And Every Evening this Week : The .amusements will commence with new an extraordinary Illusions and Metamorphoses, '• ■ fflj When will be introduced. The Multiplication Postman. ■ . Flora and Bacchus; v l| Humerous Bottle. Incomprehensible Money. The Goblets of the Great, Wonderful Produce. The Plum of Mystery. eßelzebub’s Light. The flowers'of Admiration. Fist Proof. The Magic Cup of Produce, with the Dance of Six Dinner Plates!!! To conclude with the astonishing and celebrated GUN TRICK. .Sig. B. will allow any gentleman to bring his own Fowling Piece, with powder and balls, and in pres ence of the audience load the same, previously mark ing the balls. He will he desired to fire at Sig Blitz, who will receive the balls in his hand. Gentlemen allowed to bring their Fowling Pieces and ingre dients for loading. it>* Doors open at half-past 6, Performance to commence at 7 o’clock. {KrAdmissiun 50 cents—Children undtr 12 years t ’ of age, half price. Tickets to be had at the Theatre. Private performances and lessons given, on appli cation to Signor Blitz, at the Theatre, where may s be purchased a variety of apparatus for family amuse ments—magical Scrap Books. Feb. « 27 | | GEORGIA STATE LOTTERY. For the benefit of the AUGUSTA INDEPENDENT FIHECOMPAM ls CLASS NO. S.—FOR 1837. Determined by the Drawing cf the Virginia Sum, ;j.,i Lottery, for Wellshurg, Class No. I, for 1837. To be drawn at ALEXANDRIA, 4 a. on Saturday, February 4, 1837. D. S. Gregory' & Ce. (successors to Yntos A Me Intyre,) Managers. HIGHEST PRIZE, 30,000 DOLLS. «;uam> sen i:nu. 1 Prize of $30,000 is $30,00} 1 “ 10,000 is 10,000 I 1 “ 6,000 is 6,000 1 14 3,140 is 3.1# ’ 5 1 44 3,000 is 3,000 1 41 2,500 is 2,500 1 44 2,000 is 2,000 * 1 50 44 1000 is ' 60,000 S'l > 20 44 500 is 10,0(10 20 44 300 is 6,00) 1 123 44 200 is 10,980 I ■ 126 44 100 is 12,600 122 44 60 is 7,500 126 44 50 is 0,300 ! 126 44 40 is 5,0# 3654 44 20 is 73,000 23436 44 10 is 134,300 . 27,814 Prizes, amounting to $486,180 Tickets slo—Shares in proportion. •n A1 or<lers f° r Tickets in the above Lot lory , will meet prompt attention, if addressed to _ A. READ, , Contractor and State Agent, Augusta, Geo. . _J*n 31 25 VAUCLUSE FACTORY.—The Stockholder! 1 of the Vaucluse Factory aro requested to inert I ’ °n Monday, the 20th of February next, to decide j uoon matters of importance to the Company. , geo. McDuffie. * Feb. 1 26 td Inn DOLLARS REWARD.-A vaiuahltll TH vs GOLD WATCH was stolen trom a trunl ra| , in Augusta, Geo. on 21st November last; the watch !|) , wa made by Benj. Steuart, Solin Square, I,ondon,|s|i« and is numbered 719. The above reward will to |r , P ai( i to any one giving information that will lead its recovery. Apply at this office. . Jnn M n6t |g BLANKETS. FLANNELS, Ac. Ac.—The sub |pt scribera have just received 3 bales Duffil Blankets 1 do super Bed do 2 do white Flannels r 2 do red do o 2 do red Lindseys, I 2 cases Satinets, (low’ price) I W ith a variety of other Guods in their Into, wliicK HR having been lately purchased, and a part of own importation from England, they are enable 1 PjTB to offer them below tho present market prices. , n EDGAR A CARMICHAEL f t Jnn 9 _ 6tl t /CARPENTER'S Compound Fluid Extract d„■ i, Y / Bonesel —A valuable remedy m Intennitl ctt |H| i revere, general debility, loss of appetite, Ac. Ac , For sale by CLOUD & BOTHWELL, 1 r Jan 19 15] No. 2328r0ad-sired, f iIHOMAS BARRETT At CO, having I A to the new Brick Store of Mr. Stovall, on Hroad ' f tre ,n,’ nearly opposite the store formerly oceuji* l IN by Thomas Barrett, takes this method of iiifiini' l ' , t.dSH their friends and the public, that they are now 4 y - ceiving and opening a large and well sfleelcd inr* '1 ntit Medicines, Paints, Oil, IVinfa UK?! » Glass, tyr., which they are prepared to pur np at t* —E * s shortest notice, and hope to receives portion of it* m t public patronage. rJan 11 Blm » - \ >VV; ! ■RBpNEZER SKINNER, sine» the disasters* || - JLA firo, has taken a Store on the South siilcfß Broad-street, opposite the Planter's Hotel, near Ik t former stand, No. 330, where he will keep constant! ji on hand a good assortment of Groceries. He thankful for the patronage heretofore extended, n"® hopes for a continuance of the same. 9 _ an 10 7lm > « pERFUMERY, FANCY ARTICLES, Ac® ft - A- Orange Flower Water, Lavender do., Colcp l ' do., Florida do., Haney do., Snuff Boxes, Fanfl | , t Soaps ofevery kind, Pomatum in pots and rolls, “ J I dtan Dye, for coloring rlio hair, Bear’s Oil, AnlilUß t do., Macnssardo., Ward’s Vegetable Hairito., l .jHL) of Roses, for the complexion, Compound C’hlor#«J looth.Wnsh. For sale by , 'a' CLOUD & BOTHWELL, 232 Broad it ■ Jan 2 Genuine cotton seed.—The suhscriHß has on tho river, a lot of Petit Gulf C<)t l "H 1 Seed, that has been selected on tho Gulf Hill P* :U Vipp' • lions by Isaac Ramsey, Esq. of Columbia counlf Those wishing an article that can he relied on W pure, will do well to send their orders or call n, c “ ,;S as convenient. This lot of seed has been si le l ' * with great care, more with a view to the planting 1 J (•rest, than to profit on the article. , Jan 17 13 sm ßt] BENJ. | FOR SALE.—A likely young Negro woman .JE three children. Apply at this office thi**^