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WOMAN’S WOULD. PLEASANT LITERATURE POE FEMININE READERS. THE PROPER WAY TO AS0END STAIRS. Women doctors say, and many women prove it in practice, that by going up¬ stairs slowly with the foot—heel and toe alike—put "firmly on each,-stair, one may arrive at the top of four flights of stairs really rested, instead of gasping for breath as when one runs upstairs. Going upstairs is a good form of exercise if one takes it in the right way to get its bene¬ fits .—New York Mercury. DAINTY FOOT WEAK. Dainty foot wear is most conducive to ease and grace of attitude. What gives a more constrained pose than the effort to keep the feet under the hem of one’s gown, and it is the easiest thing in the world to forget yourself and become ani¬ mated and vivacious if you have the sus¬ taining consciousness that some little un¬ considered turn or movement will reveal a pair of daintily clad feet with some- thing distinctive and characteristic about them. Many a girl adopts somo rather bizarre style of home foot dressing, and is faithful to it all the year round, till it becomes as much a part of her as her favorite flower or perfume .—Shoe and Leather Facts. SPA'NGLED FANS. The new fans, like new dress trim¬ mings, are spangled. A pretty example in black gauze, mounted on carved ebony, is thickly strewn with silver discs and stars. It sparkles splendidly by night, and looks well with any kind of ball dress. Ostrich feather fans are now made in three or more different colors to harmonize with the new shot silks and gauzes. The prettiest fan to carry with a flower trimmed dress consists of a bunch of roses and poppies with silk petals that open and close with a fan. Dainty and inexpensive fans are of white gauze with lace insertions and borders painted with flowers and figures in dallions .—New York Herald. f" SHOPPING AS A PROFESSION. Shopping has risen from a pastime to a profession. It is said there are several thousand women in New York City who live on the percentage allowed them by the big shops in which they spend other people’s money, lathe rushing season —about holiday time, and just before the summer exodus begins—some of them make as high as $200 a week. These lucky ones, though, usually have money of their own. They watch bar¬ gain sale3 carefully and manage gener¬ ally to secure the cream of them. Then when an order comes they are often able to fill it from their private stock, and pocket the comfortable difference betwixt the regular and the bargain price .—New York Sun. WHY GIRLS WANT OLD ((LOVES. Days when a girl asked eviry man she met for a necktie for her crazy quilt arc passed ; she no longer collects his hand¬ kerchiefs to make curtains for her win¬ dows, and even his matchbox is compar- aratively safe. But now the latest fad is to ask the men for their old evening gloves. 1 ‘What does she do with them?” the uninitated quite naturally ask. For “Dream Gloves” is the reply, This is the way of it. Her hands, perhaps, still retain some of the summer tan; perhaps they are rough because she has helped in the housework, or they may be chapped from being chilled. Whatever the cause, tho, remedy prescribed is “grease and gloves.” finds Now our dear girl her own gloves are too tight for this purpose, and then, generally, she wears hers until they are quite useless. So she thinks she will borrow her brother’s evening gloves, since he casts his away after the first ap¬ pearance of soil. Then my lady thought it would be so much nicer were she to have his gloves, to protect her hands, his gloves to tuck under her pretty cheek and his gloves to dream upon. Hence the origin of the name and the fad. What will be the next ?—Philadelphia Music and Drama. PICT0RESQUE HATS FOR SMALL GIRLS. Large picturesque hats for small girls have a low pointed crown, with a broad brim arched in front and turned up at the back. They are of felt and should be cboseu of the color worn in the cloak which they are intended to accompany. Many of them have fleecy brims, called fur feit. Their trimming is a single enor¬ mous 1)0 w and ends of changeable velvet ribbon set in front, holding some stiff qpills that point upward and back. Satin ribbon two inches wide is also used for the large bow and for a ruche which edges the brim of the hat,and sometimes for a cluster of three rosettes, each of a different color. Clipped quille bordered or studded with jet or with spangles are in pairs or in clusters amid the loops of the bow. Stiff wings are set about ir¬ regularly, lyre-shaped feathers and vig¬ nettes are placed high in front, and small tips are at tho back; but new hats are not so laden with plumes as were those of last winter. Black satin ribbon trims, rose-colored, tan or green hats ef¬ fectively in a box-pleated ruche on the brim and a flyaway bow in front holding two quills, with perhaps a twist or two extending to the back cf the crown. One tan-colored bat has three satin rosettes, brown, old rose and white, clustered in front, while another has rosettes of yel¬ low, white and pale blue satin.— St- Louis Republic. FOUR MONTANA BEARS FACED HER. While John Chapman was in here from his Wyoming ranch this week he told of a thrilling experience his wife had re¬ cently with four silver tip bears, a she bear "and three cubs. John was away from home at the time. After eating an early supper Mrs. Chapman stepped outside the kitchen door intending to place a pan of milk in an outhouse. She just closed the door of the kitchen, when looking up she was confronted by four bears, all up on their hunches and within n few feet of her. She screamed nnd rushed into the house and told the hired man the cause of her fright and assisted in finding the cartridges for a rifle that stood handy, and then sank into a chair exausted and helpless, while the hired man made an attack on the bears, killing the old one and two of the cubs. When Mr. Chap¬ man arrived he found his wife in an alarming condition, her nerves would being at such tension that ho feared she go into hysterics. That night she com¬ plained of hearing the bear scratching outside, and finally, to satisfy her, John got up, and, taking his gun, went to the door, where, sure enough, was the re¬ maining hear standing out iu the cold and whining and screaming for his dam. The cub lit out for the brush when he heard John coming, but in the morning the dogs were turned loose on tho trail, and young bruin was gathered in to com¬ plete tho family. The cubs were fully half-grown silver tips, and averaged over 180 pounds each. The she bear was a big one, as large as a cow .—Billings ( Montana) Gazette. FASHION NOTES. Many of the handsome cloth capes have a short over cape of fur, plush or Lyons velvet. Throatlets of the whole skin of various small animals,including the head and tail, are in high favor. Velvet capes are lined with bright silk, and those who study details in dress have a corresponding color in their hats or bonnets. Lacings the shade of the gown along the seams, beneath which is seen a color contrasting but harmonious, appear on handsome imported gowns. A basque of rich fringe, shaped to a deep point in front and tapering nar¬ rowly to the hack, is seen on some of the handsomest dinner gowns. Many women have had their too short seal jackets and coats lengthened by adding deep bands of curled black Per- sian-lamb fur or velvet beaver skins. The Italian is the latest form of sleeve. It is like a loose shirt sleeve to the el¬ bow, where it is gathered into a tight- fitting sleeve, which covers the rest of the arm. A new feature of the popular princesse dresses is their bias back seams that give the effect of a bell skirt. This is a re¬ turn to the old-fashioned way of making the princesse. Swallow gray with magnolia white or Indian red, palest doe color with dark russet and Egyptian blue with pale sil¬ ver are combined in the handsomest cloth gowns. On cloth, Bedford cord or rough wool dresses, very large Duttons are used con¬ spicuously, and those made in imitation of old coins are in great demand for the most expensive materials. Only a woman with a preHy foot can wear the dainty fur-trimmed boot, open¬ ing at the side, that some importers are trying to introduce. The foot it incases must be small and slender. At present there is no indication of skirts being made shorter in the back. The demi-tiain will remain in vogue just as long as the three-quarter coat and the deep basque bodice prevail. The fur muff par excellence this sea¬ son is larger than for many seasons past, is less graceful and convenient and so opeu at the ends that it forms a favor¬ able passage for the wintry blasts. A pretty jacket is the “duchess,” which comes about ten inches below the waist, fits the figure closely and opens from a single fastening over a double- breasted vest closed with small gold but¬ tons. Tailors are making a specialty of jaunty and stylish litttle bonnets to be worn with theatre gowns and cape3 of cloth. Plain velvet is much used for these little capotes, iu a bright color overlaid with lace. Velvet and wool are combined in some of the most tasteful winter gowns. The velvet often forms a peasant waist, which can bo worn with various dresses, or a basque of graceful shape, with skirt, vest and sleeves of striped vigogne or camel’s hair. Pingot, the famous Parisian designer of costumes, makes black velvet coats of the prevailing three-quarters length, with fitted back, large pockets on the sides and the straight fronts to turn back and show facings of black guipure lace wrought with gold. Anew and delicate shade of raspberry pink is called “salambo.” This color combined with Russian green is especi¬ ally effective. A very beautiful brocade recently seen at a leading shop had a beautiful flo'wer design brocaded on a ground shot with these two colors. A Paris correspondent says many cos¬ tumes are made complete for walking, with au open jacket showing a waistcoat or chemisette or a closed coat, generally double-breasted, and with a double row of rather large buttons. For these ribbed and fancy cloths of all kinds are the ma¬ terials in vogue, and the greatest sim- plipity of cut. Many fashionable dressmakers are in¬ sisting that serviceable cloth dresses be cut to escape the floor all round for street wear. Box-plaited backs bid fair to be worn again, and the fashion oi trimming the gored seams of the skirts is becoming more and more popular. This is especially becoming to a stout figure, as it apparently gives greater length. A black velvet coat made in the new style, either in close princesse shape or with slashed basque, is a very valuable acquisition to a limited wardrobe, as it can be made to do great service and is always becoming. A black velvet coat is handsome over a skirt of flowered brocade, and in this case a pretty dra¬ pery of crepe de chine that repeats the ■color of the flower brightens and changes the front of the coat. A bit of full, deep ruching of the crepe in the neck and sleeves is added. CATTLE “BOYS.” CURIOUS LIKE OP MEN WHO CONSORT WITH BEASTS. [lardy Routine of tho Voyage—From Canada to Great Britain—Feed¬ ing, Watching and Caring for the Sick. Canada ships about 120,000 head of cattle to Great Britain yearly. Tho voy¬ age is made in vessels equipped for the purpose, and the cattle are tended by a distinct type of individual known as tho cattle boy. Visit Point St. Charles any day and you will see a crowd of these fellows— some men of education who have run to seed,some wild youths,born and brought up with cattle, some old-country men who have become tired of colonial life and are anxious to work their way home. They look an idle lot as they lounge in the sun, dirty and coarse-spoken,but see them at work and the hardships of their curious life are apparent. A train comes in and all the cattle must be watered and have their heads roped, then examined by the veterinary surgeon and driven down past the locks and quays to the ships. Then comes the voyage. It is best described by one of the boys who hud seen better days and had cast in his lot temporarily among the cattle. “Our herd,” says he, “consisted of 110 bulls and steers. With them were four cattle boys and the boss, Martin. It was a day in midsummer, the atmos¬ phere was stifling, and the cattle were very irritable. The stalls ranged along each side of the deck with a passage way through the centre. There were five or six head in each stall. “The routine ol a cattle-boy’s life is much the same day after day. The watch rouses all hands at 4 o'clock. Then we take pieces of wood shaped like Scotch- hands and thoroughly scrape out the troughs in the stalls so as not to leave a grain of meal to become sour. The hatchway of tho lower deck is raised and two men descend while the others re¬ main above to work the pulley. The feed is stored on the lower deck, and, of tho two below, one swings over the bags of meal, the other places them on the pulley chain and the two above haul them up. The boss opens each meal bag and fills the pails. The meal is then dis¬ tributed, the quantity of a patent pail being divided among every three head. “Afterthis the boys eat their breakfast. Then comes the duty of looking out for the water, every boss wanting first turn to get his hogsheads filled. The task of distributing it is the hardest work of the day. During the cleaning of the troughs, and the serving out of the meal the cattle are comparatively quiet, but as soon as the first pail of water appears they are all on their feet, straining their necks out over their troughs, running their long tongues out eagerly and bush¬ ing at the cattle boys with their horns to attract attention. Often a long horn will catch the handle of the pail and spill thp contents over the narrow hallways. “When each beast has been served with his pail of water the boys take their pitchforks among the cattle to shake up the old beds and throw in more hay. This work lasts tiil 11 o’clock when the hallways are swept and cleansed for in¬ spection by the chief officer. Dinner and a siesta follow. One stays with the cattle, and the others lie down or go to the forward spar deck to smoke. “At 3 o’clock comes a second visit to the supply deck, and a second serving out of meal or hay. At 6 o’clock comes supper, and at 8 o’clock the boys turn in, one being left with a lantern to watch the cattle. He is relieved at midnight, and at 4 o’clock the relief rouses all hands. “The cattle can never be left. To allow them to lie down, they have long head ropes. Sometimes one will he down first, and his neighbor lie over him. If both are not speedily aroused, the under one will be pressed to death. Then others take sick and require a great deal of attention. “Of course, cattle die on board and sometimes it is deemed wise by the boss to assist nature. The insurance compa¬ nies insist that every dead beast shall be inspected by the captain before being have overboard. That’s all right, but it is easy enough to drive a tenpenny nail in between the horns under the shaggy hair, and who would notice it? “In winter a cattle boy’s life is much harder. The beasts must have warm mashes, and it is awful work to stagger along an ice bound deck in the dark on a biting morning-, carrying two pails of warm mash, slipping, sliding, sometimes falling and spilling half of it till your own overalls are frozen stiff. ”— New York Recorder. \ Smelling Contest. Tho most unique and novel entertain¬ ment yet tried was at the Y. M. C. A. rooms, at the young people’s gathering the other evening. A smelling contest was the thing that made the most fun. Mr. Singer had got the druggist to put up eight bottles containing as many dif¬ ferent liquids of different numbered odors, all com¬ mon but one, and each on the corks. The game was to smell of these and identify them, and write the decision opposite numbers on a card. Now, it is a well-known fact to those who have studied the matter that the sense of smell is the most deceptive of all the senses, for the reason that after smelling of three things in quick suc¬ cession the nose refuses to do duty with most people, and beyoud that everything is mixed and confused. A youug lady and gentleman each identified seven out of eight of them; nine more identified all but two. But generally the things written down were wide of the mark. Bisulphide of carbon—the only uncom¬ mon one—proved a sticker. It was written down as extract onions, oil of brimstone, laudanum, boiled cabbage and white rose. The contest was the funniest kind of fun.— Lewiston {Me.) Journal, “Window Gazing” as a Profession. “See that elegantly dressod lady and gentleman just going out there?” said Will Shafer iu the Auditorium Hotel a few days ago. “You will be surprised to hear the business they are in; they ate a mat tied couple, and as pleasant people as I ever met.” “But what is there odd about their business, Mr. Shafer?” “Well,” said Will with a smile, “they might he called ‘gazers,’ and I will ex¬ plain it this way: You have heard of people standing on the street and looking up steadily to the sky for a few moments just to see if it wouldn't draw a crowd? Well, it always does, and it don’t make a particle of difference whether there is anything to see or not. The crowd will gather just the same. Well, these two work on the same principle,only instead of gazing at the sky they gaze at shop windows, and they don’t do it for fun, either. You saw how richly they were dressed. Well, they just make lots of money. In the first place, they are a couple to attract notice on the street at any time,so it is not hard for them to do their little act. They first make a bargain with some of the big stores that have large show windows. The proprietors have these windows dressed up in par¬ ticularly fine style and theu this pair, looking like a couple out shopping, walk up and hold an animated talk before the window, evidently discussing \£hich the goods there displayed, at they occasion¬ ally point in an interesting manner. The passers-by naturally become curious and one by oue or iu groups they pause to look also. As in the case of the sky- gazers, a crowd is soon collected, when the couple work their way out and walk around the block. By the time they get around the window is once more clear and they do the same act over again. It is the be3t kind of an ‘ad.’ for the store, and,done in such a nice and genteel man¬ ner, is worth good money. They get it, too, for the gentleman in talking to me the other day and telling me the scheme said they had made as high as $15,000 a year. They go all over the country, from one big city to another, and have a regular line of patrons. They only work in the spring and iall, when most of the new goods come out. The rest of the time they travel or not, as they please, but you may be sure they are always having a good time. ”— Chicago Press. King of the Mound-Builders. Warren K. Morehead and Doctor Cres- son, who have been prosecuting excava¬ tions at Chillicothe, Ohio, for the past three months in the interest of the World’s Fair, have just made one of the tidiest finds of the century in the way!-, of prehistoric remains. These gentlemen have confined their excava¬ tions to the Hopewell farm, upon which are located twenty Indian mounds. Saturday they were at work on a mound 500 feet in length, 200 feet wide and twenty-three feet in height. At the depth of fourteen feet, near the centre of thl mound, they exhumed the mas¬ sive sia'Uton of a man, which was in¬ cased in copper armor. The head was covered by an oval-shaped copper cap. The jaws had copper mouldings and the arms were dressed in copper. Copper plates covered the chest and stomach. On each side of the head, on protruding sticks, were wooden atftlers, ornamented with copper. The mouth was stuffed with genuine pearls of immense size, but much decayed by the ravages of time. Around the neck was a necklace of bears’ teeth set with pearls. By the side of the male skeleton was also found a female skeleton, the two being supposed to be man and wife. It is estimated that the bodies were buried where they were found fully 600 years ago. Messrs. Morehead and Oresson consider this find one of the most im¬ portant they have yet made, and believe they have at last found the King of the mound-builders. Besides the articles named above there were found a pearl- studded sceptre, many jars containing corn, etc.; bronze and stone implements and ornaments, evidences of ashes and bones of animals. There are indications that the adjacent soil is full of valuable articles. The finders are rejoiced at this find, and there is great excitement and hundreds of people have flocked to the scene.— St. Louis Republic. Statistics of Human Life. An eminent statistician of Germany has recently given out the following as general facts proved, by vital statistics * The average length of life is thirty-seven years; Twenty-five per cent, of mankind dies before attaining the age of seven¬ teen. In the civilized world 35,214,000 die every year, 97,480 every day, 4020 every hour, sixty-seven every minute; the births amount to 36,792,000 every year, 108,800 every day, 4200 every hour, seventy every minute, Married people iive longer than the unmarried, and civilized nations longer than the un¬ civilized. Tall persons enjoy a greater longevity than small ones. Women have a more favorable chance of life before reaching their fiftieth year than men, but a less favorable one after that period. Persons bern in spring have a more ro¬ bust constitution than those born at any other season. Births and deaths occur more frequently at night than in the day time.— Lancet. Effect of tile Snu on Tools. It has been found that the sunlight and heat have an injurious effect upon iron and steel tools, and the outdoor ex¬ posure of them is very deleterious. The steel becomes of a blue color and tho temper is injured. The moonlight has even been found to be proportionately hurtful. The edges of the cutting tools become disinteregated and teeth. worn away Such until they become like saw tools as saws have become misshapen and the plate buckled by even one day’s ex¬ posure. This should be known to the owners of costly implements that are wrongly supposed to withstand the weather with impunity because they are made of metal and have no wood about them.— New York Times. CADETS AS RIDERS. HOW FUTURE OFFICERS ARE TRAINED AT WEST POINT. A Yearling: Cadet’s Experience— Wonderful Equestrian Feats Performed by Cadets With Apparent Ease No branch of tho service is more exact¬ ing in its requirements than the cavalry. It imposes tho hardest work, the most perilous endeavors, the pluckiest as well as the most reckless and the most thoughtful fighting. To fit the cadets for such trials is a part of the work of the West Point Military Academy, and it may be interesting to note how the work is accomplished. During the greater part of the last three years of the four years’ course, the cadets take their legsons in riding. Tho third class begins the season. They are tyros. Most of thorn, anticipating mis¬ haps on the tanbark, own up that they know nothing about riding, and those who have ridden are not wont to boast of it. For the riding hall looms up before the impressionable and yet uninitated third-class man as a great magazine of possible and probable misfortune. The upper classes are not chary of their tales oi the way the thing was done in their day. “When I was a yearling,” said a sedate and sober first-class man to a circle of listen¬ ing third-class men, “we went down to the riding hall with the certainty of having the most exciting hours of our lives. We went in. There was a row of horses rolling tho whites of their eyes at us and looking the incarnation of devil¬ try. They had no saddles or blankets, and they looked mountain high. The riding instructor was a cavalry officer with red hair and mustache, a red face, and a voice like he had just swallowed a pot of red paint. When he snapped out ‘Mount!’we jumped as though a whip had been cracked about our ears. We scrambled up the horses’ sides and sat astride their ridgy backs, where we did some strange feats in balancing. “Then we started around the hall. We struck a trot and a gallop, and a mad, wild run. In five minutes the in¬ structor was the only mounted man in the hall. The rest of us were digging ourselves out of the tanbark or chasing our horses, in the vain hope of catching and remounting. It was a rare old time we had! And the galleries were jammed with girls, watching the sport and laugh¬ ing at our mishaps. That’s the way it used to be, but they are more careful of you fellows of the later generations. You are not so tough as the yearlings of the old days.” at pres¬ ent day, no matter what might have been in the remote past. The yearlings ride iu secret session. No spectators are admitted, and it is safe to say the spec- latora, if there were any, would feel un- rewarded- for the effort of attending, There is ( no attempt nowadays to tumble the cadets Off, but rather to teach them to stay on. The first two rides are with saddles, the next two with stirrups crossed, and the next with blankets. Thus it is a week before the cadets are invited to a bai eback ride. They move around the hall at a walk or a slow, jolt¬ ing trot-, and the strictest attention is paid to their position in the saddle, the use of the legs, and the height of the bridle hand. Every detail is a matter of personal attention and correction on the part of the instructor. As the year advances, the riding . be- comes more brisk. The yearlings at- tempt many of the more common re- quirements of the finished rider, but not with the certainty nor even the probabil- ity of success. But the beginning of the next year sees them launched into the whirl of mounted gymnastics. This is the season when the galleries _ groan beneath the crowds of spectators, who watch with their hearts in their mouths the deeds that these gray-clothed striplings essay to perform. It is quite a trick to dismount from the horse at a trot or gallop, but when the cadet dis- mounts and immediately mounts again, or vaults back and forth over the horse, all the time keeping up the lively canter —why, that is. a proof of training and of natural ability. And when two cans ride the same horse in varying combinations, or one cadet manages two horses while plunging around the hall, there is something still better and still more praiseworthy. Then the hurdles are brought in and the boys put their horses over the hurdles, three feet, four feet, and even five feet in the clear jump. There is nothing prettier than a graceful horse and rider taking a hurdle in good form. And to see the cadet dismount, take the hurdle with the horse, and remount again on the gallop is to see something- worth looking at and talking about afterward. So the exercises grade up easily into the work of the first-class men—-cadets who will soon doff the gray and put on the blue. They will mount a barebacked horse, come down the hill like lightning and pick up a handkerchief from the ground. That is a most difficult feat, and they are good riders who can do it. They would pass muster with any set of horsemen the world over. And then the cadets have wrestling matches on horse¬ back, and chase each other around the hall in the attempt to dismount an op¬ ponent. There is plenty of life and vigor about this kind of work, nnd no one tires of it—least of all tho cadet. This is the kind of work that the young cavalry officers of the United States Army must prove themselves pro¬ ficient in before they are adjudged capable of wearing a sabre and com¬ manding a squadron of blue-coated troopers. And that they do it satis¬ factorily is a commendation of American youth in general, and of the United States Military Academy discipline in particular .—New York Times. Fiuished spools are now being shi pped from the mills in Maine instead of the birch logs that were formerly sent to other factories. The Great Sntro Tunnel. “There are some interesting facts con¬ nected with tho great Sutro tunnel of the Comstock mines in Nevada,” said “Brick” Pomeroy, tho originator of the Atlantic-Pacific tunnol now being bored through the Rockies just west of Denver. “The Sutro tunnel starts in at a little vil¬ lage called Sutro, on the line of the Vir¬ ginia and Truckee Railroad, on the Car¬ ton River. The tunnel enters the ground at a point fifty feet above Carson River, and is projected to run four miles into Mount Davidson and there end at a depth of 1800 feet below the surface under Virginia City, where it taps the Yellow Jacket and other silver bearing veins that form the so-called Comstock mines. When the Sutro tunnel was projected but little was known of the character of the Comstock mines. It was thought the mines were shallow. This mineral deposit had to be drained. It was believed that a tunnel running into the deposits would drain the mines and provide a way tor carrying the ore out oa wheels rather than by the expen¬ sive method of hoisting. The owners agreed to pay Sutro $2 per ton for all the ore taken from their mines, no mat¬ ter whether it was taien out through his tunnel or hoisted to the surface by the mine owners. The water was run out through his tunnel free of charge. This was the alluring inducement oilefcl Sutro to drive the tunnel. The size of the tunnel in the clear was made eight feet in width by ten feet in height. Under the timber floor is a waterway,, through which flows the water drained from the mines. Before the Sutro tun¬ nel was finished a shaft had been sink in the mines to tho depth of 2200 fset. Therefore, the tunnel was of no use in draining the chief mines. The ownc of the mines refused to pay Sutro the $2 per ton royalty on the ore on tb.? ground that his tunnel did not drain, their properties to the depth they hat descended in them. Sutro threatened to erect a solid bulkhead in the tunnel and stop the drainage. Rather than the* be drowned out the mine ownerj paid $2 per ton royalty, and at last bought' the controlling stock in the Sutro Tun- nel Company. The greatest depth which any of the Comstock mines de¬ scended is 3200 feet. Some years ago the mine owners let their workings fill up with water to the 1800 foot level of the tunnel, so that what were at one time the deepest workings in the Yel¬ low Jacket mine are now under 1400 feet of water. “The miners put on an india rubber cap and india rubber shoulder pieces to' protect them from the dripping hot water. They wear woolen wraps around their hips and heavy wooden-soled shoes. Their bodies and legs are bare. The heat in the ore beds is 120 degrees on. an average. The miners work fifteen minutes, then return to the cooling- room and are rubbed down with cakes oi ice. Each man is allowed eight gallons of ice or ice water, as he prefers, each day. The miner remains in the shaft eight hours a dqy. Alternately he works fifteen minutiys and takes forty-five minutes ' ' in cooling off, and therefore actually works hut two hours a day. He receives $4 a day.”— •Chicago Herald . Andrew Jackson. General Andrew Jackson, the seventh President of the United States of Arneri- ca , was born at Waxhaw settlement, South Carolina, March 15,1767. His father who, some authorities say, was a Scotchman, and others an Irishman, by birth, emigrated to America in 1765, and soon afterward died, leaving to his widow a half-cleared farm in a new set- tlement, with no slaves to assist in its cultivation. When Jackson grew up he was sent to study for the church, but on ttic breaking out of the American Revo- lution he and nis brothers were sum- ra0 ned to the field and the elder lost his life at Stone Ferry. Andrew, though but thirteen years old, fought with his remaining brother under Sumter, and. remained with the army until the close 0 f the war. In 1781 he and his brother Robert were taken prisoners, but their devoted mother procured the exchange of the boy soldiers and took them to her home in Waxhaw, where Robert died of small-pox contracted in prison, ; md for many months Andrew was very j[l. When he recovered the patriotic woman left her home to nurse Ameri¬ cans i n prison at Charleston, S. C., and there died of fever. Andrew was alone j Q the world then and without means, but he went to work for a saddlemuker, to which employment he soon added that of a schoolmaster. At eighteen ha began to read law. At this time he wa* a slender youth, with a tong, thin face lfigh forehead and abundant reddish hair, falling over bright, blue eyes; a bold r ;der and a capital shot. He assisted in forming a State Constitution in Tennes- S ee, anil was her first Representative in Congress. He was then made Judge ot the Supreme Court of his State. His name is identified with every military movement in the South, whether against Indians, British or Spaniards. He was made Major General in 1813 and won his great victory of New Orleans on the 8th of January, 1815. Iu 1828 he was elected to the Presidency by n great ma¬ jority, and re-elected in 1832. Eight years of repose were allowed him after hi3 Presidency, w'hich wore happily passed with his adopted son (his wife having died just after his first election), and many loyal friends. Oa the 8th of June, 1845, now an old man of seventy- eight, he peacefully passed away.— Detroit Free Press. What Makes Hair Curly. The difference between straight and curly hair is very apparent on a micro¬ scopical examination. A hair is a hollow tube, and a straight hair is as round as a reed, while a curly hair is always flattened on both sides and curls toward one of the fiat sides, never toward the edge. It is a curious and little known fact that the hair of women is coarser than that of men, as well as thicker on the scalp. In au average head of hair there are about 130,000 individual hairs.— Na¬ tional Barber.