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The fry- !ia!>jr Hoy.
There was onco a bov who did nothing but :
cry,
H? cried from morn till noon;
He cried for a dog, he cried for a gcat.
He cried for a big balloon.
At last one day her patience was tried, :
And his mamma bought a balloon ;
In it shtidied him, hard and fast,
Andfeent him 'way up to the moon.
Now every night when the moon is bright—
And this i-< really true—
You his pale face 'wayhip in the
moon. *
And he's looking right down at you.
—Washington Star.
Snapper.
One flay when Bill and Joe were
being driven through the woods, th e
boys heard a little do? crying and yelp
'ing. They hurried their dogs along
and they found a black and tan lying
by the road with two logs broken. They
took him up very carefully and drove
Bill and .Joe to the doctors. He set
the broken Jieg, and the boys took the
black and tail home and pursed him
till he got well.
They called him little Snapper, for
he was a pert little dog, and if any
body rr.ade faces at him or did any
thing he did not like he would run up
at them, and dodge about them so
fast, snapping at their shoes and an
kles, until the boys ha i tu call him
off.
At first Bill and Joe were jealous
of liim. but after awhile they came to
like him. and he was a great favorite
ol theirs. He often rode wit a the
boys in the wagon, and sometimes he
would jump on Bill's back, sometimes
on Joe's, and ride along, sitting as
safely as if lie were on the wagon
seat. Pretty scon people began 'o
expect Snapper whenever they saw
Bill and Joe.
One night Snapper kept ths boys'
father's house and barns from being
burned. All -he people were in bed.
Joe and Bill were asleep in the shed
between the house and bams. Snap
per was out running around. All of
a sudden he began to bark and bark.
Tbe beys cried "shut up.” but he t-;>t
it up more wildly than ever. They
thought he must, bo crazy. Then Joe
and Bill began to bark with him and
went out and then he found the barn
on firei. He and the buys just manag
ed to put it out. A few moments
more and the tiro could not hav •
been stopped, and all me buildings
woud have gone.
'Alter the fire was out all patted
Snapper on the head anti told him
.what a good dog he had been, and
Bill ami Joe stood hiking at hitb and
wagging their tails, as if they were
also very proud of him and of what
he did to save their home.—Brooklyn
Eagle.
The Atninl>l* r?rwiirv.
Mr. Cassowary now has a home in
Bronx park, where lie and Mrs. Casso
wary enjoy life and love in a cottage
and take daily exercise m their front
yard. Mr. Cassowary, howev >r, is
not a native American. He anti his
ancestors have ah'ays lived in th<>
islands of the Malay archipelago, es
pecially ihe Moluccas and the isle of
Papua. While Mr. Cassowary dots
not entirely approve of American
ways, he seems to lie trying to culti
vate a cheerful and amiable spirit un
der all conditions.
Mr. Cassowary is not handsome. He
has ra.hc-r short, thick legs, a body
like a big black sheep, with long wool,
for his feathers resemble long, smooth
strips of wool as much as anythin-;.
He ha- r.o tail feathers, and his wings
are small. He has a long neck, and
his head is really handsome. His
eyes are big, brown and sparkling;
his ncs.? is sharp, anti on his head he
wears an impressive horny crest. He
also wears a handsome necklae- of red
and blue beaTllike wattles, and he
seems proud ot this.
The other day he scorned in an espe
cially gay and festive ipood; and he
danced about with a step tha, would
have won him a prize in any cakewalk.
He poised cn one leg and executed
a Highlar. 1 .ling, and then went gayiy
dancing across the yard and back
again in high glee. A family of pea
cocks occupy the cottage next to the
cassowaries, and while Sir. Casso
wary was dancing so merrily on,e of
the young peacocks lifted up his voice
and sang a dirge. It you have ever
heard of a peacock sing you will won
der that it did not take the spirit out
of Mr. Cassowary. But it didn’t. He
gave one bright and scornful glance
at Mr. Peacock and went on dancing
as joyfully as ever.—-New York Tri
bune.
Vizcy Wliitufoot’* I(4>Rion.
Piggy Whitefoot lived down by the
edg-j of the meadow with his mother
and brothers and sisters. who all
stayed at home quietly, tr.u Piggy
Whitefoot running on it! Was ever
One day, when his mother wasn’t
looking, he scrambled over the side of
the sty and away he ran. It was
great fun!
What was this long, sandy place in
front of him? Truly, lie believed it
wa3 a road—a real road—and Piggy
Whitefoot running for it! Was ever
anything so fine? How far lie could
go! He didn’t know before that reads
were so long.
Then he heard a great shouting:
“Piggy Whitefoot is out! Piggy
Whitefoot is out!”
Then the children came rushing
toward him, waving their hands, and
one boy had a stick.
Piggy was almost frightened to
death. Seme of the children were in
the road in front of him, soi ha could
n't run that way, and one boy had
raced down the road and was behind
him. and he couldn't go there, of
course: and he didn’t know any other
way to find his home.
So he squealed and squealed aa
loudly as he knew how, and ran round
and round, and at last, all out of
breath, be rushed in at the open bprn
door, just where Mr. Bates, the chil
dren’s papa, had hoped he would go.
On he ran through the barn, away
into the corner, where he crept under
some nay.
The piggy thought he was safe. No
body could see him now. and he would
lie still, and by and by the people
would give up hunting for him, and
when they had gone away, he would
just race back to hir, mother. Then
wouldn’t it be fun to tell his brothers
and sisters how smart he had been,
and what a gay time he had been en
joying?
But that wasn’t at all what hap
pened.
Just as he was thinking how smart
he was. Mr. Bales reached under the
hay, and. taking hold of Piggy's hind
: leg, pulled him out.
“Now,” said Mr. Bates to the chil
dren, "we must drive Piggy back to
| his mother."
So ;hey started Piggy down the road
and they all came on behind him.
But Piggy Whitefoot didn’t wish to
he driven home. Ho know his broth
ers would make fun of him; so he
stood still and wouldn’t go.
Then Papa Bates took a whip and
1 whipped Piggy, but it didn't hint much
; so he didn’t move.
"What shall we do with this bad
pig?” said Papa.
Then ho whistled for Billy. Billy
i was the puppy. His name was Daffy
Down Billy, but they called him Billy
I for short.
Papa knew that Dilly wouldn’t bite,
no he said to him. “Chase the pig.
1 Billy. Go for him!”
Dilly nislied after Piggy Whitefoot
: with a very loud bark. Piggy didn’t
: like this. bu„ still he didn’t want to go
' home, so ne ran round and round
again, with Diliy at. his heels. Papa
Bates trying to make him start down
! she road, and the children all laugh
ing and clapping their hands.
Papa soon saw that something more
must be done, if they were to gee
Piggy in the sty that night; so ho
; brought a rope, which he tied to one
of Piggy's hind feet, and down the
road tic y started.
But Piggy Whitefoot was very
naughty; so Papa iiad to lift him
along a little way at a time. Piggy
i would run a few steps, and stop short,
until Papa lifted litn. along again.
Little by little they came to the
stv. Then Papa took the rone and
I tied two of Piggy’s feet together, and
put him in with his mother.
How Piggy’s brothers and sisters did
laugh a*' the funny way in which he
walked with his feet tied together.
Hir. mother told him she hoped lie had
! learned a lescTfii, and would mind her
after this.
Piggy Whitefoot didn't like all this
at all; so when it was dark ho began
lilting the rope. He worked all night
at it. pulling and nibbling the rope
until before morning he had broken
it in two.
Now, you wouldn’t have thought ho
; would try to get out of his sty again
aft":' all his trouble the other time;
I but Piggy wanted to show his broth
; its and sisters that lie was smart,
after all; so he scrambled over ihe
j side of the sty once more, and away
; he ran.
Mot up the road this time! Oh, no!
He remembered what happened when
:u- went .there, so lie ran quite another
v.-ay today, out Into the green mea
i dow.
How lovely and soft the grass was.
|He put his little pink nose down
among the grass roots, and overturned
some of them and took a bite. They
won* so sweet. Oh, bis mother and
brothers and sisters were silly not to
get any of these nice things to eat
and race about in the big meadow.
But what was that big thing running?
11. wasn’t a pig, for pigs were never
: so tall; and it. was brown, too, and it
. had funny things like branches grow
ing out. on the sides cf its head; and
i oil! hear! dear, it was running right
toward him!
Piggy Whiiefoot was scared. He
squealed and ran ns fast as he could
go. He could hear those big feet
hurrying alter him. What ever should
he do? Louder and louder he squealed.
Nearer and nearer came the feet. He
looked back just once, and he saw the
big brown head down almost to the
groiVk and right at his heels. His
curly tail hung down as straight as a
siring, he was so frightened; and he
rushed up to the sty, squealing:
“Quick, mother; oh, quick! open the
door and let me in!”
His mother .couldn’t think what in
the world had happened, but she
palled and pushed at the door as
as she could.
“Piggy Whitefoot.. I can’t move this
door an inch,” she squealed; “you’ll
have to get in the same way you went
out.”
But Piggy couldn’t get in the way
he went out; that was the trouble.
Just as his mother spoke, the big
brown head caught him up on its
horns and threw him right over into
the sty, as much as to say, “Now, let's
see if you’ll mind your mother!”
Piggy Whitefoot was frightened al
most to death, and he neves tried to
be smart again.
Papa Bates often wondered why
Piggy was so quiet ever after that day.
OKI Brindle, the cow, knew ail about
it, but she never told.—New York Mail
and Express.
THE BRUNSWICK DAILV ffBWS.
MAKING PEARL BUTTONS
MUSSEL SHELLS INI THE MISSISSIPPI
A SOURCE CF WEALTH.
CliiiiH Sfn Trad** Dronpt— "Not an I’ncnin
m" llilnju fm* a t ilic*i man t Kim!
l'**apln, am! Out* (inn \\ K** , *m ly
i'o'tl for the Hnmlrtoute Suiu 1 #*,":>()0.
In the matter of the msnrfacture
of pear! buttons the centre of activity
has shifted from the China t-’ a to the
river towns of this Mississippi . ection,
writes the Muscatine (.Iowa) corres
pondent cf the Philadelphia Record,
Altogether unknown in mis region a
dozen years ago, this industry has
grown to such proportions that it now
employs the services of thousands of
people, and the output has become ~o
great that it materially affects the but
ton market of the world.
About twelve years ago a German
button maker of the same of Boeple
wandered into Muscatine from the olu
country. He saw for the first time the
mussel shells of the Mfssisippi river.
He examined them closely and express
ed the opinion that they were good
material for buttons. l T p to this time
soft water shells were considered im
practicable for any such us?, and au
thorities on the subject were naturally
skeptical in regard to Bocple’s opinion
of their usefulness. He persisted in
claiming that the “niggerhead” mussel
from the waters of the Mississippi riv
er would make, If properly handled and
finished, the finest pearl buttons yet
produced. He took some specimens
to the factories at Waterbury. Conn.,
and after considerable experimenting
one concern there determined that
with some changes in their machinery
the shell of the strange mussel from
Ihe “great, father of waters" would
make a button to i oiffpete with the
best of those from other parts of the
world.
First one concern and then another
began to use the Mississippi shell, un
til the foreign one was almost aban
doned. In the beginning the shells
were shipped East in the rough and
prepared for use after their arrival
there, but the freight rates were so
high that one enterprising firm soon
shipped Hint part of its machinery
which makes tha “blanks” out to Mus
catine, and what generally results
when some pioneer leads the way to
a good thing, others soon profited by
the example and came also. The indus
try has spread both up and down the
river, until almost every town of any
importance, from St. Paul. Minn.,
to Alton. 111., is now engaged in some
form of the industry.
The manner of catching the mussels
is interesting. A fisherman equips him
self with what is known to the elan as
a “John boat." This is a flatboat on the
order of a scow, about 20 feet long
and’ 3 1-2 feet. wide. Upon the inside
of the boat are placed eight uprights,
which are between three and four feet
high, and have erotebed tops. Four
of the uprights are placed on each side
of the boat, at just enough distance
apart to accommodate the four 10-foot
pieces of inch gaspipe that rests upon
them. To each of the gaspipes is at
tached 20 l’our-foot stagons, similar to
those used on an ordinary trot line,
and each stagon has four hooks, with
four prongs.
The fisherman goes out in his “John
boat” with as much confidence as if it
were the finest craft afloat. Once in the
stream he casts his gaspipes, one by
one. As the hooks drag along the
bottom of the river they come in con
tact with the open shells of the mus
sels. immediately close up on
them. Thus attached they are brought
to the surface and taken off. The dis
tance the hooks arc dragged each time
depends altogether on the thickness of
the bed, and varies from three boat
lengths to an eighth of a mile.
The rivers of Arkansas are said to
be so thick with mussel bed that they
crop out of the water when it. is low.
The men put on rubber boots and
shovel the shells Into the boat:-;. In Ihe
Upper Mississippi district shells are
quoted in car lots, ranging from 15 to
30 ton in weight, but the Arkansas
have astounded everybody in
the business by sending out quotations
on 500-ton lots and promptly filling all
order sent them. The men sell the
mussels to Ihe button factory o >c:ators
at. so much per 100 pounds. The wages
they make depend upon their diligence
and the luck they meet with in getting
in a thick bed, but range from $1.50
to $5 per day. There k: one big mussel
bed near Canton, Mo., about eight
miles in length.
The process of making the shells in
to buttons is interesting. The shells
are first cut up into blanks the exact
size of the buttons are going to be;
then they go to the grinder, a machine
which grinds the black off .hem;
after that to the facing machine,
which cuts the face on them; noxi. to
the backer which bevels the hack;
then the drill which puts ;n the eye
holes; from here they go to thf polish
ing room, where the glossy finish is
put upon them; after that they are
sorted, put on cards and boxed up.
There are about l’ori.y factories in
Muscatine, and Ihe amount paid out
weekly in wages is SIO,OOO. There are
factories in Davenport. Fort Madison,
Burlington, Quincy, LaGrange, Can
ton and many other points.
There is an added interest in the
business of mussel fishing on account
of the likelihood of finding pearls. It
is not an uncommon thing for a fish
erman to find a pearl valued at SIOO,
and one lucky fellow found a beauty
which sold for SSOOO. Every follower
of the business has a little bottle fill
ed with specimens, which eventually
find their way to the market.
When a girl’s face is her fortune she
•:n’t afraid of pickpockets.
BRAIN AND INTELLECT.
A Sul>jp<’t Wit loh Constitutes ;t Novel
Point in Science.
The exact scat in the brain of the
highest intellectual faculties has
formed a moot point In science since
the functions of the organ of mind
began to be investigat’d with accu
racy. says tiie London Chronicle. The
! general consensus of opinion localizes
| what wo term "mind” in the prefrem
! al lubes of the brain, hut by another
| school of thinkers the hinder lobes
have been credited with performing
our highest, cerebral duties. The bal
balauce of evidence, i should say. is
decidedly in favor of the former view,
and recent researches and observa
tions by Dr. Phelps, an American in
vestignt u', would appear to assist in
strengthening the opinion that the
most important portion of Tie brain
is its anterior region. In tile courts
of investigation in question some 295
cases of brain injury and diseases were
examined. In all save two it was not
ed that interference of extensive na
ture with the prefrontal region result
ed in serious disturbance of the men
ial faculties. Less severe injury pro
duced loss marked effects. These
facts parallel the researches of oiher
investigators, and they are further
substantiated by what is observed in
cases of idiocy connected with a want,
of development of the frontal lobes of
the brain.
As to tlii’ relative importance of the
wo lobes or halves of the cerebrum,
or chief brain mass, most of us know
that each halt governs the opposite
side of the body, ar. i that, as we are
right, handed, so we may be called
left brained. The superiority in func
tional importance of our left brain
is not qiies* lolled, and it is therefore
interesting to ij n.l Dr. Phelps insist
ing. from the results of his investiga
tions, that our left brain lobe is really
the intellectual half. The right half,
it is added, is capable of sustaining
severe injtuy without, marked mental
effects supervening, and cases' are
quoted in support of this fact. In
deed, such eases have frequently puz
zled physiologists, seeing that the dis
turbance ot the intellect lias in no
sense been commensurate with the in
jury In the luain. On the notion of
i-c greater importance of our left
brain and on the theory that severe
injuries which do not produce utter
mental breakdown really involve the
right lobe, the puzzling constitution
of the brain may be explained in part
at least. But the lad. word lias not.
yet been said concerning the brain's
ways and work. Injuries of the left
half do not always produce serious
effects as regards the mental life,
while we have had some physiologists
insisting that we have really two
brains, and that while the left lobe is
Lie Jekyll of the intellect, Lie right
on occasion at least., is apt to play the
part of Hyde. A fascinating theory
! this, but one to whicn sober science
■ is uot likely to append it3 imprimatur.
'I lin lliglit Wnv lo Drink V.'alnr.
Professor Silkham says that there
j are few people who thoroughly realize
the value of water as a beverage, or
who know now lo obtain the greatest
advantage from it. The effects pro
duced by the drinking cf water vary
with tiie manner i.i which 11. Is drunk.
If, for instance, a pint of cold water
:- e swallowed us a large draught, or if
it be taken in too large portions with
a short interval between certain delfl
nite results follow—effects which
l dlft v, r from those which would have
followed if the same quantity were
I taken by sipping. Sipping is a wonder
ful stimulant to the circulation, a
thing which ordinary drinking is not.
During the process of stuping the action
of the nerves which slow tho heart in
abolished, arul a consequence the
organ contracts much inor rapidly, the
pulse heats more quickly and the cir
culation in various parts of tbe body its
Increased. In addition lo this, we find
the pressure under which the bile is
secreted Is raised by that sipping ol
fluid. And here is a point which
might well be noted by our readers. A
glass of water slowly sipped will pro
duce a greater acceleration of the
pulse for a time than a glass of wine or
spirits taken at a draught. In this
connection it, may not be out of place to
mention that sipping cold water will
often allay the craving for alcohol
in these- who have been in the habit
of taking too much of it, and may be
endeavoring to reform, tbe effect being
probabely duo to the stimulant action
of thf sipping.—Hamilton Times.
An Unlucky Anthem.
The rural choir in one of the up
country villages, which has become
somewhat of a summer resort, had
ben a su. ee:-;-'. for many years. But this
season, in order to impress the “city
folks,” it. was determined to introduce
some in;proven. cute. The old's ni.-ni
bers of the congregation opposed this,
but the young people won a partial vic
tory. and it was decided, that one song
at least should be sung in up-to-date
fashion. All would have gone v.">H
had not the choice of the hymn been
unfortunate. In this particular hymn
the line occurs:
“And bow before Thy throne.”
According to what the conservative
members called in disgust “new-fan
gled notions.” the tenor and soprano
were to hold the notes on the line until
the rest of the choir came in on the
alto and bass. The result was that, tho
line was sung in this rather startling
manner;
“And bow-wow-wow-wow-wow-wow
wov.’-wow-v, ovv-wow,
And bow-wow-wow befoae Thy
throne.' 1
Somehow the effect on the congre
gation did not sem edifying. The
choir has gone back to the old-fash
ioned method of singing.—New York
Times '
1 SfggfSji
lv tttoii tor t Ith uaii'v i tM.
The allowing rations are suggested
by Professor H. J. Waters of the Mis
i souri Agricultural college: Corn and
' cob meal six pounds, wheat meal live
pounds, gluten or cottonseed meal
2 1-2 pounds, cowpea, alfalfa or clover
hay six pounds; another ration is
, eight to 12 pounds corn and cob meal,
j with all the alfalfa or cowpea hay the
I cows will eat; the third ration is eight
| pounds corn and cob meal of seven
pounds corn meal, fcci pounds cotton
j seri.l or gluten meal. To al! . ae above
j rations add as much straw, corn fodder
| or sorghum hay as the cows will cat.
; Li must ho remembered that these
j amounts arc simply suggestive. Some
cows will require muon larger quan
tities, while others will not utilize
those amounts profitably. The period
of location will have much to do with
it. Toward the end. of tho milking
period the flow begins to decrease and
it may be advisable to reduce the al
lowance somewhat.
liktohrlim; th* Iteet' Supjily.
It is very plainly seen t.iat in the
j rapid narrowing of the western cattle
ranges in public land by entry and set
tlement, that the increase of bec-f must
come from some other source. What
is it? As plainly it is a iac. that this
increase must come through pure bred
cattle. The country can come to this
a, certainly as it did to pure bred
swine, which is the rule now, and not
the exception, as in beef cattle. Bure
blood will increase the beef supply
by making 1201) to lino cattle in 21
months, whereas such beef now re
quires, as a rule, 36 months. That is,
the same acres which now produce
feed stuffs for 1.000 pounds of best will,
with pure cattle, produce 1500 pounds
of beef, though growing no more grain
or forage. But another condition to
ward which we are moving rapidly,
and which of course must add in a
marked measure to the additional in
crease in beef production, is that ot
leeding a balanced ration. —Indiana
Farmer.
Ui>Hlrut'tioii of WoeiU.
There are two classes of weeds—
those that come from seeds and those
which are propagated principally by
means of their roots. Weeds which
spring up from seeds can be destroyed
by successively bringing the seeds in
the soil lo the surface, where they ger
minate. The seeds of some weeds have
great vitality and remain in the soil
lor years. Some are enclosed In clods
and are retained for another season,
but when the clods are broken and
lho weed seeds exposed to warmth
near the surface, they are put out of
existence by the harrow as soon as
they germiante, for which reason it is
impossible to ib ar a piece of land
from weeds in a season unless every
clod is pulverized. The oft-repeated
inquiry: “From whence come the
weeds?” may bo answered: “From
flic clods.” The weeds that spring
from roots are cut up, checked and
prevented from growing by sequent
cultivation, because they cannot exist
tor a great length >f lime unless per
mitted to grow. If no leaves are al
lowed in such plants they perish from
suffocation, because they breathe
through the agency of the leaves. The
advantages derived by the soil in the
work of weed destruction reduces the
cost of Will fare on the weeds for ev
ery time the harrow or cultivator is
used the manure is more intimately
mixed with the coil, more clods are
broken, a greater proportion of plant
food is offered to the roots, the loss
of moisture is less me and and the ca
j pacify of the plants of tha crop to se
-1 euro more food is increased. The
| cost of the destruction of weds should
] not by charged to the accounts of , a
! single year only, as thorough work
during the season may obliterate the
j weeds entirely, or so reduce their num
ber as to make the (ost of their de
struction during succeeding years but
j a trifle. —Puiladeiphia Record.
I>GHtmm’Hvr (>r<i|Hi Woi tnu.
Several bulletins have baen issued
in recent years both by the state ex
periment station and the department
of agriculture, calling particular at
tention to the grape root worm which
lias proved a most formidable foe to
tbe grape vineyards cf the great Chau
tauqua belt in New \ork. The worm
has also made its appearance in other
grape-growing sections of the country,
and the total damage amounts to many
thousands of dollars every year. Tho
worst damage done by the worms i3
to the roots of the grapevine. The
beetles feed on the leaves of the vines,
but tiie grubs eat at the roots of the
vines. until they gradually lost vital
ity arid die. The appearance of a vine
thus attacked is puzzling to the grow
er, for there is no apparent reason for
its slow decay. The question of eon-
Irolling the past and exterminating it
is not one easy to solve. The young
grubs burrow into the soil, and (heir
pre sent, there cannot easily be detected
until the vine has been permanently
injured. One method of limiting their
work is to destiny the nestles when
they make their appearance on the
leaves. They can be jarred from tho
vine and destroyed once or twice a
week, and by this method far fewer
grubs will appear in the ground to in
jure the roots. The young grubs when
attacked move rapidly and disappear
in the ground, and it is almost impos
sible to destroy them. Exeperiinents
should be made by spraying the soil
under the vines with crude petroliuni
oil or some insecticide. It is possible
that a little precaution like t’.iis will
keep the grubs away from the roots if
it will not kill them. What is needed
is a little individual experiment on
NOVEMBER 9
the part of all the grape growers where
tue grubs appear. It has been found
that chickens greedily eat the beetles
and grub, and turning loose flocks of
hens in the vineyard in the summer
may have a distinct effect in keeping
down the pests. Experiments are now
being extensively carried on, and fur
ther reports will appear later. Prof.
S. N. Doty, in American Cultivator.
K -Piling; Milk.
Although milk can turn ropy under
a temperature falling close to frost
line, yet warm weather favors its fre
quency. It is useless to blame it upon
the cow as so many do. .The ropiness
ot milk is caused by a specific bacillus
in the milk or cream, which bacillus
is brought out ot streams and reaches
the milk first by either washing the
milk vessels in the water, or the mud
artbering to i.ie iow, and the milkman
letting it get into the milk. The ba
cillus oiKe started strongly, will cling
to the milk vessels, the cream pitches
or bottle indefinitely, unless they are
thoroughly cleansed each time after
using. Lnd the only right, way to do
ibis when the milk gets ropy is to sub
merge them all each time for not less
than five minutes in boiling water.
Look especially to the strainer; half
the time it is responsible for the ropy
condition of the milk. Do not blame
Hie milkman and ruin his trade with
your complain.s until first you are sure
the lack of cleanliness, in this respect,
docs not iie wit.i your own neglect
in not scalding' out as it should be, the
receptacle you keep the milk in after
he brings it to yon. Milk never ropes
uiiiil it has stood for several hours,
long enough to give the bacilli time
to get in their work.
Unless we know exactly what and
where the milk comes from, as to the
health of tho cows, and carefulness of
tho dairyman, it i3 just as well to
pasteurize the milk ourselves. This is
done by putting the vessel containing
it into one containing water brought
to and kept at a temperature of 155
degrees, for from 10 to 20 minutes,
stirring the milk often to distribute the
heat evenly tluough it. This tempera
ture Kills practically about all the dang
erous substances in it, and when cooled
still leaves it with the fresh milk flavor.
Running the heat higher will give it
the cooked flavor, and Injures it3 di
gestibility. To keep milk fresh for
days, put it into bottles, the bottles
into a saucepan of cold water, grad
ually bring to a boil, instantly cork,
put back into the water and bring to
a boil again, allowing it to boil for a
minute or two, iet gradually cool in
the same water, fasten the corks in
so that no air possibly can touch the
with. —Agricultural Optimist.
Autumn Tr? Planting.
The season for tree planting again
approaches, and we feel called upon to
again urge the importance of doing
this in the fall of the year. The ad
vantages of planting at this season
are so many and so important that we
again enumerate them:
Firsst—Better trees can be obtained
at tho nurseries now than in tho
spring. Often ail the best trees are
sold in the fall, and only second and
third gTade stock left for those who
have their orders until spring.
Second —The danger of substitution
of varieties at the nursery is less in the
autumn than in the spring. Very fre
quently all the varieties are sold at
ihe nurseries for fail delivery.
| Third—The nurserymen have more
i time to dig and pack their stock at this
season than in the si ring. Mistakes,
hence, arc now less liable to occur,
trees are dug with better and larger
; roots, they are better packed, and tho
I weather is also generally more favor
able for the handling of the young
stock after it is dug.
All these are advantages at the nur
series. At the farm there are also ad
vantages.
There is more time to plant, the trees
liesurely and with care. Fall planted
trees will generally all grow, while it
is nearly certain tha: some planted in
the spring will die. The tree planted
in the fall at once begins to prepare
lor growth the next season. Even if
new roots are not formed, the cut roots
term callouses which throw out root
lets on the earliest warm days in
spring. Then the earth settles itself
about the rootlets, end dry v/eather
in the spring will have no effect on tha
newly planted stock.
To illustrate this point: The pres
ent season we placed an order for a
number of fruit and ornamental trees.
Although the order was placed early,
the trees reached us very late, with the
result that more than half of then
■failed to grow. Generally a better
growth will bo obtained the first year
from fall planted trees.
li is well again to call attention to
the importance of purchasing trees
of reliable dealers. If an agent is dealt
with he should he required to show
that he really lias authority to sell for
the nursery no claims to represent,
li is not generally safe to purchase
of dealers who have no nurseries, for
ihe danger of substitution is in such
cases greater than when the order is
placed direct with ihe nursery firm.
It is well, also, to remember that many
varieties of fruits hove strictly local
\ allies. The best persons to make up
a list of fruit tree-s lor one are those
in the neighbornood who are success
ful growers of fruit..
A final caution to the buyer: Make
a map of the orchard, marking on it
r.ot only the name of each tree, but
also the firm of whom purchased. This
will enable one to locate the dealers
who make substitutions in orders, for
w hile one cannot bat be disappointed
to find in his orchard trees he did not
order, still, it is a satisfaction to be
able to place one's hand3 upon the
firm which macle the substitution.—
Dr. George G. Groff, in New York Tri
bune Farmer.