Newspaper Page Text
GIBSON RtCbM * )
Published to Furnish the People ot Glascock Coun ty a Weekly Newspaper dud as a Medium for the Advancement of the Public Good of the County.
VOL. XXXIX. No. 19.
MORE THAN 80% OF $25,000,000.00 SALES TAX PROPOSED
WOULD BE PAID BY THE PEOPLE WITH SMALL INCOMES
That more than $20,000,000.00 of the $25,000(000.00 sales tax
proposed by the Speaker, of the House would be paid, hy the peo
ple of Georgia earning small incomes, is a statement that clan be
proved beyond all question. The American Consumer Market,
published hy the McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, shows that
78% of all retail sales in America are made to people with small
incomes. In Georgia, unquestionably the percentage runs still
higher. Therefore, more than 80% of any sales tax in Georgia
would be paid hy the people of small means.
It has been stated that the $25,000,090.00 slates tax would
simply be a shifting of taxes. That statement maybe true. It
would shift to the backs of the masses of the people of Georgia
literally millions of dollars in taxes which are now being paid
'By public service corporations and other large corporations.
Page 396 of the report of the Comptroller General of Georgia for
the year 1931 shows that public service corporations paid state
and county taxes of more than $5,000,900 in Georgia, in 1931, un
der the advalorem system. Since they would pass on to the pub
lic the proportion of, the 5% sales tax applicable to them, this
$5,009,000 most assuredly would be shifted from them to the
backs of the people of Georgia. Other millions paid hy wealthy
property owners would also be shifted in like manner. But the
man who owns a small home would pay more under the 5% sales
tax than any relief he could possibly get.
A 5% sales tax would stifle and destroy business in Georgia.
So much business would be driven out of the state to escape the
tax, that additional thousands would be added to Georgia’s un
employed. It would reduce the purchasing power of the masses
so drastically that the market for Georgia’s farm products w’ould
be still further restricted. Not an automobile could be sold in
Georgia unles* the dealer absorbed the lax, because no person
would pay a Georgia dealer from $30.90 to $100.00 more for an
automobile than the price for which is could be bought in an
adjoining state.
A 5% sales tax would be the mast damnable thing ever fast
ened on the people of Georgia. Under the income tax law, ability
to pay is given consideration, in that a single man pays no tax
on his earnings up to $1500.00, and a married up to $3500.00, and
then the tax is only 1% on the first $5,000 above the exemption.
Under the 5% sales lax, a poor man earning say only $1,000, and
spending it all to feed and clothe his family, would pay a 5%
tax on his entire income. No wonder Governor Pinchot, of Penn
sylvania stated, among other tilings: “A sales tax amounts, in
effect, to a gradualed income tax reversed, for under it the smaller
a man’s income the larger percentage of it goes to pay the tax.”
Under the plan of collection of the 5% sales tax proposed by
the Speaker of the House, the tax collectors of the various coun
ties would help collect the tax, and each of them would get a slice
of the pie. All of the merchants of the state would be made tax
collectors to gather in the tax from their customers, and would
get nothing for their services. In fact, they would be forced to
pay the full 5% on their gross sales, regardless of whether they
collect it all from their customers or not. Under such a plan a
political machine would be built up in Georgia the like of which
has never been seen in any state.
So drastic in nature and so revolutionay in character is this
proposal of the speaker of the house that the people of Georgia
should he given an opportunity to vote on it, after having all
phases of the plan explained clearly to them, before Georgia
should even think of trying it out.—Communicated.
SCHOOL COSTS TOO HIGH
The country is beginning to realize that the cost of our schools
is too high and that drastic economies must be instituted to bring
them more in line with present conditions.
While business and private budgets have been cut to the hone
during the past three years, the overhead for education has, in
the main, been on the increase.
Largely responsible for the heavy tax burden for education
are live “faddists” who have foisted upon school committees and
superintendents a multitude of unnecessary and costly new no
tions of pseudo-education.
Between these educational fads and the old narrow schedule
of the three It’s, there is the wise, prudent middle course of a
sound educational program which would save nijuny millions of
dollars each year to the taxpayers of the nation.
From 1915 to 1920 the cost of public education in the United
States nearly doubled, and an almost equal gain was registered
from 1920 to 1925.
In the latter year the National Education Association defended
this tremendous increase By citing the “loss in value of the dol
lar”—hut now that the dollar has a purchasing power even great
er than in 1915, we find our school costs still skyrocketing.
Business has met this increase in the value of the dollar by
making each dollar go farther, and the same thing is true of the
family exchequers of the land, living costs having been reduced
23 per cent since December, 1929.
Our public schools must Be kept open, and must properly edu
cate the youth of the country for the battle with life, but it is
unreasonable to expect that the public is longer willing to be
taxed for educational costs so out of line with other costs.
In 1931 we spent the staggering total of $3,200,000,000 for ed
ucation, the larger part of which went in salaries to 1,029,000
teachers. Some communities have already seen the necessity for
cutting these salaries, in line with the reduced income of those
engaged in every other line of endeavor.
Those teachers who have not had their salaries reduced are
now receiving, in view of the increased vlalue of the dollar, a
greater than 30 per cent increase over their 1929 pay, as against
the drastic reduced salary scales of workers in industry and bus
iness, many of whom, in addition, are working on short time.
An example of how educational costs can be cut without dam
age to efficiency, is presented in the saving of more than a half
million dollars effected by the Georgia board of regents during
1932. Despite this drastic reduction, the institutions of higher
learning in this state rendered better service than ever before in
their history.. 1
What has thus been accomplished by the universities and col
leges of Georgia can, and must, be done by the entire public
school system of the nation.
It can be accomplished by throwing to the discard the prac
tically worthless fol-de-rols and fads with which our educa
tional system has been loaded down during the past two de
cades, by the institution of more businesslike methods of oper
ation of our schools.—Atlanta Constitution.
GIBSON, GA., WEDNESDAY, MARCH 22, 1933.
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Economic Highlights
At Home and Abroad
Happenings that affect the din
ner pails, dividend checks and
tax bills of every individual.
National and international prob
lems inseparable from local wel
fare, as reported by The Indus
trial News Bureau:
—o—
Headline news has surrounded
the widespread bank holiday
which spread from Michigan and
Louisiana to Oregon, California,
New York and other states, and
finally culminated with the gen
eral holiday declared by the
President. In no instance were
these accompanied by any wide
spread public uneasiness. There
has been nothing even remotely
resembling panic. Holidays were
declared to give time to prepare
and pass legislation designed to
protect deposits. Immediately
preceding the general bank holi
day trade reviews reported steady
improvement in the business pic
ture. Favorable factors out
numbered the unfavorable—a
very detinite change from con
ditions of a few months ago.
Bradstreet’s pointed to belter
hank clearings, as compared witli
a year ago, the decline in bus
iness failures, signs of stability
in the wholesale food price in
dex, and the evident satisfac
tion of industry in general over
action taken to repeal prohibi
ion. A noticeable strengthening
of the public morale—shown,
for example, in improved secu
rity prices—accompanied the in
auguration of President Roose
velt. Further strengthening of
confidence resulted from the
constructive inaugural address
in which the President made a
flat-footed stand for sound
money.
—o—
A note of hopefulness is
sounded by leaders of the oil
industry. Advances in prices,
especially in the mid-continent
field, are expected in the immedi
ate future. Good sign is the
concerted effort by the industry
and state officials to keep illegal
oil out of the marken. Bad sign,
so far as the industry and most
motorists are concerned, is that
higher gas taxes—which now
range from 3 to 12 cents a gal
lon—are contemplated in 18
states.
While the wage commission is
still deadlocked in the anthra
cite coal industry’s wage dis
a movement has been gain-
ing momentum among the min
ers to increase employment and
markets through lower wages.
Since 1912 wages of hard coal
miners have increased, on the
average, 310-per cent. In addi
lion, the eight hour day has re
place#-the ten hour day. It is
widely believed that anthracite
can regain its losl market only
if the price is lowered—wages
must then drop accordingly. In
connection with this, it is inter
esting to note that a. division of
the American Institute of Min
ing and Metallurgical Engineers
forecasts that use of oil and
gas for energy production will
double within 20 years and that
use of coal will steadily decline.
—o—
Farm prices have been steady
ing. Changes have been small,
with cotton, grain and cattle lip,
and eggs, butler, veal calves,
hides and potatoes down. Agri
cultural credit extended l>y the
three banking systems under the
supervision of the Federal Farm
Loan Board increased by over
•$38,000,000 last year. Latte
posed plan to aid agricultture is
that the government lease 50,
000 acres of land and keep them
out of production for a year.
I.ate reports on major indus
tries show:
Railroads—Car loadings good
early in 1933.
Lumber—Leaders hopeful of
slight improvement in next two
months.
Steel—Iimnediaite outlook un
certain, due to almost complete
absence from market of the rail
roads and the indefinite future of
•the purchasing by motor indus
try.
Tobacco—First effect of price
cutting by “big four” 15c cigar
ette makers, was shown in Jan
uary figures, when sales of “roll
your-own” declined 9.2 per cent
as against 3.8 per cent in “ready
mades.”
Automobile—Sales fairly sat
isfactory for this time of year.
(Seasonal decline in production
has occurred.
—O—
Unemployment in Germany
now smaller than a year ago,
with business fairly stable on
low’ level. Production index has
strengthened in France. Swiss
business marking time; unfa
vorable trade balance rose last
year. Canadian business quiet.
Business stagnant in Philip
pines. Business trend is strong
in Australia, with government
finances improved^ Indo-Chi
nese foreign trade slightly im-
SUBSCRIPTION $1.00 PER YEAR
DESIGNERS OFFER
BRAND , lt _ , NEW STYLES
___
Objectionable Features of Cos*
tumes Wiped Out.
Shut y*ur eyes for . a moment' and
visualize on a huge panoramic slate.
all the fashions that have been conspic
uous for the past six mouths. This is
what Parisian covturlers have done,
and before they went about designing
their new models they took a sponge
and, standing before each figure on the
slute, very carefully wiped off the ob
jectionable features of each dress or
ensemble.
Then they hacked off a little to take
a look at the result and returned to
replace the obliterated sections with
their latest ideas as conceived upon
last mlstukes and successes.
Now open your eyes and see the re
sult I We have clothes that are to
day’s clothes. They are not dug out
of the wardrobe of some deceased
great lady—no matter how great she
may have been, nor how respected for
her social prestige. She had her day—
now we have ours. There are several
landmarks that characterize today’s
clothes, the chief one of which is un
ostentatiousness. Yesterday’s clothes
often have obliterated the owner—
drowned her personality in trying to
show her off to the best advantage.
Inauguration Day
The Continental congress, on Sep
ternber 13, 1788, selected the first
Wednesday In the following March as
the day on which proceedings under
the federal Constitution should be
gln - 0n that day ’ wllicl1 happened to
be March 4. the terms of congressmen
and executives began. As the terms
of these officers were set for two, four
and six years, it follows that they al
ways begin and expire on March 4.
The period between election and ln
au K uratlon was made as great as It
is because of the time required for
communication and travel In those
days between such distant states as
New Hampshire and Georgia and the
capital
Smilin'Ovirile Says—
*r * ^
t
0 -
Theso domestic new science f–ngled ideas
are Alright in th’ p–r
lor—providin’ old fashioned, tneys
«n
cook in th’ kitchen-
HOW
NUCLEUS OF A HAILSTORM
ORIGINATES IN CLOUDS.—
Formation of hall, according to
deductions of. Iloilo Russell, a
scientist who made a special stud;
of this subject, takes place in
clouds which are commonly at a
height of between 15,000 and 40,
000 feet. The prominent conditions
associated with the production of
these clouds are the expansion and
congelation of warm, moist air in
a state of cyclonic whirl, com
bined with the sudden commingling
of masses of air differing greatly
in temperature and vapor tension.
The snowflakes or spicule which
forms the nucleus of a hailstorm
originates In the uppermost cloud,
and is electrified as a result of
condensation. As It falls, particles
of Ice, or globules of water whose
temperature Is under the freezing
point, attach themselves to the
nucleus, grouping Into concentric
layers or In stellate formation.
The great variety in the shape
of the hailstones Is due to the
variable form assumed by the
primary kernel. Although asso
ciated with thunderstorms, there Is
no reason for regarding electricity
as the primary agent In the pro
duction of hall; but It Is when elec
trical storms are prevalent that
strong ascending currents, loaded
with hot and moist air, are project
ed Into the cold upper strata of
the atmosphere and electrical
clouds are formed. Large hall
usually Is preceded by an unusual
degree of heat. — Kansas City
Times.
How Counterfeit Bills
Differ From the Real
The present issue of currency has
distinctive fibers distributed across
and near the ends of the note. This
Is one of the best tests of a genuine
bill. No counterfeiter can put in silk
threads to imitate the genuine bill.
The paper of the counterfeit is always
of Inferior quality, as the government
has the best and most perfect system
““ufaeturlng ihe highest
LL ornamentfonT^" ine biii are
mathematically correct, and are made
from a machine upon which $150,000
was spent in the production, and Is,
therefore, beyond the reach of coun
terfeiters. Engraving by hand can
never imitate this work. It is said
that the portraits on counterfeit bills
are not as perfect as those on legal
ones. The first thing to do in exam
ining a suspected bill is to feel the
paper. It should have a strong tex
ture. Look to see whether the print
ing on the suspected bill is clean-cut.
The seal on the bill should be clear
and bright.
How Power I« Calculated
Various methods are used for cal
culating horse power. The S. A. E.
formula is to square the cylinder dl
ameter or bore In Inches, multiply by
the number of cylinders and divide
by the factor 2.5. This method has
Jmen criticized as assuming a eondi
Hon often Improved materially In en
glues of recent development, both In
piston speed and mean effective pres
sure, so that an engine whose S. A. E.
horse power, calculated as above, may
be only 24 may actually develop as
much as 40 horse power. Another for
mula that takes Into consideration
speed and stroke, as well as the bore.
Is: Square of the bore, multiplied by
number of cylinders, multiplied by
length of stroke, multiplied by r. p. m.
of crank shaft, divided by the con
stant 13,000 (for 4-cyllnder engine).
How to Clean Brick Wall*
Tlie bureau of standards says that
the efflorescence, or white-looking
scum, on brick work Is probably com
posed of calcium sulphate, together
with some calcium carbonate. The
best known method of removing this
scum is to wash It with a 10 per cent
solution (by volume) of muriatic acid,
followed with a washing with warm
water to remove the acid solution.
This should he done on a warm, dry
day when the acid solution and wash
water will evaporate rather than pen
etrate into the structure, and It will
probably be necessary to repeat this
procedure several times.
i
How Toad Reproduces
When it feels the urge for repro
duction the American toad J« drawn
by Instinct to some pond or lake to
mate and deposit Its eggs. These are
sometimes left free In the water but
usually they are attached to water
weeds or other objects. It Is said that
this species of toad may deposit as
many as 12,000 eggs at a laying, the
number depending somewhat ,upon the
age and size of the Individual. i
How Beet Make Honey
Honey Is a sweet substance prepared
hy bees for food for themselves and
their young, Hnd it Is made from the
sweet Juices of blossoms which la
mixed with secretions from the mouths
at the ben*.
■ J