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FOE THE FAHR AXE HOMB.
1
M .ch suffering to the horse and
ea pease to the owner may be avoided
by extra care and attention at thia
aeaaon of the year, when the constitu
tion it In a delicate condition. wj»e
--< laily at to called pink eye It very pre
valent io many portions of thh coun
try Many fatal cases hi. « been re
ported within three weeks, Anything
Which has a tendency to exhaust the
Vitality of the horse will do much
harm, and be likely to make him in a
p<< oiler measure, the subject of mall
gn nt Influenza (pink eye) Anything
which will strengthen and raise the
vital forces, will be so much of a safe
guard, and act as a preventive of dis
ease Fees! well of good, nutritious
food, work reasonably, keep from all
exposure, and be kind an.l attentive.
It will pay.
Wais • • »oe<l.
There is probably no food so good
for recuperating exhausted muscles
than good, sound, heavy oats They
are easily digested, nutritious, muscle
building and blood making in a high
degree. They are little heating, do
not tend to make horses sweat, and on
the whole are the best food a horse can
have Harley is very good, but not
equal to oats. Indian corn Is a poor
substitute, not so easily digested, heat
Ing and causing the animal to sweat.
As to system, a horse should have hay
first, then grain, and water when
these are digested, or water should lie
given half an hour at least before
feeding. Horses often have dyspepsia,
induced by liemg fed when warm, or
being worked after a full meal The
practice of feeding hard worked horses
at noon and working them iiumedl
ateiy after is of doubtful utility.
Horses will go eight and probably ten
hours without food if properly fed at
evening and morning They should
have water more frequently, but never
when hot.
Ilmira for I •rllll*rr.
Hones may be easily r«-<lmo<l to a
eoiid.tiou tor use as a fcrti l/er in this
way A pit Is made large and deep
enough to hold the bones A layer of
Wood-ashes and about one third as
inucli bme are placed in the bottom
alsmt Six Inches deep; bones are
thrown upon this to the same depth,
a second layer of bones and more
ashsa and lime are thrown In. and this
is re|>eated until a heap is made above
the level of the pit; the heap Is then
covered with more ashes and litne,
and the whole la well wetted with
Water The heap is then covered with
soil, and water is added to keep the
mass moist The lime and ashes be
Come quite hot. and soften the bones
so m ich that in two or three months
the whole m iss < an Iw mixed up wilh
a shovel, and then makes a fertilizer
worth al the market prices of the
fertilizing elements at least per
ton I'he mixture is excel lent for top
dr< - Ing giaas, < r for use on corn, and
may be appiiod in the hill It con
tains a largo quantity of phosphate of
lime, which is soluble, and is also rich
In nitrogen and potash, thus making a
Complete fertilizer—.Veir York Times
|*omac» for Kim h
I’robably few tanners know the
value of apple pom.c as a teed An
analysis by the state i-lieinist of (’on
necticut proves that fresh,well pressed
pomace "is a richer focal than anv
other vegetable except potat us ' But
apple pom ue writes a coi re-pondem
id tlie/m/iim /■'<!> uir/, Io be value
aMe, niuat lie fed while sweet, before
frtn • '.tation commence*. It should
•I' .e fed in small quantities at a
fe-.l.ng say flfteen pounds to each
head of grown cattle The practice
of some farmers of hauling out half a
wagon load at one time is not only
wasteful, tut liable to produce harm.
If fanner* who have silos. au.l who
ar<- making cider, would put therein
thur pomace and keep it sweet, it
Would richly pay for the labor It
<"oi d be led from the allo a* -weet and
11--li a* when taken freiu the press
H re 1 would remark, that if it Iles
too long on the press it begins to fer
ui.i. . which spoils it as a valuable
fuo The process of grinding the
apv « and pressing out the eider
st ci tie short, that the pomace mav
be •! or put away while sweet. It is
•*’ ted that the pomace product in
th> ailed Mates is notices thau
(kv- tons, which, if properly preserved
amt fed, would tie worth | Wjino per
year. Those facts are well w,irth the
attention of tanners who are making
Biuch cider If pomace is *o valuable
it hoove* those who produce much
of i: to make the moat out of it.
Ths Wales I test b> Sn.msle.
I’.* r drinking water ha.* ailed much
live stock, and the following from th-
Ai. w»« A'«»»n*S» is [lertment AViun
w< consider the quality of drink sup
p<ied to hogs we lune yet greater
cause to Wmder that the amount of
disease Is not greater. 1 torso*, cattle
and sheep, are given comparatively
clean waler because they will not drink
filthy water unless forced to do ao, and
liecause the opinion justly obtains that
foul water is to them destructive of
health; but hogs are given, or rather
circumstance* are allowed to supply
them with foul water because inherit
ed tendencies and education are such
that they will drink foul water, and
because the opinion unjustly obtains
that they are not, so Injuriously affect
ed by foulness of drink as are other
■niinals But we certainly ought to
i,now. and certainly we are fast learn
ing. that foul drink is Just as produc
tive '>f a diseased condition of the body
when drank by a hog a* when drank
by a horse ; and as we learn more of
the nature and cause of swine plague
we understand that so far as the health
of the animal is concerned we would
bet'er give foul water to the sheep,
cow or horse than to the hog. for foul
water prolongs the life and favors the
vigor of the bacillus, and when drank
introduces the germs of this most viru
lent of all swine diseases directly into
the bodily organs If we would safely
preserve the health of our swine we
will not force them to drink water
from pools, ditches and creeks, but will
supply them with water from a well
protected from impurities.
r.arar and Small Swine.
Large white pigs have been very
jaipnlar in England, where bacon an 1
hams are largely consumed. We have
Imported into this country good pigs
of some of these breeds, which have
made a good reputation, and among
them the twist known Is perhaps the
large Yorkshire. This name, how
ever, is not alisolutely distinctive, for
the large white breed is not peculiar
to any special county In England,
where the large Yorkshire, Lanca
shire and Lincolnshire pigs are all
classed as the large white breed. These
three counties adjoin each other, and
there is really no essential difference
between the pigs of the several loculi
lies, except as individual breeders take
pains with their herds. This lace of
swine, which is popular in that part of
England, has been much improved of
late years, although the writer, when
in that country as long as thirty years
ago, met with many animals which i
weighed from 700 to 9<X) pounds, and
these were considered as nothing un
usual as to size. A good deal has been ,
said and written of late of early niatu- .
ring pigs, animals which will reach a I
profitable weight at nine months old.
But it is altogether a matter of fancy. ;
whether an animal should weigh 300 ;
pounds in nine or ten months, or three |
times that weight at three times the
age. Certainly there Is something in
the Uses to be made of the pork which
has an influence upon the manner of
feeding the animals, ami It would not
do to have all the pigs of a very large
size. Eor some uses large sides and
hams are desirable, and it is beyond
question that the meat of a fully ma
lured pig has some qualities which
make it preferable to that of a pig
forced to great weight before its mus
cles have been matured. For some
purposes fat is more valuable than
lean, but generally "a streak of lean
and a streak of fat" in pork makes it
most desirable for foods. The large
English breeds have this peculiarity,
and on that account are preferred by
many feeders Dr. Thurber in A<jri
< nllui Ist
Iluu.«liol<t Hints.
In frying meat, lisli or fowl, never
set them buck on the stove to cool in
the grease. Always take up while
boiling hot.
I'he wings of turkeys, geese and ;
chickens are g.> *1 to wash and dean i
windows, as they leave no dust or lint, ’
as cloth.
A small dish of charcoal placed in
your meat larder w ill keep the article i
sweet and wholesome almost as ice. j
Charcoal is a great disinfectant.
Picture frame* made with a combi ,
nation of polished oak and gilt orna
meats are admirably adapted to water
color drawings, and are less expensive
than other styles.
To keep insects out of bird cages,
tie up a little sulphur in a bag and
suspend it in the cage Red ants will
never be found in closet or drawer if
a small bag of sulphur be kept con
stantly in these places.
Corn His rsi’f. Maid two cups of
corn meal in one pint of sweet milk.
I Then stir together three-quarters ol
a cup of butter, two cups of sugar and
a little -.ill, and add to it Then add
i three eggs well lieaten. a little dour
i and half a cup of hop yeast. Let it
rise the second time; then roll out, and
i let rise the third time. Bake and send
!to the table hot. This amount makes
about twenty-five biscuits.
Hashed Potatoes. -Cut four medium
sited warm lulled potatoes into small
dice, put them in a pan with a little
butter and brown slightly on the
bottom, turn out on a hot dish, throw
a napkin over it, and with the hands
shape it in an oval form; If you have
not already added salt yon can do so.
Cook.
Hoard Pig's The head must
first be boiled until sufficiently tender
to allow the bones to be taken out.
After removing these, shape the head
neatly and skewer it together (irmly;
then mix some powdered sage leaves
with pepper and salt, and sprinkle the
mixture over it. Then hang it on a
spit and roast it before a clear fire,
basting it well while roasting. When
done—which, if the lire is in proper
condition, will take about half an
hour—serve at once on a hot dish,
pouring over it a good gravy. Apple
sauce is the proper accompaniment.—
Caterer.
Pea Xoup.— Take one-half pint of
dried peas for every two quarts of
soup. Put them in three quarts of
cold water after washing them well;
bring them down slowly to a boil, and
add a bone, either from ham or fresh
meat, one turnip, on« carrot, and one
onion, and simmer for three hours,
stirring occasionally to prevent burn
ing; then pass the soup through a
sieve and stir into it one tablespoon
ful each of butter and Hour worked
together. Fry some dice of stale
bread, made by cutting a slice into
narrow strips one way to make little
cubes, and drop them into the bottom
of the soup tureen and pour in the
soup after it has boiled three minutes
with the flour and butter added.
How Eels Travel.
These baby eels travel only by day
and rest by night. In large and deep
rivers, where they probably find the
current strong, they form themselves
into a closely compacted company,
“a narrow but long extended column,”
as it lias been described; but in less
formidable streams they abandon this
arrangement, and travel, each one
more or less at his own sweet will,
near the bank. The perseverance of
these little creatures in overcoming
the obstructions they may encounter is
extraordinary. The large flood gates
sometimes twenty feet high, that are
to be met with on the Thames would
be sufficient, one would imagine, to
bar the progress of a fish the size of
a darning needle. But young eels
have a wholesome idea that nothing can
stop them, consequently nothing does.
Ah one writer says, speaking of the
way in which they ascend flood gates
and such like barriers: “Those which
die stick to the posts; others which
get a little higher meet with the same
fate, until at last a sufficient layer of
them is formed to enable the rest to
overcome the difficulty of the passage.’
The mortality resulting from such
“forlorn hopes” greatly helps to ac
count for the difference of number be
tween the upward migration of young
eels and the return of comparatively
few down stream in the autumn. In
some places these baby eels are much
sought after and are formed into
cakes, which are eaten fried. Eels
are very clean feeders; if possible, they
like their food alive, and in all casesit
is most essential that it should be fresh.
Even the slightest taint is too much
tor their keen sense of smell and taste.
They are sometimes seen cropping the
leaves of water cresses and other aquat
ic plants as they float about in the
water, but as a rule their food is altc«
gether animal. -Saturday Htcieio.
Elephant* at Baeaknist.
The elephant is the most patient,
obedient and intelligent of animals,
lie quickly learns that mind is superi
or to matter, and that man is the mas
ter of dumb brutes. Succumbing
gracefully to the inevitable, he obeys
willingly his master's order.
At a word or touch from their driv
ers, the trained elephants of India will
kneel, speak (trumpet), salaam (salute
with the trunk), stop, back, lie down,
or perform almost any service for
which their strength and skill tit them.
Even when hungry, they show the
perfection of “table-manners,” by
waiting patiently until helped by an
attendant.
While in India Mr. Hornaday saw
eight elephants marched up to break
fast, after their morning bath. Each
one's daily allowance of boiled rice,
twenty four pounds, was made up
into five balls of the size of a man's
head. and laid out on a mat. The ele
phants took their places around the
mat facing inward, two on each side,
and with the utmost decorum waited
until the cook was ready to help them.
He waited upon each elephant in
turn, taking up a ball of rice, and plac
ing it carefully in the animal's mouth,
who elevated his trunk, opened his
mouth, and received it gracefully.
There was no pushing, no self-help
ing; each elephant behaved like a gen
tleman. and remained at the table till
all had finished. Youth's Companion
CUPPIMUS FOR THE CLBIOUS.
An electrical signal travels at the
rate of 16,000 miles per second.
Absolute stagnation does not exist
anywhere in the ocean, not even at the
greatest depths.
A head of cabbage weighing thirty
nine pounds is the product of Jackson
County, Oregon.
The pistol was invented in Pistols.
In Tuscany, by Camillo Vitelli, in the
sixteenth century.
From the earliest ages mermaids
have had a legendary existence, the
sirens of the ancients evidently be
longing to the same remarkable fam
ily. The orthodox mermaid is half
woman and half fish, the fishy halt
being sometimes depicted as double
tailed.
A contemptible way of taking
pheasants, recently adopted by Eng
lish poachers, is to thread shqyL stiff
bristles throflgh soaked peas, and scat
ter them in the glades. The bristles
are so cut as to leave a part projecting
on each side of the pea. The pheas
ants eat the peas and are choked.
A telegraph on an improved plan
was invented by Jonathan Grant,
of Belchertown, Mas."., in 1799. The
inventor set up one of his lines be
tween Boston and Martha’s Vineyard,
places about ninety miles apart, at
which distance he asked a question
and received an answer in ten
minutes.
Henry Slater of Norristown, Penn.,
has a litter of seven young pigs, one
of which is a monstrosity of an un
usual type, combining with its porcine
construction a portion of a human
anatomy. At the extremity is a hand
containing a thumb and four taper
finger-, which are regular in form,
even to the nails.
“The notion of prolonging life by
inhaling the breath of young women
was,” observes Mr. AVadd, (Surgeon
Extraordinary to King William IV.). !
in his “Memorandums, Maxims and
Memoirs,” an agreeable delusion easily
credited, and one physician, who had
himself written on health, was so in
fluenced by it that he actually took
lodgings in a boarding school that he
might never be without the proper
atmosphere.”
Fear and Hydrophobia.
It is well recognized that fear or
nervous apprehension can induce a
fatal disease having nearly, if not all,
the characters of hydrophobia. But it
is not true to assert that hydrophobia
is always brought on by the mental
anxiety that a dog-bite not infrequent
ly occasions. We make these plain as
sertions because some of our weekly
contemporaries have thought lit to re
gard the “ hydrophobic panic,” as they
call it, as unwarranted and mischiev- i
ous in its working. Certainly any- I
thing like a panic is to be repressed, i
and no occasion in life can a “panic”
benefit, though it may harm a commu- I
nity. Hydrophobia is a nervous dis
ease, but it has the material cause, a
poison, which is most likely a “genu”
or micro-organism. It is a curious
fact that birds, even when inoculated
with the poison of rabies, do not suffer
from the disease. AVe have frequently
mentioned the fact that some individ
uals appear to enjoy, with birds and
other animals, the same kind of im
munity. AA’hether it is those persons
who are not given to fear or nervous
apprehension who al nays escape hydro
phobia, even though bitten by a rabid
dog, we are not in a position to state
But nothing can be more detrimental
to a bitten individual than to brood
over his misfortune, or make himself
miserable by learning all the syuitoms
of hydrophobia.— Lancet.
A Strange Lake.
"Sugar Lake, in this county,” says
the Crawford County (Penn.) Jour
nal, “is a beautiful little body of
water, and is undergoing a continual
chemical change that should attract
the attention of scientists. Eighty i
years ago the average depth of water I
in the lake was about thirty feet, but '
it is now only fifteen feet deep. The ’
surface of the water stands at high ■
water mark, but the bottom is filling '
up or rising. It is a most singular I
phenomenon that every year in the
month of August the water of the lake
becomes a milky substance, and after
a little change in the temperature,
small white particles like cheese curd
are formed and precipitated to the
bottom, and are slowly, but surely,
filling up the lake. After these parti
cles are formed and settle, the water
becomes clear and pure. At the rate
this chemical change is now going on,
fifty years more and the water of
Sugar Lake will have become solidified
into a solid loaf of sugar, or what is
more probable, formed into a great
bed of Lituburger cheese. During the
season of the year when the chemical
process is in operation there is pun
gent evidence to sustain the latter
theory.”
'TRIED FOR DESER I ION.
A Young Officer’s Trial and
Undeserved Sentence.
A Pleasing Swim that Kesulted in a Con
demnation to be Shot.
T. F. Galway tells the story of the
war in the New York Tribuw. Late
in May. 1863, a lieutenant, who had
been seriously wounded at the battle
of Fredericksburg, and, after some
weeks spent in hospital and at home,
had returned to his regiment in camp
near Falmouth, was one warm day
swimming in the Rappahannock, lhe
Union and Confederate picket lines on
the opposite banks of the river had for
weeks been observing a tacit truce.
Friendly conversation went on between
the two and exchanges were made of
coffee, tobacco, whiskey and newspa
pers by means of little craft with sails
trimmed in such away as to carry
them to and fro across the river. As
the warm season drew on men on both
sides undressed and swam and floated
and cut up tricks in the water with
out any harm from the other side.
Swimmers from both sides used even
to meet at a great rock in the mid
dle of the river near the mill-dam
above Falmouth. The lieutenant,
whom I will call Lieutenant X., was a
fine swimmer and was enjoying him
self to the utmost in the water. It
happened that the captain in com
mand of the Union picket line along
there was an enemy of Lieutenant X.
The lieutenant was ordered to come
out of the water, but as he was kick
ing up his heels at the time and amus
ing himself in the foam, he did not
hear until he had been repeatedly sum
moned. Then he came out and was
immediately arrested. Charges were
laid against him of attempted desertion
to the enemy. Lieutenant X., laughed
at this; it was very absurd. But he
soon began to realize that it was no
laughing matter; all the facts were
against him. At the general court
martial which tried him his honorable
personal character, his efficiency as an
officer and his bravery in battle proved,
but as he Was not permitted to in
troduce evidence as to the animus of
the officer who had caused his arrest
and was the principal witness against
him, he was convicted and was sen
enced, according to the articles of
war, to be “shot to death by muske
try.” Following the routine, the sen
tence was submitted first to the gener
al of the division by whom it was
“forwarded, approved,” to the corps
commander, who likewise approved
the sentence and sent it up to the
army headquarters. In the meantime
a relative of the unlucky lieutenant,
an officer in another command, had
recourse to General Sedgwick, under
whom this relative had served in Mex-
■ ico. That fine old general was con
vinced that, though technically the
, evidence was against the condemned
officer, nevertheless he was innocent of
any intention of deserting and of any
evil intention whatever; the lieutenant
had merely been indiscreet as an officer
to go into the water at all. In the
meantime the sentence had been ap
proved by the general commanding
the army and had been sent on to the
President. There Sedgwick’s repre
sentations prevented a horrible injus
tice. The lieutenant, a victim of a
superior officer’s malice, was allowed
to resign. But it was a narrow es
cape.
Early Impressions.
It is a very important fact, and one
never to be lost sight of by mothers,
that the education of an infant begins
at birth. The moral atmosphere by
which it is surrounded will, in a great
measure, determine its future charac
ter. Parents often do and say things
in the sight and hearing of little chil
dren which they would be ashamed of
in the presence of an older person.
Every outburst of temper, every peev
ish or fretful word, is photographed
i upon the mental constitution of the
, child, never to be effaced, although, of
j course, after-training may modify the
I impression. It is not to be wondered
j at that mothers worn down with a
j weight of care and overwork are some
times fretful; but if they would remem
ber that every hasty word in Baby’s
presence must come back to them in a
still greater weight of care, perhaps
they would exercise a higher degree
of self-con tro.
A Sensitive Clerk.
T wo clerks in a Texas dry goods store
are engaged in conversation.
“The Boss said something to mt
this rooming that I didn’t like.”
“He often does that. He don't care
what he says.”
“Well, I don’t like it, and if he
don’t take back what he said to of
it will be impossible for me to stay
with him.”
“What did he say?”
“He gave me notice to quit on th»
first of the month.”
SCIEXTIFIC SCRAPS.
The esparto grass of Spam has
extensively exported to England f or
paper making. It has now been sue
cessfully introduced into South Aus
tralia, where it is expected to becom e
a profitable product.
Lieut. Greely believes that there i 3
an ocean 1500 miles in diameter, round
about the pole, that never freez M;
and conjectures that the pole itself jj
the centre of an ice-capped land cov.
ered with ice from 1000 to 4000 f Mt
thick. These conclusions are rejected
by prominent Arctic authorities in
England.
In England metallic telegraph polea
have been generally in use for a long
time, but in Canada and the United
States tree stems have been used.
Xow, however, the Canadian govern,
menthas adopted a metallic pole mads
of malleable galvanized iron which
will be used on the lines which trav
erse the northwestern prairies.
By the experiments of a German
scientist to ascertain the lowest tern,
perature at which seeds are capable of
germinating, it was shown that rye
and winter wheat and the turnip get.
minnted at 32 degrees; barley and
oats showed their cotyledon at the
same degree of temperature, but the
rest did not start until 35 degree
were reached; Indian corn at 48 de
grees, flax, the pea, clover, and aspara
gus at 35 degrees; the bean and cur
rant, at 38 degrees.
A committee of eminent physicians
has been appointed by the Interna
tional Medical Congress, which lately
met in Copenhagen, to inquire into
the causes of cancer, and to investi
gate particularly the supposed associa
tion between the disease and the use
of certain foods, the influence of
worry and a depressed state of the
health in producing the malady, and
the extent to which it is hereditary.
A report is to be made at the Wash
ington meeting of the congress in
1887.
Some fresh information about the
Gulf Stream is given by a Boston sci
entist. It is a stratum of warm blue
water not more than fifty fathoms
deep, and it flows due east at a rate
that would take it to England within
100 days. Off Cape Hatteras this
northward flowing stream is in the
form of a fan, its three warm bands
spreading out over the Atlantic sur
face to an aggregate breadth of 167
miles, while two cooler bands of an
aggregate breadth of fifty-two miles
are interposed between them. The in
nermost warm band is the one that
shows the highest temperature and
speed, its velocity being greatest
where it is pressed laterally by the
Arctic current, so that the rate of four
miles an hour is occasionally ob
served. The peculiar blue color of the
water probably is because the rivet
silt washed into the Gulf by the Miss
issippi is held in suspension.
About Bed Clothing.
In regard to bedclothing, of course,
nothing should be used save what can
be, when needed, thoroughly cleansed.
This will restrict us happily to blank
ets, counterpanes, and the old fash
ioned bed-quilt. A comforter may be
at hand for the exigency of a zero tem
perature, to be thrown upon the out
side of the bed, never placed beneath
the other coverings. Comforters in
constant use, should be avoided and be
carefully protected at the top by a
neat covering of some fadeless material
All who have used comforters know
that they are easily soiled where they
come into contact with the breath of
the sleeper. Blankets, which should
form the staple of our winter bedding,
should be changed at least once dur
ing the colder months, that is, the pair
next the upper sheet. Blankets may
be kept pure and sweet by being taken
to the open door weekly, thoroughly
shaken, and occasionally, on a fine,
sunny, breezy day, carefully pinned to
the clothes-line and allowed the regen
erating effect of sun and wind.
Pillows and bolsters, like the mat'
tress, should be carefully protected by
an extra casing of heavy cotton cloth.
Every housewife of years knows that
her pillow-ticks have become yellow
and time-stained, so that she feels a
delicacy in exposing them to public
veiw even for a much needed airing
and sunning. The old-fashioned night
cap has, luckily for the head, gone into
disuse, but not so luckily for the clean
liness of the pillow-case and tick. A
second covering, to be removed and
washed when necessary, would fur
nish the protection, and also prevent
the escape of the much dreaded down
of the sleeping room, where feather
pillows are used. Pillows are porta
ble, and protected from absorption by
three firm coverings, and daily sub
jected to the disinfecting agencies of
air and sunshine may be kept healthy
and pure, inviting and insuring 3
sweeter and sounder slumber —a pil
low indeed of repose for the wear,
head.— Good Housekeeping.