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THE \TL\\T\ WEEKLY EXAMINER. XK7" TH T«: T< T ■ T "Ft QTTT. A r P T Q TVF OF TUES EX A IVII ME R, 12000 COFIEM! JOHN H. STEELS, ) „ CHAS. L. BABBOR j *«««»■. VOLUME IL THE WEEKLY EXAMINER < Published every Friday Morning in the City of Atlant y, at ONE DOLLAR PER ANNUM, To be paid strictly in advance. nF" No subscription taken for less than six months. RATES OF ADVERTISING. Advertisements are inserted in the Weekly Bxamixsb at the following rates: Seventy-live •ent* per square (of 10 lines brevier) for the first inertions, and 37 J cents per square for each sub sequent insertion. Advertisements continuing three months or more are charged at the following rates: 1 Square 3 months $ I 00 I •* 6 “ 600 1 “ 12 “ 10 <>o 2 •• 3 “ 600 2 « 6 “ 10 00 2 « 12 « 16 00 3 “ 3 “ 800 8 "O'- 12 00 3 “ 12 « 20 00 4 “ 3 “ 10 00 4 « 6 “ 16 00 z 4 “ 12 “ 25 00 i Col’n ? “ 16 00 i “ 6 « 20 00 I 0 12 “ 30 00 j •< 3 “ 20 00 j « 6 “ 30 00 | “12 “ 40 00 One Square, changeable, one year, sls 00 Two “ t ■“ 20 00 Three “ “ “ 25 00 Four « “ “ t 30 00 Quarter Column “ “ 40 00 Half “ “ “ 55 00 lAF Advertisements leaded and inserted un der the head of Special Notices will be charged One Dollar per square for the first insertion and Fifty Cents for each subsequent insertion Lff" Legal Advertisements published at the usual rates. Obituary Notices exceeding ten lines will be charged as advertisements. GF" Vearly Advertisers exceeding in their ad vertisements the average space agreed for, will be charged at proportional rates. 0r All Advertisements not specified as to time will be published until forbid and charged accordingly. legal Advertisementa Sales as Land and Negroes, by Administra tors, Executors or Gurdians, are required by saw to be held oii the First Tuesday in the month, between the hours of 10 in the forenoon and 3 in the afternoon, at the Court House in the County in which the property is situated. Notices of these sales must be given in a pub ic gazette 40 days previous to the day of sale. Notices for the sale of personal property must be given in uke manner 10 days previous to sale day. Notices to the debtors and creditors of an es tate mus' also be published 40 days. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary, for leave to sell Land or Ne groes, must he published for two months. Citations for letters of Administration, Guar dianship dec., must bo published 30 days—for dis mission from Administration, monthly six months —for dismission from Guardianship, 40 days. Rules for foreclosure of Mortgages must be published monthly for four months—for establish ing lost papers, for the full space of three months —for compelling titles from Executors or Admin istrators, where bond has b?en given by the de ceased, the full space of three months. Publications will always be continued accord ing to these, the legal requirements, unless other wise ordered, at the following Rates: Citations on letters of Administration Ac. $2 75 de do dismissory from Adminis tration, 4 50 Citation on dismissory from Guardianship, 3 00 Leave to sell Land or Negroes, 4 00 Notice te debtors and creditors. 3 00 flales of personal property, ten days, 1 square 1 60 Sales of land or negroes by Executors, Ac. 6 0C Estraya, two weeks, 2 50 For a man advertising his wife, (in advance,) 5 00 Letters on business must be (post paid) to en itle them to attention. THURSDAY. DECEMBER 8, 1865 State Aid-'Atlanta—Savannah—Bruns wick. It is to us a matter of surprise that, in an age like the present and at a period in the his tory of Georgia bo pregnant with hope for the future, that we find patriotic and good citizens, as well as legislators, hesitating and ‘-founder ing" at the proposition to lend tho aid of the State to those enterprises of her people which are acknowledged on all sides, not only to be laudable ones, but productive of results that must add to her prosperity, her wealth and her greatness. We doubt not, however, that those who, in the main, oppose all applications for “State Aid," do so more from impulse, than from reflection; in a word actuated by a dispo sition to withhold, they do so regardless of, end in many instances, unadvised as to, the merits of the application they so unhesitatingly re ject Now, this is all wrong; but it is not half so great a wrong as that opposition which springs from selfish or sectional motives; which ays, if you do not give to us all we crave, you shall have nothing. The proposition that we lay down in this—every demand, or appli cation for State aid, should stand upon its own merits, and be fairly considered in reference thereto. We are sure, although compared with other measures before the Legislature it is a small one, that had the application for State Aid, made by the Medical College of Atlanta, favorably reported on as it was by the Com mittee to the House, received the consideration of that Body unclogged by the amendment to give aid to the Savannah Medical College, the action upon it would, to say the least of it, have been more favorable to the application.— Wetrust that it may yet be so, and that all ap plications of the kind referred to, will be dealt with in accordance with their respective mer its and claims upon the State. But whan “State Aid” is asked to advance the great agricultural, and as a consequence, the great Commercial interests of Georgia, how Important is it that each measure should stand upon its own merits, and that sectional jealous in should be banished from the halls of Legis lation. To the enterprise of individuals, the people are iudbeted for the Georgia and Cen i -d Rail Roads; but had not the State cou uuucted the Western A Atlantic Rail Road. Savannah and Augusta, and every Stockholder in those Roads, would felt the ab aence of that greet wdiWmd the producer in Cherokee would have sought in'vain a profita ble market for hjMjjmtocts. Band in hand, flboulder to ths line of the (MniaaiihsSSSaißoafe from Sana* THE CHEAPEST POLITICAL AND NEWS PAPER IN THE SOUTH—A WEEKLY FIRESIDE COMPANION FOR ONLY ONE DOLLAR A YEAR, IN ADVANCE. nah and Augusta to the terminus of each, did the advocates of that great measure s'ruggle, until its completion secured to those companies the advantages they now, in so great a degree uninterruptedly enjoy. One section of our State, however, has reap ed no direct benefit from the enterprize that ha s enriched the other. It is a section, too, that failed not to respond to the cry of distress, when from session to session of our Legislature, appeal after appeal was made, to carry out that splendid system of internal improvements which, in the completion of the State Road, has done so much to enrich Georgia, and to make Savan nah the successful rival of Charleston. Gal lantly did Southern and South Western Geo-- gia come to the Central and G orgia Rail Road a With hearty good will did they assist in un locking the d »or of the Treasury, to develOpe the resources of our Mountain Country, and to make then tributary to those roads. Time has rolled on, and they now present their claims.— The agricultural interests of those sections have become second to none other in the State. The lands have proved fertile beyond all previous conception, and population has increased to an extent that givest o South Western Georgia an importance gratifying to every patriot in the State. Instead of meeting with opposition the demands of this section of our State should be responded to, ir espactive of the claims of any othor section of Georgia. Lend to the Brunswick & Florida Road the assistance which it asks, and an act of justice will be done to a section in Georgia, appropriately styled “the garden spot of the State,” It ap pears, though, that there is an obstacle in the way—“ Brunswick, if built up, will be at the expense of Savannah” I Is it possible that it is here, to use a homely phrase, “the shoe pinches’ ? If so, a more contracted view and selfish principle, the Legislature were never called upon to consider. We, in days long past, heard something of “that sort,” but we had long ago been impressed with the belief that 'no more of it was left." The building up of Brunswick as a port of entry, as a market for a large and prospe ous section of our State, as a naval depot that will rival any in the Union, and as a great Southern city, may be retarded but cannot be prevented, even though Savan nah does lose a little trade thereby. But we do not believe that it will either detract from the commerce or growth of Savannah. To view it in that light is to narrow down, to cir cumscribe, the view. We are satisfied that it must so be considered by all who survey the subject in its every enlarged aspect, and in all its bearings upon the interests of the State and South, as well as of the cities themselves It is universally conceded that no where in the South can a naval depot be established, neat as is absolutely required by the Federal Govern ment, if it be not at Brunswick. This, of it self, taken in a political, or any other sense, is well worth the grave consideration pf the Legislature, and of those who promote sefeiou ..l interests to embarrass the application now before that body from the Brunswick & Flor ida Rail Road. But wheu the great agricul tural and o.her interests of Southern and South Western Georgia arc added, we cannot perceive how so small a consideration as the local inter terests of a flourishing city, whose prosperity cannot be retarded thereby, should be a barrier in the way of an enterprise that promises so much to the State. Earnestly, therefore, do we hope that the Brunswick & Florida Rail Road Bill will be considered as an independent measure, and that no other project lor State Aid will be tacked to it as was done in the case of the application from the Medical Col lege of this city. All that the Legislature should require, is, that in her endorsement of tie enter prise, the State shall be secured from loss. This the Road is prepared to give as will be seen by all who examine the bill. We shall note well the action of the Legislature upon it, and trust the people will not see it recorded that sectional influence defeated a measure so fraught with advantages to the agricultural and commer cial interests, and political importance of Geor gia. Milledgeville Correspondence—Extra-Of ficial. Gentlemen This is a late day to commence a gossiping correspondence from Milledgeville, and, under ordinary, circumstances, I would find it difficult to interest your readers with mat ters not germain to the actual business of the session. But this particular Legislature brought with it an unusual train of outsiders, each with some particular purpose of his or her own.— Many of these, it is true, have left either dis gusted with the voracious appetite for the crumbs of office, manifested by their rivals, or freighted with new-fledged official dignity con ferred by a Legislative body not always nice in its discriminations; still there is yet a crowd of anxious persons left who are engaged in a chase, which is scarcely less “wild” or of less absorb ing interest than that after office—nor does it develope lees ingenuity in the pursuit of its ob ject. I will not say that all the belles here are on a “wild hunt” as you politicians have it, after husbands, or that the beaux are univer sally in chase of wives and fortunes, but I must say that a large proportion of each take very little pains to disguise their object in visiting Milledgeville this session. Quite a number, howevej, pretend to have business in or with the Legislature, but it strikes me that the af fairs of State must be in a critical situation, if they require tbo continued attendance of the mixed multitude that throngs the streets and parlors of this city. What possible benefit can accrue to the State from the unprecedented con sumption of silks and cassimeres which has characterised this Legislature so far, is more than my limited knowledge of political econo . my can decide. One thing is certainly observ. able—the union party has not ceased to exist ■ yet if its numerical strength here is an evi i deneeof vitality. But be the purposes that have attracted the , crowd what they may. the crowd itself is a ■ large and an interesting one, and one that for > guttj, «f tojwitioiwthß tea te. ATLANTA. GEORGIA. THURSDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 6 185,5. seldom been paralleled npon like occasions, here. Usually, after the first week or two of the ses sion, the outside interest flags, the crowd of gay ones leave, and the Senators and Representa tives settle down to the business of the State, with little interruption from lobby members, male or female; but there seems no disposition upon the part of the latter to give up their com fortable quarters at the new Hotel, and the season is quite as gay now as it has been at any time for years, with promise of unabated inter est for some time to come. Tl>e Inauguration Ball has been written to death already, and it seems a pity to disturb it from the pile of newspaper paragraphs and school-girl letters in epic eulogy which entombs it; still, while lam not disposed to raise cap tious objections, I am forced to say that, after all, it was not such a magnificent affair, indeed that it fell far below lhe reasonable expectar tions warranted by the distinguished names blazoned upon its list of management. I do not pretend to indicate the cause of failure, but it was evident that the Committee proper, np on whom rested the responsibility of its getting up, lacked either an interest in, or capacity for their duties; lam disposed to think the former. Those who attended seemed to enjoy it, but, for so great a State occasion, it struck me as entirely too p-icayuneuh. lam not singular in the opinion that a more liberal extension of purse strings might have added somewhat to its success. But enough of an unpleasant theme. The dancing parties which have in rapid and, in some instances, fatiguing succession, follow ed the Inauguration Ball, have been well at tended, and have gone off pleasantly. They are quite popular, and at them we get the best view of the reigning stars. lam not disposed to be critical, but, while those who attend these parties come legitimately within the scope of a gossiping letter, I do not know that there are any who particularly claim the attention of my pen, either on account of extraordinary person al attractions or noticeable peculiarities. Miss A., from Macon, Miss D., theMi«ees C„ and Mies F., of the same place ; Miss M., of La- Grange, Mies C>, of Greensboro’, Miss L., of Sparta, Miss C., of Athene, Miee F., of Hous ton, the Mieses N., and F., and the Mieses W., of Milledgeville, seem to be the most attract ive stars, though, to my mind all the belles re ceive as much attention ae, to ladies of taste is agreeable. Besides, belles of the Ball room are not always most brilliant in the parlor, and it would be impossible to particularize, to any considerable extent, without unjust distinctions. The beaux "bend the suple hinges of the knees” with commendable perseverance, though it begins to be evident that the stocks of fine sayings of some of them, prepared at the cost of many sleepless nights, for this particular oc casion, have been exhausted by the unusual run upon them. As a natural couscquene new ar rivals arc eagerly sought, for new ideas, com" pliments, etc. (Thia letter is written with the sole intention of supplying a theme that may relieve some of us from the threadbare ones we are so constantly bored with.) But with all their attention I must, as an Unbiased critic, say that there are very few handsome men here. This is rather a sweeping declaration in such a crowd, but my opinion is sustained by compe tent judges. In the Representative Chamber, where one gets the beet view, 1 noticed several who come up to a liberal standard of personal good looks. Mr. T., of Columbus, Mr. P., of Oglethorpe county, Mr. L., of Savannah, Mr. T., of Lincoln county, and two or three others seem to be the most favored by the critics of the gallery in this branch of the Legislature. And jnst here I would remark that it is a mat ter, to my mind, of questionable propriety to allow the galleries to be filled each day with chattering belles, and snickering beaux. The business of the Legislature must be seriously retarded, and the number of speeches is unm - cessarily large, when ft is considered that most of them are made more for cars in the gallery than from any particular interest in the qncs ions debated. Mr. speaker Styles must be os good natured as he is handsome, else we would sen i that bopping old gentleman (who by the way seems the most important personage in the Legislature) to reprove us for our rudeness, du ring the progress of business. But to return to the gentlemen. While there ore comparatively few who may be termad handsome, there are many faces in the Repre sentative Chamber which arrest attention at once by the impress of genius that mark them. Sitting midway of the Hall, to the right of the aisle is the Senior member of all. He seems to have a traditional right to a seat in the Le gislative Halt He is the only relic left us of those good old times when Georgia’s sons came here in homespuns and her daughters in cali coes. In days when he first trod these halls, such a bundle of dry goods as now make up the females in the gallery, would have been consid ered supernatural apparitions, anl perhaps might have shared the fate of certain ladies of Salem. But there the old gentleman sits still and seems even and anon meditating upon the changes that have marked the flight of years s uce first be assumed the Legislative robe. In strong contrast with the aged Statesman sits the young leader of the minority, in prox imity which, if accidental, is certainly a sin gular coincidence. Side by side sits old and young America; the one calm and thoughtful, the other nervous, active and impulsive, his eyes passing with electric rapidity from one face to another, and his quick, restless steps transporting him from one portion of the hail to another, with noiseless haste. He is quite a favorite amongst the ladies, and seems to appre ciate the compliment and return it by no little attention to the gallery, even whilst speaking. This is no Buncombe about him. however. But I cannot allude to all the prominent char acters in one letter, and will try again, occa sionally. as the spirit moves. In my next I • shall take a peep at the Senate. CLARA. IP. B.—Who is that gentleman whose pcen- IMr «r>vM-ti» attract* ao Bach atnntkal Milledgeville'Correspondexice. Tuesday, November 27. ’The imperative engagement of our Senior upon matters not connected with the Legisla ture, and our own severe indisposition will apologize for us in failing to devote our usual attention to reporting, to-day. is the Senate, Irtile of general interest was done to-day. A Bill was introduced prohibiting the resi dence of free persons of color within the limits of the State, alter the 25th day of December. The Athens Bank Bill wus taken up, under the head of unfinished business, and the Journal relating to certain motions made during its pen dency yesterday, was annulled by unanunous consent. The Bill was mode the special order of Fri day next. In the House, the Bill to commute the pun ishment of Boyd to luiprisoument and hard la bor in the Penitentiary lor tbe term ol'lo years, was read the second time. It will be pul upon its pussage to-morrow, when an interesting dis [ cussiou is expected. A resolution requiring the Governor to ex tend the respite of Boyd 1U days, was agreed to, and sent to the Senate for its concurrence. The Bill for the relief of Samuel Walker, of Fulton County, from over taxes paid by him, was passed. The Bill appropriating five thousand dollars for the purpose ot removing obstructions in the Satilla River, was amended to read three thou sand dollars, and passed. 'The Bill requiring of foreign-born voters the production of their naturalization certificates at the polls, was warmly discussed by Messrs. Jones, of Muscogee; and Milledge, in its favor, and Messrs. Lawton and Ward, against it. On motion of Dr. Phillips the Bi 1 was laid upon the table for the balance of the Session, by a vote of 74 to 43. The House adjourned until 3 o’clock. The afternoon Session of both branches were occupied chiefly with the reading of bills a se cond time. A message was received from the Governor giving the statement of appropriations called for by the Legislature. It was ordered printed, and we will jay it before our readers os soon as we can procure a copy. Milledgeville, Nov. 28. The business of the Senate is fast accumula ting notwithstanding the industry that marks the action of that body. We are, however, of ten amused, aud when it proceeds from quar ters that ought to know better, incensed at the charge that there is an idling away of time in the Senate—that its adjournments are too fre quent aud protracted, and that tkere is too much speaking to no, or little, purpose on the part of Senators. Now, in our humble capacity, we must defend the Senate from these unjust, and illiberal censures. In the first place, it is our opinion—indeed we know it to be so—that the Senate has exhibited great industry in the preparation and disposition of business. Thro its Committees it has labored hard, in the night, as well as in the day. No time has been wasted by this Body as a whole, aud were it not that we feel indisposed, where all have done so well, to particularize, we could name a number oi Senators who have labored to advance the bus iness before them, with a zeal, ability, and Indus try never before surpassed in that branch of our Legislature. The outsider who looks at the mere surface of the acts of this Body; who wheu he enters the Senate Chamber expects to see a favorite measure disposed of; and who wonders that he does not bear some great ques tion discussed ; must be permitted to grumble until he grows wiser. In the mean time, the Senate will pursue the “even tenor of its way.” When it flags and grows lazy, we shall have the independence to tell its short comings to the readers of the “Examiner." At Lu o’clock this morning, the Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday, ana then to call the names of Senators—whereupon the following bills and resolutions were intro duced. Mr. Core, of Greene: A Bill to authorize persons to submit controversies to arbitration— declaring how arbitrators shall be chosen—pre scribing their powers—regulating the manner in which their proceedings shall be conducted, and for other purposes. This is an important bill, and like others originating with the Senator from Greene— than whom lew of the distinguished lawyers 01 our State are as competent us himself to sug gest amendments to our J udiciary System—we trust will receive the favorable consideration ol the Senate. Mr. Cone also introduced a Resolution re questing the Governor to transmit to the Sen ate all returns made by the Atlanta Bank to tlie Executive Department required by the law oil 860. The affairs of this Bank, and the peculiar position which it occupies in our State and the •tar west,” will be the subject of grave consid eration by the Legislature—first, as a matter of comae, before iue Committees of both Hou ses ou Banks; aud tueu then by the Senate ana House. Public sentiment demands this, aud least of all has the Bank, itself, a right to com plain. Mr. Norton : A Bill to prevent Rail Road Agents from shipping their own grain, or other commodities, preiereuce to, and Injury of, other persons. This is a very good bill, and we hope it will pass into a law. Mr. Patterson : A Bill to amend an Act to change the line of the Counties Jefferson and Emanuel. Mr. Sims: A Bill to alter and amend Jbe 10th Section of the 13th Division of the Penal Code, relative to the removal of Slaves from this State under certain circumstances. The penalty fixed in the bill for a violation of its provisions, is from seven to ten years confine ment in the Penitentiary. Mr. Wilbern : A Bill to repeal the Act to sell reverted lauds, and to establish Act of 1843. Leave of absence was then granted to the Senators from Cass, Jefferson, and Calhoun. The Secretary then proceeded to read Bills a third time. The first Bill in order was the Bill relative to the limitations of actions. On motion of Mr.' Cone, of Greene, this bill was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. The Bill to consolidate the Greenville A Chattahoochee Ridge Rail Road Companies, was read, and an amendment offered thereto by Mr. McMillan, of Habersham. Upon the introduction of the amendment, Mr. Cone, of Bulloch, submitted to the Chair the question, whether one provision of the amendment was not a violation of the Consti tution. The Chair decided that it was not. Mr. McMillan then addressed the Senate in' favor of his amendment aud particularly that portion of it which provided that “State Aid”: be extended to the proposed enterprize. From , the notes which we took, we shall, on another I occasion, as we have not time to do it now, ! give to our readers the main poina of Lis re ■ marks. For the present wc shall only say that i this Senator ably advocated the construction of I the Road proposed in the bill, and the proprie ty and day ot the Legislature to grant the ad' of the State to works of Internal Improvement, designed to develope the resources, and add to j toe wealth and importance of the State. Nr. asso adtedgtba ati i some length, and closed by moving to refer the i bill to the Committee on Internal Improve j meats. This was done in order to perfect the ■ bill. The Bill to divorce EliAiieth Martin was next read a third time—wheu the Chair (Mr. Miller) ruled it out ou the ground that the Senate had no power to grant divorces. Mr. L'oue, of Greene, and Mr. McMillan, spoke against the decision, and on on appeal to the Senate, the Chair was sustained. The Senate then adjourned for dinner, and in the afternoon met lor the purpose of reading bills the second time. Gue hundred and seven ty of these were read a second time. It then adjourned till 10 o'clock, Friday morning. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Milledgeville, Nov. 28. Dr. Phillips announced to the House that the illness of the Speaker would prevent his at tendance. and moved the appointment of Col. Milledge, as Speaker pro tarn, which was unan imously agreed to. Col. Milledge took the chair and tiro House proceeded to business. On, motion, it was made the standing rule of the House to convene at 9 1-2 oclock, A. M.. and adjourn at 1 o'clock P. M. This is done to give the committees more woi king time aud so tar from retarding business, expedites it, aud affords increased facilities for the thorough con sideration of the important legislation commit ted first to the committees for action. Mr. Lawton introduced a Biil to change tiro nameof the Augu ta & Waynesboro’ Rail Road to the Augusta and Savannah Rail Road, and amending in certain particulars the Charter ol the same. Mr. Dorminy introduced a Bill exempting blind persons from taxation, who are not worth, in property, &c., over 85,000. Mr. Phinizy : a Bill to amend the act provi ding /or the licensing of itinerant traders in this State, requiring them to give bond, take oath. &c. Tbo Committee on Privileges and Elections reported that they had examined into the con tested election of Rabun couuty, and found that Horace Cannon was legally elected to a seat in the House. The famous Cattle Bill, to which we have Wore referred, and which was lost last week and afterwards reconsidered, was again taken up, having been reported favorably upon by the Committee to whom it was referred, and was lost by a vote of 56 to 44. It will there for cease to trouble this session, and sleep qui etly, as it has done for years passed, until the next Convention of the General Assembly. A Bill was passed adding another section, to the Penal Code, making it felony in a Back, Rail Road, or other officer to over, or fraudu lently issue stock of his company. The Bill repealing the section of the Penal Code, passed by the last General Assembly, making the dealing of Faro a felony, punisha ble with imprisonment in the Penitentiary, was passed with scarce a dissenting voice. This is an ample illustration of the folly of extreme legislation for public morals, and ns thia exper iment has failed to accomplish the ends intend ed, so will a.l other legislation of like charac ter, where the punishment is so disproportion ate to the offence. So far as we can hear there has been but one indictment under the law of ’52—3, not because the practice has been sup pressed—on the contrary, the evil has increas ed in proportion as men have become embold ened by the injustice of thi penalty to dare' a community that recognize it as so dispropor tionate—but it has been from the fact that none are found to execute a law so manifestly at variance with equitable principles. It is a sorry comment npon a Legislature when the people refuse to execute a law of its creation, and the repeal of this particular Bill to-day should admonish those who would drag into leg islative Halls matters not fitted for such places that the people disregard the obligations of in discreet laws, and will not enforce them. A Bili for the protection of Wool growers in this State was read the third time aud lost. To-morrow being set apart by the Governor as a day of Thanksgiving, tbo Legislature ad journed until Friday morning. Milledgeville, Friday, Nov. 30tb. Legislative business to-day has been rather uninteresting. The Athens Bank Bill being the special order of the Senate to-day little was done outside of its consideration. The ques tion upon the motion to strike out the 18th section providing for the liability of Stock holders in proportion to the amount of their stock was reached late in the afternoon, aud was carried by a vote of 50 to 30. Mr. Cone s substitute was read, when Mr. Miller moved to my the whole subject ou th* table uutil Thurs day, which was agreed to. How much of the public money will be upended upon inis Bill can only be'told by the future; but lhe prece dents set by the actiou of tue Senate m the premises, may eventually make the expenditure of lime a wise one, by protecting tue people from the imposition too irequently practiced iu abuse of Banking fraucbiato. We hope how ever, the question will be decided soon. A Bill to alter ths Ist section of tiro 3rd article of the Constitution by Mriking out the words '• being a seaport town or port ot entry,” was passed. There being but one vote wauling to constitute the two-thirds of the whole, the President cast ba vote for the Bili, and it passed. In tue House, business isprogreatng rapidly, and accummulating in proportion. The Com mittees have their hands full, but the operation of the new rule to adjourn at I o'clock, will give them time to properly digest the matter on their tables, and thus materially expedite the business of the bestoou. In view ot the accu mulation of bills, Dr. Phillips offered a resolu tion, excluding all new matter alter Friday next, except by a two-third vote for its ad mission. Mr. Jones, of Muscogee, objected, aud moved to lay it upon the table for a few days, which motion prevailed. There were but few bills of general interest introduced, the most important of which was one by Mr. Lewis providing for the establish ment of a oommou-school system. As we pro pose laying this Bill before our readera at an early day, we defer comment nponita provisions ( until we can give them entire. A Bill was also introduced repealing all Laws authorizing the settlement of criminal cases by Solicitors and others; to make juries define punishment, under tae law, as well as to give verdicts, aud to regulate the cost oi Solici tors and Attornies in cases of indictment — Some of the previsions of this bill are whole some, but to others there arc serous objections We will not anticipate, however, the action ol the House by any comments of our own until the Bui is put npon its passage; os we depre cate the rule, too generally adopted, of pre ! judging questions which are legitimately cou tiued to tue jurisdiction of members elected for , their discretion and sagacity, and their inde ‘ peudence of outside influences. A message was received from the Governor , in relation to certain difficulties of the Rea Uiayaixi Cross Plain Kail Road Company, iDe message gives a lull history of the case, aud will be laid before our readers at an early day. i A Bill to change the line between Coweta ' and Merriwetber counties, was amended with a i iikeprovision for Cherokee and Pickens conn -1 ties, and passed. Ti» Mui the paDHmMt ts Boyd was made the special order for Thursday, aud that for his portion was et down for Friday. Several guns are heavily charged for both oc casions. After transacting some bu- iness of minor importance, the House adjourned until Monday, a proceeding which, whether it meets public approbation or not, is certainly grateful to our selves, since the variable weather bus put us oi, the sick list. Internal Improvement—Speech of the Hon. R. McMillan, Senator from Hab ersham. Mr. President s—ln reply to the Senatm who has just taken his seat 1 have only to say. that by the amendment which I have offered tc the bill on your t. ble I neither ask or desire an appropriation of money by tiro State, I only ask of the State thut which our good neishlxir is iu the daily habit of extending to another, namely, the loan of its credit. To endorse the bonds of the Company, by being amply secured against any possible loss by so doing, and there by enable the Company to build the Road con templated by the bill before you. I can but regret that this question should have come up in such away as to allow no time for reflection or deliberation; and as a rejection of the amendment, would render valueless, the Bill, I shall say a few words to the Senate, 1 shall not attempt to discuss before this body, the paMcy. propriety oY necessity, of a State so directing its meuns and using its power, as to give to its citizens in every section those facilities by which their laws may be improved, their resources d< veloped and themselves brought into easy and hr mediate intercourse with other sections. Experience aud enlightenment ha rendered such discussion unnecessary at the present day, when by the progress and pei fe tlon of science, and a liberal, and enlightened policy, the locomotive is traversing our forest with al most lightning speed, until space has lost its extent, connecting as neighbors, the extremities of the country, and uniting and fraternizing its inhabitants by daily mercantile, social, and po litical intercourse, and thus developing the re sources of wealth and genius. It is with pleasure and pride that I refer to the fact that Georgia stands in the front rank of her sisters of the confederacy, in these eviden ces of progress, civilization, and greatness.— Georgia took the lead and lias kept it, of all the Southern States, in her Rail Road enterprises ; and hence, the stand which she now occupies. Just here let me pause to make an important enquiry. Georgia is now known throughout the commercial world as the Empire State ol the South. When, at what period n her his tory did she acquire this proud appellation ? Never until she had commenced developing her vast and inexhaustible resources, by spreading a net-work of Rail Roods all over the State. I will not now stop to inquire into the econ omy of Rail Roads over all other modes of con veyance, or to discuss the reasons which should induce individuals to iuvest their capital in such enterprises, to point out the great individual and private benefits to be ultimately derived from the work, this can ba < asily demonstrated, aud the experience of the last twenty years proves that every well managed Rail Road iu the world has been found profitable to the owners. But I am now treating this subject in a diffe cut aspect. 1 am looking at it, not as a financier, a capitalist, or a private individual; lam view ing it from the point where we now stand, from the floor of the Georgia Senate, holding in our hands the balance which weighs, and the power which directs, the best interests and destinies ol a great State. He is but a shortsighted statesman, and poor economist, who, when con sidering a work of pre-emiueut importance, in terest, aud advantage to the State, measures its value by the mere mercantile standard of dollars and cents, and progresses, or folds his arms ac cording to the balance sheet of his ledger. Many things are necessary to the well-being of a State and people, yea, even to thcii v ry ex istence as a civilized community, which weeuu uot measure by the rule of profit and loss, as seen iu dollars and cents, anti yet are not only profitable but absolutely indispensably necessa ry. Our common highways have by law to b< kept up either by the public treasury or the la bor of the people, and this is absolutely necessa ry for the benefit of all, yet we cannot see a profit arising therefrom iu dollars and cents.— The same may be said of our Court Houses, our Jails, aud all our public buildings, even to the chamber in which we are now assembled. We cannot we the profit in dollars and cents of the ainouut annually distributed for educational purposes, yet, who can doubt that .this bread thus oaflt upon the waters, is and will be gath ered after many days,.and that the seeds ol vir tue, morality, and industry thus sown will be a powerful auxiliary means of rapidly diminish ing crime, promoting morality, and securing tiro blessßiga of good government to its fullest extent. In th'B view of the subject wc ore vastly bet> dfited and eurichcd as a State by our Raji Road system long before we see aud led its effects by actual dividends to the stockholders, be they the State or private individuals. So soon as a road is built it is that much permanent capital actually added to the wealth of thfcfitate; liecause it is produced, brought into existence, not by exchanging one commcdi ty of wealth and value for another, but bv labor. by that which before had no existence. Jriuman labor and human industry is the sole element which adds to national wealth, and the legisla tor who goes farthest in adding to, and opening up. those new avenues to wealth and greatness, is not only the greatest benefactor to the State but to the age in which he lives. The true no ttility of a State are those who make the earth yield its fruits and take from its bosom treasures to be laid up for the support and comfort of man, and by labor manufacture those products when produced. Those alone who thus labor, and such as develope resources by scientific re search, add to the wealth of a State. Those engaged in the professions, such as po-sees men tal gifts and attainments, (nccessarv in all States.) their labor and services are only given ia excliange for something else, money or its equivalent, they add nothing to'the wealth ofn State. The most profound stndie?, of the most learned in all the professions, cannot add one >6OOO, sinew, or muscle, to those strong arms by which our Rail Roods and factories are built up and operated and our mines and mineral re sources developed ; all which go to make up the wealth and greatness of a State. How impor tant then in just and equitable legislation, that our action should be so shaped as to bring into full and active operation all the energies of this wealth producing and State enriching class of our citizens. Labor, creates capital and main tains virtuous habits. By opening up a high way through tie region contemplated by lhe bill before you, you add wealth incalculable to the State. You open those mines and minerals which afford the implements of husbandry, of industry, and of war, material for machinery, and a sound circulating medium. The sword and the plowshare, the musket and the pruning hook, the steam engine, and the bullion for our banks, and employment to those whose labor will thus become a part of the capital of the State, and from the result of which will spring the poor mans comforts, and the rich mans lux uries. We have within our own borders oil the ele ments of wealth and g-eatnese, because we havs. all things necessary to supply the wants of a/ people. Wt have not only the basis of a great, titote but we bare the foundations of »n sm-| I pire. You may search the globe, aud upon the . whole extent of its bosom you will not find within the same extent of contiguous territory, the same variety of soil, climate, and produc ■ tions convering an area of sixty-one millions , square miles, descending Soutbwai-d below the 31st degree of latitude, and rising Northward above the 35th, resting on the mountains of the blue ridge. We have a variety of climate to compare at all seasons of the year with the choiest in the four quarters of the globe. Min eral wealth unbounded, and from our rich aud varied soils we produce not only all the neces saries but ran produce all the useful comforts and even most of the luxuries of life. Onr wants from the cradle to lhe grave (fan be sup plied within our own borders. From the swad dling clothes of the infant, to the winding sheet of tiro hoary headed, aud even u tomb stone of the choicest marble to cover his grave. The mountain region of Georgia is capable of lurnisliiug the whole State with bretuDtiiffs for food, flax aud wool for clothing, Leather for all necessary purposes, coal in abundance. Should ii become necessary for fuel, gold, silver, iron, copper and other ores, inexhaustible for a cir culating medium, Agricultural and Mechanical purpnoce, and munitions of war, washed too by ocean enough to enable us to make even our own salt. Add to these her geographical posi tion and facilities for commerce, covering as they do, the ports of Savannah, Brunswick aud Darien, and 1 repeat wc have within ou; - own borders all the elements to make ourselves in dependent of all other States and of the world, both in peace and in’war. But develope our own resources and you may build around Georgia a wall of brass to-morrow, lay deep its foundations in tbo centre of the earth, let’its crest reach the clouds so that neither man nor beast, nor fowl ean pass, aud we can live independent of the world. But what are all these great and lavish bestow ments of nature, if they are permitted to lie dormant, or not directed in channel.— If the minds and purposes of those who legislate for and control her destiny are not strongly im bued with the great necessity for the ful devel opment of all her vast resources, of what avail is it to us that our rich mountain rallies are capable of all this.production, that her every hill is groaning to be delivered of their vast beds of the necessary, useful and precious metals, so long as we hesitate to be true to ourselves and do our whole duty to the entire State and every portion of it we talk about Georgia being the ‘Empire State of the South" and are herewith content. Sir, lam nut willing to be satisfied with the position which Georgia already occu pies, proud as it is, I am not willing to rest even upon the laurels which she has already wreathed around her brow. I wish to see her go forward and onward till she shall be made not only tho “Empire State ol th* Sonth," but of the Union. This Sir, she is destined to be if we are only true to ourselves. I regret to see that some gentlemen are wedded to the an tiquated notions of a past generation, not in keeping with the genius, the progress, and the spirit of the age, aud who seem to think and to say, that the people are not prepared, or willing to sustain these great measures of improvement for the development of the resources of the State. Sir, this is a great mistake—there never was a time when the people of Georgia were more thoroughly alive to th. ir Irost interests than at present. We may hesitate, wc may refuse to do our duty now, but those who are to come after us, those who will be the pillars of this government when we are gone, will laugh at our weakness, and stand amazed at our folly.— We may retard the progress ot Georgia’s on ward march, by refusing to act now and aid in the development of the vast resources, but I tell you to-day Senators, and I repeat it. The people are alive to their own best interests and demand action at our hand*—thought is now aroused, mind is now awakened that never again can sleep until the perfection of Georgia's greatness shall be written upon every page ol let history. Look to that portion of Georgia which the bill on your table contemplates opening up, and lor which a have asked the a>d of the State.— In looking to that magnificent range of the Al leghany Mountains, aud following it on to where it ends, we see that i< towers aloft in grandeur, until it reaches, our North eastern boundary— and there—Nature stooped in accommodation to Georgia, arid formed the Rubun Gap. There in the couuty of Rabun nature seems to have laid out uud designed the true and only practi cable pass through that jiurt of the Alleghany ridge, to tiro rich valleys of the Mississippi be yond. North of this iioint tliere is no practi cable passage to the West. South Carolina is now opening this natural gate to draw before our own eyes,—from us—aud even through our own Territory the vast riches and trade of the West, a”d yet we are looking on with folded anns. Yes, Senators—to-day while I am speaking and you are listening, South Can lina is enga ged with her spades and her shovels, her pick uxes and operatives, on the Hail of Georgia building a Road by which to draw to hersell, that which nature designed for the benefit and enrichment of onr own State, and yet we are unmoved. Let us awake, arons* - , and do what is our imperative duty by which much of the irade and travel of tiro West, winch will other wise puss us, will be invited and drawn through Georgia to seek the markets of our own State, and of the world through our own sea-port!).— It is our own fault now, that Savannah is not the Emporium of tho South, Brunswick a great mart, and Georgia the Key Stone in the South ern arch of the confederacy. In this connexion let me remark that in look ing over the newspapers of this morning we are reminded of the situation of affairs iu the Gid World. Emperors are trembling, kings are quaking, crowned heads are bowing, thrones are tottering, dynasties are tailing to pieces, be fore the progress of the age, by which the people will rise in the power of their might to assist the divine right of self-government. In all this we cannot expect to be idle spectators. We have from Norfolk to Pen acola an exposed coast of nearly two thousand mites without a port iu which one of our vessels of war could safely rule in time of trouble. I mention thia to say that in advocating the amendment to the bill before you for the purpose of enabling the com pany to open up North-Eastern Georgia, I take no contradicted sectional view of this matter, but wish also to see another arm of our Roads extended to Brunswick, and that City made not only a port, but a Navy Yard. Iu that re giou of the State we have tiro live oak aud all other timbers iu abundance neoeseary for ship building, also the roein and the turpentine.— Build the road contemplated, by the bill before you, and you open up a section of country from which you bring, the iron, tbs copper, the lead, the hemp, and the flax, for nails, spikes, an chors, cannon, muskets, sabres and balls, sheet ing and copper fastenings, sails and rigging, and all necessary ship stores for tbe men. The time has arrived when Georgia must eith er reach out an arm of her Rail Rood to tbe Rabun Gap, and thereby secure the full nene fits of tbe Western trade and travel, and open up that important region of oar State brought which it will pass, or else, lose not only these advantages, mt turn tbe trade and the citizens of nil that region *f Georgia to seek an onttet and a market in a sister State which baa been denied them at borne, and tuiw make them al ena )iu feeling and interesi’to their own State, which , has refused them those facilities and that foster | log rare asri Jwtiee which the hu bwtowed on WM. KA? PROPRIETO NUMBER 17. other sections of tbe State kss favored by na ture in internal wealth, justice demands that equal facilities should be afforded to every sec tion of the State. An undue and unequal distribution of tiro fos tering care and benefits bestowed by legislative action, where all are cquully entitled, will a « effectually alien;te the feelings and arouse tbe just jealousies of the neglected section against the favored as if they resided in different zom*. Aside from the principles of justice and equali ty, which should govern all legislation, there is no State in this confederacy iu which th s p in epic should he more carelully observed num policy than our own. By geographical put tion and construction the development ol th* resources of upper and lower Georgia, must ev er b i carried on and consumated by d fferent claraes of labor. Whilst tho aoi climate a’d altitude of the former are only suited to tbe pur suits of the white man. Tiro rraoun os of th* latter can only be fully and profitably develop id. by the labor of the slave. A bare ailusim to this fact is sufficient so remind every legisla tor of the importance of leaving no just room tor complaint, or of arraying one section of the State against another. Just here It me n> mark that one great ml vantage in opening up ibis section of Georgia is, that, its resources cun and will be developed, and its vast b<ds of wealth made available to the State aud her Treasury by that portion aud class of tabor uot engaged in the production of Cotton, and when we consider that the great mineral wealth of Georgia also lies in this section of the State, together with water power sufficient to drive the machinery of the world. Can it be possi ble that a Georgia Senate, a Georgia Legisla ture, will longer delay taking hold of these vast and important natural advantages, and refuse to build up the commercial, agricultural, and mechanical interests of tbe State, and drive off these immense sources of wealth from our own door into a different channel, simply by re fusing now to open this natural gate, the Ra bun Gap, into the intel ior of the tate. Look ing to-day at our position, our obligations, our responsibility to ourselves and to those who are to come after us, would it not be worse than blind fatuity to fail to ava.l ourselves of those vast advantages, and pour those rich treasure* into the lap of our own State. Every Rail Road now in Georgia is that much added, permanently added to her wealth, not only in the actual value of the roads and the labor of the employees, but the increased value of lands has been from 50 to 500 per cent for ten miles each side of where R*il Roads bare been built, this has been demonstrated in every section of every country through which a Rail Road has passed. It has been proven by ac tual returns of the appreciated value of those lauds. It is true it cannot be thus ascertained in Georgia because until lately we have not bad an ad valorem system of taxation, but I appeal to every Senator on this floor from countie* through which a Rail Road is constructed to prove the truth of my position. This is but one item and comparatively a small one, in the great advantagesof a Road. Yet it adds already to the wealth of Georgia in this wayalone over 840,000,000. And I make the assertion to-day, without fear of successful contradiction, thut Georgia might now give way her State Road as a boon to a C. nipany that woeld keep it in successful operation, and although it has cost nearly 86,000,000, still tLC State would b« gained by having built the Road, for it ba* already added to her permanent wealth over 86- 000,000. But it may be said that this is ad ded to the wealth of individuals, and that those only are benefited who have stock in a Road, or those who*c lauds are thus appreciated ia value thereby. It is true these are benefited, and perhaps most benefited, but every citizen iu the remot est Corner of the State is benefited also. Be cause under our ad-valorem system ol taxation (and this is the only equitable one) these roads and lands thus advanced in value pay a hand some additional revenua to tbe State Treasury which proportionally lighten the taxes of every other citizen is Legislation for lhe purpoHM un tended. and contemplated by the bill on youj table differs from all other legislation to pro mote wealth, you may by legislation increase individual wealth, in money, in Bank blocks, iu Negroes, or in any other species of personal property, but this does not Increase the wealth of the State, all this is but fleeting, and tbe in dividual thus benefited nay remove and carry it ull with him. Not go with tlwlands increas ed in value by these internal improvements they remain permanently ud<(ed to the wealth of the State, no matter who tnuy possess them. And now let me ask, is it asking 100 much by •ne amendment offered to the bill on your tab e, to ask the State to endorse I roods to be used thus to enrich the State und add to its perma nent wealth, when aside from the benefit thus .iccruing to the State ample security is offered by the Company that the State can never lose a cent. Build tbe road contemplated by the bili be fore you, and y< u in this way alone add over six und a half millions- of dollars to the per manent wealth oi tbe State, and thereby pro irortionally lighten the taxes of every citizen. Besides where Rad Roads are const) ucted, in dustry is stimulated, enterprise is rewarded, capital Is drawn out into active ojieratiou ami a market opened and brought within the reach of all. by which the meritorious lu>M>ring and producing class of our citizens arc remunerated and stimulated to the lull developement of the resources of the country. Georgia has nobly and wisely built, up the interests of our portion of her citizens by build ing the main trunk or body of her Sta te Road. The work has been well begun, 1 now wish to see it os nobly finished, by extending one arm to the north-east, and another to the southeast, bearing on each a hand of justice and equality snd thusdevelopeherotherwies doimant wealth. I wish to dig into her mines, and draw from her north-eastern hills those vast bedsof tLense ful and precious metals and thereby enrich tiro treasury of tbe State and add to her permanent wealth and greatness. I wish to opcu an in exhaustablc field of tabor, by which incalcula ble wealth now locked up and hedged in, in north-easter-: Georgia, will be brought into re quisition and made accessable to her citizen* and available to the State, and iu doing this open at the same time that great natural pass through the Alleghany Ridge, by which the trade and travel of the west may uot be wholly lost to Georgia. Interest Justice, State pride, partriotism, duty, all demand that this road should he built, and bui-t now. 1 cannot doubt that tbe present Senate will for a mouwut hesitate to set on foot the noble work. 86F* A correspondent of the Washington Intelligencer gives the coat of gas to private consumers io forty-two of the largest cities in the United Statue, tbe average being 83 97 per 1000 cubic feet Mr. Smith O'Brien, the Irish political exite, has advertised a new book on political subject*, the title being: “The Principles of Government, or Meditation* in Exite.” New Post Oihce.—Anderson, Snmtr county, Georgia; Je*se T. Register, Post Ma* ter. Bedar Grove. Walker county, Georgia; Hen ry T. Shelton, Post Master. ggL. There is a pruning office in Pari* cajto ble of printing the Lord'* prayer in three h» dr*d different tesguagw.