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THE VI I.\vr\ WEEKLY EXAMINER. T .-v* CIRCUL ATIOIV OF T T3C El El 3C A. 3VE ITV ES 1 SOOO COI=»IE:«! JOHN H. STEELE, 1 Editors CHAS. L. BARBOUR. J VOLUME II- the weekly examiner it Published every Frida morning in tbe dty of Atlanta, at ONE DOLLAR Pf'.B ANNUM, To be paid strictly in ad tn ce. EF" No subscription tai. a for less than six months. RATES OF ADV iCRTISING. Advertisements are insert lin the Weekly Examiner at the following rates: Seventy-five cents per square (of 10 lines brevier) for the first insertions, and 37) cents per square for each sub sequent insertion. Advertisements continuing three months or more are charged at the following rates: 1 Square 3 ninths $4 00 ■ i u (J « 800 1 u \2 “ 10 00 2 « 3 “ 600 2 » 6 “ 10 00 2 “ 12 “ 16 00 3 “ 3 “ 800 8 « 6 <• 12 00 3 u 12 “ 20 00 4 « 3 “ 10 00 4 *< 6 “ 15 00 4 u 12 “ 25 00 | Col’n 3 “ 15 00 . A « 6 “ 20 00 J « 12 “ 30 00 i u 3 u 20 00 A <• 6 •< 30 00 j “ 12 •• 40 00 One Square, changeable, one year, sls 00 'J' wo u " “ 20 00 Three “ “ “ . 25 00 Four « « « 30 00 Quarter Column “ “ 4<l 00 Half « « “ 55 00 S3T Advertisements leaded and inserted un par the head of Special Notices will be charged One Dollar per square for the first insertion and Fifty Cents for each subsequent insertion ty Legal Advertisements published at the usual rates. Obituary Notices exceeding ten linos will bo charged as advertisements. ty Yearly Advertisers exceeding in their ad vertisements the average space agreed for, will be charged at proportional rates. ty All Advertisements not specified as to time will bo published until forbid and charged accordingly. Legal Advertisements. Sales of Land and Negroes, by Administra tors, Executors or Gurdians, are required by law to be held on the First Tuesday in the month, between the hours of 10 in the forenoon and 3 in the afternoon, at the Court House in the County in which the property is situated. Notices of these sales must bo given in a pub ic gazette 40 days previous to the day of sale. Notices for the sale of personal property must be given in like manner 10 days previous to sale day. Notices to the debtors and creditors of an es tate mus* also be published 40 days. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary, for leave to sell Land or Ne groes, must bo published for two months. Citations for "letters of Administration, Guar dianship Ac., must be published 30 days—for dis mission from Administration, monthly six months —for dismission from Guardianship, 40 days. Rules for foreclosure of Mortgages must be published monthly for four months—for establish ing lost papers, for the full space of three mouths —for compelling titles from Executors or Admin istrators, where bond has been given by the de ceased, the full space of three months. Publications will always be continued accord ing to these, the legal requirements, unless other wise ordered, at the following Rates ' Citations on letters of Adn listration Ac. $2 75 do do dismissory om Adminis tration, In!! Citation on dismissory froir Guardianship, 3 00 Leave to sollLandorNegi.es, Notice to debtors and cred. >rs. 8 00 Sales of personal property, I i days, 1 square 1 50 Salos of land or negroes by Executors, Ac. 5 00 Estrays, two weeks, 2 60 . For a man advertising his wife, (in advance,) 500 Letters on business must be (post paid) to en title them to attention. TH U itSDAY, J ANU A RY, 24, 1856. _ e The Democratic Convention. The Democratic Anti-Know Nothing Oonven tion held at Milledgeville, on the 15th inst., wag largely attended, and went off harmoniously.— Our office engagements unfortunately prevented our remaining longer than 8 o’clock P. M., at which time the busines of the convention had not been finished. At 12 o’clock A. M., the Convention assembled, and Mr. Campbell, ot Baldwin, was called to the Chair. The commit' tee'appointed to select officers for the convention, reported Dr. Tomlinson Fort, of Baldwin, as President, and Wiliiam Hunt, Esqr., and as Secretaries. The compliment to Dr- Fort, was one well deserved, and met the uni versal approbation of the convention, which will be echoed by every member of the party in the State. The President made a few chaste and appropriate remarks upon taking his seat, which were received with most flattering manifesta tiansof satisfaction by the entire body. At three o'clock the convention re-assembled and proceeded to ballot for four delegates from the State at large, to represent the paity in the National Democratic Convention to be held in Cincinnati in June next. Upon the first bal lot, Hon. Thos, W. Thomas, Hon. John E- Ward, Judge Welborn, and Hon. J. W. H. Underwood, were chosen. The several Con gressional Districts having selected their dele gatee reported to the convention the following names, which were ratified by the convention From the Ist Dist.—Messrs. Moore and Atkinson. 2nd. Dist—Messrs. Colquitt and Lyon. 3rd. Dist.—Messrs. D'Graffknreid and Smith 4th Dist.—Messrs. Murphy and Buchanan. sth Dist.—Messrs. Wright and Lewis. 6th Dist.—Messrs. Hull and Strickland. 7th Dist—Messrs. Stephens and Cochran. Bth Dist.—Messrs. Gardner aud Irvin. The Convention then adjourned until after tea, when they again assembled. At 8 1-2 o’clock we were admonished by the car whistle to leave a very pleasant company, en route for our less agreeable sanctum. At that time the committee had not returned with their report of matter for the action of the convention. To torrow we will lay before our readers the of ial action of the convention, and also resume our regular report of Legislative proceedings. Marriage or ‘Farny Fern.’—On Saturday last, Mrs. Payson Eldridge was'married to Mr- James Parton, of New York. Mrs. Eldridge k s better known to the public at large as -Fan ny Fern.' 1 The bridegroom is the biographer of Horace Greely, and a contributor to the pe- MrMwWlbedsy. THE CHEAPEST POLITICAL AND NEWS PAPER IN THE SOUTH—A WEEKLY FIRESIDE COMPANION FOR ONLY ONE DOLLAR A YEAR, IN ADVANCE. The Brown Hotel. The tired traveler will find at Brown's Ho tel, in Macon Ga., elegant and comfortable ac commodations. All the modern appliances o f a first class house are to be found there, and as for the catering to the inner man, it is enough to say that Solomons himself presides over that department, and having a wide spread reputa tion to sustain, he does the “foddering” in a style commensurate with the heavy responsi. bility ho has assumed. The palate that criti cises his table need not hope for satisfaction this side the ethereal table d’hote where Epi curus himself does the honors. The Legislature. The recent bad weather having prevented many of the members of the Legislature from taking their seats, nothing was done on Mon day as neither branch had a quorum present- On Tuesday morning both Houses met, and proceeded to business. In the Senate, Judge Cone introduced reso utions highly commendatory of the Message of President Pierce. In the House, Mr. Crook introduced a bill providing for the settlement of the Territories of the U. S. and authorizing the Governor to draw his warrant upon the Treasury for sums in the aggregate not to exceed 850,000, to be turned over to any persons who shall organize a body of 100 emigrants, each, to Kansas, and who shall give bond for the proper application of said sums. A tax equal to the said sum is proposed to be levied upon the negro property, of the State. At 12 o’clock both branches ad journed. The Letter List. It seems that the Intelligencer is the unfor tunate recipient of the Letter List, and, inflated with its supposed triumph, it again shows the cloven foot of malice it has before, unluckily for itself, exhibited. Its charge that it had been deprived by “unjust means” of the publication of the list, is on a par with some other declara tions of that paper, heretofore made, and for which the responsible editor (then and now ab sent) declared himself not respensible; and be ing such is beyond the pale of consideration from us. Aside from this, however, the article in yesterday’s Intelligencer commenting upon the acquisition (?) of the list, is calculated—and doubtless was intended—to leave the impression that we declined the editor's challenge to a com parison of lists. This is simply false, since we did not have the honor to know who did chal lenge us, the letter from the Post Master not having specified the anxious contestant. The truth of the matter is simply this : When our paper was being established we thought it of soma importance we should have the Letter List, in order to establish satisfactorily the ' ex. tent of our city circulation. We then made a showing of our subscription list, and secured the P. O. printing. We soon found, however that we were like the man who won the ele phant, and were not a little gratified to find some oue anxious to take so unprofitable a job from off our hands. Hence we declined any competition for what had been a nuisance to us from the beginning. We neither knew or eared which of our city papers received the in fliction. As for our neighbor’s gas about “ the largest circulation,” we care to say little, since he has himself privately proposed to our pub lisher to discontinue both Daily issues ; excusing . such a singular proposition upon the ground that his experience satisfied him that a Daily paper in Atlanta did not pay expenses. The proposition was respectfully declined upon the ground that the Daily Examiner did pay ex penses , and was an enterprise rather too profita ble to be abandoned merely because the Intel ligencer didn’t pay. Wo hope, however, our neighbor will be able to keep up his Daily, now that he has the Letter List. When occasion requires, or we are called upon by parties having the remotest possible interest in the extent of our circulation, we shall be happy to make an exhibit of our list; but when the call is made in a puerile effort to annoy us, wc beg to decline a contest so profit less as the establishment of the superiority of our list over our neighbor’s, more particularly since the fact is so apparent to every one at al familiar with the subject. Is Sebastopol Taken ?—This question has been elaborately discussed in London; many heavy bets depended on the decisions, and what ever information could be obtained from books and the reports of army officers, was brought to bear. After a patient investigation, the head authority in betting matters—Bell's Life in London—decided that Sebastopol was not t ken, and that all bets on its capture be held in abeyance for the present. About the same time, singularly enough, the question seems to have been debated at St. Pe tersburg. It was settled there by an official document from the Russian Admiralty, from which we give extracts elsewhere. The docu ment states that it is erroneous to use the ex pression the Southern city of Sebastopol as contra distinguished from the Northern; that there is but one city of Sebastopol, which is sit uated on the Southern sidejof the bay. and is in possession of the Allies.—a. Y. Herald. Appointments by the Governor for 1856. Wm. Turk, Principal Keeper. Penitentiary. Win. W. Williams, Bk. " •• T. Fort, M. D. Physician “ Rev. G. McCauley, Chaplain. ■■ WESTERN 4 ATLANTIC RAILROAD. James F. Cooper, Superintendent Win. B. Wofford. Treasurer. James M. Spullock, Auditor. DEAF 4 DUMB ASYLUM. Dr. George D. Phillips, Commissioner. Hon. James Jackson, “ Maj. James Lake, " Maj. Josiah H. Gill, “ Rev. John W. Glenn, “ S. J. Johnson, Esq. •' O. P. Fannin. •• [Fed. Union. The Mississippi and Missouri Railroad was opened to lowa city on the 3d ir.st Parkersvilla (Kansas) Gazette learns that Gov. Shannon is about to resign the Governorship of that territory. ATLANTA. GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 24, 1856. [From the Southern Recorder.) Railroads—State Aid, &c. Messrs. Editors : —I have lately understood that there would be considerable opposition in the House, to the bill of the Senate granting State aid, to the Bruniswick and Florida and Savonnah and Gulf Railroads. From whence this opposition comes, I am unable to determine unless it is from the old fogies, who always pursue the negative policy of opposing all meas ures requiring appropriations, or state aid, no matter how laudable the measure may be.— Such men wanting discrimination of mind, to conceive the merits of a good object, and tai lent to defend their course before their consti tuency, prefer the narrow minded policy of t toting for Buncomb, though the best interest of the State should suffer. And yet, these same men would stay in Milledgeville and prolong the Sessions as long as there is a dollar in the Treasury. Save us from such "watch dogs of the Treasury." But I wish to call the atten tion of the liberal and intelligent minds of the Legislature, to the vast importance of the two Rai] Roads mentioned, to the future greatness and wealth of the body politic of Georgia, and especially to thp section which will be tributary to them. If you draw a line south of the 32d degree of latitude from the Savannah River to the Chattahoochee, the country between that line and Florida, contains upwards of thirty one thousand square miles, or twenty millions of acres of land, well adapted to the growth of both long and short staple cottons, sugar, Span ish tobacco, and provisions, Besides the great resources it has in its immense forests of pine timber, and turpentine, tar and rosin, it is ad mitted that the Coast of Georgia has the best ship building timber in the United States. As. suming that one-half, or ten millions of these lands, are well adapted to the culture of any or all of the products mentioned, that they will be increased in value tenfold, by the completion of these two enterprises, no practical mind for a moment doubts. Besides the immense amount of capital and slave labor, which w mid be superinduced from other States into this terri tory, would add at least, five fold to its present capital, labour and population, in less than five years, in which time these enterprises will be completed. Let narrow minded legislators, and cynical doubters figure out the great advanta ges that would accrue to the wealth of the body politic, and consequent increase of Taxes into the Treasury. The statesman and political economist, will see it at a glace. But this is not all. By the successful and early completion of these Roads, necessarily ensures us the carrying trade and travel of Florida, and a portion of Alabama, tind establishes the cities of Savannah and Brunswick, as'the shipping ports and entreports of Georgia, Florida, and a portion of Alabama, and will give these ports the advantage of the increased trade, consequent on the success of these connecting links, to the great chain of Georgia's Commercial and Agricultural inter ests. But let us for a moment examine what will be the consequence of delay or a failure to complete these enterprises. Florida increasing daily in population and wealth, will seek an outlet to the Atlantic through some other chan nel, and her trade and travel will be lost to Georgia forever. “For once the current has cut its channel, it is hard to divert ths stream.”— Combining this view of the subject with the very probable event of the United States, es tablishing a navy and ship building yard at Brunswick, (I assert without fear of contradic tion) makes this the great question of this Ses sion of the Legislature, aud one on which hun dreds of millions of Georgia’s future greatness and prosperity depends, and yet these enterpri ses ask of the State, not one dollar to accom plish this stupendous good, but simply to lend her credit, by endorsing about twenty-four per cent, of the company’s bonds, for the purpose of enabling them to negotiate contracts abroad for Iron Rails, to complete the works, when seventy-five per cent, of Georgia's bona-fide cap ital is invested in the enterprise, and pledged to the State to secure her beyond all doubt, from a farthing of eventual loss, and the pay ment of those State endorsed boeds, at such distant time, as will enable these roads to can cel every dollar by a sinking fund, arising from the income and profits of the road, and yet, there are men presuming to be legislators, ta king an oath before they take their seats, to legislate for the best interest of the State, that through their blind fatuity, would thus throw stumbling blocks in the way of Georgia's future greatness. Just such "mortal dim” visioned statesmen, long retarded the Clintonian policy, that finally developed the resources of Western New York and made that State Agriculturally, and Commercially, great, half a century in ad vance of the age, and in 1842 and 43, had well nigh proved fatal to Georgia's great enterprise, the Western and Atlantic Rail Road. How ever, in looking over the material, composing the present Legislature, I have better hopes than that such marplots will be able to defeat the bill of the Senate, for be assured seven teuths of the practical and intelligent men of the State, fully endorses the patriotic action of the Senate in relation to the passage of this bill by that body, and I am persuaded from the large majority of practical sense, and liberal intelligence of the House, that they will not only endorse the action of the Senate by passing this bill, lending the credit of the State for the good of the State, both individually and col lectively, bit will go farther and make a libe ral aud efficient appropriation to establish a Geological, Mineralogical and Topographical Survey of our great State, all combined in a Bureau, with a" labratory attached for agricul tural analysis of soils. Ten thousand dollars a year for three years, would accomplish much, and assuming that there are one hundred thou sand planters and farmers in the State, such appropriation would amount to ten cents each, and the responsibility assumed by their Repre sentatives, simply this; voting ten cents of the farmers' money for the farmers' interest. Bold ly sustain those wise and liberal measures, and the Session of 1855 and 56 will become memo rable in Georgia Legislation. You will be blessed by future generations, and be hailed on your return to your constituency with. “Well done thou good and faithful servants, thou art worthy of the confidence aud trust reposed in ycu.” OGLETHORPE. Judge Wells, tbe newly elected Gover nor of Maine, in his Message to’ the Legislature, admits that slavery is an evil, but thinks “it is not the part of wisdom, to remove one evil, to bring upon ourselves an avalanche of evils.''— He believes that when the owners of slaves de sire to relieve themselves of the institution, they will adopt gradual emancipation, and points to Liberia as the scene of the future greatness of the negro rac?. He acquiesces in the abroga tion of the Missouri Compromise, endorses tbe doctrine of -squatter sovereignty," and sums up the subject of slavery as follows’: -The Southern people are subjected to the burden of slavery; they know how to treat it better than we do and' it is alike alien to Patri otism, and a true sense of religious duty to in flame the minds of Southern citizens and aggra vate their condition by a constant course of censure and an unnecessary interference with their affairs. Unfortunate.— A youth in Chicopee, Mas sachu -etts, while attempting to kiss a young lady, slipped and fall just before reaching her that btbf hhNMaad two front tooth. From the Washington Union. Congressional Proceedings. THIRTY-FOURTH congress.—first session. Washington, Jan. 9.—Senate.—The Senate did sit to-day. House.—The proceedings of yesterday in die House were characterized by a determination, on the part of a large majority, to persevere in the session to a late hour. A number of bal lots were taken, and, as usual, some most sig nificant debates. Mr. Smith, of Tennessee, de livered an able speech in defence of the adm;n istration and the Democratic party. Mr. Whit ney followed in defence of the Bth article of the Philadelphia platform. Mr. Campbell, of Ohio, called out Mr. Giddings, of Ohio, in comment ing upon a letter written by the latter, in which Mr. Campb 11 was spoken of. Mr. Talbott and Mr. Campbell, of Kentucky; both made personal explanations. In the course of the ballotting, Mr. Robinson, of Pa., who had vo ted steadily for Mr. Banks, rose and stated that, inasmuch as Mr. Banks had not yet declared himseif a member of the American Order, and as there were doubts about it, he wanted to know if he was attached to the Order; and if he was not, he (Mr. Robinson) would no longer vote for him. This called out Mr. Damrell, of Massachusetts, who again certified to Mr. Bank’s Americanism. To this, Mr. Carlile, of Vir ginia, an American member, wanted to know if Banks was a Rockwell American or a Gardner (national) Know Nothing. To this no satis factory answer was returned, nor to the demand of Mr. Robinson, and the latter changed his vote from Banks to Pennington. It was ap parent that if Mr. Batiks was proved to be a Know Nothing he would lose some votes. The next most important scene was the brilliant and remarkable speech of Mr. Caru thers, of Missouri, who went on to show why he could not vote for Mr. Fuller, who was put fortk as a national man, and yet voted for Mr. Pennington, for Speaker, with the fact, in the memory of the members of the last House, that Mr. Pennington had voted for Mr. Elliot's pre paratory proposition to repeal the fugitive slave law, asd in the present Congress was himself voting for Mr. Banks, (ultra republican and know nothing.) while Mr. Fuller was being vo ted for by Southern men ! This called out Mr. Cox, of Kentucky, also an American, who wanted to know if the gentleman (Mr. Caru thers) was not a Whig; and if so, why he act ed with the Democrats and opposed the Whigs? It is impossible to describe justly the reply of Mr. Caruthers, his retorts upon Mr. Cox, his admirable defence of his vote for Col. Richard son, and the extinction of the 'Whig party in the embrace of Know Nothingism. The House was intensely absorbed, except when the wit and repartee of Mr. Caruthers excited irrepres sible laughter. The Democrats throughout the long session, and up to the hour when this ab stract is prepared, voted in unbroken column, and made few explanations, contenting them selves with allowing their principles to speak for them. The House was still in session at 1 the hour of going to press. Washington, Jan. 10.—Senate.—Mr. Clay ton submitted a resolution calling on the Presi dent of the United States for a copy of a letter from Lord John Russell to Mr. Crampton, da ted January 19, 1853, in which it was declare! that the British Government “intend to adhere strictly to the treaty of Washington, of the 19th of April, 1850, and not to assume any sovereignty, direct or indirect, in Central Amer ica.” The resolution was adopted. A resolution was also adopted authorizing the President of the Senate to assign room in the nerth wing of the Capitol Extension for the use of the Court of Claims, during the pres ent session of the Supreme Court. Several memorials were presented of officers of the navy complaining of the action of the naval board. An extended discussion on the subject arose, in which Messrs. Brodhead, Ala son, Hale, Benjamin, Jones, of Tennessee, Mal lory, Toucey, and others, participated. With out disposing of the subject, it was passed over informally; and, after an executive session, the Senate adjourned until Monday next. House.—The resolution of tbe Democratic members in their last caucus, to vote against adjournment, and to remain iu session until a Speaker was elected, intended as a new demon stration of their disposition, if not of their abil ity, to bring about an organization of tbe House, so far from having contributed to such a result, served only to increase the animosity of the opposition, and the scenes which occurred on Wednesday night stand in striking evidence of this declaration. The experiment intended to be tried by the Democratic party was tried, and it has proved to be a failure. From five o’clock on Tuesday until eight o’clock on Wednesday morning no ballots for Speaker were taken, until the most obstinate struggle on various propositions to adjourn, calls of the House, &c., Ac., had been made by a portion of the American party, and defeated. After remaining more than twenty hours in continu ous session, the Democrats at last voted in a body for the adjournment, leaving the country to judge whether they, as a minority of the House of Representatives, could do anything more than they had done to effect the organiza tion, and at the same time to adhere to their obligations to the Constitution. Excepting an occasional burst of hilarity during the pro tracted sitting, caused by the good humored speech of some one of the members, the tempe. of the House was exceedingly good, when we consider the exciting issues involved and the na ture of the divisions of parties. Nothing decisive or important was accom plished during the night, and when tnc House adjourned. at half-past eight o'clock Thursday morning, it seemed to be as far from the election as when it assembled on Tuesday at 12 o’clock. Consumption of Perfumery. We learn from a for. ign journal that full 150,- 000 gallons of perfumed spirits are yearly con sumed by British India and Europe in titillating the nose’ One French house alone annually uses 80,000 pounds of orange flowers, 60.000 pounds of cassia flowers, 53.000 pound of rose leaves, 45,000 pounds of jassamine blossoms. 32,000 pounds of violets, 20,000 pounds of tu berose, 16,000 pounds of lilac, besides other odorous plants in still larger portions. Flower plants exist in the south of France, Turkey in Europe, Turkey in Asia and India. Nor is b ngland without the cultivation. In Mitcham lavender is extensively grown, and produces a plant unrivalled in tbe world—four times the price even of French lavender; and the same spot is noted for its cultivation of roses. Nor is this extensive use surprising, when we consid er the quantity of flowers necessary to produce an essence; a drachm of otto of roses requires 2000 rose blooms. This, however, is nothing to jassamine; the price of its essential oil i# £9 the fluid ounce. Os course there is a good deal of “manufacture” going on with the more ex pensive perfumes. The rose leaf geranium does duty for the rose; the “perfume of the magnolia is superb," says our_author, but practi ally, it is of no use to the manufacturer." from the scarci ty of the plant and other causes; the purchaser, however, gets a combination of half a dozen articles instead, and if he is satisfied with' his “essence of magnolia." who has any right" to complain ? The perfume of the lily and the eglantine evaporate to such an extent uuder [any known treatment, that they are never used. o®* Several children have recently received the bsptionml frat tin mko of Hiawatha. [From the Washington Star.] Interesting and Important from Nicaragua. We have private advices from Nicaragua, by the last steamer, which tell of the re-organiza tion of the government, deposed not long since by Walker, at a point in the north section of the Republic, and the Honduras has sent troops to its aid, &c. Tbe letter to which we refer, says: > “President Estrada, who left Granada just before Walker took that city, has re-organized the National Government in the Department of Segovia. He has with him the minister of finance, General Martinez, the superior military chief of the department of the east—Granada — and nearly all the officers of the army of the late Gen. Corral and many other citizens, proprietors and notables of Nicaragua, and is at the head of the national forces. “The governments of Salvador and Hondu ras, far from sympathising with Walker, have recognized the national government of Presi dent Estrada, and Honduras has sent to him a considerable body of troops. The two expe ditions sent by Walker against the department of Segovia and Matazalpa have been defeated by the national troops and one of the killed is Gen. Valle or Chelon, the person who denoun ced Gen. Corral. The cities that have fallen under the oppression and tyranny of Walker have been abandoned by their mail inhabitants. Walker, to oblige them to return, published a decree, carrying with it the penalty of a fine of from SSO to SIOO against those who would not return. Walker has seized the effects of many of those who have refused obedience to his de cree, and has offered them at public sale ; but all persons (natives and bona fida resident for eigners) have refused to buy on any terms property thus pretended to have been escheat ed. “All the silver taken in the raids of Walker has been distributed among the chiefs of the pirates. French carri< d away with him some $9,000 in silver aud $20,000 in drafts upon the Transit Company, which had been accep ted and since paid. The soldiers (of Walker) have not yet received even above, from Nicar aguans. All the citizens of the country rest in terror under the violence exercised by Walk er, and many of those (strangers) who were un der him, have abandoned him on realizing the desolation and real condition of the country.— The few naturalized citizens, who called on Walker first to enter the country, in order to gratify their own ambition and desire for ven geance, now weep over the scenes of blood and misery which they have thus brought on Ni caragua, and there has returned to them the spirit and instinct of self-preservation, in force equal to that with which it actuates all other citizens of Nicaragua. Walker is surrounded with enemies in disguise, who remain about him only in the hope of meeting an opportuni ty to fall on and kill him. “The commotion and reaction throughout ,j.he country is so general and so spontaneous, that M. Roman Rivers, the son of the President created by Walker, and held in fact as his pris oner and puppet, has organized a flotilla in San Juan del Norte, composed of six boats and eighty men. He has gone up the river with this force to take possession of Castillo Viega and San Carlos, and hold them against the filli busters. “President Estrada has not only his own forces and those sent to his aid by Honduras, but Costa Rica has already on the way to join him three thousand men, while other troops are moving to his aid from Gunanacaste and Guatemala. ••The want of arms, ths great distance to be travelled, and the little security of their routes of march, have alone prevented the complete defeat of Walker up to this time. The news papers of the United States in the interest of Walker are striving to present a false picture of Nicaragua. The situation of things here oy by no means accords with their representations of them. They are falsifying every thing and deceiving, with misrepresentations of the truth the moral sentiment, aud conscience of the peo ple of the U S. This letter reached us in French, and we translate it for the information of the Star’s readers. The writer we know well by reputa tion—is a naturalized citizen of Nicaragua of high character and standing. Peace prospects. The present position of peace prospects is this: It may be remembered that Austria made a suggection of certain tnrms not known to the public, which the Austrian Cabinet considered might constitute a basis for pacific negotiations. These sugestions Austria sent to Paris, through the French Minister at Vienna. The French government sent a copy of said suggesuions to London. Much correspondence ensued between London and Parr s, resulting in the original suggestioss being sent back, altered by France and England, to Viena. The Austria Cabinet expressed mortification that the suggestions were not adopted simplic iter. More correspondence ensued, resulting in Austrai agreeing to append her name jointly with France and England to the modified pro position thus amended was, on Sunday, Dec. 16th. as notified by the Arago, sent from Vien na in charge of Count Esterhazy to St. Peters burg. The contents of this ultimatum are kept pro foundly secret. If the Czar refuses, France and England threaten to continue the war, and Aus tria to cease diplomatic relations, and after wards to be governed by the course of events. Simultaneously with the transmission of peace proposals, to Russia, the Paris Moniteur pub lishes the treaty entered into between the allies and Sweden, guaranteeing the existing limits of Sweden against Russian aggression. As Rus sia does not at present threaten Sweden, this treaty may be viewed by Russia as an inten tional insult, and a cause for the rejection of the peace proposals. The terms of the treaty are very stringent. It is declared that the treaty is concluded to prevent every complica tion of a nature to trouble the balance of power in Europe. By article Ist, the King of Sweden engages himself not to cede to Russia, nor to exchan, c with her. nor allow her to oc cupy any portion of the territory belonging to' the crown of Sweden and Norway. He engages, moreover, not to cede to Russia i any right to pasturage or fishJng ground, or I any other nature whatsoever, in any part of the I said territories, or of the coast of Sweden and Norway, and to reject any pretension. Russia might raise to establish the existence of any of the above named rights. Article 2—ln case Russia should make any proposition to the King of Sweden, or any de mand with a view to obtain either the cession or exchange of any portion whatever of the territory belonging to the crowns of Sweden j and Norway, be it permission to occupy certain points of said territory, or the cession of fish ng' or pasturage rights, or of any other on th.se! same Territories, or on the coot of Sweden and Norway—the King of Sweden engages to com-, mnnicate immediately such proposition to the, Emperor of France and Queen of England, and they engage to provide Sweden with sufficient naval and military forces, with those of Sweden to resist the claims or aggressions of Russia.— The nature, the importance, and the destination of the forces in question shall, the case occur ring, be decided by a common agreement be tween the three powers. [From the Illustrated London News, Dec. 22. J Russia£Planning for a Seaport on the Atlantic. We stated in a portion of our last week’s impression that Austria had proposed for the consideration of the allied powers the basis of a pacification, and that the allies had expressed themselves so far willing to meet the views of Austria as, without ceasing hostilities, to nego tiate on the terms proposed. We set forth succinctly the “pointe” which Austria had drawn up, and which England and France had severally considered to be not un reasonable. These were—that the Euxine should be declared a commercial sea, from which all ships of war should be excluded; that Russia should neither rebuild Sebastopol nor construct any other fortress in the Crimea, or in any part of the littoral of the Black sea; that the Danube should be opened up to the com merce of the world; and that a slip of Russia territory on its banks sufficient to guarantee that object should be restored to Turkey; that Russia should renounce all claim to a protec torate over the Christian subjects of the Sul tan; and that she should not construct or recon struct on the Aland Island any fortress whatso ever. It has been stated in some journals that Austria proposed, in addition to these terms, that Moldavia and Wallachia should be erect ed into independent States, under the protection of Europe, in the same manner as Switzerland and the Hanes Towns; but we believe the state ment to be incorrect Obviously the powers who undertake to perserve the integrity of the Turkish Empire would stultify themselves, as well as do injury to their unlucky protege, if, without givtng Turkey an equivalent, they con sented to deprive her of one inch of territory, or one iota of her rights and privileges. It is believed that diplomatists high in the confidence of the Czar, to whom these terms werenon-offlcially submitted, declared their own private opinion to be strong aginst them, and that they expressed themselves convinced that Rus. ia would not accede to them. But officially the progress of events has not gone so far as to elicit from the Russiangovernment any reply to the proposition which Austria has made; and no positive answer to the despatches of which Count Esterhazy, the Austrian Ambas sador to St. Petersburg!!, is the bearer, have been, or tan be, received for at least ten or fifteen days. The general belief, from all that has already transpired in the diplomatic and official circle of London, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, is, that the Czar will not accept the terms which Aus tria has offered for his consideration, and that the adverse opinion expressed by the Russians, in Vienna and elsewhere, is but an anticipation of that which will in due course arrive from St. Petersburg!!. However that may be, thecourse of the Allies is clear and straightforward: To abate no jot of what justice demands, to listen to reason, but not to revenge, and the strain every nerve to take by force from the foe of Europe what his own friends cannot persuade him to yield to justice or to necessity. The Czar maybe encouraged to prolong the contest by the success of General Mouravieffat Kars—but that event will by no means dis courage the Allies. On the contrary, it will' but nerve them, anil Great Baitain more espe cially to renewed and more vigorous exertions. To balance, in some degree, though by no means to attone for, the mistake that has been committed in leaving General Williams unsup ported in Asia, favorable intelligene has been received from the far north of Europe to prove that our diplomacy has not lost sight of the ex tent of Russian intrigue in that* quarter, not becn incompetent to defeat it. A glance at the map of Europe will show that Russia has pushed her north-western fron tier far into Norway, and has actually approach ed within fifty miles of the Atlantic and of the deep fiords and secure anchorages of the Norwegan coast. Russia has been in treaty with Norway for the Bay of Varanger, which never freezes in the coldest winter, which is forty miles long, and which could safely harbor the largest fleets in the world. A treaty—the first result apparently of the auspicious visit of General Canrobert to the Court of Stockholm—has just been concluded between Great Britain and France on the one side, and the United Kingdoms of Norway and Sweden on the other, by which the latter bind themselves not to cede or grant to Russia, un der any pretext whatsoever, any portion of ter ritory ; and by which the former undertajjp to guarantee the present boundaries and posses sions of Norway and Sweden, including not only the mainland of those kingdoms, but all their outlying islands and dependencies, what and where soever. Burned Alive.—A letter in the N. O. Pica yune, dated Dec. 25th written from Lexington, Miss., says: A daughter of a very worthy gentleman, while riding on horseback to visit a neighbor, was assaulted by a negro man, who made the hellish attempt to violate her person. She struggled in his demoniac grasp and until her strength was exhausted, until she was bruised and lacerated, when a gentleman carried the almost inanimate girl to her father's house. Af ter depositing her there, he raised the alarm and the people hurried out to hunt the negro. They were not long in finding him. He be longed to the Wade estate. They brought him into the town of Lexington, and then, in th< most public steeet chained him to a stake and burnt him alive 1 It is thought the young lady will not survive her injuries. The Texas-Debt Bill. It will be seen from the following, which we copy from the Austin State Gazette of the 22d ultimo, that the fate of the Texas-debt bill is still a matter of a great uncertainty. At pres ent there is an apparent majority of six against the bill in the lower house of the State legisla te : _ “The debate upon the Texas debt bill was brought to a close on Wednesday last in the house of representative, when the vote upon the engrossment of the bill was taken, and resulted —says 40, noes 46. Mr. West, of Travis, a friend of the bill, voted no, for the purpose of moving a reconsideration. Mr. Tarver imine* diately moved a reconsideration, declaring, at the same time his intention to vote against the reconsideration. The friends of the bill, by a call of the house, &c., prevented the vote be ing taken upon the motion on Wednesday. ‘■On Thursday, upon motion of Mr. Taver the motion to reconsider the vote was postpon ed until the 15th of February next. The fate of the measure is still uncertain.” * An Irishman going to market met a farmer with an owl. Bay, misther, what'll yer take for yer big eyed turkey ? Tis an owl, replied the astonished farmer. Never a drop do I care whether its <nW or ytraag; price tin birdF The Slave Code. A man named Hunter Las been fined 81000 and forfeited six slaves, at New Orleans, for selling them in such a manner as to separate mother and child, contrary to the laws of Lou isiana.—Exchange. Will our clever contemporary of the New Orleans Creole informs us what the “law” is in relation to the master? We find the above in one of our exchanges and will be pleased to know that it is correct.— Niagara Ga zette. The laws of Louisiana in relation to slaves and their protection by law, arc ample and full of the most beneficent provisions. A contempor ary has so completely met the above inquiry that we take the liberty of using his article as our reply to the Gazette: “In capital cases, it is provided that the tri bunal for the trial of a slave shall be composed of two Justices of the Peace and ten slave-own ers of the vicinity, and in cases not capital the Peace anil two slave owners. The jurors are put under oath, the District-Attorney con ducts the prosecution, and a unanimous ver dict is requisite to convict or to acquit tbe pri soner. “For killing a slave whether by the owner or by another person the penalty is death, and for maiming or other cruelty the penalty is a fine of from two to five hundred dollars. The Kat ing or ill-treating of a slave when no one is pres ent, by the owner or person having the manage ment of the slave, is sufficient to render him responsible for he offence, and to subject him to prosecution. In the parish of Orleans the trial of slaves accused of capita! crimes is before the Judge of the Criminal Court and a jury of six freeholders, upon which occasion Judge and jurors alike are put under oath, truly and im partially to try the prisoners and honestly and faithfully to execute the laws of the State con cerning slaves. “Except carriage drivers, hospital waiters, market carriers, servants, slaves,are guaranteed the enjoyment of Sunday, or if employed on that day they receive a compensation of fifty cents per day. Masters are forbidden, under penalty, to give their slaves money instead of the ample monthly rations which the law pre scribes. Old, sick or disabled slaves receive tbe same rations and clothing from their masters ns others, under a still greater penalty for neglect ing to provide them. The passage of the code relating to sick slaves provides that “it shall be the duty of every owner to procure to his sick, slaves, all kinds of temporal or spiritual assis tance which their situation may require.” In summer slaves are to be allowed two hours and a half for meals, and in winter two hours, ex cept where the owner has their meals prepared, when the allotted time may be abridged by one half hour. “Whenever a master or overseer neglects or refuses to provide such food and clothing as the law requires, it is lawful for any one to make complaint to the nearest magistrate, who may compel the owcr to comply with tbe provisions of the law under penalty of fine for refusal. It is moreover made the duty of Justices of the Peace to inform themselves as to the manner in which slaves are treated in their districts and to enforce the law. “Section 93 of the Black Code provides that at a public sale, a negro, disabled through age or otherwise, and having children, shall be s Id with such one of his children as he may choose to go with. “Not only is it forbidden to separate the moth er from her child under ten years of age, but the importation of a slave child under that age without its mother, if living, is punishable by a fine from one to two thousand dollars. “The importance of slaves accused of capital offences, or of having attempted to excite an insurrection, is also strictly prohibited. Per sons convicted of kidnapping free negroes, or of bringing such into the State ns slaves or for sale may be punished by a fine of one thous and dollars, and in the former case by fourteen years imprisonment. “The above are a few of the provisions in corporated into our comprehensive and elabor ate slave code. These laws are as scrupulously carried into execution as the rest of the laws of the State. The result of these humane and wise laws, together with the character of our slave owners, has been to render the condition of the slaves of Louisiana an enviable one in comparison with that of the mining and manu facturing population of Europe, anil fully equal to that of the landless peasantry of their rural districts—being as well fed, as well clothed and as well sheltered for less labor, with security of support in sickness, disability or old age, and of protection under all circumstances. When wc consider their marked intellectual inferiori ty, the utter barbarism from which slavery has raised them, and to which, without slavery, they always again descend—when we recollect how many millions have been redeemed from a condition little above that of wild beasts, and endowed by slavery with as much of Christain civilization as they are capable of, their low passions subdued and restrained, their labor directed and organized by vastly superior in telligence, so as to produce for them means of employment which, without such guidance, that labor never could procure—we have rea son to congratulate the citizens of this und oth er slave-holding States.” Meanness does not Pay. There is no greater mistake that a business man can make than to be mean in his business. Always taking the half cent for the dollars he has made and is making. Buch a policy is very much like the farmer who sows three pecks of seed where he ought to have sown five, and as recompense for the meanness of his soul, only gets ten when he ought to have got fifteen bushels of grain. Every body has heard of the proverb of pen ny wise* and pound foolish. A liberal expen diture in the way of business is always sure to be a capital investiment. There are people in the world who are short sighted onough to be lieve their interests can be best promoted by grasping and clinging to all they can get, and never letting a cent slip through their fin gers. As a general thing it will be found, other things being equal, that he who is most liberal, is the most successful in business. Os course we do not mean it to be inferred, that a man should be prcdigal in his expenditures; but that he should show to his customers, if he is a trader, cr those whom he may be doing any kind of business with, that iu all his transac tions, as well as sociall relations, he acknow ledges the everlasting fact that there can be no permanent prosperity in a community where benefits are not reciprocal.— Hunt's Merchants’ Magazine. The Presidency.—The Savannah Journa publishes a portion of a letter from a Southern Senator, from which we make the following striking passage; “I am anxious to see your comments on the Message. I am decidedly of opinion that Pierce is the proper candidate for the next tri al. Tire South will be untrue to herself to forego the opportunity of a distinct trial of the Northern people upon the issue he boldly pres ents —and presents in the best possible way. not by party resolutions of a convention, but as the matured judgment of a President, who, al though a citizen of a Northern State, upon the responsibility of his oath to support and defend the Constitution, exposes the danger to the Union from Northern aggression, and jus tifies the Southern Stales in their Ist and nodwats eran»” WM. KA Z PROPRIETOR NUMBER 24. .Later from Ilm ope. The steamer Atlantic has arrived at New York, bringing four days’ lutcr news from Eu rope. Liverpool, Dec. 26.—Cotton—The market is drooping. Saks of the three days 24 dOO bales; of which exports took 1.000 and spec ulators 4 <>oo bales. Stock 382 (100 bales of which 190.000 are American. Buyers demand a reduction. Fair Orleans 6 14, Middling j | d ‘ 16 ’’ Fa ‘ r U P laud3 5 7-Bd., Middling 5 Flour has declined Is. Canal 41 to 425. Corn has deelined 2s. White 48s. Provisions arc dull aud unchanged. Consols 88. The bullion in the Bank of England has decreased 324,000, (dollars we presume.) General News. Ihe peace negotiations are in statu emo Esterhazy had reached St. Petersburg with the ultimatum of the Allies, but no reply bad been received. Austria had notified Prussia of the contents, and Prussia hud consented to urge their accep tance by the Czar. It is rumored that Denmark is about to ioin the Allies. The London Times has despatches from Vien na, stating that Count Buol hud sent the terms i f peace to Gortschakoff. The Allies demand a str'p of territory in Ressarabia, lying on the Danube, to secure" the free navigation of that river. The Paris Chamber of Brokera hnvc decided not to quote ’he Ru sian loan on the Bourse. Sixty merchant vessels have been wrecked ofi b ulina during the month, and four hundred lives lost. A French frigate has been wrecked on the coast of Spain, and all on board lost. Nothing has been received from the seat of war. except the capture of Kurs. The overland nniil from India has arrived. The markets were d- pressed, and money was scarce. New York Soff Shell Convention. '1 he New York Soil Shell Convention has unanimously denounced slavery agitation, and universally endorsed the Administration. Pennsylvania Senator. The Democratic leeislutive caucus has nomi nated Ex-Governor Bigler for Senator. Governor of New Jersey. The Governor of New Jersey in his message to the legislature, favors allowing the people of the Territories to decide Ihe slavery question ; and endorses the Presidents position on the Cen tral American Question. Wisconsin Governor. Chicago, Jan. 10.—Bashford, Frcesoiler, took the oath of office for Governor by a de cision of the Supreme Court. His opponent Barstow, Democrat, had been previously elect ed by the Legislature. Congressional. Saturday, Jan. 12.—Richardson Banks and Fuller have defined their positions—each party appeared satisfied with the reply of their candidate.—One ballot-Banks lucked nine votes of an election. Monday, Jan. 14.—The Senate adjourned to Thursday. The House had three unsuccess ful ballots for Speaker. Central American Question. Washington, Jan. 14.—1 tis reported that England wiil recede from the protectorate of Musquito and the Buv Island rather than go to wur with the United States. Steamer Ashore. New York. Jan. 14.—The Steamer Gran ada from Huvauna, is ashore ou the West Bank. New York Market. Saturday, Jan. 12.—Cotton is dull, with sales of 600 bales. Flour is higher. O' io $8,56. Southern unehiingcd. Wheat firm. Mixed Corn 93 1-2. Freights uiichunged. Charleston Market. Monday, Jan. 14.—Cotton.—The weather is fair to-day and the demand for Cot toy good, at full prices. Sales 1800 bait sat 8 l-2c. Times and places of the Sessions of the Supreme Court. On the 2d Monday iu January and June, at Savannah. On the 4>th Monday in January aud June, at Macon. On the 4tb Monday in March and 2d Mon day in August, at Atlanta. On the 4th Monday in May and November, at Athens. On the 3d Monday in May and November, at Milledgeville. Extensive Robbery.—Among the passeng ers who arrived yester 'ay from Havana, in the Isabel,, were Signor Francisco Aranda, Minis ter Plenipotentiary from Venezuela, and Flor encio Ribas, his Secretary. They took looms at the Mills House, und while at breakfust, tbe room of the former was entered, nnd three thou sand dollars in doubloons stolen from his trunk. The Secretary, on returning from breakfust, met. a man coming out of the room, and not suspecting anything wrong, allowed the man to pass him. Ou entering the room lie found that the trunk had been broken open, and the money taken. lie immediately followed in pursuit, but the man succeeded in < fleeting his escape through the store room into the street. —Char Mercury, Jan. 14. Honorable Mentiou. —The Secretary of the Navy, in liis report, Bpraking of the conflict of our officers and men of the East India Squadron with the pirate's in the waters of China, says: “In the several encounters the officers and men have conducted themselves gallantly,” and honorable mention is made of Lieutenants Peg ram, Preble, Rolando, E. Y. McCauley, and Sproston; Assistant Engineers Stamm and Kel logg; Acting Masters’ Mutes J. P. Williams and S. R. Craig, aud private Benjamin Adam, son, of the marine corps, who was dangerously wounded. , A dispatch from Washington, dated the 11th inst., says : “Tbe Supreme Court this morning sustained the claim of Pearsou B. Reading to an exten sivc ranche at Buena Ventura, in California, thus affirming the principle established in the Fremont case. Therefore, the fuct that Read ing acted with the United States forces against Mexico, does not invalidate the grant of the Mexican government” ASP 1 Dougherty county, by a vote of three hundred and twenty-eight in favor, and sixty two against, has authorized the Interior Court to subscribe for stock in the Georgia and Fiori a Bai Iroad.