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THE ATLANTA WEEKLY EXAMINER. WEEK.IjV CIRCULATIONT O3F- THE E3 X .ZSI 3VX T 3NT E3 R, 12000 C!O IE!SS • JOHN H. STEELE, ) Editors> * CHAS. L. BARBOUR. ) VOLUME 11. THE WEEKLY EXAMINER u Publhed every Friday morning n the City of Atlanta, at ONE DOLLAR PLft ANNUM, To be paid strictly in adv, ce. GF* No subscription tai cn for less than six months. RATES OF ADV 3RTISING. Advertisements are insert 1 in the Weekly Examiner at the following rates: Seventy-five cents per square (of 10 lines brevier) for the first insertions, and 37i cents per square for each sub sequent insertion. Advertisements continuing three months or more are charged at the following re tes: 1 Square 3 ninths $4 00 I .< 6 “ 600 1 .< 12 10 00 2 « 3 “ 600 2 « 6 “ 10 00 2 “ 12 “ 15 00 3 « 3 “ 800 3 « 8 *• 12 00 3 « 12 “ 20 00 4 « 3 “ 10 00 -4 « 6 “ 15 00 4 « 12 “ 25 00 | Col’n 3 “ 15 00 | “ 6 “ 20 00 x •< 12 “ 30 00 1 « 3 “ 20 00 x <« 6 « 30 00 j «12 “ 40 00 One Suuarn, changeable, one year, sls 00 Two “ “ “ 20 00 Three “ “ . “ 25 00 p our « *• “ 30 00 Quarter Column “ “ 40 00 Half « « “ 55 00 tar Advertisements leaded and inserted un per the head of Special Notices will be charged One Dollar per square for the first insertion and Fifty Cents for each subsequent insertion t3T Legal Advertisements published at the usual rates. Obituary Notices exceeding ten lines will be charged as advertisements. QT Yearly Advertisers exceeding in their ad vertisements the average space agreed for, will be charged at proportional rates. Er" All Advertisomeuts not specified as to time will bo published until forbid and charged accordingly. Legal Advertisements Sales of Land and Negroes, by Administra tors, Executors or Gurdians, are required by law to be held on the First Tuesday in the month, between the hours of 10 in the forenoon and 3 in the afternoon, at the Court House in the County in which the property is situated. Notices of these sales must be given in a pub ie gazette 40 days previous to the day of sale. Notices for tho sale of personal property must bs given in like manner 10 days previous to salc- Notices to the debtors and creditors of an es tate must also be published 40 days. Notice that application will be made to tho Court of Ordinary, for leave to sell Land or Ne groes, must be published for two months. Citations for letters of Administration, Guar dianship &c., must be published 30 days—for dis mission from Administration, monthly six months —for dismission from Guardianship, 40 days. Rules for foreclosure of Mortgages must be published monthly for four months—for establish ing lost papers, for tho full space of three months 1 —for compelling titles from Executors or Admin istrators, where bond has been given by the de ceased, the full space of three months. Publications will always be continued accord ing to these, tho legal requirements, unless other wise ordered, at the following Rater • Citations on letters of Adn luistration &c. •$* 7o do do dismissory om Adminis tration, £ Citation on dismissory from Guardianship, 3 0 Leave to sell Land or Neg> os, 4 00 Notice to debtors and credi >rs. 3 00 Sales of personal property,! i days, 1 square 1 50 Sales of land or negroes by executors, &e. 5 00 Estrays, two weeks, 2 50 For a man advertising his wife, (tn advance,) 5 oo Letters on business must bo (post paid) to en title them to attention. THURSDAY, FEBRUARY, 7, 1850. Parodi, And StrakGsh have been giving Concerts in Colam bus. To-night they are announced to appear in Macon and at an early day will visit onr city. State Fair. We were politely informed by a member of tho Executive Committee of tho Southern Cent ral Agricultural Association, that at a meeting held by that committee in Milledgeville on Monday last, it was decided to hold the next Anual Fair in this city. It is hoped that our citizens will not defer preparations for the oc casion too long, but will be ready to extend increased and mere comfortable accommada tions to the crowd of visitors, which, it is an ticipated, will be much larger than that of last year. Brown’s Hotel, Macon, Georgia. We have before taken occasion to call attea tion to the elegant and luxurious accommoda tions afforded travellers at Brown's Hotel, Ma con, Gesrgia, but having recently again expe rienced the substantial enjoyments afforded by its worthy proprietor, we cannot refrain from repeating our admonition to travellers to give> i him a call, aad enjoy their share of the com forts, solid and fluid, he so liberally dispenses, and at such moderate charges. His house is located conveniently to the General Passenger Dopot, and persons stopping in the city will fiud reliable porters at the cars, with whom to entrust their baggage, and by stepping across the street they will find quarters, the like of' which they have heretofore been strangers to i in Macon. — Enoinkerino and Financiering.—ln an ; investigation recently held by a committee of! the Louisville and Nashville Railroad Compa-1 ny, it was ascertained that one of the assistant engineers, in certain instances, made his pay-roll; at one sum, and paid some of his subordinates a smaller and different sum. To what extent i tbii has been practised is not kuown. The| same engineer also proved to be a partner of the contractors, and their work, iu measured under his direction, exceeds the amount, as com- ; uted by the present engineer, near 870.000 in a whole sum of less than 3500.000. lYf-X railroad is in process of construction from Ferna.dins to Cedar Keys. Florida. There are soar hundred men at work upon it and two hundred more on their way out. The whole distance is 130 miles. The cost of construction we atimated at three millions dollars. The BMW givw tb» right way. THE CHEAPEST POLITICAL AND NEWS PAPER IN THE SOUTH—A WEEKLY FIRESIDE COMPANION FOR ONLY ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. IN ADVANCE. Georgia and the Presidency. It has become a question of general disquisi tion in this State as to the claims Georgia has before the next nominating national convention for tho selection of a President or Vice-Presi dent from our limits. We must say that just now, we regret to see the subject agitated, and that we unqualifiedly deprecate any attempt to commit the delegates appointed by our party to the Cincinnati Convention to any particular man, comes he from Georgia or elsewhere. It is enough that they shall require of that Con vention, that it substantially embodies in the platform it will promulgate, the position Geor gia has assumed in respect to national politics. That this reasonable request will be cheerfully | granted we do not question, since there is noth | ing in that position repugnant to the true Na tional Democracy. But it is too early a day to canvass the policy which should influence the Convention in its selection of a candidate for the Presidency. Tho situation of national af fairs is too unsettled and precarious to make them, now, a basis upon which to form a cor rect judgment of that policy. Exigencies may arise, and are, indeed, highly probable, which will set at naught the wisest discrimination now possible in such a choice, if they do not even preclude the necessity of a cho'ce at all by that Convention. Truly may it be aid we know not what a day may bring forth. Before we close this brief article, it may be that the elec tric messenger shall bring us tidings from Wash ington which shall altogether change the com plexion of national affairs, and materially aftect the relations of Georgia in the union. Shall we, then, in view of these critical times, hamper our delegates to the Convention with pledges which may seriously disturb the harmony of the Convention ? They are men in whose hands all the interests of Georgia are safe, and men too whose antecedents have excited the unbound ed confidence of our people; and, while we do not hesitate to say that our own choice is, un der existing circumstances, one of Georgia’s noblest sons, we are at the same time fully sat isfied to leave the whole matter in the hands of these discriminating gentlemen, without any in structions from the friends of any man. If we go into the Cincinnati Convention, we have to ask for our State the unqualified recog nition es that platform which has given us so commanding a position at the South, and more than that we should not think of requiring now. It is worse than useless therefore to canvass other claims. That it would be “ indelicate ” to do so, if “the circumstances which surround tho convention would authorize it, we are not prepared to admit, for what we ask is no more than what every Southern State demands, and if it bo policy to make the selection of a candi date—either President or Vice-President— from the South, we cannot see why the claims of Georgia should be set aside because she asks, not for herself alone, but for the whole South, such a recognition of her position. We use only the mouth-piece of that demand, and, if need be, every Southern State will reiterate it in tones that shall enforce respect. If, then our request is of so general a character, and so equal in its advantages to every Southern State, we cannot see why the mere fact of our being the medium of its making should prejudice any claims Georgia may have for supplying a can didate for either of the offices, or how the urging those claims would be, as our worthy cotempora ry, the Constitutionalist, regards it, “indelicate,” if circumstances authorize a Southern choice- But when it is so uncertain whether such will be the case, and while there is no possibili ty, at this time, of correctly indicating the pol icy of the Convention, iu this respect, we fully agree with the editor that the Georgia delega tion should go to Cinciunatti uninstructed in this particular, and free to act as the exigencies of the occasion may demand. When our peo ple come to consider the matter, we think they will regard such a position as the most discreet Georgia can assume, and will consider the ef forts of friends of any man to stir up a feeling upon the question as unwise. In saying this, we intend no reflection upon any who have urged their preference upon the appointed del egates, but merely intend, so far as lies in our power, to restrain any thing like a general expression of preferences which can only have the effect to create a division itr the party—a result we all would equally deplore. From the Baton Rouge Advocate. President Pierce and the South. The unanswerable reputation of the charge of the Northern Abolitionists that the policy of the South has ever been of an aggressive character towards their section of the Union, as contained in the last message of President Pierce to Congress, will be greeted with delight by every patriot iu the land. While receiving the i applause and thauks of all, whose opinions are worth'attention.the President, on the other hand will be assailed with all the vindictive, fury and fiendish malice of the followers of Seward Greely ACo., and will become a target where at their poisoned arrows will lie hurled as fu riously as were the darts of Xerxes, cohorts vt the devoted Greeks when defending their firesides and families from the invading Per-1 siau. It is our duty in this event—and none! ' can doubt its coming— to rally around and sus-' ■ tain our Chief Magistrate aud the measures of > I his administration, and prove that we are not! ' ungrateful to those who defend and stand by ; ' our constitutional rights in defiance of the! : howlings of fanaticism aud the storms of a ! ! faction that is seeking and gloating in imagina-I I tion on the time when their madness will dis i solve the Union aud unleash the hounds of civil! j war on the republic. ! Our President docs not handle the important; ■ questions at issue between the North and ‘ , South with the daintiness of an officer seeker, , but with the bold manliness and straightout! I honesty of a statesman and high public officer, j j He does us no more than justice when he as-1 j serfs that, will have heretofore confined our at- I tentiou to our own affairs, not presumiiug to officiously intermeddle with the institution ; of the northern Stales, too many of the la'ter are permanently organized into associations i to inflict injury on our right? in property by i wrongful acts, which would be cause of war' i between foeign powers, and only fails to be j such in our system because perpetrated under' ' cover of the Union. I -X ■ » > ! i Railroad loan. —The citizens of Louisville II have decided, by a majority of thirteen oaly, to I loan 81,000,W0 to the Louisville and Nashville IniirMd. ATLANTA. GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 7, 1856. I Giddings Cornered and Exposed. The following extracts from the Washington Star recount the exposure of one of the most disgraceful frauds ever attempted to be passed off upon Congress or the country. The author was caught in the very act of its perpetration. If any body else than Joshua Giddings, lie would never again have the assurance to raise his head among honorable men : Mr. Giddings, in the course of a speech, charged on Mr. Cobb, of Georgia, and those Democratic members of the present House who were in Congress in 1849, that they, as the De mocratic party of that day, bad distinctly en dorsed the plurality rule as being a proper way of settling the then pending controversy about the Speakership, identical with that which now postpones tiie organization of Congress. To sustain this charge, he read from the Congres sional Globe what he announced to be an ex tract from a speech made by the Hon. F. P. Stanton, of Tennessee, declaring that the plu rality rule had been adopted in the Democratic representative caucus. Mr. Cobb, and others, (who were also iu the House at that time.) appeared utterly dumb founded by the statements in Mr. Stanton’s speech as read by Mr. Giddings; because they set forth things as facts, which they knew to be notoriously untrue, and that Mr. Stanton him self must have known to lie untrue. Denying their truth, and giving the House a succinct history of the action of that caucus upon the plurality rule, in which he was substantiated by Messrs. Millson, Orr, Edmonson, and Fuller of Maine, Mr. Cobb was about to leave the ques tion as one in which a probably overlooked er ror in the report of Mr Stanton’s speech, had afforded Mr. Giddings a plausible ground for his charges. He bethought him. however, of looking for himself at the record ; and found that Mr. Giddings, in reading it, had falsified it, deliberately and knowingly, to enable him to substantiate an accusation that he must have known to be infamously untrue. He had read, to the House as a portion of the speech of Mr. Stanton, what were, in truth, but interlocutory and explanatory remarks of some reporter which had no business whatever in the official record of the proceedings of Congress. The fraud attempted by Mr. Giddings which was plain, clear, and undeniable, created great indignation on the part of the Democrats, in volving, as it did, a deliberate resort to such poltroonery, as has rarely disgraced the history of any legislative body, whatever. The force of Mr. Cobb’s exposure of the disreputable trick, caused the cars of nearly all the Republi can members to tingle; not one of them, evi dently, being disposed to justify or in any way to seem to palliate it. Tfae Grasping Policy of England. The intelligent Washington correspondent of the New York Journal of Commerce, (says the Richmond Dispatch.) remarks that the pol icy of England to grasp at naval stations every where, to the prejudice ot the rights of otherna tions, has never been more steadily and perti naciously exemplified than in the last five years. T'his is illustrated by her seizure of the Bay Islands, which says the correspondent, she will not relinquish, and by which she may threaten and command the Gulf of Honduras and the transit of the Isthmus, which will be greatly to the detriment of the United States, and its com merce upon the occurrence of a war, and will give to Great Britain the key of thc gi’te of the Pacific, and of ths commerce of the world.— With Halifax, Jamaica, Bermuda, and the Bay Islands in the West, aud Gibraltar, Malta and the lonian Islands in the East, she will main tain her navel assendency in both hemispheres. Her war with Russsia is not a war for prinicples, but to prevent Russia from becoming a great naval and commercial power, aud it is for this pupose that she endeavors to destroy every sea coast town, whether fortified or unfortified, on the Black Sea and the Baltic. While she seeks to appropriate naval stations to herself in every part of tho world, she syste matically opposes every attempt of the United States to strengthen its naval position. -We enter into a negotiation,” says the correspondent, “for a treaty in regard to the annexation of the Sandwich Islands, and Great Britain protests. Philo Whith makes a treaty with Ecucador for lease of the Gailipagos Islands, aud Great Brit ain protests. Philo Shelton plants a flag upon newly discovered guano islands, and Great Britain protests. General Gazeneau makes a treaty with the Dominican Government for the privilege of establishing a coal depot, and Great Britain again protests! She grasps at every commanding insular position the world over, and denies to the United States the right of using or occupying one anywhere.' Sav. Jour. & Cour The Wealth and Resources of Southern Georgia. At a meeting of the citizens of Randolph county, held at Cuthbert, on the Bth inst., a memorial, addressed to the Senate and House of Representatives, was adopted, in which are condensed in a very small compass some very valuable statistics of the resources of Southern Georgia. There were, in 1550, in the 25 counties then fronting the Southern belt of the State, 175,- 554 inhabitants, of whom 83,1 G 5 were slaves ; 1,014,998, of improved and 5,249,729 acres of unimproved lands; the cash value of the farms was estimated at 819,541,338 ; of la.m imple ments and machinery at $1,190,025 ; of the live stock at $5,569,647 ; of animals slaughtered in one year $1,122,367 ; the produce of one year ending June 1, 1850, in cotton, 94.481 bales, in corn, 4.515,7q4 bushels, in rice, 37.676,327 pounds. The astounding and startling fact, in this memorial, is the number of acres of unimproved land in this section of the State. This, and this fact alone, has induced us heretofore, and now, to advocate the policy of giving aid in the construction of a Railroad in Southern Georgia. The lands are generally rich, after leaving the old counties around Savannah, and are capable of sustaining a large and thriving population, and are prevented from settlement alone by their distance from market. It is goed economy to expend a few millions of mi ney in opening them up to settlement. The amount will be returned to the treasury a hundred fold iu the shape of taxes, long before the bonds, proposed to l« is sued to advance the work, mature. This argument holds good as to a great trunk road through Southern Georgia, but does not sustain the proposition to throw out collateral branches, nor to dig down mountains in other parts of the State to divert trade, nor to run Railroads through chinquepiu thickets.— T/mcs A Sentinel. Extract from a business letter received at this office. Milledosvillk Hotel. I Jan. 25. 1856. ( This splendid hotel came near being destroyed by fire to-day. It originated between the ceil- i ing, owing to one of the flues. It had made considerable head-way before discovery, and being very dificult to access, would not have been subdued but for the opportune aid of Mr. Doge, of New York, who stopping here, and who came forward with his new -suction and force pumps." and soon succeeded in throwing the water where “it ought to go," which soon brought the fire to terms. This is one of the hotels where a man gets attended to all over, from head to foot, and from the drawing-room to the bed chamber.— A gentleman will soon team here what itmeans W baro Asm Brvtra «p. The Cherokees donn like Aboli tionists. The straightforward way of the native sons of the forest, in remedying an evil, u .■ n its existence is ascertained, is worthy of imit ■ -o. Tiie following act was lately passed by ' : territorial legislature : AN ACT FOR THE PROTECTION OF SLAVERY IN THE CHEROKEE NATION. •Whereas The Cherokee people are. and I have been for many years, a slaveholding peo ' pie: aud whereas, the Constitution and Laws lof the Cherokee Nation recognise the institu ; tion of slavery, introduced and taught by their j preceptors, the whites; and whereas, some of i the missionary churches now situate in'this Na tion. have expelled some of onr Cherokee citi ' zens from the participation of church privileges, be ause they refused to emancipate'their slaves, and others have been threatened with expulsion; and whereas the the Cherokee people, deeply impressed with a feeling of gratitude towards these same missionaries, for the countless and manifold blssings they have bestowed upon them, would not extend to them any civilties unbecoming to Christian people, but would rather as they value the stability of their local institutions, indispensable to their prosperity as a nation, extend to them the cordial hand of friendship, consistent with their own national in te i cats. “Be it enacted by the National Council, That the Cherokees have claimed for many years past, and do claim at present, to be a slavehold ing people, in a Christian-like spirit. “Rc it further enacted, That the principal Chief be, and is hereby, authorized to open a communication with the different Boards of Missions having stations in this Nation, touch ing upon the institution of slavery as a church principle, and report the said communication to the next Council. “Be it futher enacted, That it shall be un lawful for any missionary to counsel or advise any slave, any way whatever, to the detriment of his owner ar owners, under a penalty of be ing removed out of the limits of this Nation; and it is hereby made the duty of the Solicitor of each district to report all missionaries so offending to the agent, who is hereby request ed to place them beyond the limits of our Na tion. “Be it further enacted, That it shall not be lawful for any citizen of this Nation to advise or counsel any slave to the prejudice of his own er or owiers, and any person so offending, upon conviction before any of the District Courts, shall be required to pay a fine of not less than twenty-five, nor exceeding one hundred dollars, at the discretion of the Court, for the benefit of the injured person. “Be it further enacted, That it-is hereby made unlawful for the Superintendent of Pub lic Schools to employ or continue as teacher, in any Public School of this Nation, any person kuown to be an Abolitionist, or whose influence is opposed to the interest of the slaveholders. “Be >t further enacted, That it shall not be lawful for the National Treasurer to issue a permit to any known Abolitionist.” Russian Plan of Next Year's Campaign. —A letter from Moscow of the 20th ult., says: —The grand council of generals lately convok ed at St. Petersburg, under the personal presi dency of the Emperor, have settled the prin ciples on which the forthcoming campaign shall be carried on. St Petersburg and Moscow are to be fortified, and, together witli Warsaw, will form the three first class fortresses of the empire. Gen. Todtleben has arrived here, and, not withstanding the extreme rigor of the weath er—the frost having set in here with all the proverbial vio'ence of a Russian winter—may be seen every day. accompanied by his staff of engineers, all wraped in bears skins, surveying the ground and fixing the poles ‘o designate the line of circumvallation, which will be commen ced on the breaking up of the frost. Besides this, other fixed principles of strate gy have been agreed on for the prosecution of the war, though it must be confessed that as it is so essentially a defensive war on the part of the Russians, all these plans may be complete ly upset, or at all events greatly modified, by any change in the system of attack on the part of the Western Powers. It is fully expected in Russia that next year the princip I seat of the war will be transferred to the north, and the greatest exertions are making for an effi cient defence. For the safety of Cronstadt and Helsingfors no fears are entertained, as the ex perience of the last two years has shown that the enemy are not able to inflict much damage: nor is it feared that even if the fleets are in creased by 200 steam gunboats they could take either of these strongholds unless with the co operation of a unmesous and well-appointed army on shore. The system of tactics resolved on by the great council of war may be summed up as follows : The fortification of St. Pe tersburg, Moscow, Kiew, Warsaw, and Nich olaieff - seccndly, the concertration of few but imposing armies ; and thirdly, the abandon ment of all the minor places, soLiebau, Riga, and even Odessa, will be deprived of regular garrisons, aud left to the fate and the tender mercy of the enemy. The cold is so severe that several sentinels have been found frozen to death in their sentry boxes, although they are relieved every half hour. Tte Invasion of Dominica by the Fmpe ror SofLOUtH’E.—Letters from Hayti for some time past have referred to the great prepara tions made by Soulouque, the black Emperor of Hayti, for the conquest of Dominica, the Spanish part of tho island, which has been the darling project of his life. Several times has he been foiled in this undertaking, the last time by the intervention of the English and French, but now he believes he has collected an army of sufficient magnitude to overwhelm it. The ; statement made several weeks since, that the; French had interfered and caused Soulouqre to back out of his undertaking, is incorrect, i though they may ultimately step between the contending parties. The rumor among the Haytiens is, that this time the English aud French will not interfere. A letter received in this city from Cape Haytien. December 20, says. -Times are dull, owing to the march, which j it seems the Emperor is prosecuting with vigor and, from all 1 can gather, with strong pros pects of success this time. The people are un- 1 der thorough subjection and render him passive obedience, at least, iu everything. The troops, I am told, are better disciplined and better clothed and fed than at any other time since the Revolution. Popular opinion is in favor! of success this time, and I should not be very, much surprised at it. lam sorry for the poor Spaniards, as they will have a hard fate, 1 if the Haytiens get the upper hand of them." I We have also some account from the Domi nicans. A letter received in this city from Port-a-Platte, Dec. 15, says that on that day, the alarm of the approach of the Haytiens had been sounded, and in consequence business was suspended. There were rumors at Port a-Platte that there had been already a slight collission on the frontier, iu which a small num ber of Haytiens were taken prisoners by the Demin icons.— Boston Traveller. The last grand jury in Columbus, for Muscogee county, recommend that the law ex empting firemen and members of military com i paniee from jury duty in that county b« repeal isd. Yay es getting a Maw out of Office. “An Example of the nianr? r in which Au tra proceeds, when bent on pruning down -uperllu ous learning, canin under my own observation, at the college of Nagy Enned. in Ilungarkiu Transylvania. One of theablest men in Hung ary, and one of the soundest jurists of the Euro pean continent, Charles Sass, was there profess or of natural law. I have listened with di light ed attention while, with an elegance of diction and a breadth of appreciation which Burkina qui might have envied, he expounded the prin- of his scieuce. The ofiect of such a course was to arouse young nu n to futher study, and to sentiments of patriotic usefulness. This conld not be t< lerated, and the Austrian Gov ernor of Transylvania duly made bis report thereupon to Vienna. “The matter came before Prince Metternich himself, who, finding it difficult to reconcile the theory of natural law with his own practice of Austrian law, decided to punish Sass, by de priving him of his professorship. Here arose a difficulty, however. In any other province of Austria the professor would, without any Other ceremony, be turned out to starve, but the statutes of the college preven ted removal without proper cause, and the Diet of Hungary being then in session—being then in existence—would have insisted on the main tainanee of the statutes. The ingenuity of Metternich found away of circumventing the difficulty. The professor could not be removed, but he might, by superior decree, be named to another professorship. The course was clear —the appointment to lecture on natural law was revoked, and Charles Sass, the accomplish ed jurist, was made professor of botany, Know ing, as he himself said, as much of botany as the difference between cabbage and cauliflow er, lie found himself thus suddenly called on to explain tiie minutest details of the classification of plants. The enlightened and paternal gov ernment of Austria hoped to find him unpre pared, and so gain a pretext for his removal. Knowing this, be bent himself, with admirable energy to his new duties, and in six weeks was ready with his botanical course.” Important to Postmasters. —Our attention has been called to the fact that some postmas ters are in the habit of sending back to the mailing office letters reaching them for delivery because they were not prepaid by stamps, but by money. This is wrong, and arises from a mis apprehension of the law. In no case, inde d. should a letter, after it has reached the office of delivery, be returned for postage, much less should it be returned because the postage was not paid by stamps. It is the general duty of postmasters to see that letters are prepaid by stamps, but when (having been prepaid in cash, either through ignorance oft lie law, or inadvertence, or want of stamps on the part of mailing postmaster) they reach their destination it is the duty of the postmaster to deliver them the same as though prepaid by stamps.— It will necessarily happen, in the introduction of the stamp-prepay-ment system, that supplies of stamps will fail to reach some of the small and remote offic.s at the proper time, and it | would be doing violence to the citizens of those ; localities to return, and thus delay their cor-1 respcmdence, because of a circumstance so unn- i voidable. Entertaining this view of the sub-, ject, the department lais instructed postmasters | not having stamps, to forward letters as hereto- ■ fore when prepaid by money. If an unpaid J letter, from any cause, gets into tiie mail ami ■ reaches its destination, it should b< deli I on payment of postage at prepaid ra'e- Anti-Nebraska democrats.—The Wash ington correspondent of the New A ork Herald informs us that about of the democratic members of the present Congress are Anti-Nebraska— nearly hall _ the whol? number. If this be so, what claims have tho democracy to be considered a national party more than any other'? the Savannah (Ga.) Republican, from which we take the above extract, is a know-nothing 1 journal, and deals in wanton falsehoods like | the above for lhe purpose of supplying inuteri- ; 1 alto the southern allies of the abolition-know-; ' nothings. The democrats to whom allusion is: ' made in this extract do not lhem.-elves h--ilate: i to say that they have on identity with the I democratic party: and when they do. the d- mo : i cratic parly say so for them by holding them i all as its enemies. They were elected to Con-1 gress over known national democrats, and elec ted, too, upon know-nothing and auti-Nebraska > sentiments. They have no more claims to be called democrats here than Garnett Andrews, | ' Simpson Fouche, James Johnson, and other;' renegades from the democratic party in Gcor-, 1 gia, have to be considered democrats there.— ; IFash. Union. What the Kars Capitulation Gives the ■ Russians. —The capitu'ation of Kars appears to be a very great advantage gained by Russia i which counterbalances in a great measure the I' losses in the Crimea. By the possession of this: , commanding position, Russia has control of the ! great highway by which the trade of Western ’ Europe finds itc way overland from Trebizoud to Persia and the countries of Central Asia ' which lies beyond it. Russia was begining to I suffer from the stopage of her commerse, and the consequent drying up of the supplies requir ed to enable her to carry on the war. Th- cap- ! fare of Kara enables her to stop tin ■;■ .• nt ol European commerce through Turkey to Central, ' Asia, aud compel the steamer to flow across h-r; ' own territories; thus partially neutralizing the . , pressure her own trade was beginning t“ feel.: and enabling her to protect the war. Persia I itself is placed in a condition of mercantile de- > pendency upon Russia, which, with her evident leaning in the same diretion, it is believed will i induce her to pick a quarrel with Turkey for' the purpo-e of extending her dominion. Interesting from Rome.- We gather the following from a letter in Newark (N.J.) Ad 1 vertiser, dated Rome. Dec. 22: The venerable widow of Louis Philipp - who I has been seriously ill at her cl nnin wintei residence in the' neighborhood of Genoa, is. I am happy to say, convalescent. Iler son.-. Prince de Joinville and the Duke d'Au: a ■. ; have, in consequence, set out cu a visit • ■> Eng land, via Germany. I Mr. Fillmore, who is accompanied by Dr. I Foote, of Buffalo, formerly Minister to Ans’ra ! still lingers at Florence, but is expected to reach this city next week. Among the Amer j ican winter residents iu the country, I notice I the name of the senior editor and proprietor of the New York Herald. The I come freezing cold, most of the steam' iu the I Peninsular are clothed with i:-. ; nd t;;e bills i are e cry where covered with snow. It is coi:- ! fe.-sedlv the severest winter, thus far. <'xp r-r'":c --id in Italy in twenty years. j ! Reysard and the Locomotive. —A fox, on Monday last, who had been chased, to to the , I track of the Richmond and Petersburg Bail ' road as the train came whizzing along R- r.- ard kept his courage up for some time, but the I engineer, to have a li” ■■ son, spread the ihrut f Ite valve and pitc' d niter him with a will. I It was “pull Dick.. -.’l devil,” for some minutes, I but the locomotive gained on him. an I poor I Bernard was brushi ig the 5.,-.••.v off the c; w s catcher with his tail, when, fortunately for; I'him, a cow pit suddenly offered him safety, and . down he dipped into it, and remained till the I traja passed'vve I Mr- Toombs in Boston. 1 .ij i uni's on Slavery.—The ninth lecture of this course was delivered at the Termont Tem ple last evening by Hon. Robert. Toombs, of Georgia, on the subject of “The Consistency of African Slavery with the Constitution of the United States, and with Republican In stitutions; and the Effects of the American Revolution upon the African Race.” The theme was one affording an extensive field for ihe exercise of thought and argument, and the distinguished southern senator evidently felt that his ideas rested upon a firm and solid basis of truth, reason and judment. At 7 1-2 o’clock Mr. Toombs appeared up on the stage, accompainied by several distingu ished gentleman of this city, and was introduc ed to the audience by the chairman, Dr. Howe. As the lecturer rose, expressions of disapproba tion were mingled with the applause which greeted him. He was about to speak when i hisses were again heard. But havingat length obtained au opportunity of speaking, Mr. Tombs stated in the most pleasant and affable manner that “as to marks of disapprobation, of of course every free man had a right to express his own sentiments,” but he would beg of his “countrymen to hear before they struck.” The lecturer then proceeded to discuss the points cm bi need in the subject which lie. was to submit to the attention of the audience, and stated that the ground he took and the opinions which he should express were those which claimed their origin trom an unbridled conscience. He claimed that the slave held his natural and normal condition, and that it was neither wise or proper to interfere with it— there being no clause or proposition in the con stitution ot the United States to restrict, re strain or impair slavery. The constitution had been framed by great and good men, to whose natures the feelings of sectionalism and ouei deaism were entirely foreign, aud the institu tion of slavery was by them sts a majority recog nized. There had been in our early history as strong feelings against slavery in the sout rne as in the northern states, and’ the speaker alh luded to the influence which Massachuttess i had exercised in increasing it at that time. We did not. Mr. T. continued,create slavery, we do not know who did. Go back to the an cient race of Egyptians-the blacks were their slaves. You find him a slave in other countries, and especially in his own, where his cruel mas t :■ is as savage and ignorant as himself. Soon fter the discovery of America tho policy of the world, with pope of Rome at it. head, sanctioned the importation of slaves. Their course, where they have depended upon their own government, has been characterised by revolutions, or rather burlesque revolutions, and their history has been one of turmoil and confusion. According to the theory of those who be lieve in the eqnality of races, we have only to review the histor of the black in the northern states, where he is allowed to enjoy equal privil ieges. For seventy years the benefits of its institutions have been placed within his reach aud what is the result. What progress has he made in a social o intellectual point of view? Under the institur tions of the south the interests of the slave, is promoted iu a greater degree than it is in any clime throughout tin known world. Mr. Toomb s lecture was listened to with evident interest. His desire throughout was evidently to define slavery as he saw it, with every feeling of respect for the opinions and sympathies of his listeners, whos heartseon this subject he felt did not beat in unison with his. In the course of his lectur he remarked. “Stan ding before my countrymen, I shall shun no question aud wear no mask.” We think we could pay no higher compliment to the man than to say that this remark is characteristic of his nature.— From the Boston Post. Congressional. Washington, Jan. 24.—1 n the Senate to day, the letter of Lord John Russel, while Prime Minister of England, in which Great Britain denied the intention of assuming any Sover eignty over Central America, was presented by Mr Clayton. The honorable Senator de noaced the tortuous diplomacy of the present Premier of England, Lord Palmerston, as monstrous and disgraceful. Gen. Cass was too unwell to speak. The Hon. James M. Mason, of Virginia, said that the interests and honor of liiseountry demanded that England should be held to a strict performance of he Treaty stipulations. The Hon W. H. Seward considered that there should be no unnecessary delay iu the settlement of this important con troversy, and moved that it should be made the specialorder for Monday next. House.—ln the House to-day, Mr. Fuller withdrew his name as a candidate for Speaker. The resolution of Mr. Rust, of Arkansas, re questing all the candidates to withdraw their names, was laid on the table by a majority of one. A ballot for Speaker followed. Which re suited in no choice. Mr. Banks received 96, but 102 was necessary to secure an elec tion. Further by the Baltic. Advices had been received in London from Montevideo, announcing a revolution which occurred on the 25th November. The city, for four days, presented a sad scene of carnage and distruetion; one hundred were killed, and a much larger number were wounded. Ord r was not resorted until the 29th, when Munoz mid his revolutionary party embarked for Bue nos Ayres iu steamers, in conformity to the de mands’of the diplomatic agents residing in Montevideo. Foreigners maintained strict neu trality. Intelligence from St. Petersburg to the 3d January, state that the War Council bad con cluded to change the Russian tactics tor the approaching Spring compaign. and that impor n; ■ i lieen effected. Orders ha 1 b- > u sent from Head Quarters, which indi cate t. " intention to abandon to Crimea ;a part of the troops having been ordered to reinforce Monruviiff. aud othees are to join the grand nrmv >■!' the Centre, at Kiel, on the Btli Jan- Trade bi’tween the lower Baltic ports and those of Russia, is carried on with great activi tv. Au American ship bod arrived at Morriel. and was loading witn hemp yarn. Rai ages of Wolves in lowa.—The Keok uk Dailv Host, of the 11th inst, for some time Tia'st. the wolves have been extremely dangerous in Pottawattamie county. About three weeks a“-o t man was returnin': from a prayer meet in?. aecompanaied by his two daughters, one land tl'.'i other 23 years of age. They were :? r‘,l'-g the same horse, when sudeuly a pack ailed them, and, being unable to escape bj- flight, they attempted to dfe d t'.i- "v But the ferocious brutes attack d t! e li Tse. rendering him unmanag-a •u’e The o: Est daughter was partly thrown I a: d parly C' ecetl to the ground, amljinstanlly devoured, 'i i father aud his other daughter man K'-l to escape. Several n gbbors were mustered, who repaired to the t, but found nothin'’ but one of the girl’s shoes and a few remnants of her clothing. A boy, aged 13, left his father's bouse to get some water at a sprin", about half a mile distant. Not returu- I ing, search was made for him, when the pail ! was found near the spring, also some maks of j blood aud a look or twoot hair. Lord John Russel’s Letter. j The fallowing is the letter of Lord John Rus -Bell, to which reference is made iu the Senate’s proceedings of the 24th iust. It was commu nicated by the President in compliance with a resolution of the Senate. Lord John Russell to Mr. Crampton. London, Jan. 19 1853. Sir :—ln treating of the affairs of the Mos quito, I must, in the first place, refer you to a despatch of Lord Malmesbury of the IGth July 1852, upon this subject. It is evident that since Great Britain first assumed the protection and defence of the Mos ' quito Indians, the position of all parties lias I changed: Ist. Spain, instead of exercising absolute I sovereignity over Central America and pro j hipiting all commerce on the coasts under her sway, has entirely lost her dominion over the i continent, from Cape Horn to Florida. 2d. The Mosquito Indians, instead of gov erning their own tribe according to their own customs, furnish a name and title to Europeans and Americans, who carry on trade at Grey town and along the coast of Mosquito accor ding to the usages of civilized nations. 3d. Great Britian, instead of having an in terest in the defence of the Mosquito Indians for the sake of rescuing part of the territory of Central America from Spanish control and obtaining an authority for her commerce, has other interest in Mosquito than that which is derived from an honorable regard for her old connection with the Indian nation of Mosqui to. Her Majesty's Government has for several years endeavored to su.t her engagements to the altered circumstances of the case, but every proposal that has been made with this view had ' encountered some insuperable obstacle. The I contentions in Central America between Niear- I agua, Costo Rica, and Honduras, the absence es any authority with which any permanent I agreement could be made, unfounded jealousies I of Great Britain, and various other circumstan- I cos have prevented a settlement of this vexa tious question. In conformity with the opinions stated in Lord Malmesbury’s despatch of July IGth, to which I have already referred you, I have to state that the Committee of Government of Greytown are in fact the real power that ex ercises authority in that part of Central Ameri ca. To her Majesty’s Government it would be a matter of indifference whether that authority was exercised in the name of Greytown itself; but it is desirable that what is apparent should be made to conform as far as possible with what is real. What is apparent is that the King of Mosquito exescises sovereignty over Greytown, what is real is that he had no authority there whatever, but that a committee of Europeans and Americans carry on the Government at that port. What her Majesty's Government, therefore, would consider a good and final arrangement would be. • Ist. That Greytown should be a free and independent port, connected with Mosquito by such relations of friendship and alliance as may be agreed upon. 2d. That indemnification or advantages equi valent to those laid down in the project of con vention of the 30th of April, 1852, shall be as sured to Mosquito in return for its withdraw] from its present position in regard to Greytown. 3d. That Great Britain and the' United States, without guaranteeing Greytown, should be ready to act in concert to defend the inde pendence of the free city or port of Greytown from whatever quarter it mig t be attacked. What is essential and of .immediate impor tance is, that the authorities of Grey town should be ready to assume either unqualified indepen dence, with an engagement to defend Musquito, or a qualified independence, owing allegiance and support to Musquito. For this purpose, some person qualified to treat should proceed at once to Greytown.— Whether a naval officer of her Majesty or a civil one would be the litter person to bo en trusted with this mission, ! must leave you to decide. It would be desirable, if the Govern ment of the United States should concur in these views, that a new convention, in the place of the unaccepted project of agreement of April, 1852, should be proposed and concluded, and that a person similarly qualified should be sent by this Government at the same time and for the same object. I have only further to say that the indemnity to Musquito’ might possibly not be made iu money, but in greater security for a certain fixed territory within which the free port of Greytown, assisted by her Majesty’s ships of war, might manage to defend the Musquito nation. The Governor-General of Canada anil the authorities in other of her Majesty’s North American possessions have made from time to time agreements somewhat similar. The Pres ident of the United States has frequently made conventions with Indians to the like effect. The peculiarity of this case is, that certain neighboring States deny altogether the indepen dence of Musquito, and the Musquito nation are liable every day to new incursions upon their territory. We can make no complete provision against this danger. Our policy is to do all that honor and humanity require in behalf of the Musquito nation ; but wc intend to adhere strictly to the treaty of Washington of the 19th April, 1850, and not to assume any sovereignty, either direct or indirect, in Central America. J. RUSSELL. Memorandum in Mr. Everett's handwriting. —r. Crampton authorized me to communi cate this to Congress in any way I thought proper. Later from the Sentinole war. The Tampa Peninsular of the 19th inst., at iand yecterday. con ains the following para giaphs concerning the Indian war in South Florida:— The news from Fort Myers is very indefinite. Scouting parties have returned without dis covering Indians or recent signs—having ac complished nothing but the destruction of sev eral encampments and all the livestock (Indian property) they met with. We understand that the blockhouses burnt by the Indians will be rebuilt, as well as sever al others at impor ant posts—three at Fort M.fers. Also, extensive stable accommodations to be erected at Fort Myers. The volunteers at Fort Meade are regularly performing scouting duty and other important services. They are eager to engage the enemy and await impatiently authority to march into his territory. The volunteer companies are organized on the Manatee river, under Capts. Gates and Addison. ——-• ■ ®sy-A learned physician has extracted a powerful tonic from sausages containing the original bark. He very properly calls it “The Sulphate of Canine.” Deep Snow.—A great quantity of snow has recently fa’len in the western part of New York. It is thought to average, throughout the States, from two to soar feet. In Chautau que county the snow is said to be three feet on a level, and in Lewis county about four and a alffeet. WM. KA Z PROPRIETOR NUMBER 26. Correspondence of the Richmond Dispatch. Washington, Thursday night, Jan. 24. The House is not yet organized, contrary to the expectations of many—expectatiurm, however, which rested on a slender basis. -Mr. Orr has’ taken Mr. Richardson’s place, without any per ceptible advantage not possessed by Mr. Rich son. Three things arc pretty clearly indicated I first, the free soilers cannot unite cn Mr. Banks; second, there are others of their party, any one of whom they could elect, if Mr Banks were withdrawn ; third, Mr. Banks will not be with drawn. Many of that party who see and feel that this is the true state of things acknowledged themselves beaten, and look to the decadance of their party as a certain future event. To night, indeed, they are exceedingly chop-fallen. They feel that their most disastrous hour is the I very hour of promised triumph. Their action to-day, with reference to the President’s Mes sage on Kansas affairs, was singularly impolitic and foolish. Had they permitted the reception of the Message, it might not have been read; but unjustly and unreasonably opposing its re ception, they were defeated, and tuen it was ea sy to defeat them on the question of reading. I have only heard this message read by ths clerk. It appears to.me to be a very calm and elaborate review of the whole Kansas question, which could have waited awhile, had not the President been desirous of testing his ability to communicate with the country through Con gress. The House had been very orderly and business like prior to the arrival of the message; but as soon as the President’s private secretary, Mr. Sideny Webster, appeared in the main aisle of the Hall, Mr. Campbell of Ohio who had been put on the alert, spring to his feet and protested against receiveing the document. Mr. Craige, of North Carolina, the tallest man in the House, took the lead in the tumult. He took position in front of tho clerk’s desk, and very near to it. Here he vociferated an octave above the hundred voices that were shouting “order!” —his form swayed to and fro; amidst the crowd of friends and opponents who surrounded him. In the midst of the scene, and when it raged wildest, Mr. Paine, of North Car olina placed himself by tho side of Mr. Craige, and in the name of God and his country, denounced tho discreditable pro ceedings. At this point Mr. Stephens of Georgia, who can always command tho attention of the House, arose and moved the recep tion of the Message. Mr. Campbell imme diately withdrew bis protest to permit the application of this test, and so it decided. During the vote on the proposition to lay on the table Mr Stphen’s motion to receive the Message Mr. A. K. Marshall; of Ky , did an adroit thing. The mes sage had not been presented by Mr. Web ster, and the House had no information formally as to who sent it, nor what it was When Mr. Marshall’s name was called he took the package from the hand of Mr. Webster, and asked if he was desired to vote on a motion to lay on the table a mo tion to receive from the President through the hands of his secretary, ‘his message. The clerk responded ”ycs-” and he voted no. Mr. Clayton spoke on the difference be tween England and the United States with respect to the Central America ques tion, and I think successfully impeached the fair dealing of the British goverment in tho premises. But of this in my next. The following appointments have been made by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate: “O. Jennings Wise, of Virginia, to be sec retary of the legation of the United states at Paris, in place of Don Piatt resigned. “Edward G. W. Butler, jr., of Louisiana, to be secretary of the ligation of the United States at Berlin, in place of 0. Jennings Wise, transferred to Paris. “John N. Garesche, of Delaware, to be consul of the United States at the port of Matanzas Island of Cuba, in place of Edward worrell, removed. “Robert 11. Seese, of New York, to be con sul, of the United States at the port of Spez zia, in Sardinia. “Jonathan S. Jenkins, of California, to be consul of the United States at Apia, Naviga tor’s Islands. “George V. Brown, of New York, to be consul of the United states at Tangier, Moroc co, in place of Samuel P. Collins, deceased. Some on Hoops.—The Scbuyler County Amer cau Buget is “some” «n hoop yarns. For in stance. he telle of an accommodating young beau in Havana who recently called “to take a young lady out for a sleigh ride. When the lady was seated, the young man discovered that his fair companion with her surrounding ap purtenances entirly filled the cutter, and not being willing to go afoot himself, he gallantly mounted the nag, and both parties rode on their way rejoicing. More recently (says this truth loving editor,) a lady was walking along South Street, Havana, when one of the hoops, the ends of which had uot been strongly secured together, suddenly broke loose and flying back with great force, tore completely through tM outer garments and struck a small boy who was standing on the side walk about twenty feet from the lady. Tho small boy was taken, home senseless, and it is leare 1, will not recover The hoop is already to-covered. An Indian Shroud of Gold.^—Hon. Tho mas Ewbank, ex-Commissioner of Patents, communicates to the National Intelligencer some interesting information in regard to re cent discoveries in the excavat on of Peruvian tumuli. The information was received by Mr. Ewbank from W. W. Evans, engineer of the Africa and Tacua railroad in Peru. Mr. Evan sta‘es that in making excavations for for railroad at Arica, hundreds of graves are de molished, in which are numerous Indian relics. The excavations are seventy feet deep, and the soil is loose sand. Among other interesting relics, an Indian was started out of his resting place rolled up in a shroud o! go d. Before Mr. Evans had knowledge of ttys incident, the work men had cut up this magnificent winding-sheet and divided it among themselves. With some difficult he obtained a fragment, and despatched it to Mr. Ewbank. Mr. Evans notices us a remarkable fact, that in hundreds of Indian skulls which he has examined, not one has a decayed tooth. Mr. Ewbank thiuks the weight of the entire shroud must have been eight or nine pounds, and had it been preserved would have been the finest specimen of sheet gold tlia we have ever heard of since the times of tht Spanish conquest. The Cholera in Austria.—From the Ist of May up to the 10th of November, 549,099 persons had the cholera in the Austria empire 288,029 recovered, 230,861 died asd 20,208 were still under medical treatment