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2 (Binminn. i 1 i WMife- _ ATLANTA, MAY 22, 1856. The President’s Message on our rela tions with Nicaragua, the reader will find in to-day’s paper. We give it to the reader, without comment, as anything that we could say, would be super fluous, where facts are so plainly set forth, and where argument is so conclusive. Editorial Change. The editorial department of the Dalton “Ex positor,” has changed hands. Its late editor, Col. William Gordon, who has battled so long, and so ably, in defence of democratic princi ples, has retired from that press, and is succee ded by Mr. C. L. Barbour, recently of this pa per. As heretofore, the “ Expositor ” will contin ue to be a faithful champion of Anti-Know Nothing and Democratic principles ; and that it will render valuable service, under its present chief, to the good cause, judging the future by the past, we of the “ Examiner ” have good reasons, confidently to assert. The President’s Message On our relations with Nicaragua, we receiv ed on yesterday, and will give it, at length, to our readers on to-morrow. Th? Massage was sent to Congress with the correspondence in regard to our present relations with Nicaragua’ and is a detailed history of these relations.— The message has created great excitement, and will be read with great interest by the public The long talked of “crisis" in our aflairs with Great Britain on the Central American ques tion, is now at hand. There is to be a backing out somewhere ; will it on the part of Brother Jonathan, or Brother Bull ? Unfortunate Casualty. The freight train of the LaGrange Railroad was thrown off the track on Friday last, by running over a cow, and the Engineer, a very worthy and highly esteemed citizen of Atlanta, Mr. Isaac Smith, was instantly killed. We learn that the deceased had been in the ssrvice of the Georgia Rail Road Company for about eight years, and that he was considered a valu able officer, ns he was eminently a valuable citizen, though yet a young man, being only 23 years of age. His remains were consigned to the tomb on Sunday last, attended by a large concourse of relatives, personal friends, and citizens. Swan’s Bank Note List and Detector. This valuable semi-monthly publication, for May 15, was laid on our table on yesterday Aside from its reliability as a bank note detector and list of bank notes, with the rate of discount on each at this point, it contains several pages of interesting and valuable reading matter, al together making it a work of great importance to the Southern merchant, broker, or banking institutions. The publisher, Mr. Swan, from his business operations, possesses superior ad vantages for obtaining early and reliable in formation in reference to the condition of the several banks of the Union, and his known per severance and energy will doubtless place his work in the front rank of all similar publica tions. It has now only reached its twelfth number, and has we learn, a circula tion and reputation scarcely inferior to Thomp son’s, of Wall Street, New York. Stone Mountain House Ou Saturday last, business called us to the Stone Mountain, and while there, we took up our quarters at the “Stone Mountain House,” where every thing that is good, and comforta ble, for the “inner man,” can always be found. This House, as our readers have already been advised through our columns, is under the su perintendence of Messrs. Alexander & Clark— the former of whom is always on the spot, ready to make his guests at kame and comfortable.— It. is decidedly the best kept country house, or retreat for heal th or pleasure in the State, that we have over visited, and its enterprising pro prietors are determined to make it, and keep it so, during the coming season, and in all the future. We might proceed to enlarge upon the Stone Mountain as a retreat for those who desire to spend the summer months in the up country of Georgia, but we have have not now the time, nor space, and we do not think it necessary. But we shall do all that we can, to encourage, during the summer, trips of pleasure to this attractive place, for we believe that no where else in the State can parties of pleasure enjoy themselves half so well. Very Acceptable. An editor is often cheered on in his work by little evidences of the confidence of his friends, and frequently by more substantial acknowl. edgements that he is not forgotten when the “good Mings" of life are being distributed by generous hands around and about him. I* or ourself, we have been favored on more than one occasion, this spring, with the fruits of the garden, from the hands of more than one of onr“/inr” friends. But, on Saturday last, I we were most agreeably surprized, at receiving I from our accomplished and highly esteemed neighbor, Mrs. Dr. J. F. Alexander, a substan tial present from her garden, in the shape of a dish of fine irish potatoes, of this spring’s growth, of delicious flavor and large size, and, in our estimation, worth more than all other products of the garden, particularly at this season of the year. While disposing of them at the table, many and truly were the thanks which we trans mitted to our fair neighbor, and we cannot now refrain from doing so over again. May pros perity ever attend both her and her Zrigr lord. Bank of Fulton. This Bank commenced business on yesterday, under most favorable auspices. Stock to the amount of $170,000, has been taken, and the books will be kept open for thirty day’s longer for the benefit of those who may desire to in vest. On Saturday, the directors proceeded to elec a Cashier. The choice of the Board fell upon one of the most esteemed and reliable merchants of this place, Mr. Wiliam M. Williams, of the house of J. E. Williams & Co., from which, we learn, he retires, to devote his whole time to the interest of the Bank. Our business men have now the opportunity offered them of encouraging a home institution —one controlled by its own citizens, and of ficered by them. Sustain the bank, and it will be its interest to sustain you. We doubt not that both feel there is a mutual obligation, and that the result of the establishment of the Bank will be to make Atlanta more independ ent of other cities for banking privileges, than, thus far it has been. See notice of the Bank in our advertising columns. —-» . The Republican & Discipline. The sagacious Editor of the “Republican & Discipline,” to whose pen the public are so greatly indebted for lessons in politics, finance philosophy, and belles lettres, perpetrates at times slang, over a significant *, that reminds one forcibly of an “old soger” of the press who has figured largely, for years, in the politics of the State. Once or twice in the course of his life, this “old soger" succeeded, as we are ad vised, in stringing words together in such a way, as to excite the risible faculties of some es his readers, and actually provoked them Into a fit of laughter 1 One of these friends surely, must have been the grave and sagacious Senior of the Republican & Discipline ; else why imi tate the style, temper, and slang of the retired, and distinguished Editor ? Really we have a right to expect better things from our cotempo. rary. It is time that his mental superiority, should be displayed in the conduct of his pa per, and that such slang as “wolloped you in the dust" and abortive efforts at wit, should be superseded by essays on finance, or even on po fits literature! This is, or should be, the forte of our neighbor, and when we see him directing his attention that way, we will take pleasure in reviewing his theories, or replying to his ar guments. But until then we beg leave to de cline noticing farther his allusions to the, as he terms it, “non de plume” of “Foreigners in Georgia,” or bis happy allusions to ourself— “ Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof.” Strange and True. “ Late and Early,” the correspondent from Washington City of one of the Montgomery papers, writes as follows : “ There is now among us one Maname Her mon, a French woman about 40 years of age, who is vending at $5 a box, a certain specific for the prevention of all the diseases females are heir to. Several cases of premature birth have recently been attended by some of our physicians, which have been brought on by taking the medicine sold by this woman. She says she defies the police officers who dare at tempt to arrest her, avowing her capability of proving that her mixture is a lawful compound to be found in the materia media, and not a poison. Strong efforts are being made in a certain quarter to have her arrested, but it seems none of those who have taken her medi cine will appear to testify. She is reaping a golden harvest in this city of sin and corrup tion. There are many females here who en courage such women as the one I speak of in Older to save themselves from being disgraced.” In all of the principal cities of Europe, and, we regret to say, in the great commercial em porium of the U. States, New York, there are many, very many Madame Hermans.— Vice, though “a monster of hideous mien,” prevails as well in this country, as in Europe, and in the shape of quacks in medicine, as wel as “ French women” with their $5 pill boxes it is making rapid strides throughout all the large cities of the American Republic. How strange it is that where there is congregated the greatest amount of enterprize and of wealth, or the largest share of political influence ; and where also there is assembled those upon whom are conferred the highest honors which the peo ple can bestow ; how strange it is, we say, that there, vice, in its most revolting forms, is always first introduced ; and that it is Mere, that crime escapes mest frequently without punishment, while it is winked at, and tolerated by the magnates of the land. Oh ! for the good old times, when all such as Madame Herman was looked at as a pestilence, and when all of the Restel tribe, male an 1 female, were separated from ths shores of America, by the waves of the broad Atlantic! Fashionable Society 1 God save the country from its influence ! Wherever its influence pre vails, it is a cancer eat ing into the vitals of the community, and youth and innocence are forced to yield to its dread behests. 1 le, or she, whom it makes captive, travels from thenceforth a road that leads to swift destruction. Weak always are the efforts of resistance ; and strong and powerful are the inducements and tempta. tions to go still further, and further, on. In nine cases ont of ten, the male devotees of “Fash ionable Life,” become victims of the faro-bank and the dice box : while its female devotees are. too often, we fear, for the honor of the sex. the victims of such miscreants as Madam Herman, and Madam Restel From such life, let all pray to lie delivered ’ It saps the foundation I of virtue, and leads to inevitable misery. The Available Candidate. It amuses us to see how actively engaged th | Iriends of Mr. Fillmore. North and South, are i to sustain his pretensions to the Fressidency. I We say. his pretensions, for it is evident, al- | though in Europe, his ambition ere he left the i U. States, was directed to that end ; and that I he anticipated the nomination by his party. hi g friends who have vouched for him, Haven and | others, have already satisfied the public. But | a number of Mr. Fillmore’s Southern friend 1 arc in a sad quandary, in regard to his nomi ■ nation, and, his party position. If, the nomi nation, is not an available one in the South. It is supposed by many of them, that as a sort of independent candidate, Millard Fillmore would unite all the opponents of the Nebraska and Kansas democracy, while, at the same time, it wonld secure the Southern Know Nothing vote. His nomination, and support, however, by the Northern anti-Nebraska and Know Nothing party, and the declaration made by his confidential friends, that he will accept it, places his Southern friends in a sad dilemma- And what adds much to their distress is the fact, that, at the North, a leading Know Nothing Press is actually using every effort to induce the Black Republicans to unite with the “Se cret Order” party, on Mr. Fillmore, and urges as a reason for the formation of this league, that Millard Fillmore’s opinions in reference to the great political questions of the day, will be found acceptable to the Black Republicans. If here is not a “pretty Kettle of fish ” for Mr. Fillmore's Southern admirers to feed upon, then we know not where they will find one. I Nevertheless, a number of Mr. Fillmore’s former admirers in the Whig ranks ; or, we should say, a number of those who look to availability in a candidate, rather than princi ple ; and who hate democracy with an unholy hatred simply because it is not called whiggery; a number we say of these, some connected with the press, and others leaders of cliques in vari ous sections of the South, are bent upon run ning Mr. Eillmore ; not, however, as a party candidate, for they see defect starring them in the face if they venture thus far ; but as a sort of people's candidate, or as a sort of conserva tive politician, who will steer clear of Free Soil influence and abolition schemes, placing himself somewhere between the two, and occu pying, for it comes to this at last, just no de fined position at all. It is this that is to make him available in the South, and to this great and, superhuman efforts are now being direc ted. But all this will not do. Mr. Fillmore will be forced to define his position. He will or will not accept the Know Nothing nomination. If he does accept, he will be forced to take the Northern or Southern side of the great politi cal questions of the day, and when he does this, his Southern Know Nothing admirers, and haters of democracy, will have to give it up. Mr. Fiilmore will not prove available in the North, and there will end all speculation as to his prospects. 1 A Crumb of Comfort for the South Amer icans- ' Under the above head, we find the following article in the Washington Union of Saturday last. “The friends of Mr. Fillmore at the South will read with interest the following brief ac count of the action of the “Pennsylvania American State Convention,” which met at Harrisburg on the 13th inst,: Harrisburg, Tuesday, May 13,1856. The Edie branch of know-nothings are hold ing a state convention in this city with closed doors. Sixty delegates are said to be in at tendance, among whom are Gov. Johnston and Gen. Small. A. W. Benedict, Esq., presides over the convention. Outsiders are in donbt as to the object of the conference. It is un derstood that the 12th section wing of the par ty predominates. Mr. Edie presided at the afternoon session. Gen. Small offered resolutions ratifying the nomination of Messrs. Fillmore and Donelson, denouncing the administration for repealing the Missouri Compromise, and condemning the Kansas Nebraska act as an outrage upon the people. Gov. Johnston offered a substitute approv ing the action of the delegates who retired from the Philadelphia convention, and the calling of a convention at New York for the 12th of June. After debate, the substitute was rejected, and the resolutions adopted by a vote of 33 to 22. Gov. Johnston and fourteen other Edie dele gates then retired. Mr. Edie moved a reconsideration, in order to give Mr. Fillmore time to get right on the Missouri question. Rejected. The ticket nominated by the Union State Convention was ratified. A resolution to make future meetings open was passed. Adjourned sine die. The Edie delegates subsequently held a pub lic meeting, the Hon. John Covode presiding. An address is being prepared to the people of the State. The South Americans will bo gratified to find that the nominations of Fillmore and Don elson have been ratified by the Pennsylvania State council; but how much comfort it will give them to see that they at the same time condemn the Kansas-Nebraska act as <in out rage upon the people, we will not undertake to decide. Verily, the supporters of Mr. Fillmore are in strange company ; but there is one link that connects them with their northern breth i ran—hatred for the administration ; that i is enough to preserve the brotherhood and to insure harmonious co-operation.” But recently, we took occasion to call the attention of our readers to the fact that there was a movement on foot to induce the Black Republicans to either nominate Mr. Fillmore as their candidate for the Presidency, or to waive their nomination of a candidate and settle down into bis support, as the nominee of the “Ameri- I can Party,” as the” Secret Order " have been I pleased to term their”dark lantern” associations . This movement was headed by the Philadel ' phia leaders of the -American Party;’ and the result of the deliberations of the “Pennsylvania American State Convention." given to the reader above, is in accordance with their dicta tion. Well may the “Union" say that the “South American supporters of Mr. Fillmore are in strange company!" Here we see the ■Pennsylvania American State Convention" ratifying the nomination of Millard Fillmore, and at the same time, and in the same breath as it were, condemning the Kansas-Nebraska , act as <m outrage on the people,- yes, repudiat- 1 ing in a most emphatic manner, the great ' States Rights principle of non-intervention, ' and this too because, as no reasonable man , will pretend to deny, opposition, wholesale and ■ retail, to the institution of Southern Slave ! If the “times are not sadly out of joint” with the “Southern Americans,” there will be a stampede from their ranks between this and November next, that will astonish their leaders South of Mason and Dixon's line, or we much mistake the feelings and sentiments of the people. Respect and devotion to Millard Fillmore, on the part of a few: the calculation of availability on the part of others; will have but little influence in drawing to his support, the masses when they have presented to them the glaring fact that he is to receive the support of the ‘North Americans,’ because of his opposition to the constitutional rights of a State; in other words, because of his opposition to the Kansas Nebraska act, that opposition being led and pressed to the “ bitter end ”by the opponents of Slavery. But time will prove all things, and wc are conteat to abide coming events, while the shadow is hanging over them. In the interim, let every Southern man be wary and watchful! Presidents Message. Our Relations with Nicaragua. In answer to resolutions passed in both houses of Congress, the President sent to Congress, yesterday, a special message, accompanied by the correspondence in regard to our present relations with Nicaragua. The message is as follows : To the Senate and House of Representatives . I transmit, herewith, reports of the Secreta ry of State, the Secretary of the Navy, and the Attorney General, in reply to a resolution of the Senate of the 24th of March last, and also to a resolution of the House of Representatives of the Bth of May instant, both having refer ence to the routes of transit 1 etween the At lantic and Pacific oceans through th. republics of New Granada and Nicaragua, and to the condition of affairs in Central America. These documents relate to questions of the highest importance and interests to the people of the U, S. The narrow isthmus which connects the con tinents of North aud South America, has, by the facilities it affords for easy transit between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, rendered the countries of Cen.ral America an object of spe cial consideration to all maritime nations, which has been greatly augmented in modern times by the operation of changes in commercial re lations, especially those'produced.by the general use < f steam as a motive power by land and sea. To us, on account of its geographical position and of our political interests as an American State of primary magnitude, that isthmus is of peculiar importance, just as the isthmus of Suez is, for corresponding reasons,, to the maritime powers of Europe. But, above i all, the importance to the U. S. of securing; free transit across the American isthmus has rendered it of paramount interest to us since j the settlement of the Territories of Oregon and ; Washington, and the accession of California to the Union. Impelled by these considerations, the United i States took steps at an early day to assure I suitable means of commercial transit, by J canal, railway, or otherwise, across this isth mus. We concluded, in the first place a treaty of peace, amity, navigation, aud commerce with the republic of New Granada, among the con ditions of which was a stipulation, on the part of New Granada, guarantying to the United States the right es way or transit .across that part of the isthmus which lie tn the territory 1 of New Granada, in ccnsideration of which ‘ the U. States guarantied in respect of the same territory the rights of sovereigtny and property of New Gianada. The effect of this treaty was to afford to the people of the U. S. facilities for at once open ing a common road from Chagres to Panama, and for at length constructing a railway in the same direction, to connect regularly with steam ships, for the transportation of mails, specie, and passengers, to and fro, between the Atlan tic and Pacific States and Territories of the j U. S. The United States also endeavored, but un ' sucessfully,to obtain from the Mexican repub-j lie the session of the right of way at the north era extremity of the isthmus by Tehuantepec, I and that line of communication continues to b' ; an object of solicitude to the people of this re public. In the mean time, intervening between the republic of New Granda and the Mexican re public, lie the States of Guatemala. Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica, the sev ered members of the former republic of Cen tral American. Here, in the territory of the Central American States, is the narrowest part of the isthmus, and hither, of course, public attention has been directed as the most inviting field for enterprises of inter-oceanic communi cation between the opposite shores of Amer ica, and more especially to the territory of the States of Nicaragua and Honduras. Paramount to that of any European State ! as was the interest of the United States in the , security and freedom of projected lines of trav-' el across the isthmus by the way cf Nicaragua j and Honduras, still we did not yield in this re- 1 spcct to any suggestions . f territorial aggran- 1 dizement, or even of exclusive advantage, eith-1 er of communication or of commerce. Op- ■ portunities had not been wanting to the Unit- | ed States to procure such advantages by peace-' ful means, and with full aud free assent of those t who alone had any legitimate authority in the 1 matter. We disregarded those opportunities,' from considerations alike of domestic and for- i eign policy ; just as. even to the present day, ! we have persevered in a system of justice and j respect for the rights and interests of others as | well as our own, in regard to each and all of: the States of Central America. It was with surprise and regret, therefore, that the United States learned, a few days af ter the conclusion of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, by which the United States became, with the consent of the Mexican republic, the rightful owners of California, and thus invest ed with augmented special interest in the po-! litical condition of Central America, that a military expedition under the authority of the I British government had landed at San Juan del Norte, in the State of Nicaragua, and ta-l ken forcible possession of that port, the ueces- ; sary terminus of any canal or railway across ' the isthmus within the territories of" Nieara- I gua. It did not dimmish the unweleomness.to us of I this act on the part of Great Britain to find I that she assumed to justify it on the ground of i an alleged protectorship of a small and obscure baud of uncivilized Indians, whose proper name I even had become lost to history, who did not | constitute a State capable of territorial -over- ; eignty. either in fact or of right, and all politi- ■ cal interest in whom, and in the territory they | occupied. Great Britain had previously renounc- j ed by successive treaties with Spain when Spain . was sovereign of the country, and subsequently ! with independent Spanish America. and injuriously affected as the I United States conceived themselves to have* been by this act of the British government, and by its occupation about th • same time of insularand of continental portions of the ter ritory of the State of Honduras, we remember ed the many and powerful ties and mutual in interests by which Great Britain and the Unit ed States are associated, and we proceeded in earnest good faith, and with a sincere desire to do whatever might strengthen "the bonds of peace between us, to negotiate with Great Britain a convention to assure the perfect neu trality of all interoceanic communications across the isthmus, and, as the indispensable condition of such neutrality, the absolute independence of the States of Central America, and their i c.mplete sovereignty within the limits of their i own territory, as well against Great Britain as against the United States. We supposed we had accomplished that object by the convention of April 19,1850, which would never have been signed nor ratified on the part of the United States but for the conviction that, in virtue of its provisions, neither Great Britain nor the United States was thereafter to exer cise any territorial sovereignty, in fact or in name, in any part of Central America, how ever or whensoever acquired, either before or afterwards. The essential object of the con vention—the neutralization of the isthmus would, of course, become a nullity, if either Great Britain or the United States were to continue to hold exclusively islands or main land of the isthmus, and more especially if, under any claim of protectorship of Indians i cither government were to remain forever sov ’ erign in fact of the Atlantic shores of the ' three States of t’osta Rica. Nicaragua, and ; Honduras. I have already communicated to the two | houses of Congress full informalion of the protracted, and hitherto fruitless efforts, which the United States have made to arrange this international question with Great Britain. It is referred to on the present occasion only be cause of its intimate connexion with the special object now to be brought to the attention of ' (Congress. The unsettled political condition of some of the Spanish American republics has ever ceased to be regarded by this government with solici tude and regret on their own account, while it has been the source of continual embarrassment in our public and private relations with them. In th ’ midst of the violent revolutions and the wars by which they arc continually agitated, their authorities are unable to affoid due pro tection to foreigners and to oreign interests within their territory, or even to defend their own soil against individal aggressors, foreign or do mestic, the burden of the inconveniences and loss es of wbi.h, therefore,devolves, in no considera ble degree, upon die foreign States associated with them iu close relations of geographical vi cinity or of commercial intercourse. Such is, more emphatically, the situation of the United States with respect to the repub lics of Mexico and of Central America. Not withs.a ding, however, the relative remoteness of the European States from America, facts of the same order have not failed to appear con spicuously in their intercourse with Spanish- American republics. Great Britain has re peatedly been constrained to recur to measures of force for the protection of British interests in those countries. France found it necessary to attack the castle of San Juan de Ulua, and even to debark troops at Vera Cruz, in order to obtain redress of wrongs done to Frenchmen in Ma ico. What is memorable in this respect in the conduct and policy of the United States is. that while it would be as easy for us to annex and absorb new territories in America as it is for European States to do tins in Asia or Africa, and while, if done by us, it might be justified as l well, on the alleged ground of the advantage I which would accrue therefrom to the territories i aune a d and absorbed, yet we have abstained I from doing it, in obedience to considerations of right not Lss than of policy; and that, while the courageous and self-reliant spir it of our people prompts them to hardy enter prises. and they occasional.y yield to the tempt ation of taking part in the troubles of countries near at h nd where they know how potential their i: fluence, moral and material, must be, the American government has uniformly and stead ily resisted all attempts of individuals in the I uited States to undertake armed aggression I against friendly Spanish-American republics.— IV hi e t.e present incumbent of the execu tive office 1 as been iu discharge of its duties, he i lias never failed to exert all the authority in I him vested to repress such enterprises, because 1 they arc in violation of the law of the land, which the constitution requires him to execute faithfully ; because they are contrary to the policy of the government: and because to per mit them would be a departue from good faith towards those American republics in amity with us, which are entitled to, and will nevfir cease to enjoy, in their calamities the cordial sympathy, and in their prosperity the efficient good will, of the government and of the people of the United States. To say that our laws in this respect are some times violated, or successfully evaded, is only to say what is true of all laws in all countries, but not more so in the United States than in any one whatever of the count ies of Europe. Suf fice it to repeat that the laws of the United States, prohibiting all foreign military enlist ments or expeditions within our territory, have been executed with impartial good ffiith, and so fa us the nature of things permits, as well in repression of private persons as of the official agents of other governments, both of Europe and America. Among the Central American republics, to which modern events have imparted most prom inence, is that of Nicaragua, by reason of its particular position on the isthmus. Citizens of the United States have established in its Territory a regular interoceanic transit route, second only in utility and value to the one pre viously established in the territory of New Granada. The condition of Nicaragua would, it is believed, have been much more prosperous than it has been, but for the occupation of its only Atlan.ic port by a foreign power, and of the disturbing authority set up and sustained : by the same power in a portion of its territory, I by means of which its domestic sovereignty ! was impaired, its publie lands were withheld | from settlement, and it was deprived of all the ! maritime revenue which it would otherwise col- i lect on imported merchandise at San Juan del I Norte. | In these circumstances of the political debil . ity of the republic of Nicaragua, and when ' its inhabitants were exhausted by long-contin- I ued civil war between parties, neither of them strong enough to overcome the other, or perma- I nently maintain internal tranquillity, one of , the contending factions of the republic invited i the assistance and co-operation of a small body of the citizens of the United States from the State of Colifornia. whose presence us it ap pears, put an end at once 0 civil war, and re stored apparent order throughout the territory of Nicaragua, with a new administration, hav ing at its head a distinguished individual, by birth a citizen of the republic, D. Patricio Ri vas. as its provisional President. It is the established policy of the United States to recognize all governments without question of their source, or their organization, I or of the means by which the governing persons I attain their power, provided there be a gov ernment ile facto accepted by the people of the country, and with reserve only of time as to the recognition of revolutionary governments ari sing ont of the subdivision of parent States with which wc are in relations of amity. We do not go behind the fact of a foreign govern ment exercising actual power to investigate questions of legitimacy ; wc do dot inquire into the causes which may have led to a change of government. To us it is indifferent whether a successful revolution has been aided by foreign intervention or not; whether insurrection has overthrown existing government, and another has been established in its place according to pre-existing forms, or in a manner adopted for the occasion by those whom we may find in the actual possession of power. All these matters we leave to the people and public authorities of the particular country to determine; and their determination, whether it be by positive action or by ascertained acquiescence, is to us a sufficient warranty of the legitimacy of the new government. During the sixty-seven years which have elapsed since the establishment of the existing ing government of the United States, in all which time this Union has maintained undis turbed domestic tranquillity, we have had oc casion to recognise governments de facto, found ed either by domestic revolution or by military invasion from abroad, in many of the govern ments of Europe. It is the more imperatively necessary to ap ply this rule to the Spanish American republic, in consideration of the frequent and not sel dom anomalous changes of organization or ad ministration whicu they undergo, and the revo lutionary nature of most of these changes, of which the recent series of revolutions in the Mexican republic is an example, where five successive revolutionary governments have made their appearance in the course of a few months and been recognised successively each, as the political power of the country,' by the United States. When, therefore, some time since, a new minister from the republic of Nicaragau pre sented Irmself, hearing the commission ofPres ident Rivas, he must and would have been re ceived as such, unless he was found on inquiry subject to personal exception, but for the ab sence of satisfactory information upon the ques tion whether Pres .den Rivas was in fact the head of an established government of the repub lic of Nicaragua, doubt as to which arose not only from the circumstances of his avowed association with armed emigrants recently from the U. 8., but that the proposed minister him self was of that class of persons, and not other wise or previously a c'tizen of Nicaragua. Another minister from the republic of Nic aragua has now presented himself, and has been received as such, satisfactory evidence appearing that he represents the government de facto, and, so far as such exists, the govern ment de jure, of that republic. That reception, while in acordance with the established policy of the U. S., was like wise called for by the most imperative special exigences, which require that this government shall enter at once into diplomatic relations with that of Nicaragua. In the first place, a dilference has occurred between the government of President Rivas and the Nicaragua Transit Company, which involves the necessity of in quiry into rights of citizens of the U. S., who allege that they have been aggrieved by the acts of the former, and claim protection and redresss at the hands of their government. In the second place, the inter-oceanic communica tion by the way of Nicaragua is effectually interrupted, and the persons and property of unoffending private citizens of the U. 8. in that country require the attention of their govern ment. Neither of these objects can receive due consideration without resumption of di plomatic intercourse with the government of Nicaragua. Further than this, the documents communicated show that, while the interocean ic transit by the way of Nicaragua is cut off, disturbances at Panama have occurred to ob struct, temporrily at least, that by the way of New Granada, involving the sacrifice of the lives and property of citizens of the U. S. A special commissioner hss been despatched to Panama to investigate the facts of this occur, rence, with a view particularly to the redress o parties aggrieved. But measures of another class will be demanded for the future security of interoceanic communication by this as by the other routes of the isthmus. It would be difficult to suggest a single ob ject of interest, external or internal, more im portant to the U. S. than the maintenance of the communication, by land and sea, between the Atlantic and Pacific States and Territories of the Union. It is a material element of the national integrity and sovereignty. I have adopted such" precautionary meas ures, and have taken such action, for the pur pose of affording security to the several transit routes of Central America, and to the persons and property of citizens of the U. S. connected with or using the same, as are within my con stitutional power and as existing circumstances have seemed to demand. Should these meas ures prove inadequate to the object, that fact will be communicated to Congress, with such recommendations as the exigency of the case may indicate. FRANKLIN PIERCE. Washington, May 15,1856. - A Manly Letter. Mr. F. Bostick, a well known influential citizen of Yazoo, Mississippi, is out in along and spirited letter, declaring his withdrawal from the know nothing organization, and his determination to battle henceforward and for ever in the democratic cause. ‘’Prodigal like,’’ says he, “I will return to the noble old demo cracy!” Referring to the Philadelphia conclave, its platform and its nominees, Mr. Bostic deintod ly says: “ Their recent convention in February pre [ sents the South with a new faith. They tell I them, with the 12th section of the June plat j form they could carry only three slave States, I and without it they could earay the whole | North. : A new arrangement is made, and the re | nowned writer of the Erie letter—the arch-ene my of the South—is placed upon it in connex ion with Mr. Donelson ; the latter was heard, in a southern city of this Union a few days af ter, denouncing the Kansas-Nebraska bill. Sir, I think the South has no further compromises to make with the North on the slavery ques tion. ’ It does seem to me that every southern heart should be as a unit upon that subject at a time like the present, for I think we have a more formidable foe to fight than the foreigners and Catholics.” —— —■ Thx Oxyginated Bitters have received the strongest testimonials of any medicine in the world for the cure of Dyspepsia. Asthma and General Debility, and is worthy the confidence of all who seek a remedy for these complaints. For the Allanite Daily Examiner. ] ADVERTISEMENT.) Fahibcrn, Ga., May 17,185 C. Mr. Editor: A few words only in reply to Palmetto ” of your last issue. That article is entirely in character with the whole crusade against me, base in its inception, cowardly in its execution ; an ambuscade is truly their le gitimate style of warfare. The writer of that article has published a libel upon the town of Palmetto by signing the article as he did. He has libeled the council by stating that it was the council that required me to leave the Btate. He knows it is false; not more so how ever, than nearly every other statement he made. No wonder he declines signing his name to such a tissue of falsehoods. The public are prepared for all such efforts as his. He will find that his effort to set Fairburn and Palmetto at va riance, will signally fail. “The enlightened town of Fairburn ” as he calls it, treats such trash as his letter with the contempt it deserves; and would treat its author in the same way.— He seems to enjoy my insignificance with great complacency. He is welcome to all the satis | faction he can derive from that source, I never | sought notoriety. To be an independent free I man is all I desire, I will be that or nothing. He makes a perfect Buena Vista charge upon |my bravery. I hope it eased him, if it did not, | he got poorly paid for his trouble for I can as sure him it did not disturb my equanimity in the least. lam free to say, 1 never fight un less compelled to. As to his twenty witnesses ; he had better put them upon the stand if he expects any body to believe him. lam of the opinion that his twenty would dwindle down to one, and that one would be himself. No doubt there arc few things he would not swear to for a consideration, but even the mob that surrounded me would “ most respectfully de cline ” swearing to any such reckless and fool hardy statements as his letter contains. He was fool enough to think- that by signing his “bantling ” “ Palmetto ” he could make people believe that it contained the sentiments of the people ofPalmetto,when,infact, I havefriends even there. But 1 have already given too much attention to an article coming from an irrespon sible source. A word in regard to Mr. Talia ferro's communitation which appeared in the 1 <st “ Banner.” I at first thought 1 would pass it by in silence, as I have given the public my account of the affair and he has an undoubted right to give his, no matter how false it may be. But on reflection, I concluded to give it a passing notice. It carries its own death warrant upon its face. He says he had con cluded to “ treat my card with silent contempt,” Better a thousand times have done so for his own sake, than to have published such a suici dal communication as his. He says, “ I as sailed him it is true upon current report.” In that short sentence he reveals his first great er ror, A flying rumor induces him to take up the weapon of warfare, and he too claiming to be a Christian. Again he says, “ his denying it was no evidence in my mind ” thus closing ev ery avenue against me. He has let no opportunity slip to fish up casual remarks made by me, and distort them in every imaginable way. Not content with that, he has descended to the superlative mean ness of dragging my sister into the controversy. “Oh shame where is thy blush!” “He says she took an abolition paper. Horrible to tell what an awful crime, a lady coming from the North sees fit to take a northern paper for the purpose of obtaining the local news from her former home. But even in this I think hi., statement false. All the Northern papers I know of her having, were casually sent her by Northern friends. Strange too that Lord Charles should strive to secure her as a tcachc r again after a trial of one year, and when he failed in that should request mo to write North for anather teacher for him. How dangerous such teachers must be in his eyes. But again lam “ the friend of Seward.” That I never said, for I never spoke to Seward in my life It is useless, however, to attempt to follow up his rumors. His other statements of my say ings are equally false and distorted. But he “ had determined to cane the Esquire.” What a beautiful illustration of that Christian spirit which he professes to possess, whose “ weapons are not carnal but spiritual.” Let me tell him, no man ever shall “ cane the Es quire.” Again he says, “ there was no mob,” but afterward says “some wanted to prosecute, some cowhide, some one thing and some anoth er.” “ O consistency thou art a jewel This is all in keeping with his letter, one part con tradictory and condemning another, and the whole contradicted by his satelite who styles himself “ Palmetto.” For Heaven’s sake Lord Charles or rather for your own, fix up the doc uments so they will hang together better if you expect people to believe them. Your grwt-I and-littlc-everybody-else style won’t do, with all your money and influence. But the iinmacu late Charles understood I was in the grocery, my usual place of stay when in Palmetto.” Well I leave it to cye-witnessess to say which acted, most like a drunken man throughout the whole affair. Igoin a grocery when I please and generally come out sober. He harps upon my taking to my heels when I had two loaded bar rels left. If he wishes to know why he did not get the benefit of the two barrels I can tell him. they refused to fire. A man who examined the pisltol after I gave it up, said there was a piece of cap caught in the pistol which preven ted its revolving. I am truly glad nobody was killed. Mr. Taliaferro’s billingsgate epithets of “ infamous scamp,” “abolitionist,scoundrel, <tc,” are indeed gentlemanly, and will no doubt redound to his praise as a Christian and man. One word more and I am done. He says he proposed to pay my fine. That also is false. This is what he dul do-, before we were fined, in his bullying threatning manner he said, he was willing to pay my fine so that he could have a chance at me, or words to that effect, meaning if he could have a chance to “ wear me out with a stick ”as he expresses it. But after we were fined he never offered to pay my fine that I heard of. Now to test his sincerity on that point. If be will remit me twenty-five dollars the amount of fine I had to pay I will receipt him through the press. We can then see what his “ blow ” about the fine means. He is truly a modest man or he would not have harped such “ dulcet notes ” about his kindness to the poor. His whole letter shows him out in his true colors, a bigoted, conceded, meddlesome, purse-proud, would-be-greal, but really very small piece of humanity, whose good qualities are all buried in a dark cloud of an gry passions lashed into fury by his failure to disgrace me and whip me like a dog. I shall probably not reply to further communications. Respectfully, F. 8. FITCH. M. Brocehieri, the inventor of the celebrated antihemorrhagic water which bears }ia name, has just died in France. He had always refused to make known his secret, and had, in conse quence, allowed himself to be twice condemned for the circulation of unauthorised remedies.— He has just willed to his widow a fortune of a million of francs, and his secret to the Faculty of Medicine.'— Courier des Etats Unis'