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THE ATLANTA WEEKLY EXAMINER.
TX7 XX JEJAA-X-.'S? CIRCULATION! OF eO.UOO COPIEM’
JOHN H. STEELE, Editor.
VOLUME 11.
THE WEEKLY EXAMINER
Publhed every Thursday morning in the City
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tr , s: n x h “"«1. «“»,**"» In • l ”
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title them to attention.
TmJBSDAY, jULy . I^s6 '
Air Line Hailroad Convention.
The proceedings of this Convention will be
found in our paper to-day. We publish them
to the exclusion of editorial prepared for this
iwua. _
Mr. Bell’s Communication.
We publish the Communication of Mr. M.
A. Bell, upon the principle that a free press
should, on all proper occasions, when appealed
to, throw no obstacle in the way of a fair fight;
in othei words, for this time, at least, we cheer
fully yield a portion of our columns to Mr.
Bell, to order that he may be heard through
the press, on that all engrossing subject, the
“10 o’clock law."
In doing so, however, we must be permitted
to say, that w» are not only opposed to the law
itself, considering it, as we do, unnecessary, un
just, oppressive, and violative of private rights,
but one that can practically do no good, and is
reality, productive of evil. That it was the
cause of much hard feeling iu this community,
until it was repealed, every one knows, and the
attempt to revive it, we consider impolitic, ob
trusive, unw is., aud we trust that it will be
abandoned. We hope, therefore, that Mr-
Bell’s effort and the efforts of those who act,
with him, will fail will, the people of Atlanta
and that no one-sided petition which they may
get up, will induce our council to retrace their
eteps, and r»toi« the obnoxious law.
Millard Fillmore— "Honor to whom
Honor is Die."
The “American Press’’ irom Maine to Cal
ifornia, forgetful of the history of the “Com
promise Measures,’’are engaged in claiming for
Millard Fillmore all the honor flowing from
the passage of those measures, while he was
President of this great Republic. Never was
them a greeter mistake, and never was claim
so unfounded. As well might they claim for
the French at Waterloo, victory, as to claim
for Millard Fillmore the credit of having been
the chief, or even one of the chief instruments
in carrying those measures successful) through
Congress. “Honor to whom honor is due," is
our motto, and when the "Grompromise Meas
ures are spoken of, the people should never
forget that the immortal CLAY, and Cass.
Foote, of Mississippi, *bd other Senators and
‘distinguished members of Congress, were the
, ~ who achieved the passage of those meas
ure.*. and that Millard Fillmore only discharged
ms constitutionai duty by approving them after
their passage. And let the people of the
South remember, too, that, even at that day.
when the whole country was in a state of the
highlit e»it«Mat, art who oortfoww was
felt in the South at least, that Mr. Fillmore
would unhesitatingly app ove them all, there
was a halting on his part to do so, in reference
to one of them, and that one most deeply af
fecting the South. We allude to the bill pro
viding for the restoration of fugitive laws.—
With this fact staring the people of the South
in the face, and with the additional one that
by Henry Clay’s almost superhuman efforts
the Compromise Measures were passed, we
look upon the claim set up for MillnrdFillmore
as a cool piece of impudence, and a falsification
of history, which, to others, will appropriate
the honor arising therefrom.
Millard Fillmore, during the passage of
those measures sat in the White House calmly
contemplating the great strife that was going
on at the other end of the Capital. We do not
pretend to say that he felt no interest in the
termination of that strife. Every man in the
Union felt this, and there is no doubt that Mr.
Fillmore felt more than usual interest in the
struggle that was going on. Position, if noth
ing else was sufficient of itself to create in him
great anxiety; but when compared with HEN
RY CLAY, the great champion of those
measures, Mr. Fillmore was no where in the
contest, and even when called upon, as before
observed, hesitated In the performance of a
constitutional duty.
Recent events, too, demonstrate plainly why
Mr. Fillmore hesitat' d to sanction the “Fu
gitive Slave Law.” Since Lis nomination by
the “ American Party ” as a candidate for
President, he has made several speeches that
will "go far to undeceive the people of the
South, as to his soundness on the Slavery issue-
We require, however, more time and space
than we can spare to-day, to exhibit him in his
true colors to our readers, but we shall not fail
to do so, at an early period, and often during
the present canvass. For the present, suffice it
to say, that the claims set up by the supporters
of Mr. Fillmore, to distinction and honor, on
account of the passage of the “Compromise
Measures,” is without foundation and cannot
stand the test of scrutiny.
The Speaking on Wednesday Night.
The Democracy of Atlanta, on Wednesday
night last met at the City Hall, where they
were addressed by the Hon. B. C. Yancey, re
cently of Alabama, but now a citizen of Geor
gia, and Col. L. J. Gartrell, the democratic
candidate for Elector from this, the fourth
congressional district.
On this occasion, we were pleased to see a
number of the “ American Party ” in attend
ance, the demeanor of whom, while their candi
date for the Presidency, and one of their pop
ular speakers, the “Demosthenes of the Moun»
tains” were being severely, though justly, han
died, was highly creditable to them. Indeed
we have never attended a meeting of any
party in this place where greater decorum
prevailed. All in attendance appeared to im
bibe the spirit of the speakers, who studiously
refrained from' the indulgence of personal
invective, and addressed themselves throughout
♦ i the issue before the country, with two soli
tary exceptions; one, a reference in severe
terms to the with whic h Dr. Mill-
er’s speech, made about ten days ago, in the
same place, abounded ; and the other, a ’com
plimentary notice of another “American” who
spoke on the tame occasion, and who addressed
himself to the argument, and to the intelligence
of his audience. If, therefore, our “American’*
friends were a little “riled" at the castigation
of one of their leaders, they were certainly
more than gratified at the high estimate placed
by both the Speakers upon the effort of anoth
er of their speakers. We allude to
Mr. A. W. Mitchell, of this city. Our honest
belief though, is, that a majority of the “Amer
icaos” in attendance, approved, at heart, the
indignant denunciation of the once celebrated
but now rapidly becoming notorious “De
mosthenes of the Mountains.” A few such
speeches as he made here, when on his return
home from the Macon Convention, would do
more injury to his reputation as a speaker, than
all that the united democratic press and public
speakers could do, were they to follow him
from court ground to court ground during the
canvass, to expose his sophistry, and unfairness
in argument. But it is his taste to indulge in
invective and abuse—let him take care, how
ever, that he does not “ catch a tartar ’’ ere the
close of the campaign 1
It is not our intention to review the argument
addressed by both the speakers to their numer
ous auditory on.tjie occasion referred to. Time
and space inour columns, both prevent it. Be
sides we could not do justice to the speakers in
what would necessarily be, at the best, a hasty
sketch of their remarks. Both of them are
well known to th 1 ’ people of Georgia. The
first speaker, Col. Yancey .although but a short
time, a citizen of Georgia, is personally known
to thousands in our State; but were even this
not so, his reputation as an ardent and able
defender of Southern Rights bad long preceded
him from our sister, Alabama, into Georgia.
Most heartily do our people welcome him into
his State, and long may we r.c >givze in him,
a gallant and patriotic defender of those
principles so courteously and ably maintain
ed by him. before an Atlanta audience, on
Wednesday night.
Os Col. Gartrell’s effort we m : ght,and would
sav a great deal, were it necessaiy. His abili
tv as a debater is Known throughout Georgia
and with his zeal, eloquence, and the power of
his logic, triumphantly will he bear, as the
elector for this district, the banner of Buchanan
and Breckiiridge, trom one end < f it to the
other. His speech on Wednesday night, was
his first in the campaign. Confidently do we
press that his antagonists on the stump, will,
ere November next, wish that his first had been
bis last address to the mas es.
We cannot close this hasty sketch, without
expressing the great gratification with which
the speakers, and. we will add. our humble sell,
saw so many ladies in attendance at this meet
ing. It is cheering to see that they manifest
an interest in the proceedings, amt speaking
of both political parlies. And when we re
mark, also, to them, that their presence on all
such occasions in our city, exercises a powerful
influence for good, we trust that not one of them
hereafter will hesitate to attend when conveni
ent, and when not otherwise more profitably
employed.
THE CHEAPEST POLITICAL AND NEWSPAPER IN THE SOUTH—A WEEKLY FIRESIDE COMPANION FOR ONLY ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. IN ADVANCE.
ATL ANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING. JULY 24. 1856.
For the Bxaminer.
COMMUNICATED.
The 10 O’clock Law.
Mb. Editor : In the Intelligencer of to day,
I notice an effort displayed in an editoral to
convince the citizens of Atlanta that the closing
of grogshops after the hour of 10 o’clock, P.
M., by thefoity council, would be the worst of
tyranny.
It is contended that “ it is no part of the
law to protect a man against himself.” This
“ dehors the record ” we urge against these
evils in our petition. We are not fighting
alone, for individuals, as such. Law, in its
general intendments, not only regards the good
of individuals, but the well-being of society.—
In its restraints against evils which mar the
harmony of the social compact, it is certainly
concerned in the good of the individuals on
whom it operates, in so far as the removal of
these evils may beneficially affect community in
which they in common with their fellows, have
a personal interest. No man can personally
enjoy the fruits of an evil which incurs the gen
eral displeasure of his fellow beings. Man is a
social being, and the disorder which he engen
ders and inflicts upon society, is reflected upon
him in the common antagonisms which afll ct
the whole body politic ; hence, if any member
thereof is engaged in a business obnoxious to
the common weal, he cannot justly complain of
any restriction which the law may impose upon
his destructive warfare against himself and the
public.
The idea that the selling of liquor, playing
at Billiards and Ten Pins, after the hour of 10
o’clock, P. M., in a community like ours, are
tndividu il matters concerning only those en
gaged in the business, evinces a “weakness"
in the Editor of the Intelligencer not very
flattering to his judgment—if seriously ex
pressed. Men sometimes talk just to blow off
a little to please the populace, and this novel
idea seems to me to smack smartly of that sort
of slang".
The history of the past, iu thunder tones,
speaks out against the intolerable evil of grog
shops ; and when idleness, dissipation, riots,
bloodsheds, and murders, are the constant off
springs of these sinks of iniquity, why will men
of position lend to them their influence? And
who does not know that it is for the peace and
good order of Atlanta, for them to be closed at
10 o’clock, at night? Then, why not close
them ? The Supreme Court has decided it to
be perfectly legal.
Why then shrink from the duty we owe to
ourselves, to society, to the peace and prasperi
ty of Atlanta, at home, and her respectability
abroad ? Why ? Echo answers, Why ? It is
said they make so much money after that hour
—and oh 1 they have taken out a license 1 In
deed! Better refund the license fee, than- have
the vortex of Ruin opened alter that hour, to
engender and ruin the susceptible youths of the
country.
The Editor analogizes the law to the killing
off of noxious members of society. • Whenever
a member of a community becomes as danger
ous lo it as gropshops—killing of men, and
breaki“g the hearts of innocent women,,and al
most starving helpless children, why certainly
the law will hang him: and it ought to put
him iu 'the penitentiary for life 1
“ Absolutism ” indeed I He seems to think
that “American Republicans” will “jcom”
such a police regulation as the 10 o’clock law.
1 pity the man who has the heart to scorn
what the highest authority has pronounced le
gal, and what all reflecting minds know is
emin :ntly praiseworthy on account of the vast
good it will inevitably effect 1
He further seems to think that none are dis
turbed except those “persons ” who lodge im
mediately adjoining or above the ten pin allej.
How many persons are in this situation he failed
to State—supposing that not to be a matter oi
public concern, in a city where houses are nec
essarily contiguous to each other. I suppose
from the tenor of the argument that three or
four neighbors would have no right to petition
for a little slumber —inasmuch as individuals
have a right to thunder in their ears all night
if they see proper to do so. So fa" as I am
concerned, 1 can’t stand so much thunder, and
so soon as I can secure me a suitable office, 1
shall get out of the reach of the lightning aud
thunder which form the ignis fatuus deluding
so many generous souls, and eating out their
substance 1 11 is not, therefore, for myself alone
I oppose these evils. I have opposed them
before, and intend to do so “ for during the
war.” £'or this stand I expect to be abused
by many, but as I seek no political favors, I
am independent of the popular voice, and am
willing to be accused of “ weakness ” by the
wise Ed.tor of the Intelligencer, along with
such men as Judge Warner, and nearly 500 of
the most respectable citizens of this place who
have signed our petition for a restoration of the
10 o’clock law.
“01 Branday, brandy, bane of life.
Spring of tumult, source of strife,
Gould I but half thy curses tell,
The wise would wish thee safe at hell.”
With the Kindest feeling toward all mankind,
I hope I do not war against the real interest ol
any. Let all who feel interested in this subject
in u spirit of charity and good will, stand firm
aud immovable, for the 10 o’clock law, until we
c.i n get strength aud moral courage enough iu
our midst to exterminate the evil of groghops,
day and night, forever I
MARCUS A. BELL.
Atlanta, July 17,1856.
For the Examiner.
Maj. Stkf.le -.—Dear Sir
.In your paper of yesterday I find a commu
nication signed by MARCUS A. BELL, in
which that gentleman attempts to convince the
public that the obnoxious ordinance which has
recently been mitigat- d, not removed from the
police regulations of this city, known as the 10
o’clock law, is not only good in itself, but
should be re-enacted in ciwequence of the sal
utary effi:cl it must have, ultimately, upon the
young men of our city—and society at large.—
In the strict acceptation of the term, I am a
Temperance man, and would gladly see the evil
of intemperance removed, for ever, from our
much favored land. In regard to the proper
course to be pursued to bring about such a de
serderatum there is diversity of opinion and il
seems to me that your correspondent has adop
ted what I conceive to be the popular error, in
asmueh as he would attempt, by law, to regu
late men's apetites, a matter as difficult, in
theory and practice as it to regulate the
wiuu. To the thinking men, who really feel an
interest iu the Temperance cause and the wel
fare of our rap.dly growing city, we would put
a few questions : Was there not as much
druukeness and immortality in this city, after
iheominons Lour of 10. while the law remained
in fence, as there ever was '!
By passing this law, did they reform one
single drunkard, or one dram less to be
druuk ? Has not blood been spilled upon our
streets after 12 o'clock .(while the 10 o’clock
law existed) through the effects of liquor ?
Do they not really think that the evils of in
temperance aud immorality, aought to be re
moved by the passage of that law, have been
augmented rather than diminishe.l ? Is it not
equally as immoral to evade a law as openly to
violate it ? We think so, and does not the
people know that the law has been and will
ciutinueto be act at naught and treated with
seoru and contempt, as an arbitrary usurpation
of the people’s righto, as long as it rcauuss upon
tta book!
Experience has proved that all laws that
have for their object the abrigement of what
the pyph are prone to consider their natured
and imerent rights, are notoriously inoperative.
AU the checks and guards placed by law on
men’s appetites, are only so many inducements
for them to trample under foot, what
they consider arbitrary and unjust en
actments ; and, from the facility with
vzhicb such laws are evaded it is apt to beget
a contempt for all laws. Therefore I. consider
all prohibitory laws as highly immoral in their
tendencies, and as subversive of that rcveranc
and wholts >rae respect without which the best
interests of a community "are geopardized and
the best laws rendered nugatory.
It really seems to me that it is’ the purpose
of some of our good citizens, through a misdi
rect ;d zeal for the cause of temperance, to thrust
down tne throats of the manly and independent
citizens of our city some laws which would have
done honor to our puritan fathers. Such en
actment! may do for the North and for Nor
thern men, but the warm hearted Georgian
feels that doses direct imputitions from Maine,
although the rough edge is taken off in order
that we may not recognize the bitterness of the
pill, and which will in a short time be dosed out
to os unadulterated aud unalloyed, we having
learned to smaller it by the repeated small do
ses, as the stomach may be learned to endure
the most virulent poisons by continual use of
small quantities, will never do for him.
I trust that the law may either be entirely
repealed, or, in justice to those who have paid
the legal license, let it remain where it is.
Respectfully, &c., M.
Atlanta, June 19,1856.
Georgia All-Line Ralliuad Convention.
Madison Spings. Geo, |
Tuesday, July 8 1856 j
Pursuant to previous notice, the Georgia
Air Line Railroad Convention assemble! at
this place to day. at IL o’clock. A. M., when
On motion of Robert White, of the County
of Jacksvii, Col. Gabriel Nash of the County
of Madison, was called to the Chair, for the
purpose of organizing the Convention, and
James S. Gholstvn, of the county of Madison
requested to act as Secretary.
On motion of Col. Thomos Morris, of the
county of Franklin, the Secretary then procee
d-d to a call of the counties intiested in the
constructiod of the Air Lne Railroad, when
the following delegates answered and took their
seats to wit:
[We omit the list of delegates from the sev
eral counties represented, to wit: —Fulton,
Gwinett, Jackson, Clarke, Franklin, Madison,
Hart and Elbert.]
On motion of Col. James Polk, of Jackson,
a committee of five was appointed by thi
Chair, to wait upon the delegation from An
derson. C. H., 8. C., and invite them to seats
in the Convention ; which Committee consisted
of Col. James Polk, of Jackson, Capt. John
Scott of Madison, Col Thos. Morris’ of Frank
lin ; Col Wm R Poole, of Hart; W. G. Delon
ey, Esq of Clarke.
After a short absence, the committee repor
ted through Col Polk, their Chairman, that
they had discharged the duty assigned them,
and Presented J P Read, S G Earle, and A
M Holland, E'-qrs., as delegates from Ander
son C IL. S C., who enrolled their names and
took their seats.
On m< lion of Col. Poole, of Hart, Co'
Thomas W Thomas, Capt James Daniel, an
Ira Christiau, S D Blackwell, L H O Martin,
U O Tate, and Thomas J Boman, Esqrs, ol
the county of Elbert, were invited to partici
ate in the deliberations of this Convention.
On motion of R H Bulloch Esq., of Madi
son, Peyton H C-lbert, of the county of Hab
ersham, was a'sn invited to a seat in this body.
On motion of Robert White, Esq . of Jack
son, the Chair appointed a committee of two
from each county represented, to select perma
nent officers for the government of the Con
vention, which committee consisted of Robert
White aud Robert Moon, of Jacason ; James
M Calhoun, and J Norcross, of Fulton ; Wm
G Daloney, and Gen Wm Gerdine, of Clarke;
R 11 Bulloch and W H Griffith, of Madison ;
Col Thos Morris and Temple F Cooper, of
Franklin; W R Poole and P E Davant, of
Hart; J P Reed and S G Earle, if Anderson
8 C which committee reported as follows, to
wit:
For President, —Col JAS. M. CAL
HOUN, of Fulton.
Vice-Presidents —Gen William Gerdine.
of Clarke; John J J Shepperd, of Hart; R
J Parks,of Jackson ;LE Bleckley of Fulton
John Scott, of Madison; Jno W Pruitt, of
Franklin ; A M Holland, of Anderson S C
For Secretaries.—James S Gbolstou, of
Madison, and John M Freeman of Franklin.
Which report was unanimously adopted.
On motion of Col Thomas Morris, of Frank
lin, the chair appointed a committee of three
to wait upon the President elect, and inform
him of bis appointment, and ask his acceptance
of the same; which committee consisted of
Col Thomas Morris, of Franklin ; Col R J
Millican, of Jackson; James M Daniel, Esq-,
of Madison.
The cammittee reported, through Col Mor
ris. their Chairman, that they had discharged
the duty assigned them, and iutioduced to the
Convention, Col James M Calhoun, the Pres
ident elect, who tendered his acknowledgeui :nls
tor the honor conferred, and spoke at some
length upon the enterprise of the Air Line
Rail R> ad, and took his teat.
Ou motion of Col Millican, of Jackson be
President appointed a committee of two from
each county represented, to p epare business
for the action of the Convention ; when the
following committee was appointed to wit:
R J Millican and Robert White, of Jack
son; L E Bleckley aud Jonathan Norcross, of
Fulton ; W G Deloney and John H Newton,
of Clark ; Gabriel Nash, and R H Bulloch, of
Madison .Thomas Morris and Calvin S Weld, j
of Franklin ; Wm R Poole and John G Jus
tice, of Hart; Thomas W Thomas aud James
D miei, of Elbert; P H Colbert, us Habersham
Henry Earl, of audersou, S C.
The Convention then took a recess until 3
o'clock this afternoon.
Tuesday Evening, 3 o’clock.
The Convention met pursuant to adjourn
ment.
The Convention was addressed by Col. Thos
W Thomas, of Elbert, Jacob P. Reed, of
Audersou, and Jonathan Nocross of Atlanta,
in spirited speeches, urging the necessity of
building the proposed Air L'ne Railroad,
aud the benefits likely to result therefrom.
The Committee appointed to prepare matter
for the action of this Convention, then report
ed foe follow lug preamble aud rewolulious
through Col. Gabriel Nash their Cairmau, to
wit :
EKFORT.
In submitting to tne people of Georgia,
South Carol.na aud North Caruana, the claims
of the Air Line Rail Road upon their atteutiuu ■
aud toetaring care, we deem it aeceseary to make
bat a brief statement of facts in relation tai
the enterprise; teeiing confident that the sub- 1
ject has already received considerable investi
gation, at the hands of moA persons having I
a direct interest.
It is well known that the whole enterprise
embraces a continuous line of Rail Road by
the shortest practicable route, having a due
regard to every circumstance proper to be con
sidered to dserwiiing the pracvi tocMtoe fees
Atlanta, Georgia, byway of Anderson C. H..
S. C., to Charlotte, N. C., and it is equally
well known that a primary objec; in the con
traction of such a Road, is to make it a part
of a great line of communication between the
cities of New York and New Orleans. The
distance trom Atlanta to Charlotte, is about
248 miles, of which about 100 miles will ba
in Georgia, 100 miles iu South Carolina, and
43 miles in North Carolina No charter has
yet been obtained from either of the Carolinas,
but there can be no doubt of both these States
granting them, at the next Session of their re
spective Legislatures.
Georgia has already granted a charter, cov
ering that portion of the line lying within her
borders, aud the corporators have gone actively
to work under the same. Books of subscrip
tion for the capital stack will be open on and
after this day at various places, and the hope
is confidently entertained that in a short time,
a sufficient amount of stock will be taken to
enable the company to organize. Considered
as a great “Through Route,” the importance of
building this Road is fully demonstrated by the
single fact that the Air Line road will form a
part of a line between New York and New
Orleans, more than two hundred miles shorter
than any line uow in operation, and from fifty
to one hundred miles snorter than any other
which has ever been proposed.
When it is remembered that the great bulk
of inland travel and freight will always cer
tainly take the shorust rcutc, and that this
business between the two ci'ies mentioned, is
already immense and constantly increasing, no
person even glancing at the subject can fail to
see the Uree expectations which the Stock
holders aud all others interested in this enter
prise will have a right to entertain.
But the Road is also of great local import
ance, aud will lie sure to realize a handsome
business irom the country through which it is
intended to pass. Much of that country, even
in its present isolated condition provides a
considerable surplus for transportation to mar
ket, and let its full capacity for production be
developed by a cheap and convenient means of
transportation, and there is no question that
that surplus will be rapidly and greatjy au„-
meuted. *
But your committee forbear to allude in this
place, to further facts, and recommend to the
Convention the following resolutions for tie r
ad< iption.
Resolved, 1. That the contemplated Air
Line Rad Road, throughout its whole extern.
Irom Atlanta to Übarlotte, is important lo .he
Union, as it involves the question ot the most
direct, cheap and expeditious route, from New
York toN. O. That it is very impor out to
ihe States of North Carolina, South t'urulinu
and Georgia, as it is the only roate that can
secure to them peim inently the passage of the
great through business from North to South
and vice versa, ver any considerable portion
of their territory. And that it is especially
important to the people living on and near the
line, aa it will secure to them all the benefits,
direct and indirect, which Bail Roads can con
fer.
Resolved, 2, That the “Georgia Air Line R.
Road,” as incorporated, has our warmest sym
pathy, and we earnestly desii ■> to see it eomple
ted as early as possible. We would especially
urge upon all who can afford to so, to take
stuck in the same, and lend a helping hand in
the work.
Resolved, 3, That the President of this Con
vention appuiut two suitable gentlemen to can -
vas the several counties through which the
Road will pass, and the adjacent counties, and
solicit subscription of Sluck. That he also
appuiut, previous to the first day of Septemb r
next, a committee of three, in each of the
States of Nor,th Carolina and South Carolina,
to appear for this Convention, at Raleigh .and
Columbia, during the next session of the Leg
islature, and solicit charters for the unincorpor
ated portions of the “Air Line Rail Road.”—
And that he appoint another committee oi
three to prepare and publish an address on
the subject of said Road. Which report
was iunanimouly adopted by the Conven
tion.
. Whereupon the President appointed as a
committee to prepare aud publish an addn ss
on the subject of the Air Line Rail Road, the
following gentlemen, to-wit:
L. E. Bleckley, of Atlanta ; J. P. Reed, of
Anderson, S. C ; Gabriel Nash, of Madison
county.
On motion of General Burns, of Jackson,
Col. Thomas W. Thomas, of the county ol El
bert was added to the Commit ee.
Ou motion of Gen’l, Burns, the proceedings
of the meeting were ordered to be furnished to
the Atl ens, Atlanta and- Anderson papers for
publication.
On motion the Convention then adjourned
sine die.
J. M. CALHOUN, Prei’t.
James S. Gholston, j „ .
T t, r secretaries.
John M. Freeman, f
TO THE PUBLIC.
It being understood bv the Convention that
its action was only advisory, and that the cor
porators named iu the Charter of the Road,
could act more authoritatively than this Con
vention, several points upon which action could
have been had, was left tor them to supply,
and I feel bound to say to the public, that a
meeting of the corporators will undoubtedly
shortly be held in Atlanta, at which time ac
tion will be had on several points of great in
terest to the friends of this enterprise. Such
action will be published . s soou as had.
J M. CALHOUN.
From the Mississippian and Staes Gazette.
FIL.LJIOKE’B RECORD ’
Tho Record of MiUurd Fillrnore, the Knots Nothing
Candidalefor the Presidency.
We will dow sum up briefly the record.
The Journals of Congress show that Mt.
Fillmore supparted by his votes petitions—
-Ist. To declare slaves free, who bad gone to
sea with the consent of their musters, aud to
protect them in their freedom.
2d. To repeal all laws and constitutional
provisions by which the Federal Goverumeut
is bound to protec' the iustitution of slav.ry.
3d Agfoust the admission of any new State
into the Union whose Constitution at all tol
erates slavery.
4th. Against the annex ition of Texas solely
on the grouud that slavery existed in that coim
try.
sth To abol sb slavery in the District oi
Columbia, though the whole peop e of the
District cherished the instilutiou, aud neve,
petitioned tor its abolitiou.
6th Io prohibit the buying and selling
of slaves m the District aud other Territorie
of ihe Union.
7th He supported by his vote petitions to
Congress to repeal the act us 'he Territory ol
Florida, to prevent migration of tree negroes t j
the Te.Titoiy.
Bth He voted in favor of petitions to nat
uralize and make American c tizeus of neg rue.
from every quarter of the earth 1
9th Hi. voted ,n favor ot petitions to receive
negro ambassadors from the b.ack Republic ui
Hayti.
Such was the course of Millard Fillmozi:
in Congress.
THE ZBI3 ANTI SLAVEP.Y LBTAr.
la perfect coiutotency with
Congressional record, is the celebrated anti
slavery letter addressed in 1838 to the Erie
Abolition Society.
The pith of this letter is contained in the
first portions of it, aud because the balance
has not been usually published, thepartizuns of
Mr. Fillmore have charged that it was "gar
bled.” Tuat no such charge may now be made,
the entire document is here inserted, as copied
from the Washington Repub ic ot September.
1851, the confidential organ of Mr. Fillmore
during his entire l’r< sidential 'erm :
Buepalo, Get. 17. 1838.
Sir—Your communication of the 15th inst.,
as chairman of a committee appointed by “the
anti-slavery Society of the county of Erie,”
has just come to hand. You solicit my an
swer to the following interrogatories :
“Fret. Do you believe that prtitions to
Congress, on the subject of slavery and the
slave trade, ought to be reeeivid, read, and
respectfully considered by the representatives
of the people ?
Second. Are you opposed to the annexation
of Texas tothe Union, under any circumstances
so long as slaves are held therein ?
Third, Are you iu favor of Congress exer
cising all the Constitutional power it possesses
to abolish the internal slave trade between the
States ?
Fourth, Are yon in favor of immediate leg
islation for the abolition of slavery in the Dis
trict of Columbia ?
I am much engaged, and have no time to
enter into an argument, or to explain, at fu 1
length, my reasons for my opinions. 1 shau
therefore consent myself, for the present, by
answeri g all y»ur interrogatories in the af
firmative, and suv e for sow fu ure occ isiun a
more extended discussion of the subject 1
would, however, take tins occasion to suy tha'
in thus frankly giv ng ray opinion, 1 would
not desire to have it uuderstuod in the nature
of a pledge.
At the same time that 1 seek ho disguise, but
freely give my s<ntimeuts ui> any subj ct of in
lerest to those for whose suffrag s 1 am u cun
iidate, 1 am opposed to giving any pledge.-
that snail deprive me hereafter ol uli disere
tiouary power. My owu character must be'
the guarantee fur the general correctness of my
kgislative deportment. On every important
subject, 1 am bound to deliberate before I act,
ami especially as a legislator, to possess m sell
us all the information, aud to listen to every
argument that can be ad lucid by my associates
before 1 give a final vole. Il l staml pledged
to a particular course of action, I cease to b.
u responsible agent, but 1 become a mere ma
chine. Should subsequent events show, be
yond all doubt, that the course I had been
pledget! to pursue was ruinous to my coustnu
ents, aud disgraceful to myself, 1 have no alter
native, no opportunity tor repeutauce, and
there is no power to absolve me from my ob
ligation. Hence the impropriety, not to say
nbsu di'y, in my view, of giving a pledge.
1 am aware that you have not usked my
pledge and 1 believe 1 know your sound judg
ment and good sense 100 welt, to think yuu de
s reauy such thing It was, however, to' pre
vent any misrepresentaticu on the part of oth
ers, that 1 have felt it my duty to say this
much on the su ject.
I am respectfully, your most ob’t. s“rv’t.,
MILLARD FILLMORE.
Wm. Mills, Esq . Cn’i m u.
It is not pretended b, the warmest advocates
advocates of the Know Nothing candidate for
the Presidency, that his opinions, us expressed
in til's letter, act] acted upon in Congress, un
derwent any modification down to the day oi
his nomination fur he Vice Presidency ii>
1848.
OPPOSITION TO TEXAS ANNEXATION.
In 1844, he was au ardent oppuser to Tex-s
annexation. .
At a mass meetflig in the State of N. York,
in 1844, Mr Fi.lmore matte u speech frem a
booth reared under a banner on which ware
painted, in ridic ue, Geu Jackson ami James
K. Polk, the latter mounted by a negro .' who
curried a small flag bearing the name of Tex
as.
his course in 1847.
In 1847 he heu'kd the ticket of his party so
New York, the basis of whose organization
consisted of the following resolution :
Resolved, That while the Whig freemen of
New Yoik represented iu this convention will
laithfully adhere to all the compromises of the
Couslitutiou, and jealously maintain all the
reserved rights of the States, they declare—
since the crisis has arrived wheu the quest ion
must be met—their uncompromising hostility
to the extemion of slavery into any Territory
now free which may lie hereafter acquired
by any action of the Government of our
Union.
A Fillmore paper, speaking afterwards o!
this resolution and the result, said :
‘ On the strength mainly us that resolve—of
its rejection by the D mocrany uml iu heart)
adoption by the Whigs—the State went Whig
in the election that followed by some thirti
thousand majority. MILLARD FILLMORE
headed the Whig ticket.”
The address issued in support of the resolu
tion of slave extension—sayiug that :
“The flag of our victorious legions is to be
desecrated from its holy character of liberty,
and emancipation into an errand of bondage
and slavery."
-We protest in the name of the lights of
man aud of liberty, aguinst the further exten
sion of slavery in North America.”
During the canvass of 1847, ut Rochester,
in the State of New York, Mr. Fillmore made
a speech iu Minerva Hall against “theaggres
sions of the si ve power." she greater part ol
tue speech wus upuu the encroachments us
slavery; upou the mon l poly which the southern
oligarchy, a nest of 25,001) slaveholders, had
enjoyed in all the offices of trust in the Union;
how many Presidents from the South, how few
from the North, lie commiuti-d on the same
disproportion of judges, loreign uiinisien)
speakers of the House, members of the cabi
luet. Ac., with ungracious flings at wha: he ul
aged to be southern arrogance and ujus ice.
HIS I.EFUZAL TO QUALIFY OK EXPLAIN SATISFAC-
TOR LY.
The Erie letter and the record of Mr. Fill
more were paraded against him throughout the
country in 1848 when be was the YVhig can
didate for the Vice Presidency, and not until
iheu did he in the least endeavor to qualify or |
explain his ultra Abolitiou doctr nes. Iu u
etter to Gayle, of Alabama, be only q ialifi d
nis stiong opinions with tegard to the luieruai
aluve trade by referring lo the ca-e of Prigg
igaiust Pennsylvania, in which ti e supreme
Court had held against him. But he relused
io exp ai' or quanly his opinio’s with respect
to the abolition us slavery iu the District ui
Columbia —Abolition petition—exclusion us
slavery from the territories, &c.
Mr Fd mice’s career has been traced d iwu
to the veir 1848. His wannest admin tu in
iUe south, have never beeu able to find a Vote
east or a wutd uttered by him previous to tha
dare, which laureates any other than the most
inveterate haired of tbeSoatli aud her institu
tions. Iu Congress aud oat ut Cougres, as
we have shown, he was a faithful ally aud
help ma e of John Q. Adams, Slade, Gidding-.
Seward, aud other noted abolition agiiatora.
lu 1848, be was elected Vice Piea.dent, aud I
by tue death of Gen. Taylor he became Preai- j
d'nt. aud this brings us to
HIS presidential record. )
The Fugitive slave Bill.—This was the I
otay meMuxe oi the wud known acto of kbdo, j
which was claimed to be for the benefit of the
Southern States. It was a irn-re Constitution
al measure, to which they were entitled irre
spective of any other law, bu’ his partizuns
contend Hint he is entitled to much credit for
signing it.
WHY HE SIONKD THE FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW.
Wk will let him explain for himself, ami then
the reader can decide whether he is entitled to
credit for the uct.
We will quote from a' sneech delivered by
him in Louisville, Ky.. on his Southern tour, in
1854. The Louisville Journal is our auth >rity.
1 le said:
“ The f. gitive slave law had some provisions
in it, to which I [Fillmore] hud some objec
tions. 1 REGRETTED THE NKCRBSISY OF ITS BE
ING passed at all. When the bill came to
me from the two Houses, I examined it in the
midst of hurry, confusion and difficulties, and u
doubt came up in my mind whether it was not
UNCONSTITUTIONAL AS DENYING THE RIGHT OF
HABEAS CORPUS TO THE FUGITIVE SLA VC, which
doubt 1 submitted to the Attorney General,
(J/r. Crittenden,) and on being assurkd by
him that the law was not violation of the Con
stitu ion, 1 therefore gave my sanction lo the
bill.”
Hence, according to Mr. Fillmore’s own
candid declaration bi fore an audience of his
own southern friends, he doubted the constitu
tionality of the measure—he was opposed to it
cid not provide a jury trial (as propose! hy
Giddings & Co.) to the absconding slave—amt
only signed it whin assured by Mr. Crittenden
that “ :t was not a violation of the C>u titu
tion.” John J. Crittenden, then, aud not Mil
lard Fillmore, is entitled to the credit of the
•is* nt of the Exe utive for signing the fugitive
slave law.
TK TIMONV OF ANDREW J. DONELSON.
To prut, what we h re assert, we will intro
duce as a witness Mr. Fillmore’s .ssociate uu
the Know Nothing ticket—no less a peisuuage
than Andrew J. Donelson I
In 1851, Dune.s >n, through the columns o;
the Wushiugton (Inion, said:
“ As to the uss< r ion that the administration
(of Fillmore) is entitled to the credit of son d -
nig up to the measures of the compromise l.
good faith. IT IS TOO KIDICULOUS TO REQUIRE A
DENIAL, AND TOO PKEPOBTKKOUS TO 01-MA l>
refutation. Evuy rec white citizen, w o is
an lufunt, idiot or luu tiic or woeluhy forgetlm
ki ows tuat it is utterly and khtikkly without
fooudation. All the measures us we couipr
promise, except the f.igitiv.- slave law. were
jell-enacting. Asiothatl.w Mr. Fillmore
WilS UNWILLING *0 PEKMiT it lo BECOME A LAW
before he consulted Mr. Uritientfen on Hie
sn yect—a lact which the Republic (hisorguu)
mentioned at the tune in order to justify M
Fillmore before bis northern higher law mends
for uot ret nr ni un the bill with his objections.''
JUDGE CONKLINS TESTIMONY.
Judge Conklin, of New York a friend nf
Millard Fillmore and his Minister to Mexico, in
a late sjieech made the following apology for
him for signing the fugitive slave law:
“ Ol tins ge th man 1 have to say a few
woids, that are due alike to him and myself.-
Ihe friendly relations t hat have long subsisted
between us; the high opinion that I entertain
of his patriotism, integrity and talents; the
confidence he saw fit to repose in me, and the
great personal kiudu ss 1 receded ut his hands
while he tilled the ITesideuiiui office, all con
spire to lender it painful to me to withhold my
support from him ; and had he been brought
forward under other auspices, us 1 cherished a
vague hope he might b»>, it would have afforded
me a corresponding degree of satisfaction to
y eld him that support.
I am aware of the persistent, and I doubi
ut, tu some extent, successful industry with
> meh for years he has been exhibited by those
wiiu hud formed a different estimate ufhisehur
aeter. in an attiiude that, if I had believed it
io tie juai. would have rendered it inconsistent
in m<, holding the’principles I do relative io
slavery, lo fuvor his elevation to the Presiden
ey under any circumstanc s. But iu imputing
to h:m a WII liign.’-ss tu extend and fortily slao
I’y, I AM PERSUADED HIS ASSAILANTS HAVE DONI.
HIM INJCSrICE.
1 believe, on the contrary, that he still
holds slavery iu the abstract, as he is known
formerly to have done, iu as great abhor
rence as they do. The evid' nee constantly
cited to justify this charge is the fact of his
huv.ug affixeu his s.guaiure to th. fugitive
stave bill. The ultcruutive was to inUrpu.se
his veto. Buv no one Uau urL lit except him
to do this, tor he had no right I ini«lf to du it.
Either from doubt about us cons, .lutionulity,
or from deference to the opinion of I hose who
qusstionud it, he did adopt the usual pre
caution ol submitting the bill to the examina
tion of the Attorney General and asking his
opinion of its constitutionality. To have vn
oed it under the very exi raordinury circum
stances of the cise, would have been, t say
the least, a palpable violation of the Gonsti
.utio'. No enlighten-d man who understands
the subject can doubt this, and no such man
can have been sincere in casting eensure upon
Mr Fillmore for adopting the opposite alter
native.’’
testimony of another friend.
The New Albany Tribune, the leading
Fillmore org .n iu Indiana, says.
Mr. Fillmore gave his official sanction to
the lugitive slave bill, because we (the Free
suilers.) could not have gut other laws on
which our hearts were set, that we have got
had uot that law been passed also, and because
in doing bo he was but carrying out one of thi
great tirinciples of the* party winch elected
him— h H the personal opinions ui the Exe
cutive ou mere questions of policy, ougut nev
er to be brought into conflict with the will ul
the people's representatives, by au a. biliary
exeicise of the veto power.”
The Washington National Intelligen
cer, of Friday, says:
•• i litre was au indication in the Senate yes
terday of some importance to persous who uiv
fortunate enough to have iavurauie deci ioil
by the Court of Claims. Several leading uicm
bers of he Senate dec.ared their concurreixx
in the op.mon that, as a g' neral rule, Cougres.-
ou,ht to confirm the adjudications ol Uie Cum '
and thul Uie p>wer of icvisal being reserveu
tiiere should ue no interference except iu case
where palpable error iu regard to tacts migii
be developed. Ihe tribunal being consiitutei.
of able judges, in whose intelligence aud iuteg
nty the country could Confide, Congress Suoux.
us a general ruie, give iliem the luilest cuun
ueiiiz:. the pututiuu thus taken was not c>u
troverted, and the sebre ot the Lcuate uiaj
therefore be considered as fully iud.caled uj
the proceedings whicu followed.
Strayed.—Broke uno the pocket of the ed
itor of Ibis paper a tan cent piece. Wuu i
oelougs to, or where it ca ee from is a mjateo
to us, aud we earnestly requ-st the owner to
come and ta eit away. We nave beeu will,
.ut money so fun that its use is entirely fo>
gotten. Upon one side is a beautiful youn,
lady; with u handkerchief to her eyes—weep
.ug to think she has uu mate—and her uign
cap ou a pole, as a signal us distress. Once get
ting angry, we pinched her severely, but she
wood t come to’’quarters," and bow we hi
that some oae wiii outue and taaua
PaUtot. ’C
T BURKE, FROFRt *
NUMBER 50
New York Con’espoudence.
NEW-YORK, July 12.
The nomination of Fremont las called into
political activity the literary talent of tne
North. Persons who have heretofore kept aloof
from party platforms and who hnve abitain, d
from noisy harangnes are now in the thickest of
the fight. Mr. Bryan' the poet, :as taken the
stump, and “Howadji” Curtis, is nowon a reg
ular electioneering tour. J G. Goodrich, ths
quondam “Dick Tinto," Paris correspondin' ••(
the Dailv Times, h writing a “life” of the
Rocky Mountain hero.
The court dress trouble in London cau-ed
not a little merriment in t his city. People
wonder that such a mountain should have been
of sneb.a mole-hill ; every body is asking who
the gentleman could have been. I forb-ar
calling names as it will all soon come out. Tne
matter is certainly h lnugh able one, although
our John Bull friends pretend to Is- very mnch
exercised about it. Mr. Dnllus will not pioba
bly be dismissed in cnus -quence.
The Times is not to lie converted into a
Democratic paper. Mr. Forney amt Ge ~ N.
Saunders, it is reported wi I star' a duly p> ti
ny paper in this city in a few days, with u cap
ital of 8100,<100 It will tie the organ, pur ex
cellence. Buchanan. I' will be a Sunil' up
on the Daily News, which Ims done y> omuu's
service in behalf <•< the Democracy "f »
Slate aud city. The m w paper will not suc
ceed.
Lecomp'e, Pryor and Prioress, the three ra
cing horses ovlolig'lig to Mr. I’en Broeck.
Sent to Great Britain to day in the screw .'u
me Edingburgh for G asguw. Mr Ten 80.
vek himself, left iu th., steamer fur 1.1«- j a
lew days since.
A new weekly appeared this ni rui u enti
tled 'he "Wail s i et Guz He. I i* ui •,d •' '•>
b,- a successor t-> 'h“ Wo l-H're>-i J nirmi' pub
lished by the Inn Foilei 'k It ,bui- .ii. I .till
<■! course abound will mu p s -iniili les a>d |M
culiui’ill's of lne mmieieil n<*r**ug tare.
A Very prettA laiii.cn a el'pp'i’ Meh.xim r
t-<>k p are fmiu lie'y nd ol E S Wm ick
tins morn,ug 'lie I- nbo <l 200 imre u d m
the pi uirtT of > new I' eno>u I" eMail. 81l
ed re Iw e i tuis p >ri mil Vri Ur'.z, 1/ vc i.
~ ' "i .d 11, generally, in Very ouu lieou-
buuta.
PINK.
Prom tie r hartesto • f'msei r.
Washington Jul« 14 Tlx II u > n"ix'nrß
to b : deierniiind to fi ,i»n the It -x>. ~ x, <1 •nm.
n r case to uight. The direux-i u li m o ca
ped too much time, in pr<>|xirti<m to its >m
purtanre, us couceriH the ij.ai e Ii whs well
argued, by Mr. B yee, that the
giving Coi.gr.ss lh - power to “punish in m
bers for disorderly b ' uviour,” apples «<• mut
'ers concerning the House, not t<> such a cuxe
us is now presented
The discussion for a day or two has been
limited to fifteen minute sptches Tory h.vu
been very U'nn rous, and on the whose. vry
respectable, in point of ability, aud mud. rare
in tone
There is no possibility of carrying the reso
ution for the expilsion of Mr Bro ~ s but he
may be censured by the vote of a in j n i'v. -
In that case,ii is commonly said that he will
resign and uppeal tu his constituents, who will
reelect him by aeclumatinn
The Jury lu the cage of Mr. Herbert persist,
so fur. in their disagreement. The Judge di
rected, to day, that tley be again locked up.—
It is said that eleven are for acquittal uud >me
for a v. rdict of manslaughter. The instruc
tions of the Court seem to leave the jury no
alternative hut to acquit the accused A mo
tion iu the House, to day, to suspend the rules
for the purpose of taking up the Senate reso
lutions for the term mu i< m of the Session on
'he 28'h July, received 11 (I votes to 98aguitrtt
it. It was lost, as it r< qmred two thirds But
he vote indicates a strong disposition on the
art ol the House, to consider ihn subject of
n journment. They will probab'V ninend the
. solution by fixing the l.jih or 20 h of Au
gust. and the Senate will concur in it.
The Black Republicans are desirous of fix
ing a time for a.ijouiTinient, in order to pre
clude action on the Senate bill for the pacifi
cation of Kmsas If that 1 ill should liecomc
,i law the declaration of Mr. Buchanan would
be realiz' d—that the Kansas question woull
be settled in six wc ks. By the same token,
the black republicans would lose their wh lo
political capital ; which consists iu agitationuf
foe Kansas question.
The Buffalo Convention, in which Gerrit
Smith and Governor Reeder figured so large
ly, and mad sueh w irl.ke threats uud prepara
'ions for wur in Kansal, nas hud the effect
to alarm the people of the North, and to pre
judice the cause of the black repub liuaoH aud
their candidate.
Every one is tired of the d'SCQstion of the
subj et of the action of the Naval Retiring
Board, and it s hoped that, the Senate w 11 dis
pose of it to day, by the passage of the bill
reported irom the Navy Uoininittue.
Ttfß- We notice with pl a«urc the following
from the Augusta Constitutionalist & Repub
lic.
Document* for the Campaign.
We will publish next week. ~ii a sheet the
size of the Tri-Weekly CoiHiitulionalitt, many
valuable document fur circulation among the
people. It wi.l be printed with g tod type utid
ou excellent paper.
Among the important articles
The Platform oi'Principles adopt, d t»y the
National Ddinocralic Convention, held at Cin
cinnati.
Proceedings of the Democratic Cuuven ion
held in Milledgeville. July 4Ui, 1836.
AZessrs. Buchanan and Brei Kimudon’h let
ters ol acceptance.
Kn iw Nothing Platform of priucip'es ado.i
--i-d io Philad iphia. in F b. uury. 18 16.
'/'ue Georgia K ow .Xoiliiug 1‘ ai.liuiu.adop
ted at Macon July 8. 1846
I'mee letter* from ' Oi<i L no Whig."
Euw. H. I'otiLkh letter to the p-op'e pf
•Varreu county. . •
Hou. *».. Hum. s .nsnly and pa.rio'i ie ter.
vi izZ ird Uum c » Hecord.
Mr. BucHanaan letter 1U relation to the
Irop ul D U'Wra co o 11" a try.
KDITO .IAI. AKTIHLKS.
i’o divide tile .-Ou.li isio Uut.ay Iler,all I iiw
oeril lue Uo.ou
Im ign-i him .r is i w, fn am i|,m rao-.l?
item I, ks ou »lr. Fii.lm an a -peeuuua at At
•any. itoc ,e® er oat uiue. piac<a.
aq iulici .-v.veieig ~y.
MISCr.LI.ANs US AKTICUM.
Steppuu O. ues lio.u 0,.e .s uio .ne Other.
•li. r'ILLX kk ... o.ul as Fa Mo T.
HUUHaNaN Vs. r'ILLMOKS ..no t’ uAM -NT.
•X .hi several ~iu, i ai ociea, .uau ..g a very
mens iug docuiueul loi gene.a. c icu a I >u,
I'ney win be and at «>o oo ger uuud . il.
A v ry 'aige • tl.uuu win uc p tua u. out wet
uot lUat uidirs will be acul iu as «j.,u
iu c.
HorWill our brethren of the press br pteas* ,
d to call atieuuou to Hus publication.
B®_ It is reported by me Loudon wrrwpm.
d. ul ul the Puilade puta Lcdgei, that Mr.
Dodge, uur Minister to spaiu, isaiiuui wak ug
a treaty with tuat Country, by which it is
lie mm dated that we are to denar ouiae.vea
pool the purchase ur acquantiuu ul Luba, ,u
any mode, for the coumderaliuu o ( uurusu
wuhmUml advautage» to Um U. &