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( Columbus .AJXTD TDJ^XXaIT Enquire! VOL. XVI. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, JANUARY 15, 187 4, NO. 12 iiaiiY WEEKLY, AND SUNDAY : the wants of the Government could tie U“' L1 f raised at a reduced rate of taxation. ALFRED R. CALHOUN, Proprietor. AORICULTURR. l-'rom the vast importance which at- P r, " uuu -'‘ 401 n wliPM to tlm wnhieet. it would stw-m l.n i- U pUTpOS mouth*), in ndvaarn S’t months, Three months, One month, iYserly Enquirer, one year Hcnd.vy Enquirer, one year Sunday wild Whkki.y Enquirer to- gather, one yoar r£JrilVES . hie property of the State. With au«h a should ho paid iuto the Treasury, to he which have boon turned over to the tins- ! to the care of their Lunds And relatives. i valuation, there is but little ret son to used for other limn school purposes. The ties of tbo University. The emiuout rank In consequence of this defect in the law, doubt, that the money needed to supply act further provided that the bonds, tu which the University has assumed among : the institution is becoming crowded with which the school fund v as required to bo the institutions of learning Is a just cause , this class of patients. Some of tbo pres- investtd, should be sold, ‘‘under the di- of prido on the part of the people of j eut inmates, who are healthy in body And rectiou of the Governor, to meet appro- 1 Goorgiu. , harmless in mind, huve been in the Asv- priatious for school purposes, und for no dkaf and dumb asylum. . lum for periods varying from ten to other pnrpou?." Authority wiw yiveu by 1 .ubmit herewith the SitUmmUr Annual fwenly.elght J««r«. 1 «t)Kgeat that Iho oal to Hive priority and supremo cutisid- ,ho “ ot Au S ,lst ,S| -- to l | ust , r 7 i ltoport of tho Trustees ol tbo Institution law l)» ho amended as to Riv« to the lrn«. ! eration to tbe sirionl.iueof the Stute thefle boD<1s ““<• suhstituto otlier • lawful- for tho education of Urn Deaf and Dumb. J fl6H th “ P" wor to disehar 8 e, lor reasons „ A | It Is too trite to repeat, tbat this interest ly ,Uelv pl . a0 ®,- , lh *. B ® 1 Tho number of pupil. admitte.I to tbe lu- ,bo >" kerned sufficient, any patient in •** 110 ia so vital and extended, tbat it underlies ,n , b ?'. 1 , t “ ted . bond , w * re . r *fl ulred to b ® Htitution,during tlreyear, wassixty-seveu. sold at rates not injurious to the credit Six pupils completed within the yoar, the of the State, ’ and the proceeds apportion- ed among the comities ou tbo basis of the school population. The fund so ap portioned was required to be applied to thn payment of the claims of teachers for 1871, till such claims wore satisfied, and then to future school work. encouraged ns the leading industry of the ! , A ‘ n .° ,ime siu ,? e ‘*| e P“ s "« 0 of V State. But is our agriculture advan.ingV ! *“* ' l l !fV' P^eticable to dispose of these n;' e ,neri f n a B t “ 0 And na d P oe a H U ‘^ 1 T ^ “ "^^=^0^^ which they ‘ have elected to follow’ “ud 1,0 ° r . 0,1 “ R ’ DCe the P“ sa 8 0 °f the act has llnnn which th«v are «n nntirelv d»Ao,.d. I re ‘l m « td . th « 0X f™. 1S0 » f P. rU<,en06 And caution in placing 75c. annual message OF GOV. JAMES M. SMITH tiL* KK.4JL AftSK.UBI.YOF UKORUIA January 14, 1H71. Executive Department of Georgia, > Atlanta, Ga., January 14, 1871. / To the General Assembly: The reports of the Treasurer and of the Comptroller General, herewith transmit ted, show the financial operations of the Stuto Treasury, for the fiscal year ending December III, 1873. It will be seen, that the amount received into the Treasury from all sources, during the year, includ ing the proceeds of the sules of bonds, and the balance on hand January 1, 1873, i* throe million, one hundred and seven- ty-two thousand, seven hundred Htid eighty-eight dollars und seventy-four omits. The disbursements for the same period, including the amount of principal and interest paid upon the public debt, are two million, two hundred and fifty thousand, two hundred and thirty-two dollars und forty-nine oautH. The amount of public debt, principal aud interest, paid during the your, was one million, three hundred and thirty-five thousuud, seven hundred aud sixty-seven dollars and seventy-three ceuts. This amount ia made up of the following items: Komi i ru.l6o:u.Mt $ 320,300 00 I Uto.vst 393,14- 75 Aniotitil Uusnt.II angu cluiin 433,133 oo Total, ns above stati‘1, $1,333,707 73 As required by the Act, approved Feb ruary lit, 1873, 1 issued the sum of ouo million, two hundred thousuud dollars of bunds of tho St »te, hearing eight per cent, interest, and to become due as provided in the Act. These bonds have all been placed ut pa", uud, as will appear from iho loport of the Treasurer, at uu expeuse less than oae per cent. I respectfully rooouitnond, that the amouut necessary to defray the expense of negotiating these bonds bo appropriated, und that the Gov ernor be authorized to draw his warrant therefor in favor of the Treasurer. The largor portion of the bonds was disposed of in this State; and the faoAity with which the loan was made shows, not only the confidence of our people in the pledg ed faitli of the Government., but the souud condition of tbo public credit. PUBLIC DEBT. The following is u consolidated state- mint of the debt of the State, on the first day of January, 1871 : it.tie of 14sin of Bondi. W.ienditi Amount of l\ 1644 ,tad 1 si.4, 1874, $ l«7;l, H?r., • and supports all other indu-trial pursuits. We are essentially an agricultural people, and will remain so, no doubt, for an iude- ; lluito period ; and while au intelligent aud observing mind does not fail to ap preciate a diversified industry, we never theless feel that the host interests of our | society require that agriculture should bo 1373, Iso* and 1873, iHfi.i bud 1873, iBWiind IM7.1, JStJl und loT* 1873, Hi 1878, l-»73, 1872, 1877, 337.000 100.01.0 103.000 100.000 300.000 31*0,000 aon.ooo v oo.ooo loo ooo 11.0,0 10 loo.oiio 100.000 .$4,343,31 'IV»»kI JiMblJo debt The foregoing statement shows that the bonds issued in IS 1-4 and 1843 will be- oouiQ mJuo tbo present year. Means for their payment have been already provided | ho gathered ia the sale of eight per cent*, bonds, the Gold Quarterly bonds, issued under authority of the act of September 15, 1870, the sum of $2,038,000 is outstand ing. Thu sum of 500,000 of these bond*, in the hands of Un-sell Sage, to secure a loan of $375,000, has been sur rendered lu the Agent of the State iu New Yolk. The total amount of interest to he plid upon the public debt the pres ent year is $583,4 00. receipts ani> disbursements for 1874, The Treasurer estimates the probable receipts and disbursements for the pres ent fiscal year, as follows : UttUBlPTS. In Treasury January 1, 1874 Koeolpt* fro in general tax, 1874 ** rent W. & A. U illroad. ‘‘ “ poll tax.....‘ ‘- tax on InHur’o couip’s.. " *• railroad tax •• tax uu shows exp. couipaules. upon which they are so entirely depend eut, make them such annual returns as to satisfy a reasonable expectation ? These questions, it is feared, must be answered in the negative. I have given, of late, much e-arnest and anxious reflection to the condition of this groat industry iu our State ; nml candor compels me to say, tbut the result of my investigation is f»i from satisfactory. Many reasons might he given for the present depressed state of our agriculture. Chief among them are, the imperfect inodes of culture and fertilization which have so extensively obtained. It must be admitted, however, that there has been more intelligent effort directed towards tho discovery of better and more scientific modes, since the close of the late war, than during any previous period iu the history of Georgia husban dry. llut what a vast amouut of improve ment is yet to be made ? Of all the futile attempts upon the part of men to secure material prosperity, nothing can exceed iu hopelessness the task of the farmer who toils in the cultivation of a soil whoso sterility refuses any adequate return. It is not too much to assert that there are thousands of such acres iu cultivation in our State, aud that largo sections, unless soon recuperated, will become so unpro ductive as to compel their abandonment. Here, then, is a case which is too vital to be tampered with, or treated with a resort to palliating and temporary expedients. Throughout the leading States of Eu rope tho public mind seems to be pro foundly interested upon the subject of improved husbandry. This interest has, iu a great measure, extended throughout the older Atlantic States ; and it affords gre.d satisfaction to know that the farmers aud planters of our own State are ener getically seeking out new roads to sue cess. All seem to agree that we cun no longer suffer the exhausting drain on our production which our trade iu fertilizers has culled for. Millions of dollars are each year sent out of tho State to pay for commercial manures which have been ap plied to our crops, aud tbo prevailing opinion among our farmers seems to l>e adverse to the economy of their further use at tho price which is demanded for them. A cheap and portable manure seems, in our present condition, to he the graud desideratum iu Georgia agricul ture. With this secured, every other ame lioration is within our reach ; hut, with out it, no puins-taking in culture, and no expenditure of intellect or capital, will produce encouraging results. Recent dis coveries give promise that the tillers of the soil will at no distant day tie placed in po.-sessiou of sounder theories on the sub ject of fertilization, and of cheaper aud more efficient formulas for the prepara tion of manures, thau they have yet had. Sound policy requires, however, that iu matters essential to success in this great department of industry nothing should he left to the mere accidents of'individual enterprise or research. The State, very properly, keeps jealous aud sleepless watch over its financial department. It is doomed of vrtst importance that tbe in come of tho State mid its taxable prop erty should bo digested into convenient foitus uud tables, and that tho public treasury should he appropriated and paid out with elaborate particularity. Rut, when it coiues to the production of this wealth, and the means by which it is to jverythiug is left to the of * 022,554 1,090,000 auo.ooo loo.uou (Uviileiiiln taxes of 1873 taxes of former yours Dlrtltl'USUMKNTB. Civil list Legislative nav-ro.l * Lunatic Asylum •Salaries of Trustee* ami t’hapUin v»l Lunatic Asvlum university of Uer>rgla Doiii und Dumb As> lum Academy lor the blind tut.lh building*—Atlanta aud IMIl- ledge vt lie Priming iuod Oontlngeut fund Seoreui! lev, Clerks and Mossouger of Lxecutivo Department Solicit!,r-LJcniTtfl -Fees In Supremo Court lu erimlu it easjt» qiers in wild L .nd Oltloe Sonool ttommts.-ioncr and Clerk \oocino Agent lor Die State Subscription tollode of Georgia lunthiy and uuat-Nisted exertions each producer in tho State. After much reflection upon the subject, I am prepared *«» iccomuiend to the Gen era! Assembly the establishment of a department of agriculture for tho Stato. It. would be difficult to enumerate the advantages which would result from the operations of such a department. Among i:s duties .should be included tho super vision of our mineral interests and resour ces, as well as the practical application of chemistry to agriculture aud the mechan ic arts. Men now distrust aualyses and experiments which are given to the world on unofficial indorsement. Could the information, so much uoeded in the every day operations in the field and shop, be sent forth from such a department as the olio here recommended, it would carry with it a weight and sanction rendering it acceptable to tho public. Here could be gathered from every source the most ad vanced ideas and methods affecting the great interests committed to this depart ment. Graffu.dly the scope and value of tho practical operations of tho department would ox'end, so ns to iuciude a full de tail of the physical characteristics uud advantages of each county in the Stato. It is witn regret that we ohsoivo how far Iho Stato of Georgia is bohind even some of tlie newly admitted States, iu those 3,(DO valuable statistics justly deemed of so i" fcou i mUy k importance by capitalists and im- 11.000 ! migrants. I In connection with tho subject of amo 20.000 ; |j,,rating our agricultural interests, 1 •vj'ooo I would respectfully invite your attention I to the propriety of revising tho lion laws 10.000 | in force iu this State. The most casual •» ooo ulucrver has uot failed to note the perni- L2oo ! cions intluencc which these laws have exerted upon our agricultural and other is.ooo industries 300.000 30.000 20.000 100.000 100,000 103,000 securities upon the market. Mu h as I have desired that the just claims of teachers should be paid, I have felt that it would not be proper to raise money for that purpose by tbe sale of bauds. I especially invito th.» attention of the General Assembly to so much of the re port of the School Commissioner as has reference to tho claims now under consid eration. If it should bo thought proper to provide for their full settlement, I re- commcud that the suggestion of tho Com missioner iu reference to the manner of payments, be adopted. At the date of the Commissioner's re port ho hud receive 1 reports of school operations iu ore hundred uud thirteen counties. Three mouths’ schools have been kept up in most of the counties, with results which hive generally been satisfactory. The faithfulness with which financial obligations have been met has secured the confidence of the public. The system which bus been inaugurated should bo firmly established, and in creased efficiency should be given to tbo work so auspiciously begun. The sum of $250,000 was distributed among the counties for the snppoitof schools last year. 1 his sum is made up from poll tax; from, the rental of tho Western mid Atlantic Railroad, and from tho dividends on stock owned by the State in the Georgia ltaiho.id and Rank ing Company. I concur in opinion with the School Commissioner, that the amouut annually received from these sources should not be materially increased by appropriations from flic State Treasu ry. This amount will be sufficient, at least for some time to come, for the sup port of schools in tho several counties of the State for three months iu the year. Ail amounts supplemental of this, intend ed for school purposes, should be raised by local taxation. I I idly approve tho views expressed by Iho Commissioner upon this subject, and recommend them to the careful consideration of tho Gene ral Assembly. Your attention is invited to that portion of the Commissioner’s report referring to the appropriation made by the General Assembly at its last session to the Atlanta Univor i'y. That institution is not re sponsible to tho State Government for the proper application of donations made for its support. Our institutionsof learn ing, as far as practicable, should bo fos tered by the St.fto Government; but no money should be given from the Treasury for that.purpose without a sufficient gu-T- an'oo for its proper application. HTVTE UNIVERSITY. I have tho honor of presenting here with the reports of theRoardof Trustees and of the Hoard of Visitors, showing the operations of tho State l!uiversity during last year. Tho session closed Angu.-t ff, 1873. on which occasion de grees were conferred upon thirty-throe students who had passed the examinations in the schools of tho University with which thrv had been connected. The number of students nmtrienlatf d dming the year was three hundred aud eighteen Tim several courses of htmly prescribed, ami tho nnmbt-r of Hindi nts pursuing each course, are )• ported by the (’Lancoilor as follows : .Student*. Tho Classical ('ours*. 53 “ Scientific “ 2t» Elective “ li» ttapho term of six years allowed by the State The sum of $13,500 00 wus appropri ated at tho last session of the General As sembly to pAy the officers and teachers of the Institution and for tho support and education of the indigent pupils therein. This sum was found sufficient; and, in the opinion of the Trustees, a similar sum will meet all tho wants of the Institution the present year. The General Assembly, at the last session, appropriated tho sum of $1,500 00 to construct water-works for tho Institution, and the further sum of $1,000 00 for repairs. By a judicious expenditure of those sums, the buildings have been ropaired and furnished, adding greatly to the comfort of the pupils, and water-works have been cor.s rnoted of sufficient capacity to supply the Institu tion. The Trustees recommend that au additional term of three years in tho In- stitulion bo allowed to such pupils as may prove themselves competent, intellectual ly and morally, for tho same ; and, also, that a department he established for teaching articulation. They also suggest, that the Institution needs additional school-room furniture, and proper sys tems of drainage und ventilation. I roc- ommeud, that au appropriation of $13,- 500 00 be made to moot the ordinary an nual expenses of the Institution, and thul such other sum be specially appropriated as its wants iuay require. ACADEMY FOR TIIK BLIND. Herewith i* presented the Report of tho Board of Tiuatees of tho Academy lor the Blind, for the yoar 1873, with accompany ing documents. The affairs ot the Acad emy have been managed with due regard to economy, aud its condition reflects credit upon tho officers and Trustees. The receipts during the year were : From rtti« , xj»ctulo«l lailttiire .Ihii. I. 1871, f 1,113 .;7 A|i|>’tiou Ioi MU|ij»ot I of Ilia A' lut' iiry '7-*, Ml Sp'Tinl H|ii>roi>riutioii for ri'j iiir* 3.MM) on Total receipts for W73 $i3.tr. ;7 DISBURSEMENTS IN 1873. For support of Academy, 18;3.$11,20<) 00 For repairs 3,000 00 Total disbursements $14,200 00 The number of students in the Acade my has increased to a degree which will require a larger appropriation for tho sup port of the institution during the present year. The principal estimates that the sum required will ho $12,000 00, which will give loss than $275 00 to each student iu attendance at the Academy. A special appropriation of $3,000 00 is also asked for,to complete certain improve ments already commenced, and to repair the buildings. I recommend that these additional appropriations be made. LUNATIC ASYLUM. • 1 have tho honor to submit herewith tho report ol the Trustees of the Lunatic Asyluiu. Thu number of patients in the Asylum, at the date of the report, wushvo hundred and seventy six. i he capacity of the institution is uot sufficient to ac commodate over six hundred patients,uud it is not improbable that it will be tilled the present year. The report shows that the Asylum is iu good condition : that its departments are well organized, und its business conduot- o 1 with reference to economy und effi ciency. No allowances, of any kind, are made to the officers and employees of tho institution, (excepting the superintendent aud resident plijaicians,; other than quar ters and fuel io the c llioeiH tesidiug in tho Asylum Tho reports of the Treasurer and Stew ard show the receipts and disbursements during tbo year ending November 30, 1872. Duplicate vouchers of disburse ments have beou made out and placed on file in tho Executive OfBoo as tho law* re quires. According to estimates submiited by tho Board of Trustees, $105,(MM) will be required for the support of the Asylum during the present year. The expense of each patieut, on tbe basis of this amount, is fifty cents per day to the State. This estimate is not excessive, and I recom mend thut tbe amount asked for hy the Board be appropriated. PENITENTIARY. I he Annual Report of the BnueipHl Keeper shows, that the total number of convicts now iu tho Georgia I'onitoutinry is six hundred and sixty-tour. Of these ninety-three Are white und live hundred aud seveuty-one ure colored persons. There are one white and nineteen colored females among the convicts. Tho present leaso of the convicts will expiro ou the first day of April next, and it w ill ho necessary that some action he taken at the present session of fhe Gen eral Assembly, directing the future dispo sition to bo made of them. Tim Slate prison has been unoccupied for several years past, aud is not of sufiiciout capaci ty, or iu proper cond.tiou to accommodate and keep securely the present largo and constantly increasing number of convicts. If it should hu detuimined riot, to lease the convict force iu tho lulu re, hut to confine them within the walls of the State prison, steps should at once bo taken to enlarge tho buildings and nuiko tho ic- pairs necessary for tho sale keeping ot tho piisoncrs. From the year 1817, when the Beintoii- tiary went into operation, down to 1837, a period of fifty years, Iho average mini bur of convicts within its walls was forty- two. The average annual appropriation, for tho support ami safe kooping of the prisoners, during (he same period, was $11,210 (10. or$2lfi 00 for each one per annum. From this statement it wmld seem impossible, if the convits are kept and employed withiu prison walls by the State, to make the penitentiary system self-sustaining. To appreciate fully tin- justness of this con elusion, it should be remembered iu this connection, that lim ing tho period just mentioned, all the con victs woro white persons, ami tor that reason, probably more capable of learn ing tho arts in which it has beer found practicable to employ convict labor. Of tho couvictn now in the Penitentiary, nioro than five to or e arc < olored persons, most, if uot nil of who i-, by reason ot thpir ignorance and former habits of l.fu. can never be profitably employed iu any of the mechanical arts. And when it is borne in mind, that for some years to como the number of convicts will prob ably ho increased, rather than diminished, the disposition best to h - made of the Penitentiary hocoiii'** a ques io-i of the gtAvcst important*-. If the General Assembly, in its wis dom, should dolem.il o ih.ff li would be for the public intercut t » agon farm out tho convicts, 1 would siiggual that author ity be given to leass tor a longer term than two years. The piolilublu « uiph y meat of so large a force would necessa rily iuvolve a heavy ou lay on the part of contractors, und it might bo found ditli cult, it not impoH-ible, to lease the con victs for a period less than five years upon the Mate the Asylum (building, and forage for one i terms w hich would horse to tho chief steward. Commissary 1 expense. stored to tho extent of .v 1.500 00 pci-an- J I respectfully invite the alt*«uti< the General Assemb’y to 11 « the Principal Keeper, herewith siibm: o It contains a succinct histmy of iheP« teutiary from its cstubii hmeiit down Did fmntG.es f.i !>»•*' time, JCoeper Public Property.. tvtu<t.-ui.>ii>il turn! <>U debts \\\ ic A. Killro-i.l Old change Mils W. & A. itatlraud. PublloMeht and liiterc-*t 2,000 250,000 25,000 COMMON SCHOOLS. 1 transmit herewith the annual report of the State School Commissioner, show ing tho operations of that department during last year. Of tho special tax of oue-teuth of one pur cent., ievio-1 by vir- $2,722,853 t no u f the act to provide fur tho payment The amount of taxable property, in of claims due to teachers of 1871, thero 1873. as shown bv tho ComptroPer-Geu- I was colleoted, prior to tho tir*t day Aral's report, was $212,487.382 0 ). This ! of December Lint, $170,237.01. Of this valuation, we may safely calculate, will bo amount, the sum --f $174,0(K) has already increased tho preseut. year to $250,000,- [ been apportioned among tho counties of 4K)0 00. Four-aud-n-hulf-tonths of one ' the State. Thn School GoimuisHioncr is per cent, on this amount would raise j not in possession of the information ne- •$l,125,ooooo, wtoioh, together with the i cessary t<» enable him to report tho revenue lo ba derivod from other sources, ] amount of these claims yet remaining will he sufficient to meet fill just claims | unpaid. upon the Treasury during next year. At the lime the teachors of 1871 took Your utteutiou is respectfully invited to i service, there Lu cln.'/l. i U.l!e f; . The 8' ho-;I i no fund in the Treas- the amendments of tho tax laws suggest- ! ury for the payment of their claims. One iouer «l iu his re- | y^ar after the schools of 1871 wore open ed by tho (L)inpDoiler (icuer port. I renew tho suggestion mode in my List ann'i il message to the General Assembly, th .t the law be so amended us to SocUl s a con Kdt valuation of thu tax* J. Iho Hcho«»l fund, amounting to $?P2,- 027.32, whs bonded, under th** provisions of the ait of July 28, 1870. This act re- quit ed that thu .school fuuda then ou hand Slut University had id* preparuloiy and no Freshman class, anil the iDhtric-ulaf.on indicates a change in the .structural working of tho University. Of the three hundred and eighteen stu dents who attended the I’niverriity last year, two hundred aud ninety-one woro from this Stale. This fact indicates that our people not only feel an increased in terest in education, but that they also have a ju t appreciation of tho educa tional Advantages afforded by their State University. « The 1 ist session of the Stuto College of Agriculture and the MechanicArtsshowod tho increasing prosperity of that institu tion. Under thu careful supervision of President Blown, aided by the professors associated with him, it is rapidly growing in public favor, and promises s*»<m toper- form a prominent part in tin* work of education in the State. Tne College now inis three departments, viz : Agriculture, Engine.‘Hup, and Vpplitd Chemistry each hiving its appropriate professor. In -.ddiiion to the instruction obtained in these departtiD h -. the .students of the foUrgo a; e al ;•» in ru'-ted by thrprofei- *ors in the schools of the t uivaiMly- iu mathematics, natural philosophy, modern languages, uu 1 English literature. They also hive the advantage of all tho auxilia ries of education, such ns the libraries, museum and lileraty m duties of the Uni versity. Towards the <»<o of tho year 1872 the North Georgia Agricultural College, lo cated at Dahlomga, ^ec inu a branch of tho State College and a deportment of the University. 1 hat college was formally opened iu -'annoy. L>73, and numbered, during its first sevion, one hundred and seventy-seven students. The Chancellor, in his repott, speaks in thu most encour- aging terms ot this branch of tho Uni versity. The incoini- of tin* University for last year, from nil a urce*, and including cash baluhce, wa-» $3 1,71)8 'J2 Of this amount there was receive.I from tuition foes $10,540; from interest on the land scrip fund $10,23 4 15 and from all other sources $1 4,021 77. The expenditures for tho intnn period were : For salaries, $27,383 27 : for sundry expenses, $5,518 03; cash balance July 20, 1873, $1,80'} liO. The expenditures on account of the St* to College were : For salaries, $0,7ofi oi ; for sundry expenses, not in cluding repairs, $3 25!) is. '1 he in-t payment for tho Agricultural College land scrip, amounting to $03 102, v.'as received in tho mouth of July last. Of this stun $Ui».OtH) have Iman invested in thu tight per aunt, bonds of thu Mate. num, or so inui L theieot us may bo nec essary for the m lintanmnco of his table, aro allowed to the superintendent. This uliowuncc is made 1<» jhat officer in view • >t the necessity which is imposed upon him of entertaining visitors to the Any- whir* lum, aud for providing for his own table I mining the proper disp« such special diet a* is found proper for ' <-f the nMit-mion. .-evli'in female ,miientH i ma. os anu dki.x-w.,',. j Ihe suliiiy ol the (.tiaplain of the Asylum w..h fixed I in the I'nistc-es iu De- j cember, 1872, at $501)00 per annum. ; I wus Informed *»:. h»< j Tbo regulations require that officer to hoid j July la*«t b^ emi„in lo*iU< loro that the State could not lose largely . by receiving the bills in bu*ine-<a tiansae- - tions of the road. The public interest required that the road atiould be *-parated so as not to involve) the necessity of de- i fraying its expenses out of the public! treasury. Believing that to make tho road hell-sustaining, it w ould bo necessary to > tuke thu bills, 1 directed the Receiver not j to refuse to accept them for freight and | passeugov earnings ; and that the hills, : when thus received, should be cancelled j and held by him as vouchers, to be used ! iu the sett lenient of his accounts with tho | State. After takiug possession of tho load, I determined that it would not be proper for uie then to exorcise the authority vest ed iu me, to dispoaa of it by sale. 1 had hoped tbat the company would bo able to mako an arrangement to relievo the State aud resumo possession of the property. Acting upon this impression, l made as little change as possible iu the practical management ot the road. There has been little reduction iu tho working forco ou tho road, and the track aud other pro perty have been kept in good condition. On account of tho recent financial troubles in tho country, the company io- pnrt to me that they will nut bo able to make any arrangement for the lelief of the State. In consequence of this, it will uecesaary for the General Assem bly io make provision, ut the present session, for the payment of the intercut upon tho company's bonds, for which the State is liable. it is cluimed that the amount of these bonds is $2,550,000 00 Of this amount $t*oo,oou 00 were indorsed undnr tho act approvdd Octol-en 27, 1870. There iH a doubt in tho public mind ns to the validi ty of the last, moutioued indorsements. Information iu my possessoii induced uie to believe that a largo amount of tho bonds bearing this indorsement has nev er been legally negotiated by tho coiupa- The bonds which have not been sc# negotiated are still the property of the company, aud under the order ol seizure ought to be surrendered lo the receiver. No payment of the principal or interest of these bonds should he made until tho Legislatin'.' is lully satisfied that the pub lic (aitb is pledged therefor. The net earnings of tho road since its seizure, as reported by Ihe receiver, amount to $27,DIM 5!l. Ihe earnings of the road have been derived, almost exclu sively, from its local business. Tibullus resulted from the fact that it Ins not been practicable to make any satisfactory uiraugemcnts for through f i eights with connecting roads.— The rocoivor ostiuiatos that (he net earn ings of the road the present yoar will probably amouut to $30,uot) 00. Tho history of this company idustrates tho impolicy of granting tho ai 1 of tho S'uto to works of internal improvement' The road was commenced under very fav orable auspices, and it was claimed that it possessed advantigos which would ren der it solf-sustaining. Iu less than eight years after the aid was given, however, the company lias became uniiblo to meet the interest upon its bonds, and a practi cal addition of several millions of dollars to the public debt is the result. There are numeioiis charters upon our statute hooks containing provisions for the grant of State aid to railroad compa nies In some instances, these compa nies have not organized so us to claim their chartered privileges. In other in stances, organizations have takeu place, hut no work has been done. Home, and p rhups all, of these enterpii ea would, if completed, be useful to the public ; but it may be confidently asserted that not one of them possesses merit sufficient to war rant its construction at the public expense. It will hardly he found practicable to es tablish tliu credit of the State upon s solid basis so long ns it is in the power of pri vate corporations or individuals, by com plying with the comparatively e*»sy condi tions prescribed in these diallers, to add countless millions to our public debt. 1 therefore recoin mend the pasaage of a measure repealing the aid foul ure in cvoiy (dialler in tiie.Sl.de, whc"« (lie same has no' actually become a ve.tcd ligtu m th** laimii'g it. OPELIKA DIRECTORY. Lawyers. A. j. VICKEHS. Attorney nml CouiiKollor nt Ijtir, Otlli-H oppufcit' Alabama llouae. Ri.tUHtm ill all Iho Court* of tho Htut-. wv*. Tailors. M. H. « Tnllor, Tut Him tnnl Makia? in Late.it Ntjle*. R«- RitiriiiK in tttly <tun». HouIII JUilrou'l bt., ov* r Fuinuuio Slur*- U»T Dentists. j. i.. k. smith. n«utiu, JJot*« IMhio Work anil Fliiipdiu;' on o-u, C'3] Inrum. CliHinl*! r* Mioi-t. Barber Shops. WENLKY 11 Alt III AO K It. Ilnrln-i *ruer South Kitilroud mil Clniiabt-rH Htn lilfiXO.M A T tit NEK. Harber*. idi Httilrital ill-i*l, uu*. or Adauis II*. Hotels. ALABAMA HOLME, tViivpuiuiit In htiniiii-ii. portion of Hit* city. Jut _ d. W. ALI.KN, Prop ABAMN HOUSE. When you pi* to Opelika, !>** mire to htop at 11 AUitnm House, opposite Funrii iigt-r Lcpot. Doctors. I>R. J. W. It. WI 1,1,1 A.VIM Insurance. K. «\ HOWES A MON, Ucncriil Insitt-itnee Affenl*. Rut I mail Sir. ft, over K. M. < I rente .v » $200 Reward! rntlK abovn rewind will I. p.id for tho a;.pi* • | hniiHtou. with evidence to tonviri th< pi*r.-»:i or porMUiN who removed the tiack mm SmitSTi Station, oil the i-il nml.. or fur ihe upprt-bi‘Mrti<*ti ot any p.-r*u*ii who m<*y at any hint! iii.dii-ioind) pi a ch oliitii Ui’tioiM oil tic* track that would rtidun ”.*r lit - !- or p operty. A. .1 It KA III), K. M. \V. It. It Opelika, AU , Dec. 24, k873 doVI :;i For Sale or Rent. T. L FIIA/Kil- SCHOOLS. Monroe Female College, Korsyth, Georgia. rpllF. SI'KINU 8K- I on WcdimiiUv. 187 h Ren id iti rim yt'anl , ..in-f in Mu*.< I’ (ho mu it and t-p.iiii.ili Iim true lion lit roi idinrm h reai..n.d.I**. For purlit-til.i A CARD. M V CLASS Full VuL'N'i it KN IK'lit i'll ill 'l.f I Kllji'U;.- l.ll'i 4Q5 tin* bij*lii-. f-i.xIM* will !•*- i — .'I'.-in '1 my i*Iu. FoLrii.ii y. Dull all Mb i up;. Ill Dec* i. minimi b h,b- ♦lie North /. South in ted i lint i ho fust c-i »»l lti r.**id bad da id liti •f ttie Macon and Biunswick II (huupMiiy. w tin h hod best, mdor tin* St d.*, iiuiler the a.-l apj*i.»voi| I tier 3, I Still, thru llmt hit pit; *r,t interest coupons oi their nuii*iA company I.*r pa\meiit, and ilini p. li.ereot had tioen ret used A-nn ing this mforiuution were notice* *• that the coupons h-id lieen pro uon-payineul ou tho fii-*i day By the recond section *-t the at which the bonds were nut it Ihe duty ot tbe Governor, in tic lhal any interest upon the bond dorsc-d (shall iml be pal I imviog led lor f July, t unde; i/o and take pus-no city of the company, mi ing* of the road to tin- t tho bond or bonds or co ihe road and other pi<»p* tlm company in such nia ti him ns in his judg'i.et serve the intcred ol nil d.-r tl.e authority thus ; order July 2 1873, suizn city «»f the comp.iny, same in tin* posses-mm t he end 1 hat i lis ro id. I tic pi Mp- it-*, *-ii 1 lo sell belonging to . and «il such • Dig the hgious hi ivicc ul thu As) Ini: »S dibatli and once dining the week, and also thn usual servics ut lending the biirnti of the dead. '1 lie General Ahsombly at its last session appropriated iho sum of $250,4)0 to pay the sulaiy of the (Tiuj 1-iiu. and the Trustoes hive not felt antlmiiz.*d to exceed the sum appropriated. 'They rncotmnend that the additional sum of $250.00 bo paid to tlm Chaplain for his last year’s survive, and that his salary ho fixed at $500.00 per annum, or tic. loft to tho discretion of the 'Trustees, as in tlm imho of other subordinate i Hi -era. 1 rospeetfu ly call the attention of tbo Genera! Assembly to tho fact, that tho practice of furnishing intoxicating liquors, without proper authority, to patients and employees at the Asylum, is springing up and threatening to become deliimetilul lo the interests of the instnii'ion. For the suppression • f this < vil, I recommend th »t the sale of spirit lions and null liquors within one in le of ihe Asylum lie prohib ■ ted by law ; and that it he m do penal b* furnish such lojimrs to any patient of tin* institution, unless jn cs-Tii* 1 I hy the ]»r«jp er medic I officer. 'The report ot thu 'Trilitees disclose- tho fac‘, that iu many niittimes thero his thft o’lier proper'y «*! tii# computiy might not been a atiicl compliance) with the law be held and disponed «*t in U0i*ord.iiuo regulating the admi.is"»u «>f pauper pa- with Ihe provisions ot the aforesaid act. ti.-nts into the Asylum. Tim la-.v .1 »*)- Acting under this «*»d *r, (L'.ng.- It 11a- not provide for the adm.s i'Mi •*! paupers /.lohurst, Ihe receiver, look possession ot who nre not residents of this Stato. When »ho road and other property ,3 the cam- a pauper has been c mvioted of a malady p iny in behalf of tho Stale. Th o prompt • equiiing him to be couitullti li t*» the ' ac i »n m.ih deemed necessary lor the pio Asylum, it i- tin du y ot the couit. pro 1 •••ctmn of thn putiiic intereit. l was up siding at tho tri-d, to certify if stu b per ! prehensivo that any delay on my pi;it soil is a pauper : but he shall not lie oer ' would hu taken advantage ot tty crmb’.-.i , titled a pauper unless ia whole, or iu part, to place the company in bankruptcy, iu siippoited by the cotilDy, or unless the which event tho public inlcicit. would c '.mily is bound for his support, it i- unqu« stioiiably have suffVied Miimis in - further provulni, that if there ho per- juiy. sons win* t*y law are bound and able At thu time the road was seized, tho support tho lunatic, the names of such company Und outstanding »d*on» $<n,t)c.u pemoos must be given. If the lunatic ot pu^s lulls, which l ad Se en '.ssinui from lias means enough to support hinr-elf in time to time for convenience in its I pirt, the amount of such means must ho ness trnt.sactiona. The** Dills had g stated an*i must be paid towards his sup- into general circulation, but wore mostly port. The object of tiiose provisions *<t held l*y the patrons and employees ot the t ie law jw lo piotoet the public from the couqauy. Any rotusal to receive those burden of supporting lunatics ulm have bills, I bond, w-.ml I iuv-Ivp incniivon- the means *>t supporting themselves, or ience to the Si Mr Many ot the patrons who ought to be supporud by private in <*f the r-md, wh » held • lirk«» bill*, notified clividuals. I suggest that the law- t»c hi* iuo that they would withdraw their pat- Aiuuudod as to heouro tho <»bsei vunoe by ronage nnb ss the t*iwere uccived for officials of th* so salutary provisions. passenger taro and for freight. Many ot Attention is called to* the suggestion of l tho employees and laborers, *)«.», who had the Board—that no distinct provision ot i received the bills for seivi- . s, threatened Ihw exirits for tho discharge of patients j to ahundoii the road unless bills wore who, while not in a condition to t*o corti | redeemed. Inquiry into m* bu«incs4 of fiod of sound mind, arc nevertheless i *L*- road xatisfied tno 11im» us cnrim-g*. t<*r hurmlcss. and might with benefit t.» them I sumo time to come would not he mu . iu selves uud relief to the Htato be remitted 1 excess of Us current oxpeusos, and there- It.) I c.itastd a tlio ! t work aud of th* ; to he made by c (! 4 for t lint purpoK rt , l»y the Prcsidotit company, slow ing been invo-ted in th sons : and liu tli*! company. BOOTS AND SHOES. YOUR I I I k-M n-.X - r.-|.. ... \ II. I •*.. ;o- SF.t'.iS i) jo .Son r. it, th iiouik i\i» siior.w. be •:loi.i of the ' nt winch had pi i vn* m per- i to* saltilicd Mist ( harlar, wit** t-it!i- ct I HEAD i»ui i-i: ami;it m t'Vld him tied thereto, 1 placed ilia ••miniscmci.t of the Stale upon Ps bonds !•* 'ho extent of $12,0(10 per mils for tin* twenty miles l completed as aforesaid. The length of tho main line* of tin* road between tho termini is on» lumdic I and thirty miles; thn length of road com- 1 plated, twenty miles: the length of nddi iinuni road graded ih forty miles Tho ! Kuril reported ns invented in the company \ is $<;«<>, un; 7:;. Of this file sum <*f $120.*- I D* U2 has boon applied to thn section ot j twenty miles already completed. In this amount are included the expenses of 1 survey, location and eqtiiprm.nl.. 1 he your just i ruled has booh one of | disaitor to the mnterinl welfare of a large , poilimi of our people. As these disaster*- « "iild u«»t be pr* vented, so they cannot I * curd by simple legi-lation. '1 he remedv D-t many "f the evils (*f the times lies within niiiselves. As far. however, as np propiitte legislation can avail. 1 desire to say, it will b« my agreeable duty to ro op-fite with the Genera! Asscmtdy in all proper effoils [o ameliorate the condition ol our common constituent-. It ia our highest duty as it will dotiht)c*-n he out ehiofcsl pleasure I** do rdl we call lo pro moto the general welfare, advance the ! public credit, enforce the law*, and pro- , le d and d* fend the lights and liberties ot th-* people. Jimks M. HxrrrH IS "LEVEL- WELLS & CURTIS. 73 Broad Street. CROCERIES. Go to Pomeroy’s, %T IKMM3I ICVS < OilMlti, For Ferris & Co.'s Suqur-cui etl Pqj Hams and Strips, Ferris’s Milti-curcd N. Y. Bellies, Wright’s Ne P*us Ultra Mmco Meat, tar superior to Atmorc's, Raisins, Figs, Oranges. Lemons, Pr«*- served Ginger, Jellies, Corn Start!:. Sardines, Salmon. Oysters, Tomatoes Christmas Eggs, Turkeys, Ducks . cJ Chickens. Whip, Miik, Butter. Bosto i Butter, boda and Pic-nio Crackers. Snaps, Ac *rMr. 1 r. Puns KOS Wilt Is! lutui'l .ut: ■ ,•).!!,.(VI. a*. ! W.II !•** pif.-.i.-.i M )•- .1, l-.i.- r.. r« »nd tii'-ii'l*. The patretmvv •» • ri-q.e. tlully »*.iteite . pi.vu I> F. \ \ ISON’S i* t i t n i mii r i* i .mi i u. - *\ Ut 'i v>t* JD NLkr.l* Mt 1.1 -• t *> utr I H *."1 w iildll tin p.e*t 1 1 ) >'* Notice to the Ladies. rv. a. nrssiES Ai* KM’ I UR American Cotion Tic Co. III MAN llalit. Ml - OV KU All Ol.t* M AIR. .a all th« lat«*i»t ■(>!«■ M i' LI. AITUOVM* ,V1, A t'U' UlX