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jjluUtt <$:«qUt W. TUESDAY. COLUHBUS: FEBRUARY 3, 1871. PUNITIVE. Wo uro forced l»y the necessity of our husinosH to mako tho folloning announco- ment. Tho advertising and subscription rates printed in this issue will l>o strictly adhered to, nud whero subscriptions aro not paid strictly in advonco tho following prices will be inaistod on : Daily Weekly *... Sunday Sunday and Weekly.. Monthly subscribers.. .*10 00 . 2 iiO . II 00 . r> oo 00 AX Ol'I'OItTl'\ITY. On Thursday wo will issuo an extra edi tion of 0,000 sheets, to be distributed to farmers and otiiars through tho Granges and post offices. Otir mordiantn should avail themselves of this opportunity to lay their spring business before tho poo- plo. Call with your cards. The Democrats of Philadelphia have reconsidered their first resolution to mako a party nomination for Mayor, and have determined to unite with tho Reformers, They tirst noiuiuuted Oapl. James S. Bid dle, uu a Democrat, but he declined, ad vising against u party nomination. Tho Domouratio city convention then ro te solved, by a vole of 4H to 1«, to recoin* mend to tho people of PhiJadelpbiu, with out distinction of party, the support of lion. A. K. McClure, uud Mr. McCluro accepted a uomiuution thus tandered. lie is a prominent und able Reformer, and lias Hie support of papers of both politi cal parties, the Press among thorn. Tilt; Ptl'ITSVIMiR NT AX DA It l>. This journal is being published at TottR- vilJo, an ontorprising city in the licurt of tho coal regions of Reqphyivuuia—a place but little known by the majority of poo- plo South. Yet, taking tho Standard at an ovidonco of its prosperity, it must bo one of tho most progressive places in the (Juiou, for the journal referred to would reflect credit ou aoyicit^j in t|ia # Uuiou Mr. Audubon ^liu Odder, is ono of the youngest ami ubl»4,t-jonriiHlists in the country, lie was recently at the head of Forney's J'ress, where he mode an envi able reputation by his boldness and vigor ous stylo. Tho Standard is u fearless, independent organ, and dismisses the issues of tho day from no narrow, part sun stand-point. As such wo welcome it to the field of logitiniato journalism, and wish it the success it most assuredly do serves. HOME MAXtr.UTT HI XU. It is always a pleasure for us to chroni- clo Southern enterprise,particularly whore it takes tho direction of ninnufacturo. We have, and shall continue to advocate tho eucouragemont of Southern manufac tured products,for every cent spent b> our people for them touds to keep money at home, and this is the grunt object. The is nothing uoodod that wo cunuot mako iu the South, aud nothing, coffoo and some mcdiciuoH excepted, that weeauuot grow, nnd so whenever nu enterprise is started that ill any way tends to develop our sources, wo should encourage it to tho ox- tout of our monoy and wants. Those thoughts are called out by seeing at tho olfioo of Ellis A Harrison, of this city, a splendid stock of soap, made by tho Uoor gin Soap Company, of Atlanta. This company produces articles for scrubbing, washing and toilet purposes as good, iu- doed hotter than any wo know of in tho Republic, and wo give them this space without compensation, iu ordor to help au enterprise that every citizen should foster A FlXftiU I'll H I.. It is decided. As wo said seven months ago, the price of a man’s life in Alabama is fixed at five thousand dollars. It may bo valued for loss, but five thousand dol lars is tho limit. Thoro have boon nino cold-blooded mtiTdcrs in tho four countic adjoining Russell iu tho lust eight months aud thoro is only ono of those murderers iu jail. Wo could oxpoot nothiug better iu tho district presided over by that weak ost, laziest aud most iucuiuputeut judgi that ever cursed a court or perverted jus tico by his weakness. We have boon iu. vostigating his ©use, and we propose to say iu subsequent issues what we know about Judge dtruuge. Wbeu this man is so thoroughly iuooiupoteut it is uot to ho wondered at if we find tho subordinate judges ns ignorant of law ns a hog is ol the sennetity of tho Sabbath. Rust wool Judge Appleby, of Russoll was called ou to preside iu the preliminary hearing of a cold-blooded, murder. Applul is particularly distinguished for the versatility of his politics, his ignoranoo of law and everything else, and his im pudout self-presumption. This Judge hoard the case and it was this : A man by the name of Kilim 1 kcops i store at Crawford, Russell county, and ouo day last week a young man name Davis, a rather hot-headed person, callo ou Eilaud to arrange some business (pies tion. The matter seemed adjusted aud Davis was about walking out, when 1 stopped and aako 1 to buy a plug of toba co. Eilaud told him that he v Davis') had an unsettled bill lor two dollars and a half aud ho wanted bitu to pay it. Davis torted sharply that he had uovor he dunned for so small nu amount, aud the hot controversy that followed tho lie was freely exchanged. Davis invited Ei laud out of tho store to fight, and shortly afterwards Davis again came to the front of tho store and repeated his belligerent invitation, saying, ‘T am uot armed, aud will fight you like a man.” Eiland rau out of his store aud rushing at Davis he stabbed him in the breast with a dirk knife. “My God, are you going to kill mo : I have no arms,” cried the wounded Davis. With a fearful oath Eiland again plunged the reeking blade iuto the bleed ing man’s body,and his fiendish blows wore repeated till, covered with frightful gashes, Davis fell dying to tho earth. The only witness was a negro, aud tho above in ef fect is the evidence as reported to us by uuumber of geutlomeu w ho hoard it —all of which we propose publishing. Appleby presided at tho preliminary beariug. and Eiland, ou whose bauds tho blood of Davis had not jet dried, was ul- ljwed freedom on five thousand dollars bail. This is the story; and it adds another to the long list of murders that we have boon called on to chroniole iu tho past eight months, and thoro is only one man in jail for the crime. The others aro freo as the air, nnd the heroes of the pistoled bulliea who long since have ceased to respect tbnt most sacred gift of God—a human being's life. In California some yoars ago life was insecure, and men wore shot down by bullies without pretext. The laws were too weakly administered to give justice. So tho men in San Francisco aud through out tho State organized, and in one week they hung to tho lamp-posts of the cities aud tho trees of the valleys the murderers and weak and criminal judges, and since that wholesome lesson California has been tho most law-abiding State in tho Union. Wo do not advise our people to resort to mob law, tLough tho temptation be terri ble, but wo cannot counsel peace where red-handed murder, unchecked, stalks through tho land. Men come to us, and agreeing thut all this is wrong, bog us to treat tho matter in a general way, and not to he personal, or “go off half-cocked," as they elegantly phrase it. There is too much treating crime in a general way ; tho judges aud janes do that, to the por- version of law and justice. Would that wo could shout in tho curs of thoso who have growu so familiar with the monthly record of blood, “It is tho fault of the citizens ! This murdering is cursing the South, and tho small per-centago of mur derers, in tho oyos of tho world, give character to our pooplo, aud keep away law-abiding men, who otherwise would come to eurioh nnd devolopo our land !" Sleep quietly, aud try to cover the crimiuul with tho murderer s cant of “self- defense.” Close your ears to the familiar story of blood, forget tho murdered man aud his dependents, aud thiuk of all the murderer’s past goodness, to give a pre text for his crime, and so pervert justice. It is the old story, there is only tho shadow of law. Kill a man, and you aro a hero. Steal a mule, and the pooplo are ready to lynch you. l’oor Alabama; famine is preying oh her cotton farms. A cursed system of politics is cuting into her once generous heart, as tho vultures devoured tho bound Prometheus, and murder applauded is desolating her hotnos ; and this will be till the people rise us jurors and voters, and hurl from thoir places such incompe tents as this plethoric Strange, and such farces aud adventurers as this insignifi cant and nncouseieutiouH Appleby. tiie ukaxui: u»:i:ti.\u a NEALE, ALA., I’rWay, Jan. 30tli. Tho Convention assembled at 1(H o’clock. It is estimated that five hun dred people were iu attondaune. Eleven Granges wore represented by thoir mas- tors and delegates : “Gordou Grange," W. J. Howard, Master. Glonnville Grange, A. C. Mitchell, Master. Saudfurt Grange, John Chadwick, Mas- tor. Crawford Grange, Brinson, Mas ter. llurtvillo Grange, J. U. Bunks, Master. UchuoGruugo, S.JS. Scott, Master. Uatehoohubboo Grange, A. S. Glenn, Master. Jeruigau Grunge, Wm. Gatewood, M Aster. Ingram Graugo, John Buehaunnu, Mastor. Oswichoo Grango, , Master. Boykin Grange, Boykin Jones, Master. Kudins saug u song of welcome. Masters of tho subordinate Granges wore requeutod to take seats on the stage. Col. Chauibors thou spoko twonty-fivo minutes. Walter 8. Gordou, Deputy for Third Congressional District, was thou intro* ducud by IIou. W. li. Chambers. Spoko sonio thirty minutes. Col. A. li. Calhoun was then intro duced. A groat many ladies woro present. Among tho number and mombors of tho Older, were Misses Miunio LowiB, Julin Arnold, Mittio O’Neal, Bottle Alexander, Mary Gordou, Lucie Keyos, Mary Keyes, Lucia Keyes, Fannie Williams, Kate Jones, Kiuiua Williams, Mol- lio Wilkersou, Mollio Jones, Bailie Evans, Rou Perry, Ida Henry, Sallio Quarles, Fannie Hudson, Ida Stewart and lots of others. Among tho married ladies were Mrs. A. C. Mitchell, Flora of Stato Grange, Mrs. Thos. Howard, Mrs. Walter Anderson, Mrs. Ebcrhart, Mrs. Thos. Paschal, Mrs. Dr. Pasclml, Mrs. lvonedy, Mrs. J. H. Gordon, Mrs. Waddell, Mrs. Ragland, Mrs. Norwood, Mrs. Dr. Wil burns, Mrs. Thos. Hardwick, Mrs. Pitts, Mrs. Bellamy, Tho feast was spread on throe tables— two ou tho lower lloor and ono in the upper. At o’clock tho Granges assembled to organize tho council. The session was exceedingly harmonious. Much business of a secrot nature was transacted. After which tho council elected officers for the ensuing year : W. C. Clift ou was elect ed President on the third ballot; A. S. Glenn was unanimously elected Vice- President, and Mr. Bass, of Glennville, Secretary, aud Mr. Gatekoopor. We have received two communications furnishing sketches of the speeches, which wo subjoin : Mr. Martin :—It was our pleasure to be present at tho mooting of tho Russell county Granges, assembled at Seale, iu convention on yosterday. Ool. W. H. Chambers led off in a moat splendid speech, in which he was pleased to recite, in his usual forcible manner, the object of tho Granges. Ho said ho wanted all to realize tho virtues of the lodge aud its sa- crod behests : that as a Society it had for its objects tho handiwork of charity, the interchanging of good fraternal feeliug among all classes aud sections, making hoine*what it should be—a haven of rest for the honost, brave, toiling masses who follow the honorable vocation of agricul ture. The object of the meeting to day, said ho, was to orgauizo a C rnucil to per- feet the machinery of tho 6amo, so as to reform the abuses of agriculture iu tho South. What had become of tho money realized in the past eight years from tho South’s 23,000,000 bales of cotton, aggre gating $2,200,000,000? It bad gone to enrich the world and left tho South in poverty. Too much had been writton how to add to the cultivation of cotton, and too little said by scientific agriculturists as to how best to increase tho yield of breadstuff's. Too mauy worthless acres were allowed to be tilled, wbeu economy demanded con traction. Too mauy men lay around cities and trusted their farms in tho bauds of worthless agents. He considered tho track of tho landholder, made in his daily rounds, a most excellent fertilizer. lie wanted everything reduced to a cash basis; did not believe in Massachusetts sand as a fertilizer, when manipulated by tho hand of genuine nutmeg Yankees; wanted fre quent mootings of the Grangers, nnd an interchanging of scientific agricultural ideas. As to politics, though tho order was ‘ antagonistic to an introduction of such matters, yet ho thought it would re form the political abuses of party dis cipline and correct some puritanical misgivings, such as “Credit Mo- bilior," salary grabbing Ac., &o.; thought tho Grangers (iu foreigu par lance) would bo tho balance of powor, and they ought to use it to teach all political parties that there was uot a 'higher law outside of tho constitution.” The Colonel’s speech was recited with marked ability, aud wo think tho subordi nate Grnngos should be proud of Col. C. for his efficiency and ability. Ho loavos in a few days to attend tho Nutionnl Grange, which will convene in St. Louis, Mo., on the 10th of February. Major W. S. Gordon, Deputy, followed Col. C. in a happy speech of thirty min utes, replete with mirth and sentiment, lie possesses tine oratorical powers,and is destined, at no distuut day, to become one of our bust orators. lie possesses a most splendid voice, peculiarly adapted to tho audience—euphonies and brilliant. Ho has labored assiduously for tho causo, and alroady a goodly number of lodges have been orgauized by him throughout this district. At the conclusion of his speech a shower of boqnets full at his foot, and deservedly they were bestowed. Buccoss attend him. OOL. ALFRED R. CALHOUN, ATS* ADDRESS TO THE I'.VTtOMt OF II1/111,1 XOKY Delivered at Opelika and Seale, Alu,, My A. K. CALHOUN. [Published by request of the Patrons of Hus bandry.] Patrons of Husbandry, Ladies and Gentlemen—As au editor! have often felt it to bo my duty to write on agricultural mutters, uud i huvo frequently been amused by the laughable comniunts of some old farmer, wuo, iguoiing my ad vice, wished to know “Whut I knew about farming,” as if ho desired to contrast me in this respect with Horace Greeley. Now, if I wrote about fashions and the proper way to dress, I must acknowledge I would be wofully in tho dark—for a man who is clean is to me always well dressed ; aud if I wrote about the cure of infunts, I would do it very blindly, for I must ac knowledge to a complete ignorance of even the first principles of nursing. There are certain things that occupy much of our thoughts and take much of our money ubout w hich the very brightest of us know but little, and there are certain other thiugs about which we know a great deal, but about wliioh we think but little origi nally, preferring to follow iu tho paths which a hundred generations have beuteti out for us. Ono of those things is farming. I have always thought that a f-euso of farming was au iunato idea, for from tho days ol Adam to tho present, I question if tbero ever lived a man of cul ture and intelligence—no matter what his calling might be—who did not think in his inmost soul that lieuvon gavo him pe culiar qualifications for running a farm to advantage, and that, above all things, ho was eminently qualified to givo farmers advice. One thiug is certain—tho major ity of mankind wear rnoro vegetable than they do unimal cloth, aud they eut more vegetable than they do animal food ; and, ns our principal aim is food nnd clothing, I take it, it is natural that the majority ol mankind should have more knowledge about tho culture and products of the soil than any other. Now, tho majority of mankind aro bora iu the country, and iu moments of grutitude to tho Great Futher, I thank Him I am one of that number. From my earliest memory to tho present, I have been deeply interested in tho subject of agriculture; uot that I over purposed, or thut my educa tors over intended, I should follow it for a living, but h iving traveled over much of the world, aud my childhood’s training and subsequent education having given mo a knowledge of practical and theoretical agriculture, I huve tried to add to that store of knowledge by my own experience, aud I propose in what I say to givo you my conclusions very can didly. Tho majority of merchants and r . nii lawyers, who look forward to retiring iu tho legitimate father of two Columbus the f r ol J, #({0 to u fariu for eRse wh6n f h()) , sou9 (Suns), was selected to bring up the roar, which ho did with his usual accred ited ability. His language nt times was boRutiful and sublime. Ilis delineation of Southern character was truo to the letter, and uttered in his usual open and frank manner. Ho says, however poor the land mny bo, thoro is ono thing pecu liar : it novor fails to bring ono successful crop—that in, a crop of “marlgages.” We trust his home thrusts may bo of advantage to this class of our citizens, though we hope tho crop may grow beau tifully less. Colonel Calhouu mot a host of warm friends, who made him the “lion of tho day." We hoard mauy express tho desire to meet him ofton. Such unions certain ly aro productive of good, and wo trust the Granges may provo a sourco of plea sure as well os profit. Aftor Col. Colhjuu’s spooch a beautiful bequot was thrown him by one of Russell's fairest daughters. We wot ho grew five inchoB taller during tho night. Such cour tesies shown an editor are peculiarly odi- fyiug to him, and already he sings—hoar him— “May 1 constrno that flow Au emblem, low, ol thin While tlio thoiuo that glo* ,a beneath itspo Ho much rosetnblui Dinner was announced after Ool. Cul- houu's speech, and ull partook of a most sumptuous feast. Thoro was elegant music, aftor which Col. Chauibors proceeded to or ganize the Council,and Mnj. Gordon a now Grange. As we were not a Granger “he- yant the Feest," wo woro not admitted. The whole affair was ono long to l»o ro- inemberod, nnd we hope all wore satisfied and profited by their visit to Seale. Marcus. IIatcueouuduee, January 30th. Mr. Marlin: No doubt your roportors havo given you full nnd detailed accounts of the great gala day at Seale, on Friday IH)th January. No doubt you are aware of tho largo attendance on tho occasion; of tho lino speeches made, and of tho magnificent feast furnished by tho Pat rons. Of oourso you will havo no kesi- taucy in doing full justice to the able speeches of lion. W. 11. Chambers and W. S. Gordon, but ns Col. A. R. Calhoun is connected with your paper, wo fear a fooling of modesty will prevent you pay ing him tho compliment his masterly speech so richly merits. Thoroforo wo leave tho task with you to describe the “big day,” but for tho reason above stated, we especially desire that you ul- low us, through tho columns of your pa per, to thank Col. Calhoun for tho groat pleasure he givo us.— Calhouu is indeed emphatically a man of brain. It was reasonable to suppose that, after tho speeches of Col. Chambers ami Air. Gordon, the subject was pretty well ex hausted. But, like the grand old states man of South Caroliua, whose name Al fred R. has uot dishonored, no subject, however much dissected, fails to yield interest when probed by his magic toeguo. Wo say it with all sincerity and candor— for we can only deal in that way when uro unfit for hard aud useful toil iu their own vocations, imagine they can run a farm instinctively and live nu easy poeti cal kind of life. Even old sailors, tired of the uceau, dream about spending thoir declining days on u farm, when the truth is there is no calling that requires more labor ot' mind and body tkau that of suc cessful agriculture. Now I desire here, soleuiuly to protest that 1 never iutuud retiring to a farm when I get tired of newspaper work, for, to tell iho truth, 1 havo no sympathy with men who retiie from tho work of thoir lives, and I hope so long as God gives me strength to wear the armor of my calliug, and to fight in it the battle of life to tho death. No man is happy who does not work, and his happiness depends on his familiarity with, and success in his calling, and the world over, men and nations are successful who work patiently aud intelligently. You will say at once to this, aud you muy frown at my presumption, “Then the Southern States nnd the Southern poo plo arc neither putient nor intelligent, for they arc c« rlainly not growing richer!" 1 do uot say this, but I will repeat your con clusion, “the Southern farmers nre not growing richer;" they uro yearly growing poorer, and it behooves us ns sensible men to look tho causo squarely in tho face aud suy why it is so. Just here, a hundred men will bo roady to say the real cause of our trouble is tho late war, which, after having destroyed the flower of our youth, ruined much of our proper ty aud completely changed the old system of labor to which wo aud our fathers woro educated. I grant you this is truo ; but, my friends, the war only hastoned the ruin towards which the South was speed ing, for her old system of agriculture tended to impoverish the laud, and Was only limited iu time by the number of in closed ncros, and lior system of labor was a greater curse to the whites than it was to the blacks, for it tended to degrade what God hud crowned with tho sweaty diadom of glory, thut is the dignity of la bor. I abhor partisan politics, for they are tho tools of office hunters, who live by antagonising the people. I havo no particle of respect for the haters of sec tions, for in this laud we speak the same language, aud somehow I never huve soeu much difference in individual pluck, though I will concede that never iu the history of the world did mou work harder, or with a more sublime faith, than did tho private soldiers of tho late Confederacy for the success of their land. Without pay, ragged and starviug, the lines of their march were more extended than those of Alexander, aud the tields of thoir daring were more glorious than those that laid tho world at tho feet of imperial Rome. Knowing this, I have often said to myself, “If tho Southern soldiers worked one- tenth as hard for themselves as they did for the Confederacy, the sun iu his twen ty-four houis course would not shine on a land more glorious or successful. To say tho brave survivors of tho war did not work on their return homo would bo a slander, for the best soldiers are to day our most industrious and law-abiding eitizeus, aud it would bo equally unjust to say our planters, as a rulo, are lacking iu euorgy, for it is notorious that they do rnoro work for less compensation than any agriculturists iu the world, and per haps m food and rnodo of living they have as few of tho comforts us auy class of farmers, aud knowing this we should diligently seek tho causo of their yearly increasing poverty, and tho blight that seems to hang over the cotton States par ticularly. Since the war the cotton crop has not decreased, while tho expense of hired labor seems to have boon compen sated for by the higher price which cot ton has commanded. Never in any eight years of cotton eultnro iu the South has rnoro money been paid to tho produc speaking of him—that Colonel Calhoun's 1 of cotton thau iu tho time named, and never in tho history of this country have values in realty declined more rapidly or mortgages and liens been so resorted to by our planters to hold their heads over water. Iu eight yoars the effects of the war should have disappeared to a great extent, and our increase in wealth have been manifest over sixty-tiv.’ : but sad to J tell the country has been steudily growing niers of Russoll. Socially, Col. Calhoun j poorer, and farming degenerating from a iin* won hosts of friends among us, and nolj ' 6 profession into a game of chance. speech was humorous, elegant, touching nnd pathetic to the last degree. He un derstands exactly how to address himself to the occasion. He really seemed nnd talked like ono of us, aud his frauk nnd candid manner of speech will not soon bo forgotten by the good old honest fnr- The ladies desired to attest their appro- { cotton is raised that is uot peculiarly fit- ciatiou of him socially, by sending to ^ or 8 row ^ corn, roots nnd Mrs. Calhouu n basket of the choicest ^T ul *. n '’°vo any like area I know of. It . . _ , . . , should be tho land of milk and honey, fruits, cakes aud daiuties of tho feast, and By its rivers grow the fig, grape, peach, much disappointment was Lit when they orange aud pomegrauite; and ou its hills learned that he had gono home through tli0 a PP le » P ear » apricot, plum and cherry. tho country, iu a buggy, before tho I P’? ““ d on , U ’ wheat, with ,, | horticultural products of endlosa variety, seem to lmve fouud iu this regiou their proper home. By tho slopos of the Council adjourned. Patrons. mountains and in the valleys sheep, cat tle, hogs and horses can bo raised profita bly and in abundance. While spring and river, refreshing vaius aud a genial sun nourish alike the finest timbers of com merce, and deck tho land from nature’s hand with piyriads of fiowers that load the air with tnoir delicious odor, or please the eye with their ever-changing glories. Hero, suioly, man should attain his great est physical excellence ; here, surely, the gaunt hand of Want should uever be seen. But Waul has come, und in many of the most favored parts of this heaven-blessed land lean famine is to-day entering the , houses of the farmer?, and asking for the tribute ol dcuth. Is not this tme ? Why, iu this land, where the generous earth never refused to ruspoud wbeu appealed to for bread, there is net enough home made food to day to supply tho local de mand for three months ; and in many cases there is neither money nor credit to procure it, for there is a limit to liens, and land only bears one good crop of mortgages. Why is this ? A stranger hearing of it would say, “There has been a famine! the crops have failed!" Or another might Bay, “Dread storms havo ruined tho crops, or a pestilence has cut off the lubor necessary to raise them." But you, my friends, know both answers would be wrong. Food has grown wher ever it was planted. No general storm or sweeping pestilence has come to us, and even iu our great staplo that Providence, so oltcu tempted, has continued His goodness, for the cotton crop of tho year just closed will bo up to tho average of years called good. What, then, is tho cause of the poverty of which wo have heard so much ? Mauy men say the cause is tho difference between fourteen and sixteen cents for cotton, and you hoar on every hand, “We would have good times if cotton were selling for sixteen cents." No doubt men who talk iu this way be lieve whut they say ; but sixteen cents or twenty cents for cotton this fall, would only have postponed the impending dis aster—strengthened for a moment tho thread thr.t holds the Dutnoclouu sword above tho impoverished breast of the South. Ye men who, under the impulse of pat riotism, iiskod your lives for your coun try or mid your loved ones heroic sacri fice on livr altars, do ye know that it is ye ami no: war, or unjust legislation that has crushed and impoverished the laud ye would die to defend! If there bo a man within the boating of my voice, who owns and works land, and to-day feels the baud of poverty upon him, let him follow me and I will show him the cause of his dis tress, and if ho asks me for the author of his calamities, 1 will point to his heart and say “Thou art the man.” Lot him leave this assembly with me, aud I will go iu his own vohicle with him; it will be a battered and uninviting one, it will bo drawn by mules or horses so ill geared and poor that you will be astounded to learn they are mortgaged like the land through which they drag a shovel-nosed plow. Go with us as this man lends, over poorly made roads, by farms, some good, but tho majority delapidated, and at last ho will bring up before a house, without a particlo of ornament or attrac- tivencss about it, and so large that his family lives only in one half of it, and the balance looks us if it were haunted by tho departed spirits of good intentions. A score of hungry curs will greet you as you dismount, when hogs would pay a thou sand times as well. Chips, played-out tools, und a few ragged-tailod chickens take the place iu the front yurd where flowers should bloom. Fruit trees, there aro none, or if any they look like the ghosts of trees that died fruitless long years ago. Where there are so many dogs you will be sure to find a couple of shot guns in the house. And if you moot the good wife who has so hardly tried to do her part, she will always apologize for the attire of the children, and her own ap- pearauco. No wonder women get pnlo and prematurely old in such places. But it is not the husband’s fault. Ho is a sober, Christian man. lie loves his wife and little ones, und ull his hopes and dreams look to their huppiness. Follow him on his farm. You will see no fodder or hay stacks, no corn cribs filled with golden ears, no pig pens tilled with fat porkers, nu meadows embelished with bloating sheep or lowing kine, no stables with well-fed horses and mules, no barn, no orchard, no evidence of thrift, only a delapidated gin house, aud a cotton press that looks as if it could hold up its ach ing rheumatic arms no lougor. But ho will point you out the graves of his hopes, hundreds of acres of half cultivated, pooly forced cotton land, over which cat- terpillars aud worms have marched in tri umph, und these acres are mortgaged, and tbo crop that was uever made has against it liens that cry out to be satisfied. Is this a fancy picture? Do I exagger ate? Can you not point to a hundred such farms uud farmers ? Of Qourse you can ; and when 1 ask you as sensible men for the c.mse, you will, ono and all, as truo men answer, “cotton!" Yes, cotton, he is tho tyrant King that has too long lived on the life-blood of his subjects, who has impoverished them by dazzling dreams of wealth, aud sickenod the hearts of tho people by hope long deferred. I will not, however, throw the whole blame ou King Cotton, lie had, and still has, allies nearly as dangerous. Oue is ex travagance, the other false pride; and still another called inconsistency, which, whilo catering to the spirit of patriotism iu the planter's heart, gives him, on the other baud, a porfect contempt for South ern enterprises, Southern manufactories, indeed, for anything .Southern but King Cotton himself, and, then, this Kiug is fed by a food called fertilizers, which he demands from liis subjects, aud the more they feed him the thinner tho old King gets, and tho thinner he gets the more infatuated become his subjects, and to feed the King ou fertilizers they rob themselves of food. Now, I might go on indefinitely speak ing of our present and past condition, but mooting, as wo hope, for consultation, it would bo time foolishly spent, and tho only use in considering tho cause of our present poverty and depression, is to en able us tho better to lay successful plans for the future, and realizing thoso plans, “Let the dead past bury its dead." The argument iu favor of all cotton is tho most insinuating sophistry wo know of. It states its syllogism in this way : With tho same amount of work a mau can raise three times ns much cotton in money ns he can corn. He needs money; therefore he shonld raise cotton. Ibis sounds very well; but if the cotton crop were a mathematical certainty, as corn is, we might cousider it. To illus trate : It is just as if a geueral with lim ited transportation, on the eve of a cam paign, woro to say, “With the same amount of transportation I can bring to my command more men than provisions. I ncod men, therefore I will use all my transportation to bring them to tho front.' Tho man who made such an ar gument would uot be a general, but a fool; for provisions are just as necessary as men, and hi should transport them in proper proportions, and it is better to have ten thousand rations too much than fifty men too mauy. To continue this figure of speech, wo would say he was a bad commander who, having the certain means of keeping his supplies near him by a little more lubor, should, for tho sake of visionary ease, put, them away two thousand miles from h:s reach, where the merest accident would , cut them off. Yet this is what the plan ters have been doing. They have used all their carrying power for cotton, aud thoy havo got so far away from tti6ir base of supplies that, instead of finding them in their own camps, they have their corn- ( cribs in Iowa aud their smoko houses in Illinois. If tho case of the Southern planter were hopeless, it would be useless to talk or discuss tho causo of his poverty ; but, seeing plainly a remedy, I, as their friend, feel it to be my duty to cheer them in their new departure, ou the road of com won sense, with the goal of Buccess iu sight; and this, iu my opinion, is what should be done. First, There should bo a thorough or ganization of the farmois for mutual pro tection, improvement, aud consultation, and this end the Granges of the Patrons of Husbandry will realize. This organi zation is as legitimate as u board of trades or chamber of commerce, and much more essential, in that it protects the interosts of a greater number of people. Its se crecy prevents imposition, its meetings create sociability and woik a valuable interchange of thought, while its advice, if followed, must result in tho elevation of the farmer, and the formation of a brotherhood limited by no State line, and so generous in its formation and pure in its purposes that woman graces its meet ings with her presence, and cheers it with her joyous co-operation. Second, Tbero should be a determined resolve in the breast of every plnnter to sell more than ho buys, and where he buys to keep tho monoy in his own sec tion by purchasing, as far as possible, articles of homo manufacture. Certain groceries, and luxurious articles of dress, cuuuat be raised or manufactured bore ; but I remember during the war Southern girls felt a pride in their home-made dresses and palm-leaf hats—and this to make the South independent. Why can’t they evince the same self-denial and econ omy to make the South prosperous ? They were certainly as sweet aud kissable then in their plum attiro, and much better qualified to be good men’s wives than they are now iu dresses which their fathers cannot afford, and tho profitH on which go to enrich New York. Third, There should be a better system of agriculture thau lhat which now pre vails. 1 know you w ill argue that the old farmer, who has grown up with bauds fa miliar with the plow should know more about farming uud its necessities thau the young mau who in his life nevor turned a furrow. This I would confront by a sim ilar argument, and ask if tho laborer who digs a cut or works ou a railroad bridge should know more uboot railroading thau the trained engineer who could control the whole work from his office. I say, without fear of sensible contradiction, thut there are not five hundred docent plows iu the 8tute of Alabama, and thut out of these not ono halt of them plow ns deep us they should. Our farmers hive been tickling the land with little shovel-nosed plows, for nearly a hundred years, aud now they wonder why God d.es not make tho laud smile with a har vest as He did iu the days gone past, when tho fact of it is the lund is too old, dry aud shriveled to be tickled as it used to be iu its virgiu days. Now I believe there is a subsoil yet untouched, aud there nre thousands of rich farms covered by tho played-out surface soil, that for one generation has bet^p sick and exhausted, uud now it is nearly dead, and guano nnd patent fertilizers are not going lo revive it, uot even if you transport to the South all the Chinchu Islands. The best fertili zers in tho world, aud those found to work best in Europe, where such things are a study, are green manures, clover, peas, buckwheat, or auy other thick-growing nutritious vegetable that can bo relied uud plowed uuder deep. Two years of such cultivation would rej uviuate the land, particularly if after being plowed in well it were allowed to lie fallow for six mouths each time before planting. More caro should be taken in the saving of farm manures, and every stuble should be con structed so that the drainings would flow to a compost hoap. The land is very much like the mule that plows it, it will produco iu proportion to its care aud food und it should be fed regularly and intelli gently. You might us well expect u mule to grow fut by rubbing corn ou his back as lund to be rich by scattering on its sur face guano, or anyjother fertilizer. Tbo food of tho laud must be plowed in deep where the soil cun digest it. Fourth, You must make farming hon orable, aud tho only way this can be done is to show a love uud respect for this, tho noblest of callings, and tho best way to show your respect is to work yourself. We have too many bosses, and the best bossed farms South aro thoso that pay the least to their owners. Your hands will work better if yon work yourself, for it will raise their lubor to the dignity of the muster, aud they will not grumble whero they see their employer so willing to work himself. But you must show your res pect for agriculture in another way; teueh your children to bo proud of thoir father's calling, and to show their prido by fol lowing it. Instil iuto tho xniuds of your boys that it is better, more manly and useful to stand with bronzod face behind a plow than to stand with white hands be hind a dry goods counter. Show them that it is rnoro honorable to be a good farmer than a bad lawyer, and thatau indifferent young doctor boars no comparison to a stalwart young cultivator of the soil. Lot your girls marry farmers and thus ruiso up tho true aristocracy of the South, which must over be distinguished as an agricultural region. Do this aud ton yoars will not have passed before farmers’ sons, now starving or wai'ing for soft places at beggarly salaries in tho cities, will return to their homes to work. Fifth, Make your homes attractive. Beautify them with fruit and flowers ; raise as great a varioty of fruit and vege tables as you can to give variety to your tables and health to your bodies. En courage your children to read, and lot them have seasons of rational enjoyment. Make home tho most desirable place in the world by its being the most comforta ble, aud your sons aud daughters will not sigh for tho city. It may not become me, as a newspaper publisher, to suy eti- conrago your children to road, and road yourself, not only by procuring the best papers, but also by securing au abudant supply of good literature. Sixth. Get out of debt as quickly as possible, for the man in debt is the slave of his creditor, and nu honost man loses his independence in the presence of a man whom ho owes, and once out of debt resolve, with God’s help, that you will never purchaso another article that you caunot pay for, and you will soon see the effect of this resolution, if you earn’ it out. Now I might go on categorically aud fl dd sixth, seventh, eighth, and so on iu- difinitely, but I would only repeat what you all know just as well as I do ; and I have no doubt there are men within the hearing of my voice who will coincide with me, and express to their friends tho opiniou that my head is level; and some ot thoso men imagining that they have level heads themselves, aud just us shrewd as the shrewdest Yankee, will say to them selves, “Well, all my neighbors are in for ‘hog and hominy’ aud I will make by cul tivating every acre in cotton," and tho poor fools rise iu their own couceit, but they are simply, by their cunning, paving tho pathway to ruin. I My faith in the future of tho j South I have tried to Bhow by ; casting my lot with her. I see in tho no distant future the South freed from the : thraldom of New York aud her plauters freed from the slavery of debt and the bonds of ignorant culture. I see a South ern port obtaining tho money our section now gives to the great metropolis, and foreign ships whiteuing Southern ports with their anils, as they come to beur us the produce of their lands, or the la bors of their shops, and take back in ex change that fabric for which tho civilized world opens its purse—cotton. But the day is nearing, if we be but true to our selves, when, instead of shipping to for eign or Northern ports the I we can send them with profit m *****. I the manufactured article T ° Ur «elv* time, though I may have J Cau tt» ond you and your decendota aw »> State ©ml the cotton States of’th^ n ^ will be tbe recognized home of It ? lb of m.tnifnctnro; aud wten i cotton being King, cotton S 0| subject and the whole world , * «* 1 nee, for the world needs n "'''M with intelligent labor, wo caun^ 8 ,b *' I The day of drenmere, the d av 8 , tu ? 0r ‘ gogues and politician., i 8 uaL U (i 'M the day of earnest, honest ; '’■« I cotne, and it is for you, the f«T,„ r " in the hearing of iny voice ?"' ""t- whether you will lu^fo fiee ’ “ ‘Mt Follow out the coarse yon have l suing and your bled by visions of mortgages > p, irsuo tho pathway of honest, a u V'“' ■non sense, and you will live to i.' 0 ?' I South prosper; her mines worked H factories smoking with the dnstry; her fields well tilled” her 0 ^I eating home-made food Md wM home-made clothes, while their charity nre open to world. nea, l»n | IN MEMORIAE!. A Tribute to the Memory of Mri. MARIov DEU CUAPPKLI,, wife of homer Cliappo'n fc nnd daughter of Mojor und Mrj, M j „' formerly of Columhue, Oj. ' " U " “Stars have thoir time to sot lljs I... 1 And flowora rn without the North . I BUt D^“h|M a,t for “■’as „o, J Never do we so fully real xe tho nnntter ness of death a. when some yonn* 11*,*,“ initsmorulng-tlmoof youth und |m>ml lt _|! tltul In hope and huppiness—!s luddsul. p “from earth away." Never do wo so fcl ,* d !' noss of the “Valley . f Shadows" », , * pure face, bright with the reflex or no uncj*! heart, has loft us forever, and Income but m memory of a smile! lk * The subject of these brief lines, la wlio.odaao nm:iy loso a cherished friend, and a Bolls h.!’ their brightest household spirit, was lha l M | „ name—the last of a family euch member el vrhi b father, mother und sister, hud within the put l , years precede 1 her to tlm tomb-sad sUaladi'.! recently com. Iron, l.or Western homo in im„|, bo.ltfa, and to visit tho relations of her b„*J when a brief llluess was followed by |, er d which occurred on tho morning of the xad inn,, ut the roBldonco of the lion. A. It. Chappell. sad event was rendered muro palnrul by th. nemo of her htmbnnd. Only those who knew her boit nnd wboconli claim, lilco tho writer of tbi«, her ' kiutlly friendship, can know how uoble themiLi and heart which illumined her charuct r wia, two-fold radiunco. Gifted, beautiful, i„y*|j form and 'aco, (a fuco that seemed ever to tuii captive so:u« gentle thought), uaturu gave to bit a fairy dower of beauty und grace—but, brighter than these, brighter than f.tncy'a fl ub 0 r rp U &i/, ray, wsh that purity of heart which i< r «llw “blessed," the peace of the spirit. Her life was a broken wreath of IRireri, wktti Hope’s hand hud woven tho purple "luorniD;. glories” until Death took up the uufluished wrut! aud laid it on a grave ! “Friend after friend departs;— Who has uot lost a friend?" Aud yet, tho’ goue lienoe, forever gone, tlmr ory, like their heavenly spirits, luve “putouia mortality.” “They do uot die, Nor lose their mortal sympathy, Nor change tc ui, although they change.'* II.C.C. Ivj Men, liusiell county, Ala., Jan. 31.*/, 1874. Prices Reteet lo Slit Mi Sash, B#nds and-Doors, 8x10 Bush v lux I'd “ 12x14 “ 12x16 “ 12x18 “ 12x20 “ 12x21 “ nd glazed 20c per light 14c, 16c, 18c, Lip eash 2c por light additional. BLINDS 60c PER FOOT, measuriug iougtb ill three feet wide. ** 2 panel door*, \% in. thick, 3x7 feet, plain, $.'3 * “ “ “ 3x1 « . .3); Fifty cents per side for moulding doors extra. R. R. GOETCHIUS & CO. Corner St. Clair and .Jackson Sti., , , f , COLUMBUS, GEORGI A Administrator’s Sale. A GREEABLY to an order of the IIouoiaI !<• *! Court of Ordinary of Muscogee count.*,*' bo (old before the auction house of El.'is A IU” son, iu tho city of Columbus, on tho llratTucs-i. in March next, between tho usual hours ofir lota number* 216 and 216, in tho city of Columk und county of Muscogee, each containing one-Li of au ucree, rnoro or lctm, Haiti property Doinge roal estate belonging to Mathias Iturringor. ti tied. feb3 c sv4t HUGH KELLY, Adrn'f G eorgia — muscoqek county.-wi. It. F. Thoiuussou 1ms applied for Letter* *' Administration on tho estate of Fleming B. N»t dec- aaed; These arc, therefore, to clto and admoniilu nud singular, tho kiudrod and creditors of *■ deceased, to be and appear nt my office within tb time proscribed by law and show cause (if anyth* have) why said letters should not bo grauted. Given under my baud uud official signature, tU February 2d, lb74. feb3 oaw4t* F. M. BROOKS. Ordinary^ Muscogee Sheriff Sale. U 1LL be sold on tho first Tuesday in April wR betwoeu tho logal hours of talc, before tlf auction house of Ellis A Harrison, Uroad itr* Columbus, Ua., the following deocril-cd properi? to-wlt: Ail that tract or parcel of land lying andbdst in the county of Muacogcc, und iu tho North*'’- Literths and adjoining tho North Co inou*of 'b city of Columbus, and known in the plan of it* Northern Liberties us lot number forty fi«- 4 fronting on Jackson street 147 feet 10 iechr*,« ; tunning back cunt 147 feet lu inebu- 4 , uu-roor **•*■ hs tho property of Hampton Bentou, tiuatcc, dti *- Agues lb nton. Fold by virtue of n mortg»K« 6 “ issued by the Superior Court of the ceoutj ‘ , - Muscog<e. Also, at the same time und place, ull flat in' or parcel ot laud lying aud being iu thef".’■ Columbus, In Mild county, and known i" the pin of said city as lot number ouo hundred and thirl* five, (136) contuiniug oue-nuartor of au act*, or loss. Levied ou ah the property of A. H. L*** trustee, by virtu® of u mortgage fi fa issued *• Superior Court of Muscogee county. iob3 oawXm II. 0. IVEY, Muscogee Sheriff Tax Sales W ILL be sold on tho first Tuesday io next, between the legal hours of front of the auction house of Ellis A ll»rii> Uroad Htrcot, Columbus, Ou., the following den' ed property, to-wit: . . One hundred nnd seven acres of land iu th* outh district of Muscogi-e county, as the prop* ot 1*. M. Morrison, to satisfy a U f» issued l*»r paid Mato and county taxes for 1873. If Alto, nt same t»me and place, the north h*". lots of laud 347, 348, 72 uud 73, iu the city of * lumbun, fronting on Jackson street, tw the erty of John D. Carter, to satisfy a d h* >° r “ B1 tux 01 for 1872 und 1873. . fob t oaw4t H. 0. IWi 91,cr Muscogee Sheriff Sale. u 1I.L ho soM on tue first Tnvstlay i» J*"':* >> n xt, b itwo n the legal hour* of \ front t)f >71]Iw A iUrrlaon’s auction room, t” street, Columbus, Ua., tho following dw fn Ono hundred shares of stock iu the Homo Building, nud upon the land U P 0U -T, standi, os the property of Johu L. Property pointed out by said Mustaiu. Also, upon a certain lot, with in;pr° thereon, said lot known iu the plan of ColumluuHs lot number two hundred auu /, seven, (227) ns the property of 8oab«r ceased, fcuid lot poiuted out by Fca 1 ning, adu.iuistn ig. administrator of Soaboru Jones, dt»c ' ' . 11.0, at the same time aud pines, the o 10* ‘ d to-wit • All that tra t or parcel **“ ... , lyirg and being iu the county of Mj*“ isistiug of all that portiou of lot H. G. 1VKY, 8h* r>s