Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

THE ,/•-> ■ ■ BRUXG'-a ex. '... Wednesday, February 27. 1801. tj— jji ••..• -• • « -»?T- u-<r»- v whip wr Agents The following naiml perrons are :■ -i ■ thorizntl to act as our .•'.gents anil receipt I for any money due us. Cui. 11. R. Fort, \\ uvneville, Mr. Frohock, JoHersonton. i Rev. F. M. Smith. 'Traders Hill. Rev. W. 11. Thomas. Wnrc=horo. Wu.i.iam Hovis. I lolmosviile, Rev. \ . \\ ooi.i ! \. Savannah, D. J. 11oi.t.owv. Tlioina>\ die. lion. A. E. (’ochrax. Macon. Dr. J. R. Ci.t \ i t axn. Gridin. The Convention. By ref< mice to another column, it will he se< ii tiiat the President ol the Slate ' Convention. Mr. ('rawford, has issued a .call lor a meeting of the ('onvention at Savannah on Thursday the 7th of March, proximo. Municipal Elect lor. The meeting called for last Saturday evening, to nominate on .Midales for May or and Aldermen for the ensuing munici pal year, a ijoiatied ore ;o this evemng. the 21 th. at < 1-2 o c .c;<. \\ e hope there will tie a lull at ten nee. and t.lin a ticket will be s I'C'e.l which will give sat faction to ;,:1 t • enters. \\ e .are proud to know : Im: the potty local partics,whith were a curse to our con-inn. v in times past, are entirely extinct. \< a commu nity. we are now tree from the disturb ing elements which formerly existed, and we now have peace. M y there be no more strife. The Cabinet, Tee full >wing appointments have been made by Tie-' d- ' • D;u. •• .-.ml confirmed bv the Pro; < al t’miaress: T or S •'remry <>t State—lion. Robert To nn’ oft leorgia. Secretary of the Treasury—Hon. C. (r. Mominger. of South Carolina. Secretary of War—lion. L. Pope A\ alker. of Alabama. All good men and trite. The Confed erate States i : America, with such men at the head of a ".hrs. is de ’ined to take a prominent position among the nations ol the earth. .May all future selections be as wise and prudent 1 The President‘s Inaugural. Our readers will find in'another col umn, the Inaugural address of President Davis. It Jias the rmg of the pure metal. It is the production of a wise statesman and a brave soldier—rare Qualifications combined, which eminently fit him for the high politic n to which ho has been ’"'called in tin's critcal juncture of affairs.— The position suits the man. and the man suits the positon ; and we are much de ceived it lie docs nos conduct the ship of State safely owr the tempestuous sea of our p di*:cal troao’es. we are pleased to see that the inaugural gives universal satisfaction to our frit nds and dissatisfai - lion to our enemies. The X. Y. /W thinks the President ought to be fired from the mouth of a cannon, and we join the Savannah Bymblirci! in the invitation to the editor to come over ami do the loading. Launched, The scho- nor Five Brothers, built bv Capt. C. M. Flanders, was launched on yesterday icrmng. She is a good sized sliocner with amido accommodations for pa.-i-ng -iCopt. '• iamiot's merits the thank's of the o immunity for thus <](-ni onstratirg the pr; cti< r 'Hit vof >]iip build ing at tins point, ami introducing a bu.-i --ness which mav •• ■ made profitable. It is high time the Southern people Were looking to th -.r independence oi Northern ship owner- for transportation : and we inv;t ■ the attention to this point as a suitau; • location for this branch of industry. Here material, of the be-r ' quit! :y, may 1. obiained in abundance, amt good health enjoyed all the year round—an important item to be taken into considera'ion in the selection of a location for that business. The Question of Reduction, The State (.’onvention, which was call ed, by an act of the Legislattn e, to con sider “the manner, measure and time of resistarlce to .\ortliern aggro;;-tun on the cciistitut lomd rights of Ihe South. nd no other, solar forgot, or wholly disre garding, the authority by which they were called together, appointed a .C'.oni .niittee to report a plan for the reduction of the representation in the Legislature of the State. \\ e have only time and .-pace n •to cuter our proto.' again - . uch action, and to sav that, taking mto consideration the fact that such a measure was defeated before the la-‘ Lego'.C ure, and its friends faded to incorporate such authority in the act calling t ho (.onvention. and, fur ther. that, no such question was before the people in the election of delegates s o the Convention, to pass an ordinance of .reduction would be an usurpation un heard of before in a latitude a far South .as Georgia, we lave our views on the I question cf reduction, and may refer to I the subject again ; but we earnestly in sist that, when the delegates have done the work thev were commissioned to do, they will adjourn and return to the peo ple, whose servants they fire. k The Twenty-second. The birth day of \\ ashingion wn ; duly I 1 celebrated by the military companies of 1 I his countv. The Brunswick Riflemen, ('apt. liar- i ri.:. formed at their drill roofn ar ten t clock A. M. and paraded through tbe j principal streets, the admiratitm of all be- ; holders. The company‘then contended, ' ,11! target shooting, for a line silver cup. ' presented by the mm-eoimnissioned ol'ii- . cers. which was won by private l Berrien Moore; his three shots averaging about ‘ seven inches. The prize was presented . by ('apt Harris in an appropriate and we'l conceived speech, in the presence of i a large number of gentlemen ami ladies. The company tired a salute and was dis i 'The Riflemen made a splendid appear ance and well maintained its character i for etlieienev in drill. W e here repeat what we have said on a former occasion; The Kitlemen are the best drilled eompa pany of its age in the State. If is an honor to the citv and State: and though it has been heretofore overlooked by the ant liorit ies, it will bo found ready and willing to meet the enemy and to do eilieient service m delcneeol our com mon country. 'The Glynn Guards. Capt. Dent, we understand, paraded, with full ranks, at their parade ground, near Mi. Plea-ant. (b their performances we arc not able to speak, as we did not witness them. W e : understand, liowever, that the dav pass ed oil’pleasant Iv with. them. The Guards ! are a line company ami hold themselves m readiness for any exegeney that mav aibe. Success to the military of Glynn. Are we Ready ? Mr. Bartow, our immediate lit presen tative in the Provisional Congress, stated in debate the other dav. that the Confed erate States were fully prepared with arms, munitions of war and well drilled soldiers to resist an invasion—and a sufli cient amount of money to emibio us to i maintain the honor and independence of this Government, let, it be assailed from whatever quarter it may—though it be within twenty days, ,1s there not some danger to bo apprehended from our own confidence in our ability to cope with our enemies and our feeling of security ? Are we as well prepared to meet the powerful army and navy of the I’nited Slates as we ought to. and might, be?— we think not. j'hpf. wo are prepared to hold our enemies in eheck till wo can pre pare for a campaign, we confidently be- ‘ iieve : but is it wise to act on such an ex pectation ? \\ here are our armies and I navy? Tlie soutliern coast is unprotect ed—we have no forts. The few forts on our coast, w4th two or three exceptions. ■ are in the possession of our enemies.— < 'an we rely <n the volunteer force of the country, to be called at a moments warn ing from their business? We think not. They are brave, and. with expei ience, will do efficient service ; but before thev can be called together the enemy mav take possession of all our sea-ports, and the South become demoralized and greatly weakened. The volunteer companies on , tlm sea-coast, who must bear t he brunt of the first assault, are without amnnition and arc, otherwise, unprepared for war. — e speak for the volunteers of tins eonn ‘y. The Riflemen, to say nothing oftiie mperf' Ciioiis of their guns, are without amunitii n and scabbards t'er their sabre bayonets, being compelled, while march u:g, t<i carrv their bavoi els on their gun,-. Tine, a regular army is being enlisted. ; rmt before that can be done and the men properly drilled, the enemy will bedown I upon us or the danger will have entirely passed. Lincoln will, immediately upon his accession, send the force! of the Gov- , eminent against the South, or lie w]| a bi.ndon, altogether, his fanatical purpose ul coercion. it is highly probable ■ lint by the first of April we shall ■ < ngageri in a war the end of which no man can see. I't -rmd vigilance is the , price of liberty. Expense should not cm i icr int« the calculation—let it cost what, i ■ it may wc- sliotild be fullv prepared for the worst, though it may never come.— \ By prompt and efficient preparation, the ; storm may be averted, as our enemy will ; Imsifiite, when he sees us well prepared, | before he will venture an attack- upon us. Had we the command of the forces of * the South, we would call out the entire s n ngth and place it immediately in the field under skillful and efficient officers, and allt.be vcsselsin our harbors, capa ble of being coir. crted into war vessels would be immediately armed and man , nod: and then, if fight we must, we would dictate the terms of peace from the capitol at Washington 1 These suggestioncoming from an humble source, may he disregarded, but tb.ev aie the honest convict,ions of our own judgeimnt. Wed vou.l,- pray the necessity may never arise for such ac tive measures, though, we confess, with | out hope. Reprisals. The following vessels, says the Savan nah A'etz;.? of the 22nd, were \ csterday seized, under orders from Gov. Brown, and a detachment of the Phoenix Rifle men placed over them : Ship 11 .io/. ('apt. Ilinkley. ('oil igned to Messrs. Brigham, Baldwin \ Co. Bark ('apt. Enelo. Consign- ed to Mtiller and Miehels. Brig Harold. (’unsigned to W. B. G des A ('o. We have been unable, to learn aulhora tively the immediate can-ie of this siez tire, hut presume it was in consequence of the continued, refusal of Superintend ent Kennedy to deh\ er up the Georgia : guns, according to promise. As the Soul hern Congress have already I elected a President of I lie (’onfederate I States, it will be scarcelx. ■‘.nagmed. we ! trust, that Gov. Brown is Irving to ‘•bring some'h’.m’ - from M citgomerv this lime. $OBll. W Asm XG'rox, Feb. 19.—'The Force Bill ol Mr. Stanton, oi Ghi<«, was taken up in the I louse to-day, causing an earn est debate and intense cxciti'ment. Another bill was introduced, the dis tinctly avowed object, of which is to place within the power ami real h of the Presi dent. all the military forces that, can he obtained from the regular armv in sixty da vs. li is declared by its fiiends I hat the purp< <e of this bill is to defend the public property, resist the march of south ern armies, and subjugate the revolution ists. and at the same lime blockade the ports of the seceding States. In reply to a question, Air. Stanton said he did not deem it uncom litutional to close the ports in the manner prescri bed bv tin* '.'ill. Mr. Bocock. of Virginia, styled this hill an open declaration of war. and said if it ; was passed, he wanted the people of the South to prepare for this issue. Mr. Burnett, of Kentucky, proposed that the Democrats should come to a •‘dead lock ’ on House business, and sit conlinously until (he 4th of March, re sorting to Parliamentary tactics to defeat the bill. Mr. Sick’.is, < f New York, said that was unnecessary, as Air. Lincoln has ex pressly declared ‘‘there wa.- no cause for alarm :'ud ‘‘nofiody was hmt. Amid great excitement, confusion and s deep fooling the Bill was carried over to I be considered to morrow. It, is doubt ful whether it will pass the Senate. The P: e.-ident ha< gix'en assurance that he v. ill sign no such bill. In the Peace Confer.'iice to-day the Commiitee report avils diseased. Also. ! the prono.-iimi- to establi h slavery south of 3(5 deg. 39 min., not incln ling future acquisitions. Xo definite conclusion ha boon arrived at. Air. Lives, of \ irgin'-'. implored the (’enferenco to come to a vote on the sub ject to day He said ho believed it would be adopted, to-morrow. The special (.’ommitle ■ of five have a j greed to report a resolution to the Mouse, ■ censuring tin- See: etaiy ofthe Navy for accentin'! the resignations of Officers of the Xiivyfrom Ilh‘ scucidng States, when they wore in open hostility to the Gov ernment. Imporiani froai Fort Pickens. Tor. oa n, d attack A-/ tc-. lrc lum lrcd iacii Lieut. Gilman, one ofthe officers in command of Fort. Pickens, arrived at Washington on \\ ednesdav evt ninii’. will- dispatebos from Liem. Slemmer am! the comminutor oi vessel ; oil Pensacola, to lhe Government, lie left Pensacola or. Saturday evening, having r. ceived a 'passport from Alajor Chase, who is m command ofthe Florida troops, lie savs the following vessels arc off the I.arbor: the Brooklyn, .Sabine, St. Louis, Macedo man and the Wyandotlc. The Brook lyn did not land her supplies for Fort Pi'-kim-'. Lie;it. Slemmer having notified them that h ■ had ample supplies for three months. There are twelve hundred troops at Pensacola, ami they are f hrialening eve ry hour to make an attack on Fort Pick mis. Il is al! that Alajor ( base and oth ers can do to restrain them. Leiut. Gilman says he would not be snrpiised it an attack was made at any mcmeiit, and it is very pro!,'able, owing to the limited number in llie fort, that they would take it before the Brooklyn could throw her troops into the fort. If they take it at all, lie says they can take it in thirty or forty minutes; but there will be a fearful loss of life even at that, ihe hcali h ol the officers and men on board of the vessels is good. Lieuts. Gil man and Slemmer are the only officers who are now in command at Fort Pick ens. — Baltimore Sun. I Ail l.c/ !■'.> eoiilinac til I'orce certain ijUU'i <>/ the I . N. •>/ ica.. Jin it enacleil by the ConAeilerate States oj America in Conyressassernbled ) Timt mill laws of the I 'nited States ol' A nierica in force and in use in the Con federate States of America on the Ist day oi November last, and not incon sistent wit] t the Constitution of the said Confederate States, 'be and the same tire hereby continued in ibred nuiii repealed or altered by the Con gress. Signed HOWELL COBB, President ofthe Congress. j certify that this Act passed the Con gress on the ninth dav ol February, 1861. J. J. HOOPED, . Secretary ofthe Congress. An ad tocxeiiiplfi'oiii duty certanii com inodtlies llicre.iu. iiaiiicdy and Jorother purposes. Be it enacted by the Confederate Stales oj America in (Jonyress Tiiat the foilowing articles shall be exempt from duty, and admitted free into the Sttites, to-wit: bacon, pork, hams, lard, beef, fish of all kinds, wheat and Hour of wiieat, and flour of all other grains, Indian corn and meal, barley and barley dour, rye and rye Hour, <>ats and oaf meal, gunpowder and all Ihe I materials of \, hich it is made, lead iiu 'all forms, arms ol every description, | and m uni I ions of war, and military} I accoutrements, percussion caps, and living animals of all kinds, also, all agriculiural products in their rm,turn] state. Sec*. 2. And he it farther enacted, d’r. I , 'Thai all good>, wares and merehan- I N dize imported from a.nv one oj' tin 1 late Fcited Slab's of America, not being now a member of this Copfcd eraev, into this Confederacy, before I th(' -Ith day of March next, which may have been bond, fide purchased heretofore, or within ten days after r the passage of this act, shall be e.%- > . empt and free from duty. Sec. 3. Aml he it further enacted, <l‘c. , riirtt tin' Slate of '1 exas be, and it is hereby exempt from the operation of the Tarili laws, heretofore passed or adopted by this Congress. Signed H()\\ ELL COBB, President ofthe Congress. I certify that the foregoing is a cor , j rent copy of the original Act on file . in my olllcc, and which passed Con . gross on tin* 18th dav of February,- 'lß6l. J. J. HOOPER, Secretary ofthe Congress. ! • .in m‘l tn c<nth niw m Office the Officers . con nected, ic/th the collection of the eiis torns in the ( l onfederate States o/ vl- mcriea. i 1 Section 1. lie it enacted by the Con- ■ federate States tn Congress assembled, 'That lhe several olficers who, at the 1 time of th. 1 adoption of the Con -1 stitution of the Provisional Govcrn ■' ment of these States, held and oxer- - eised any olliee connected with the • collection of the custom-;, duties and ! imposts in the several States of this Confederacy, or. as Assistant 'Treas urers, entrusted with keeping the money arising therefrom, are hereby i appointed to the several ofliees which, . at ihe said dale, they respectively; i- held : and they slud! have the same I powers, be subject to the same duties 1 and be entitled to the same salaries, > fees and emoluments a-; are set forth. 1 and provided in and by the laws of the I niti'd States of America, until 1 the first day of Apj-il next. Provid ed, That the maximum of compensa tion which each collector shall re ceive, from all sources, shat] not .ex ceed the rate ol So.OOt) per annum. | Sec. 2. Each collector so appoint ed shall within two weeks from the 1 > dale ol t’ds Aci. execute to the Con - fed crate Xt.itcs of- l’.ih rica ;• bond in I the same amount and snbjvt toa like c mditit.n with Ins last fondq to the i nited S: .tes ol America, withsecu- ■ ritie ;to be aitprov.wi by Judge of '' Superior or Circuit Courtofthe State ■ where such collector is 1- ited. And 1 'a di of the other oifieers shall, within one ww'!-.' after the coiioeb -r shall have entered upon the oi -ii nge of h:s du- , ties, execute to the Confederate States ~ of America a bond in llie same a-, mount and subject to the like condi- i tion with his la; t bond to the United j States of ,America, in case ho was re (piired to execute a ’ o;id, with sure i ties to be approved by t'ae collector j of the port where such olltcer is loca ; ted. Sec. 3. The said several officers shall take an o;ch before a magistrate ; well and faithfully to discharge the ' duties of his oiliee, and to snjiport } the Constitution of the Provisional Government ofthe Confederate States of v\ merica: which said oatli shall be endorsed upon the bond, and the bond ; shall bo filed in the office ofthe Sec- ! rotary ofthe Treasury, or in such other place as he may direct. HOWELL COBB, President ofthe Congress. Congress, I'eb. 1-1, 1861. 1 certify that the foregoing is a cor rect copy of a resolution adopted this' dav by the Congress of the Confeder ate States of America. J. J. HOOPER, Secretary oi the Congress. .1 j a solution to Continue in office the Of ficers of the customs. sal red by the (Snjederate States in ' (Amyress assembled, Tiiat, until other wist' provided, that the several olficers ■ connected with the collection of cus toms. duties and imposts in the sev eral States of this Confederacy, bo and they arc hereby confirmed and • , continued as officers of the Govern-i 'ment of the Confederate States ol' v America, with their pre cut salaries tend emolument, until the first dav of April next; and that the Secretary ; of the 'Treasury be instructed to re port to Congrc.--.-; a plan, to go into ei feet at said date, whereby the expen- : ses of collecting the revenue at each j i custom house shall be diminished at ; least fifty per cent. HOWELL COBB, President of the Congress. i Congress. Feb. 1-1, 1861. 1 certify thatthe foregoing is a cor-■ rectcopyofan Act passed this day by t.ie Congress ol the Confederate States of America. .1. J. HOOPER, Secretary ol the Congress. • j . I licsolution. liesolvedby the Confederate States of >' Aimricu m Conyress assembled, That > i the President ol Congress instruct i the col lectors of the Several ports of i ■ this Confederacy, to enforce the ex isting revenue laws agiinst all for- ' ei m countries, excel t the State of Texas. HOWELL COEB, President of the Congress. j I certify that the foregoing is a correct copy of 1 he original resolutiW lon Hie in my office, and which was Ajidopted by Coiigrcsson the 16th day I of ' * J. J. I [(TOPER, Secretary of the Cqpgress. Provisional Congress. Montgomery, Ala. j February 21, 1861. J ( The Convcnfion met at noon. 'The journals of yesterday were read ’ I and confirmed. Mr. Chilton, of Alabama, said he had two communications, sent to him . | by a scientific gentleman—one in re- | j lation to cast iron cannon and the I ! Otho 11 iIL ■ fciitlcman lias a Iran render rilled cast iron guns fully! j'qual to and perhaps superior to the! Armstrong gun. He desires to try • the experiment, and demonstrates to the committee of Military affairs, the . excellency of his cast iron guns. — j One of these communications was re- I ferred to the Military Committee and the other to the Committee 6n Pat- I ! cuts. Mr. Fearn, of Ala., presented a com- i munication from Mr. Marshal, on the . subject of metal eastings, which with out reading was referred to the Mili tary Committee. Mr. T. R. R. Cobb, of Ga., offered the following resolution, inquiring in- I to the expediency of an export duty on I cotton. Ifrsolved, 'l’hat the Committee on Finance lie instructed to inquire into i the expediency of laying an export duty on all raw cotton which maybe exported from the Confederate Slates I i to any foreign country, by any other ’ ■ channel than through the seaports of this Confederacy. Mr. Cobb said: I propose merely, Mr. President, to refer that resolution to the Finance C< immittee at this time. 1 am not prepared to discuss the pol icy of levying such a duty. That we t have the power to do so there can Lie i no doubt. I apprehend that we arc j conscious of the power we hold in our hands, by reason of producing : that staple sq necessary to 1 lie world. ' I doubt not that power will exert an I influence greater and mightier than: armies and navies. We know that by an embargo we could soon place, not only the L'nited States, but many I of the European powers, under the necessity of selecting between such a ' recognition of our independence. as | we require, or domestic convulsions ' at home. The inf wmation in our possession, seems to justify such an : enquiry as the re.-olution proposis.— ■ It is a fact, that, some of the cotton now produced in tfiis Confederacy, is already .-•'■•king a new channel to the . sea. We are inforjned that at Pitts burg, Pa., more than 20,000 bales of i cotton have already been received, anc conveyed thither up the sippi and (Ohio rivers. We are also informed that more than 20.000 bales ' ,of cogon from Rome have been sent I by rail road to seek a port at Nor folk and Alexandria. \\ e are furth er informed that the Directors of the i Railroads. communicating with the! principle lines in our Territory, are now concerting schemes for the pur- ♦ i pose ol reducing freights on those . roads, in order, in that wav, to entice ’ our cotton to market in Northern ' ports. ; The result of such a course, if suc cessful, would in the first place nec essarily be to make the blockade ol‘ our ports a, matter ol no importance I jto foreign nations. 2d. It would de ! stroy all commerce with our own sea ports —and thirdly and most impor- ■ taut of all. it would compel us to re ceive ail the imported goods we might, need, after 'paying duties on them in New York City. These considera tions have induced me to oiler this resolution of inquiry. Ido not think ] that the resolution should elicit dis-j (Mission at the present time, but after the Committee have made their re port, it may become a grave matter for the consideration of this body. The resolution was adopted. Mr. Shorter, of Ala., Chairman of • the Committee on Engrossments, re- | ported as duly enrolled and ready for the signature of the President, the , following Acts: An Act to determine the salaries of Vice President and the heads of Depart merits. I An Act to organize the heads of De partments. An Act to organize the Department ol State. An Act to establish the Navy De- \ pertinent. An Act to establish the War Depart i ment. j An Act to organize and establish an Executive Department,to be known asilie Department of J usticc. An Act. to establish the Post C Hico Department. , On motion Congress went into so- |. cret session. Congress adjourned about three o clock. None of the business transacted was made public, with the exception of the confirmations ol’ a portion of ; the Cabinet. There were no other nominations made to Congress, to : day by the President, than the fol j lowing: l or Setrotary of State, Hon. Robt. Toombs, of Georgia. • Secretary ol the Treasury, Hon. C. ; G. M ‘ ii ninger, of S. Carolina. Secretary of War, Hon. L. Pope Walker, oi' Alabama. «he foregoing nominations were confirmed, and Congress I until to-morrow 12 o’clock. ■ INAUGURAL ADDRESS OF D’avis, the Capitol in Montgomery o/a February X&lh, 1860, at 1 o'clock., P. 3/, Gentlemen of the Congress of the Con federate States of America — Friends ami Fellow-citizens: ! Called to and rcspon i siblc station of Chief Executive of the Provisional Government which you ! have instituted, 1 approach the dis charge of the duties assigned to me I withan humble distrust of inyabilities but with a sustaining confidence in j the wi.4lom of those who are to guide iand aid me inihe administration of huublic affairs, and an abiding faith in Be virtue'rind patriotism of the ]>eo Looking forward to the speedy es tablishment of a permanent Govern ment, to take the place of this, and i which by its greater moral and physi ; cal power, will be better able to com bat with the manv difficulties which may arise from the conflicting intcr ' ests of separate nations, 1 enter upon i the duties of the office, to which 1 have been (•boson, with the hope that the beginning of our career, as a Con federacy, may not be obstructed by hostile opposition to our enjoyment of the separate existence and inde pendence which we have asserted, and with the blessings of Providence, intend to maintain. Our present con dition, achieved in a manner unpre cedented in the history of nations, il lustrates the American idea that Gov ernments rest upon the consent ofthe governed, and that it is the right of the people to alter or abolish Governments whenever they be come destructive ofthe ends for which they were established. The declared purpose of the com pact of I nion from which we have withdrawn, was "to establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the I general welfare, and secure the bless ings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity;' and when, in the judg i ment oi the Sovereign States now | composing tins Confederacy, it had ; been perverted from th > purposes for which it was ordained, and had ceas >•■l I<> answer liie ends for which it i wig cst -.bushed, a peaceful appeal to the ballot-box demure I, so far as they 1 were cmicerned. the goermnehf er.- ■ ated by t hat eompm-t should cease to exist. In this they merely asserted a riglii. which the f>celaration of In- I dependence oi 1.776. had defined !o be muoiemible. (H'lhe time and oc casion for its exercise, they, as sover eigns, were the final judges. tach for itself. 1 lie impartial and ( nliyhten ed verdict of mankind will vindicate the rectitude of our conduct, and Ho who knows the hearts of nun will judge of The sincerity with which we labored to preserve toe 'government 'of o‘ur lathers in its spirit. The right solemnly proclnmie 1 at the birtii of the States, and which has b. e i as- ■ firmed and re-afiirmed in the hill of i Rights of states siihso.o.icntlv admit ted into the Ihiion of 1786, m.denia- 1 bly recognized, in the people, the • |power to resume the authority dele- ’ , gated -or the pnrpo. es of government. , Thus the Sovei eign States here rep- I resented, proceeded to form this Con i federacy, and it is by abuse of lan- . i guago mat their act has been domi- \ nated a revolution. Thee formed a new alliance, but within eayli State its i government has remained, the rights j i of person and property have not been . disturbed. The agent through whom j tliev communicated, w ith loremu ua- i lions is changed, but this dees no, necessarily interiipt their mternation- • al relations. Sustained by the consciousness that ■ the transition from tin- former I nion to the present Confederacy has not \ proceeded from a disregard on our ' part of just obligations, or any fail are to perform ev< ry constitutional duty—moved by no interest or pas sion to invade the rights of others— anxious to cultivate jieace and com- ' inerce with all nations, if we may hope to avoid war, we may at least: expect that posterity will acquit us' ol having needlessly engaged m it.— ; Doubly justified by the absence of wrong on our part, and by waiilon i aggression on the part of others, there i can be no cause to doubt that the courage and patriotism ofthe people ! of the Confederate States will be found equal to any measure of de- ) icnce wnich honor ami security may require. An agricultural people—whose: chief interest is the export of a com modity required in every country — our true policy is peace, and the free cst trade which our necessities ■will permit, ft is alike our interests, and that oi all those to whom we would sell and from whom we would buv, that there should be the fewest prac ticable restrictions upon the enter change of commodities. There can be but little rivalry between ours and any manufacturing or navagitino community, such as* the Nortmcast° ern States of the American Union. It must follow, therefore, that a mu tual interest would invite good will and kind offices. If, however pas sion and lust of dominion should cloud the judgment or inflame the ambition of those States, we must picpaieto meet the emergency and maintain, by the lii a' arbitran ent of the sword, the position which we have assumed among the nations of the earth. We have entered upon the career of independence, and it must be inflexibly pursued. Through many years of controversy, with our late associates, the Northern States, we have vainly endeavored to secure trampiility, and to obtain respect for the rights to which we were entitled. ■ As a necessity, not a choice, we have resorted to the remedy of separation; and henceforth, our energies must be directed to the conduct of our own affairs, and the perpetuity ofthe Con federacy which we have formed. If a just perception of mutual interests shall permit us, pcacably, to pursue separate political career, my most earnest desire will have been fulfilled. But, if this be denied to us, and the integrity of our territory and juris diction be assailed, it will but remain • for us to appeal to arms and invoke the blowings of providence on a just cause. As a consequence of our new con dition, and with a view to meet an ticipated wants, it will be necessary* to provide for the speedy and effici ent organization of branches of the Executive Department, having special charge of foreign intercourse, finance, military affairs, and the postal ser vice. For purpose of defence, the Con federate States may, under ordinary circumstances, rely mainly upon their militia, but it is deemed advisable in the present condition of affairs, that there should be a well instructed and disciplined army, more numerous than would usually be required on a I peace establishment. I akso suggest ' that for the protection of our harbors and commerce on the high seas, a na vy adapted to those objects will be re quired. These necessities have doubt- • less engaged the attention of Con gress. With a Constitution differing only from that of'our lathers, in so far as' it is ex; 1 natory of their well known intent, freed from the sectional con flicts which have interfered with the pursuit of the general welfare, it is unreasonable to expect that States from which we have recently parted may seek to unite their fortunes with ours under the government we have instituted. For this your Constitu tion makes ample provision : but be yond this.il 1 mistake not the judgmnt and will of the people, a reunion with the Slates from which we have sepa rated is neither practicable nor desira : bio. To increase the power, de vclope the resources, and promote the hap : pincss of the Confed racy, it i < requi | site that there should be so much of . homogenity that the welfare oi' ev : erv portion shall be the aim of’ the whole. \\ here this does not exist, , antagonisms are in <mlcrcd which : must and .-honid io: all in schura tion. Ac: liaftxi solely by the de.-iro to • preserve oar own rights and ptoniote •■our own welfare, the separation ofthe |ConlederatcStates has been marked I by no aggression up< a others, and fol lowed by no domestic coiivmeon. I Our industrial pursuits have n.ceivid no check—the cuhivatk n of our i finals has pf-ogressc 1 as h. rctofbre I and c. ca should we be involved m war, th,er.' would Lo no considerable I diminutioi) in the prodmaion oi’ the stapes v hick have constituted our • exports, and wmc.i liic comim rcial I world has an ini'r ■■■ | : • ! - ! - i 'iy < ! than our .own. This common interest of the pro . . dm er and coiiisumcr, can only be in- ■ terrupted by an exm. h w force, which ; should obstiuct its trm;.-mis ? ion to ii- icign mm xcts—-a coms oi conduct i wh:ch would be as unjust towards us . as :t \ouio be < ;ctr. mem a 1 to inanu lacturiiig and commercial interests aj road. , Should reason guide the ac tion ol tne Government ii'om which . we have separated, a policy so detri : mental to the civilized world, tjic I Northern States included, could not . be dictated by even the strongest de ls! re to inflict injury upon us; but otherwise, a, terrible resi.onsibility ' will rest upon it, and the suffcrino of millionswill bear testimony to °the folly and wickedness of ou'r aogres- ■ sors. _ In the mean time, them‘'will lemam to us, besides the ordinary means before suggested, the well known resources of retaliation upon ■ the commerce of an enemy. Experience in public stations of subordinate grade to this which your ! kindness has conferred, has taught i mi thaccaie, and tod, and disappoint ment are the price of olliciaU eleva tion. <m will see many errors to forgive, many deficiencies to tolerate, ’ but you shall not find in me either a want ol zeal or fidelity to the cause that is to me highest in hope and of most enduring affection. Your gen eiosity has bestowed upon mean un deserved distinction: one which I neither sought nor desired. Upon the continuance of that sentiment, and upon your wisdom and patriotism, I icly io direct and support me in the pei fin mance ot the duty required at my hands. A c have changed the constituent pai ts, but not tuc system of our gov ernment. The Constitution formed b\ our fathers is that of these Confed erate States, in their exposition of it; and in tiie judicial construction it has received, we have a light which re veals its true meaning. Thus instructed as to the just in terpretation of the instrument, and ever remembering that all offices are but trusts held for the people, and that delegated powers are to be strict ly construed, 1 will hope, by due dil ✓ igence in the performance of my du t es, though I may disappoint your expectations, yet to retain, when re ti ing, something ot the good will and confidence which welcomes my en- /y trance into office.