Newspaper Page Text
THE LAR3EST YIELD OF HAY OH RECORD.
There is an admirably managed experimental
farm in Ireland, called the Glass.ncoin Farm, the
managers of which report the production of
thirty-five toDs of hay from an acre, as
follows: First cutting, April 14th, six and
three-quarter tons of two thousand two hundred
and forty pounds each. Second cutting, June
4th, nine and a half tons; third cutting, July
19th, seven and three-quarter tons; fourth cut
ting, seven anS a half tons; fifth and last cut
ting, Nov. 22nd, six and three-quarter tons—
giving a total of thirty-eight and a quarter tons
of cured hay, not grass.
The plant grown was the Italian rye grass,
and the meadow received ten thousand gallons
ofliquid manure immediately after each cutting,
distributed through pipes by steam power. Cut
early, the Italian rye grass exceeds all other
European grasses for quantity of forage that
may be grown on an acre of ground.
— 111 ■
GINSENG.
This is an indigenous plant of the North-west,
particularly in Minnesota, which is second only
to opium in the estimation of the people of Chi
na. The demand for the root of the plant for
exportation far exceeds the supply, and ginseng
is likely to form a new staple in American ag
riculture. Its culture would be easy and simple,
and the Chinose can have enough to pay for all
the tea we consume. The exchange would be
profitable alike to our commerce and domestic
industry. Dry ginseng is usually worth from
twenty-five to thirty cents per pound.
—MW -*«*-
[Written fur the Southern Field and Fireside.]
AN EXPERIMENT WORTHY OP REPETITION
IN BTOPPING THE ROT IN GRAPES
Dr. Lee : 1 have three or four vines that
were very full of grapes, which were half grown
the first of June, when I noticed that they were
rotting very rapidly, and the grapes were all
rotten, or rotting, in some of the bunches. I set
about looking for the cause, that I might to
apply some remedy. I noticed that all the
grapes that were rotting looked like they had
very small punctures in the centre of where the
rot had commenced. I next noticed in turning j
up the leaves, that there were hundreds of small
white flies, not so large as a mosquito ; so I con
cluded that it was these small insects thht caused
the rot; and I prepared about twenty sulphur
matches, and waited till after sun-down, when
I placed the matches under the vines, set fire to
them, and left them to burn out. I examined
next day, and found no insects, and no more
newly punctured grapes. From that day to
this the rot has entirely ceased, and the insects
have disappeared. I hope others will try the
experiment and publish the results, so that if I
have discovered the cause and cure of the rot in
grapes, I may leave the world with the know
ledge that it is a little off for my having
lived in it.
Will some one, wdio knows, give a cheap, prac
ticable recipe for making a bushel or two of grapes
into good wine, to the readers of the Field and
Fireside l Leroy Patti lux
Monroe, Ga., June 20th, 1859.
[Written for the Southern Field and Fireside.]
PORCELAIN-KAOLIN.
Dr. D. Lee: In reading, just now, your high
ly interesting and instructive editorial, on
“ Southern Manufacture of Porcelain,'' in your
issue of the 18th inst.. the thought occurred that,
perhaps, it would be well to call your attention
to what appeared to me, when I saw it several
years ago, a splendid lot of Kaolin, the finest
indeed 1 have ever seen. It is in Richmond
county, about fourteen miles from Augusta—is
from one to two hundred yards, (I'm not sure of
the distance,) South, or South-east, of the Rich
mond camp-ground. Go to the camp-ground;
then take the direct road to Brothersville; go
down the hill, to the ford of the little rivulet
that rolls in beauty o’er its pebbly bed; cross
this stream, and immediately on your left, at the
very road side, you may see any quantity of
Kaolin, beautiful enough, and, from its appear
ance, I suppose pure enough, to excite almost
to frenzy any covetous Chinaman, that ever
lived.
lam glad that a porcelain factory is in pro
gress just over in South Carolina, (for I did not
know it before,) I call attention to the above,
hoping that somebody may go to work at it, for
the good of all of us.
Very respectfully,
Wm. Hauser.
Speir’s Tumont, Ga., June 21st, 1859.
—— i»i
From the Cotton Planter.
TO REMOVE ANTS AND CHICKEN MITES.
Dr. Cloud — Dear Sir.: Having noticed sev
eral receipts in your Cotton Planter for the ex
termination of ants, I hero give you ono, which
my own experience has proved unfailing: take
coffee grounds, aftey have done service for the
table, sprinkle them in your safes, cupboards,
or around your hearths, and you will have no
further trouble with them while they remain.
To get rid of chicken mites, where tobacco is
grown, scatter the stalks or rubbish of tobacco,
or tobacco of any kind, around the fowl roosts,
and they will soon disappear.
Mrs. E. D. T.
South Butler, Ala., 1859.
lucerne.
Our estimate of the value of this plant is rais
ed by our experience of this year. At the t‘ mo of
this writing, May 21st, we have nearly complet
ed our second cutting. We have not quite an
acre in lucerne. Our working stock consists of
six horses and mules and four oxen. For the
past two months they have eaten no dry fodder
or hay, but have been fed on lucerne—cut and
thrown to them. An acre of lucerne will feed
abundantly, with grain, that number of work
animals during the spring, summer and fall, and
leave a considerable amount for hay. But the
land must be very rich to do this. We urge
the cultivation of this plant upon the attention
of our readers. The trouble of drilling it and
working it is wholly useless, if the ground be
properly prepared. A turnip crop well manured,
and a large portion of the turnips fed of!’ on the
ground to cattle, sheep, or hogs, is the best
preparation. Break up as deeply as possible
make the ground very line by harrowing—sow
in February, and roll in the seed. If the planter
will have a few acres of lucerne, he will after
wards let the com blades stay on the stalk to
increase the weight of the grain. A good two
horse mower will cut ten acres of lucerne in a
day. The ordinary time of fodder pulling can
thus be devotod to the improvement of the farm.
Southern Countryman.
3TKK SOTMEKKBJf FIELD AND OTUBSXBD.
THE CORK OAK-<QUERCIJS SUBER)
The cork-tree has a general resemblance to the
broad-leaved kinds of Quercusllex; but when
full grown, it forms a much handsomer tree. It
is cultivated extensively in Spain, Portugal, and
the South of France. The outer bark, the great
thickness and elasticity of which is owing to an
extraordinary development of the cellular tissue,
forms the cork, and is taken from the tree every
eight or ten years; there is also an interior bark,
which is left on to protect the tree, so that strip
ping off the extra bark is so far from injuring
the trees, that it is necessary to their continua
tion ; for trees that are never barked are said
to die at the age of fifty or sixty years. The
bark is taken off for the first time when the
tree is about fifteen years old ; it soon grows
again, and may be re-barked three times, the
bark improving every time, till-the tree attains
the age of thirty years. After being detached,
the sheets or tables are flattened by presenting
the convex side to heat, or by pressure. In ei
ther case it is Charred on both surfaces to close
the transverse jiores, previous to its being sold.
The carbonized surface, produced by this char- (
ing, may be seen in bungs and taps; but not
in corks, which, being cut in the length way of
the . wood, the charring is taken off in the
rounding. It was used as sandals by the Greeks;
whence our cork-soles. The poor people in
Spam lay broad planks of it by their bed-side,
to tread on, as we use carpets and rugs.
They sometimes line the walls and insides of
their stone houses with this bark, which ren
ders them warm, and corrects the moisture of
the air. Both in Spain and Barbary bee-hives
are made of cork, for which it is excellent, be
ing a non-conductor of the heat. For this pur
pose they roll the bark into a cylinder, five or
six feet long.
The acorns are sweeter than common acorns,
and have been eaten as human food, in cases of
scarcity. Hogs eat them greedily, and get rap
idly lilt on them, while they produce a firm
and very savory lard. The Spaniards eat the
acorns roasted. It grows readily wherever the
Live Oak (Quercus virens) will grow, and much
more rapidly. It forms a very handsome ever
green tree, twenty to thirty feet high and is quite
ornamental. It is excellently adapted to the
climate of the Southern States.— Cotton Planter.
Prf.sext of Wild Animals and Horses to
Her Majesty by the Emperor of Morocco. —
The Himalaya arrived at Portsmouth on Satur
day, with the presents of horses and wild ani
mals, sent from the Emperor of Morocco to Her
Majesty, consist ing of one lion, one leopard, six
ostriches, ono gazelle, six horses, two mares,
and an animal called by the Moorish attendants
“irwy,” but which, in appearance, much re
sembles the mountain sheep of California, know n
by the trapper name of “ bighorn.” The horses
and animals have como to England in charge of
four Moors, who form no slight attraction, dress
ed in their Moorish costume. The somewhat
unusual spectacle of a “lion hunt” took place
on board on the 2d inst. One of the Moors was
engaged in feeding the lion through a door
which opened for that purpose in a part of his
cage or den, when, with a sudden spring, the
animal dashed through the opening on to the
steamer’s main deck, which, as may be imag
ined, was soon “cleared.” The hatchways
were at once closed, and measures promptly
taken by Commander Secombe to secure the
animal as speedily as possible. For this pur
pose, the Commander, with the senior Lieutenaut,
Boatswain, Sergeant of Marines, and two men,
descended to the main deck, taking wijh them
the end of a s(out line; this was riveu through
a ringbolt in the deck, and a running noose form
ed with the end. After some considerable ma
noeuvering, the noose was thrown over the lion's
head, the word given to the hands on deck, who
ran away with the other end of the line, and
the lion was pinned down to the ringbolt iu the
deck. His legs were immediately secured, and
he was dragged back to his den in safety. The
animals will be landed at the sheer jetty, Ports
mouth dockyard, this morning.
Mark Lane (London ) Express.
How to Prevent Blindness in Horses.—
The Scientific. American says that blindness is
very common among horses in cities, and attrib
utes it to confinement in dark stables, and shad
ing their eyes with harness blinders. Upon
these premises it argues that the first should bo
abolished, and that all stables should be dry,
roomy structures, provided with windows to af
ford abundant light, and should be frequently
whitewashed. The horse is a native of dry,
sunny regions, and requires to be kept dry and
warm in order to attain the greatest perfection.
Close and oonfined stables, just like those which
are so common, are the frequent cause of that
violent disease called the glanders. A few years
since great ravages were committed among the
cavalry horses of France by this disease, but it
is now almost unknown in that country. This
result has been brought about by simply making
larger stables, doubling the size of stalls, and
securing good ventilation. Iu proportion to
their bulk, horses need more fresh air than men,
in order to perform the functions of respiration ;
yet they are commonly cooped up iu narrow
stalls,
The Coal Field of the United States. —
Professor Rogers has furnished his long expect
ed work on the United States and England. The
English reviewers appear a little astonished at
tho immense coal fields of the United States, be
side which their own are diminutive. The coal
fields of Great Britain are in extent about five
thousand four hundred square miles. Those of
the United States are one hundred and ninety
six thousand eight hundred and fifty square
miles. While the amount of workable coal in
Great Britain is put down at ono hundred and
ninety thousand million tons, that of North
America is set down at four billions, or twen
ty-two times greater in amount than the mines
of Great Britain. An English paper, comment
ing upon these facts, says: “When wc reflect
upon what has been achieved by the produce of
the coal fields of Great Britain, and then endeav
or to anticipate the mining of the vast fields of
the United States upon an extensive scale, we
are led to forecast a future of almost boundless
enterprise for that wonderful country."
Mi- ——-
Internal Improvement Lands of Florida. —
A certified list of fifty-seven thousand eight
hundred and nine acres of land in the
Newnansville district, approved to the
Stato by the Secretary of the Interior, under
the provisions of the Bth section of the act of
4th September, 1841, has just been transmitted
to the Governor of the State of Florida, by the
acting Commissioner of the General Land Office.
These lands are selected by the State in part
satisfaction of the Internal Improvement grant by
Congress of five hundred thousand acres, under
the act above mentioned, the proceeds from the
sale of which land by the State go to make up
the trust fund of the State for Internal Improve
ment purposes.— Washington Evening Star.
CAKE FROM COTTON S 21D.
Kirkwood, St. Louis co., Mo., )
June 13, 1859. j
Eds. Co. Gent.: Your issue of June 9th con
tains an article on cotton seed as food for cattle,
Ac. You do not seem to be aware that the oil
cake is made and used n the United States.—
Messrs. Wyman and Renick of this city, have a
mill for making oil from cotton seed, and manu
facture large quantities. Some of the cake is
shipped to. England; but a home demand is
rapidly springing up which promises to consume
it all. They have a patent hulling machine fir
cleaning the seed, which operates to admiration.
The cleaned seed is then ground; nexttrituated
(I think that's the word.) under stone wheels
turning by an upright shaft, like a Mexican sil
ver ore mill; then steamed; then put in bags
and subjected to intense hydraulic pressure.—
The cakes are about two feet long by one foot
wide, aud two inches thick. In this shape, I
believe, they ship them. For tho homo market,
Messrs. W. and R. grind up the cake, and put
it in sacks—a rough looking meal. Many of the
dairymen about this city use it. I am only an
amateur farmer, living at Kirkwood, thirteen
miles out on the Pacific railroad, and in the city
daily at business—so I have not stock enough
to try anything on a large scale. But I fed some
oil-cake last winter with first-rate results, after
die cows got used to it. At first they don't re
lish it; but by- mixing it with bran, aud gradual
ly dropping off the bran, they are brought to oat
it readily enough. If any of your readers want
to try this cotton seed oil-cake, address Wyman
A Renick, St. Louis.— Country Gentleman.
Report of the Charleston Agency of the
American Tract Society in South Carolina,
Georgia, and Eastern Florida, for the
Year ending April 1, 1859.— We acknow ledge
the receipt of a copy of this pamphlet, the in
troduction to which is as follows :
“The laborious and self-denving colporteurs
connected with this agency have performed ser
vice equal to that of one man for nearly four
teen years. They have visited nineteen thou
sand four hundred and fifty families, with nine
thousand two hundred and ten of wliicli families
they have conversed on the subject of religion,
and prayed. From these plain, earnest, and
affectionate personal conversations on religion,
we have reason to believe thaw the Divine
Spirit will cause most precious results to follow,
in the salvation of souls, and to the enlargement
of the Redeemer's kingdom.
“ They have sold publications to the amount
of five thousand two hundred and three dollars,
and have given volumes and tracts to the amount
of eleven hundred and ninety dollars, thus cir
culating more than six thousand dollars' w-orrh
of the evangelical literature issued by the Ameri
can Tract Society. More than one-sixth of the
volumes circulated have been given to the poor
and destitute, and thus the Gospel of our Lord
and Saviour Jesus Christ has been carried to
the hitherto “ uncared for” wanderer iu the by
paths and wastes of the world. Through this
heaven-blessed instrumentality the glad tidings
of salvation have been carried to the inmates of
the hovels of poverty, and many cottagers have
been led to rejoice in the blood-bought redemp
tion. They have also addressed seven hundred
and forty-eight public meetings.
—•»
Staining Outside Wood-Work. —We are in
debted for the following recipe for staining out
side wood-work and the coarser portions of in
ternal work, to Uervase English
architect, who has recently settled iu o.u ......
try = ...
“ Take best resin tar, or pitch, in the propor
tion of one gallon to every four gallons of the
following :
“Turpentine, one and a half gallons, sellac
dissolved in alcohol, (in tho proportion o; one
pound to ono quart.) two quarts; cold linseed
oil, one half gallon ; boiled one half gallon ;
beeswax, six pounds ; ox-gall one pound.
“ Mix all these together, and add the resin
tar first named. Lay it on with a large flat
brush.
“ This is a very beautiful and richly colored
stain. I have seen it frequently used in the
timber work of the simple country churches in
Kugland. Some persons use a larger projiortion
of tar, and for work much exposed to the weath
er it would, perhaps, be better to do so.”
A Cure foh the Botts in Horses. —Bleed
the horse about one quart from the ueck, putting
a little salt in the blood, as it runs, and keep
it from clodding, and drench the horse with the
blood; in about ten or fifteen minutes give him
a table-8[)oonful of coperas, dissolved in about a
gill of whisky.' The botts will let go, for the
blood, and the coperas, and whisky will stun
them, so that the horse will pass them off. I
have used this remedy for more than twenty
years, and it never failed to cure; and some of
the horses that I gave it to were about as bad,
apparently, as they could be. This may save
you a flue horse some day. A. B.
The above remedy is sent us by one of our
subscribers from Tuseumbia, Ala., and, we doubt
not, but it is a good remedy. It is certainly
worthy of a trial.—Ed.
A Large Bear —Our fellow townsman, James
H. Hill, Esq., killed on Tuesday last in the Po
coson, three miles West of this city, one of the
largest bears we remember to have ever seen.
He had a fine chase with ten hounds after it
for thirty minutes. His bearship measures six
feet and three inches, while one of his feet was
eight inches in the clear. We are confident that
had it been fat it -woutd have weighed six hun
dred pounds. Truly is the Judge and his
hounds a terror to this species of wild animals.
Albany (Ga.) Patriot.
A Good Ox.—The last of February, Mr. T. W.
Field, of Northfleld. Conu., slaughtered an ox
that weighed, alive, thirty-three hundred pounds.
The four quarters weighed two thousand pounds,
hide and tallow four hundred and nine pounds:
total, two thousand four hundred and nine
pounds. We think th : s animal wintered we L
Guess Mr. Field looks after his stock during the
cold weather.
To take Ink-Stains from Books. —Procure a
little oxalic acid, which dissolve in a small quan
tity of warm water, then slightly wet the stain
with it, when it will disappear, leaving the text
uninjured.
French Honey. —One pound of white sugar;
six eggs, leaving out the whites of two; the
juif-o of thiee or four lemons, and the grated
rind of two, aud a quarter of a pound ot butter.
Stir over a slow tire until it is about tho consis
tency of honey.— Germantown Tcleyaph.
—-*•-
To Pur a Candle Out Without an Extin
guisher—Hold your hand directly over it, and
give a smart puff. If tiie wiek is not so long as
to need snuffing, it will do it “sure,” with very
little smoke. Try it on a lamp—l never have.
W.
THE CUBAN COOLIE TRADE.
Havana, May 29.—The French ship Alexan
der Balli, terrand, arrived at this port on the
27th from Macao aud St. Helena, after a voyage
of one hundred aud twenty-eight days, having
on board three hundred and ninety-eight coolies
for Cuba service under eight year contracts.
The number of coolies shipped for Havana from
the Asiatic ports, according to the record I have
kept since the beginning of the enterprise, now
amounts to forty-live thousand three hundred aud
eighty-two. of which thirty-eight thousand four
hundred and fifty-seven, have been delivered
alive, and six thousand nine hundred and thirty
live died on the passage. The trade is now
pretty generally distributed between England,
the United States, Spain, France, Holland, Bre
men, Norway, Chili, and Peru, but not by any
means equally. England has been from- the
beginning, and is still, by far the most enterpris
ing and extensive shipper. Her citizens, located
here, were among the earliest contractors, and
for mauy years monopolized the trade. Having
made their fortunes, however, many of them
have retired from the field, and ato a fortunate
time, as thereby they avoid the obligation to
return the emigrants, “after eight years service,
free of expense, to the ports from whence they
were shipped," as was stipulated in their con
tracts.
These forty-five thousand three hundred and
eighty-two emigrants were shipped hero in one
hundred and six vessels, of which thirty-six
were British, seventeen American, fourteen
Dutch, thirteen Spanish, twelve French, and tho
rest divided among the flags mentioned.
The moral aud |iolitical evil of this abnormal
immigration into the island is already beginning
to be apparent, not only in their own insubor
dination. but in that of the Africa race with which
they come in contact. But what is to be done
is not so clear. There does not seem to be any
way of securing the return of the Asiatics, un
less tho government should do it at its own ex
pense. It is not likely, indeed, that over twenty
or twenty-five per cent, of those brought here
eight years since, could be found to-day; but,
with constantly increasing importation, thercin
naut will soon become a dangerous element in
our social organization.
As to the treatment of the coolies on our es
tates, it is said to be kind; indeed, the law ex
pressly forbids any cruel punishment being in
flicted upon them. But their tenure of life is
very frail. Debilitated by the long and immode
rate use of opium, their constitutions break down
on the first exposure, and render them peculiarly
liable to any epidemic that may be prevailing.—
The opium is brought in small quantities, the
better to evade the revenue laws, and distributed
by Chinese agents of the European speculators.
But the evil does not stop with the demoraliza
tion of the coolie. The African race quickly
learn the use and become the slave of their en
ervating narcotic, the evil effect of which is
already daily seen on every plantation where tho
two races have been domesticated together.
N. O. Picayune.
The coolie trade, driven from this port, where
it would tie controlled, leaving even Macao
where its worst abuses are checked, is now re
appearing in the Canton river in its most hate
ful form. Cases pf kidnapping are we had almost
said, of daily occurronee, and the commerce is
assuming the character of a veritable slave trade.
We hear that two or. three days ago, two of the
brokers convicted of being engaged in this ne
farious traffic were sized by the Chinese and
justly, though perhaps somewhat barbarously,
exposed to the revenge of those in wiiose “«• gh
borhood their crimes had been perpetrated. It
is a pity that the law cannot strike not merely
at the Chinese but also at the European partici
pators in those enormities.
While we arc on this subject, we may remark
that complaints of Chinamen, especially young
fishermen, being kidnapped from their boats, are
becoming very numerous.— Forth China Herald,
April 2.
i«> -a—-
DISEASES AMTN3 CATTLE.
Upon the practice of taring the horns, cutting
off the tails, aud similar remedies for diseased
animals, Dr. G. H. Dadd, veterinary surgeon,
Boston, Mass., thus writes to the Valley Farmer:
“ I wonder that intelligent men, Christians,
and men who have been, for mauy years, the
owners of high priced and rare specimens of
what we are pleased to term the inferior orders
of creation, should so far disregard the feelings
and claims which the latter have on them, as io
permit the barbarities of by-gone days to lie
enacted over again, for no earthly use than to
harass and torment a sick, and perhaps dying,
animal. For every intelligent man must lie
aware that cattle are as susceptible to pain as
ourselves, and that the introduction of a spike
gimhlet, at the base of the horn, low down, must
put the animal to an immense amount of tor
ment; for in the region indicated, the parts are
highly organized and very sensitive. It gives
ine pleasure to find that you have a heart to feel'
for these much abused specimens of creative
power, and also, that you have the manliness to
denounce the practice of cruelty to animals, al
though it attempts to shield itself under the garb
of science, but you and your readers may rest
assured that all educated veterinary surgeons
consider the practice of boring cow’s horns and
cutting off tin ir tales both cruel and unneces-,
sarv. Some of your readers may ask. How are
we. who have not studied iirCo the matter, to
kno v that such operations are cru l and unneo-s
--saryt I answer, appeal to your own intelli
gence; would you suffer an ignorant pretender,
or a neighbor, having no more experience in the
treatment of disease than yourself, to send a
gimlet into the frontal siuuses of your sick friend,
wile, or child, for no other reason than that the
region of the same was hot aud feverish ?
Where is the man who would stand by and wit
ness such an outrageous procedure? Some per
sons may contend that animals recover after
such operations have been performed. Grant
ed. but that is no proof of the efficacy of the
same; the recuperative powers of the system
are often strong enough to hear the animal
safely through the disease and the wretched
treatment.”
—wato-
Louisiana Wheat. — N >rth Louisiana is
d siined to become famous for the production of
wheat. Wheat r used iu Claiborne parish was
the first iu market in St. Louis last year, and
was pronounced to he of the best quality, and
commanded the best price. The prospect of the
crop this year, says the Clailioriio Gazette, is
very good. The wheat fields are nearly ready
for the harvest, which promises to be a superior
one, both in quantity and quality.
X O. Bulletin.
——- > « >
Sheer Killed. —We understand that eighty
three sheep, were killed bv lightning, one day
last week, about eight miles West of Huntsville,
belonging to Messrs. J. B. Turner aud S. J.
Siianklin. The sh i p were under a poplar
tee, which the lightning struck.
HutstiUe (Ala.) Advertiser.
HORTICULTURAL.
WM. ». WHITE, Editor.
SATURDAY JUDY 2, 1869.
•
HORTICULTURAL.
Communications for this department aro re
spectfully solicited. Address them to the editor,
at Athens, Ga.
Horticultural exchanges will please direct to
the same address.
BOOK NOTICES.
Stray Leaves from the Book of Nature, by M. Schele
dk \ RRF.. of the University of Virginia. New York ; A.
O. Moore A Co. 75 cents.
A series of Essays, on various topics of Na
tural Sciences, which appeared some years since
in Putman's Magazine, and were afterwards re
published in book form. They aro interesting,
and if in some few passages the stylo is a little
turgid the author more often is really eloquent,
and the book, as a whole, is a good one, of which
we are glad to see new editions continue to be
called for.
—
LAYERING.
The old mode of layering by cutting a notch
on the underside of the shoot is an operation re
quiring to be done with groat caution, or in the
majority of cases the shoot will break, and the
time of the operator and the layer itself is lost.
We find a new and much better method de
scribed in the last Gardener’s Monthly as follows:
The tongue is cut in the upper surface of the
layer. On bending down into the soil the tonguo
is twisted on one side, and the young shoot,
intended to form the future plant, may then be
be lifted up and bent towards the parent as
rapidly as one pleases, without any danger of
snapping off. In the old mode a chip is placed
between the tongue and the layer, to keep the
slit open; but in this the twisting of the tongue
aside separates it from the old cut. In this way
very green and strong shoots can bo operated
on, Magnolias, for instance, in June; and plants
be got well rooted by fall, instead of waiting for
the wood to ripen in August, when we have to
wait another year before our layer is sufficiently
rooted to be taken from its parent.
ARRANGEMENTS OF FLOWER-BEDS.
Mr. Chevreul has demonstrated, in an inge
nious essay upon the subject, that the contrast of
colors is of the greatest consequence, whether
for good or for evil and that, if to dress a bru
nette in sky-blue makes her sallow, or a
blonde in orange makes her ghastly, or a flesh
colored girl in white makes her red, so, to place
discordant colors near each other, produces
just as disagreeable effects, though not quite so
person d, in a bed of flowers. Wo shall not,
just now, fatigue our readers with the philoso
phy < 'this matter, for which we refer them to
Carson, nud other divinities of the toilet; it will
be suffic.ent to point out what the gardening
result* »re to which Mr. Chcvreul’s inquiries
have led. He says, that what are called com
plimentary colors always suit each other. Now,
the complimentary color of red is green: of
orange, sky-blue, of yellow, violet; of indigo,
orauge yellow: and, consequently, blue and
orange colored flowers, harmonize with their
own green leaves. White suits blues and
oranges, and, better still, reds and roses; but it
tarnishes yellow and violets. In all eases, how
ever, where colors do not agree, the placing
white between them restores the effect. The
following combinations are also said to be good,
orange yellow with pale blue, greenish yellow
with deep rose, deep red with deep blue, and
orange with violet; white suiting all these com
binations more or less. On the contrary, we
should always separate rose from scarlet or
orange, orauge from yellow, yellow from yellow
green, blue from violet blue; and even red
from orange, rose from violet, and blue from vio
let. Applying these conclusions to the dahlia,
which is now about to be planted out, the follow
ing arrangement of colors is recommended. In
lines, the following succession, viz.: white, red
dish scarlet, white, rose lilac, yellow, violet or
purple, orange, white, red scarlet, deep purple,
rose lilac, white, yellow, violet or purple, orange,
white, Ac.
To produce the best effect in patches of seven
arranged together thus:
0 O
0 0 Owe may have
0 0
1, six orange, with a purplo or violet centre; 2,
six purple or violet, with yellow centre; 3, six
yellow, with a purple or violet centre; 4, six
scarlets, with a white centre; 5, six whites,
with a scarlet centre. 6, six rose, with a white
centre, 7, six blackish green purnle, with an
orange centre. The seven patches forming a
straight border, may then be repeated in an in
verted order, which would give thirteen patches,
I and there should be a pntch of seven whites
at each end. If the border is circular, without
any central point of view, the foregoing arrange
ment should be related ad infinitum, without
inverting the order of the seventh patch.
Another advantageous disposition would bo
the following:
White. Pink. White. Orange. Violet. Yel.
0 O 0 0 0 0
Pink. Yel. Whi. Or. Vio. Whi. Yel. Whi. Vio.
0 000 0 0000
White. Rose. White. Orange. Violet Yel.
0 0 0 O 0 0
Scarlet. White. 81. purple. White.
0 0 0 0
White. Yellow. Scarlet. White. Pink. 81. purp.
0 0 O 0 O O
Scarlet. White. 81. purple. White.
O O 0 0
In this arrangement, violet may be substituted
for purple. These ate points that richly deserve
tho consideration of those who are now about
to plant out beds of verbenas, pelargoniums,
and other tender annuals, for they will be found
to effect essentially the display of agreeable
colors. It may be difficult to apply them at
first, but the attempt should be made at once,
and such notes prepared during the flowering sea
i son, as will enable the principles to be carried
out another year. In addressing and adjusting
the stands of flowers in a florist's exhibition, tho
harmonious contrast of color can always be
kept in view, and the importance of attending
to the effect of complimentry colors observed
advantageously. The ground color of such
stands should be most especially consulted;
and it should be remembered that the nearer
col >rs are brought together, the more decided
s their mutual effect — Gardener's Chronicle.
47