The Southern field and fireside. (Augusta, Ga.) 1859-1864, July 16, 1859, Image 4

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Newspaper Page Text60 LITERARY. WILLIAM W. MANN, Editor. The Southern Field and Flrealdc 18 PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY. TERMS —$2.00 a year, invariably in advance. All Postmasters are authorized agents. . SATURDAY JULY 16,1559. BACK NUMBERS. Persons subscribing to the Field and Fireside can be supplied with all the back numbers. — TERMS TO NEWS-DEALERS. This paper is mailed to news-dealers at the rate of two dollars and fifty cents per one hundred copies. TEEMS OF ADVERTISING. For each insertion of ten lines or less, one dollar; and for over ten lines, at the rate of ten cents per line. i s i TRAVELLING AGENTS. In reply to numerous applications on the subject, the Proprietor of the Southern Field and Fireside takes this method of announcing that he does not desire to make any more engagements of that kind. — PREMIUMS TO POSTMASTERS—FIVE HUN DRED DOLLARS IN PREMIUMS. We invite attention to the premiums offered to the Postmasters of Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mis sissippi and Tepnossee, for the largest lists of subscribers to The Southern Field and Fireside. See Prospectus. IST We regret that our columns will lack their usual variety to-day; but, the length of the Prize Essay, which j we were unwilling to divide, has made this necessary. We have to acknowledge the reception of— No. 11. Letters from my Log Cabin. Flowers from the Grave Yard.—by Mrs. Julia L. , Keyes. The Accusation, and another Poem—by Vebkna. A Reverie—by .Joy Green. ( Roland Graham, or The Virginia Moiiutainccr. — INDUCEMENTS TO SUBSCRIBE. The proprietor thinks that his motto, “ Excel sior,” receives practical illustration in the in creasing attractions of his paper. The last num ber contained a beautiful prize production. In the present number appears a prize Essay that will well reward perusal. These will be follow ed by the remaining prize articles, closing with the prize Novelette, which will occupy several numbers. In addition to these, he has in store for his j readers a Novelette, from the graceful pen of Mrs. Caroline Hentz Branch, a daughter of the talented lady whose name she bears, and sister o? the author of “The Dream of Locust Dell.” Among other inducements to subscribe, the Proprietor will just here intimate that a Novel, from the distinguished W. Gilmore Simms, will appear in these columns during the present j’car. That and “ Master Mitten ” will alone be worth more than the subscription price. THE PRIZEB. The publisher of the Field and Fireside has to-day the pleasure of presenting the literary Essay, to which lias been awarded the prize.— The honor was nobly won : for between twenty and thirty essays were before the Committee, some of them of marked and superior merit. We hope to have the pleasure of publishing a portion of them, should the authors give their assent. In the meantime, we are sure our readers will congratulate us on the happy idea of offering these prizes. It furnishes them, in the Essay on ' Prefaces, a dish racy, piquant, and enlivening, and has brought to our knowledge the existence of much literary talent, heretofore unknown to us, from which we hope the editors will derive n future, many good tilings for the entertain ment of their readers. It opens to our view some rich sources, from which we anticipate ob taining many gems in prose and poetry, with which to adorn our columns. —*■»■* FROM OUR PARIS CORRESPONDENT. Paris, 23d June, 1853. You may read in the Observer newspajier published on the 9th at Trieste, the following telegraphic dispatch, dated from Verona. Bth June: “After a bloody combat near Magenta we have conquered—yesterday there was not a sin gle Frenchman left in Lombardy.” And there upon follows an article overflowing with exult ant adjectives. Now, though I would not com pare in general, American newspapers and their writers, with Austrian newspapers and theirs, yet I say that cases like the above, should lead us to reflect humbly on our fallibility. Your correspondent does not cite the Trieste Obseiver's fabulous account of the battle of Magenta for the sake of reproaching its editor ; ho is not at all to blame—as my florid friend, Col. Waysbot, would say : “If lightning telegraphs deceive ns, what iu thunder can we rely upon ?”—not for the sake of reproach, then, to the Austrians, but for my own sake, praying your readers byway of “moral,” as it were, when they discover er rors in these letters, to remember my indulgence: “The mercy I to others show, That mercy show to me.*’ And with this general preface, I begin the re cord. It is rather difficult to keep up with the Austrians. After retreating over the Chiese, they made stand, as the Allies confidently hoped, just behind that river, fortifying their naturally strong positions at Montechiaro, Castiglione, and Lonato. Hero a great decisive battle was ea gerly looked for. and regarded as imminent, when, presto ! the enemy retire again, and the positions just maintained are now occupied by the Allies. The next stand, and the last, if the enemy intend to fight at all, must be, one would say, on the Mincio itself, with their right sup ported on Presehiera, and their left on Mantua.— Having then no battle and French victory (the two words are considered here about as insepa rable as the Siamese Twins) I turn to the politi cal side of current events. In Lombardy the provisional government is getting into quite working order. Milan is rep resented to be as quiet as any capital in Europe —not quiet, however, as under Rafletzki or Giu lay, to judge from the fact that half a dozen new newspapers have been started there since the departure of the Austrians. Os course, there cannot bo as yet, if there is indeed to be in any very near future, free discussion of politi cal themes in these journals—but should they publish nothing but historical facts, and patriot ic rhetoric, they mark a great advance on the re cent past. Piedmontese governors have been appointed for Parma and Modena ; and it would IHK govX'Rsssr tm abed #i»kss»e. anpear from our latest yesterday s news, that Victor Emmanuel will temporarily at least, un dertake the responsibility of governing through S his agents in Bologna, and some other parts of the Romagna. He has appointed, it is said, two “ administrate ” for that pur]iose. The revolutionary movement in the Romagna, that broke out immediately on tlie departure of •lie Austrian garrisons, and has been spreading ever since, lias given a new twist to the exces sively complex "complications" of the day. Both ! the belligerent parties guarantied to the Papal i States a neutrality which neither of them lias strictly observed. Both of them also declare their horror of revolution in Italy, though one j has been constantly planting the seeds ol it, and the other as constantly encouraging their growth, and watching opportunity to reap the fruit, for I the past ten years. The Papal government, with no strength of its own, has liecn obliged to prop its neutrality and its very' existence on the bay onets of Austria aud France. When the Aus- I trian prop was withdrawn, the government that side of the Apjienines. necessarily fell to the ground, aud out of the ground, as it were, there instantly sprang a revolutionary committee, (doubtless secretly organized some time since) with its offer of Dictatorship to \ ictor Emman uel. The Dirtatnrship he refuses, out of regard to the independence of the Italian I’rince, Pius IX.; but the Administration lie assumes, out of re gard to the Pojie's utter inability to administer any sort of law or order himself. The distinc tion is. after all not without a difference, which may bo stated thus : lie provisionally governs Modena and Tarnm, awaiting the final disposi tion to be made of those territories, as agent of i the Italians: he temporarily administers law and order in the Romagna, awaiting the re-instal j ment of the Papal authority, as agent of the 1 Dope. Meantime, poor old Pio Nino, what with being i badgered by the cardinals, owned by Antonelli, protected by General Guyon, envies the runa • way Dukes of Tuscany and Modena, and would l»e glad to leave the dominions he cannot rule. But if “all roads lead to Rome,” the only one out of it that his Holiness can travel, runs straight to Fontainbleau, via Marseilles. Antonelli will doubtless resist his taking that route, on which he would be robbed of all Ins actual authority p the good will of the Catholic party at home is too important, for Napoleon to force him to Lake it. So the Pope sits at Rome, and will sit, if not eternally, yet in all likelihood, till after our time ; the temporal sovereign of much the same geographical district so wretchedly misruled at present in his name. For it is easy to see i why Napoleon and Victor Kmmannuel, frommo i tives of home policy, sufficiently indicated by 1 the mere existence of the above mentioned Catholic party, and Austria, Prussia, and Eng land by potent reasons of foreign policy, must agree the first as avoiding the last, as resisting encroachment on the power of the Roman State. The Derby ministry seems to have committed the greatest error in letting this war goon. It is effectually a French war upon England. They apparently might have prevented it four months ago. not by blaming Sardinia, and really giving “moral aid and comfort” to Austria, but by frankly (!) well, say ostensibly sympathizing with France. Such a course on her part would have had a two fold effect: first, that of induc ing Austria, either immediately or through the dignity-saving medium of a European Congress, to make enough concessions, and promise enough more to Italy, and thus “taking the wind out of the sails" of Cavourand Victor Emmanuel; and secondly, while taking away the pretext of war, that of binding the hands of Louis Napoleon.— This last named Monarch is now carrying on, with considerable promise of success, a new and remarkably ably devised plan of traditional French policy—a policy older than Richelieu, older than Henry IV., almost coeval with the French monarchy, on itslta’.im side. It has a more modern English side, which the English seem rather slow to discover. Hence, one of the many strong reasons for finishing tV> war in one campaign, before they see it. English statesmen very probably do see it, with the suf ' ficient clearness, and consequently, perhaps their bungling anxiety to prevent the war by siding with England's “natural ally” instead of ostensi bly siding with her natural enemy. The people of England, in their honest sympathy with op pressed Italians and their insular short-sighted -1 ness, that does not discern danger further off than Cherbourg, do not see it. The two sides of the plan are these, we sup pose : form a great Italian power, whether in the shape of one preponderant northern Italian State, or of a Confederated Italy, the natural ■ bulwark against Austria, the necessary and na tural ally of France—necessary in the interest i of its existence as a State—natural in the cog i nate race and language. And here is a fit place to remark, parenthetically, what any one may ob serve who will carefully track the course of Louis Napoleon for the past ten years, that the nephew is not a blind imitator of his putative ■ uncle. He has studied the uncle's errors as well as his successes, and has profited by.the l study. He had reason to say at Milan the other • day that, “if there were men to-day who didn’t i comprehend ttieir epoch, he was not of them.” i Before going further, grant your correspondent I here a parenthesis for himself. lam no partizan , of Napoleon. With him. simply as man, I have nothing to do. I speak only of his policy as it ? appears to be developing itself. Os its moral r quality, I, for the present, say nothing. Os its f soundness, of which the only immediate human • test is success, Ido not presume to pronounce. I have not the arrogance to set myself up as “philosophical historian” of the future. The future is with God, in whose hands Emperors, ■ and armed hosts, and solemn diplomatists, are > but instruments—too often of the blindest sort. Looking back now, and on the turbid, fast running stream of current history, it is neither special lack, nor overplus of personal ambition, [ but the simplest common sense, that dictates Na poleon’s declaration, that he seeks no territorial conquest in this war. Whether or not it ends with his adding Savoy to Frauce, is, except as a sort of bonne bouche to popular greed for “more.” of no sort of consequence. The great thing gained is a great allied Italian State—a bulwark against Austria; this is the old Italian side of the traditional policy. But close on this, in con nection with Algiers, come, in some sort, as con sequences, the “ Mediterranean as a French lake,” the enormously augmented leverage of pressure on Egypt, of influence at Constantino ple, and throughout the East, reaching as far as Persia, where French influence is already strong, and daily strengthening. And now, while Austria, England’s natural ally, is weak ened, Russia, the recent enemy, but, neverthe less, present friend and “natural ally" of France, is strengthened, and is in fair condition, when the next war breaks out, to join hands with France, crowding hard on China, on India, work ing up opposition and insurrection as a “diver sion” to England’s forces, of which there will hardly be enough to spare to support crumbling Turkey— to protect Constantinople and Cairo against Russian and French “ protection ” —to block tlie Dardanelles, or the Canal of Suez to prevent Russia from becoming a great maritime power, and Marseilles from becoming a great entrepot of Eastern trade—to save herself from becoming one of the two, if sot the second, of the great maritime powers of Europe —to save her from sinking from one of the three first places, which she hardly maintains since the Crimean war, to one of the first second places at the grand council board of Furope! This, to my poor view, is a rough outline sketch of the English side of Louis Napoleon’s actual policy.. There is not a pliilahthropic Quaker in Europe more desirous to preserve the Anglo-1 reneh al liance, for the present, than lie. That he even for a moment entertained the insane idea ol in vading the Island of Great Britain, I never lia\e, for a moment, suspected. The Channel is broad, . the fieet at Cherbourg is a reserved force, the Ticino is narrow, the Zouaves and the Imperial Guard crossed it an pas gymnastigue in a straight line to the heart of England's power. To change the subject a little. We are not yet done with our conjectured talk over Prussia’s mobilization of two-thirds of her army. our correspondent’s explanation of it is as follows: The initiative of action in the premises having been granted to Prussia by the lesser German States, which seem to be bellicose in. inverse proportion to their military force, the Prince Re gent of Prussia, who. in common with the more intelligent portion of his subjects, is opposed to generalizing the war, found himself forced by the moral pressure of the lesser States, and by the po litical necessity of keeping at their head, to ap parently take the lead in warlike preparations. He is doing what he can to stop the war. There lias been' for the past few days, and is still go ing on, a very busy correspondence and jour neying of diplomats—all tending to the opening of negotiations. Probably, however, it is mere waste of ink and spurs, and let who will write, and let Etherhazy and King Leopold ride, till we have another great battle. You remember that, in his first proclamation, Louis Napoleon set forth the Alps and the Adriatic as the limits of his expedition. 1 think that is his ultimatum ; the Austrians are not yet sufficiently beaten to accept it. Our Emperor, backed, as he is. by the overwhelming mass of the French people, will not accept any other base of negotiations. A few isolated facts, trifling in themselves, will convey to your peaceful American fields and firesides a tolerably correct notion of the war spirit awakened here. If the quiet, pleasant gentlemen, lazily puffing their cigars, (I feel an envy, amounting nearly to enmity, of their en joyment in that regard, as contrasted with my daily after-dinner trials under this regime of to bacco monopoly) as they read, and the fair la dies (to whom I owe, and must still remain in debt, for ineffable apologies for not furnishing better entertainment than this everlasting prate of war,) and the youngsters, (of whom, I trust, you have many among your readers—the rol licking rogues to whom I owe apology for not saying enough about the Zouaves, and blood and wounds) —if your readers, I say, happily placed at safe spectator's distance, will bear in mind that French human nature, and Georgian or American human nature, are generically and es sentially alike, they will save me any further ex planation or qualification of the few “ isolated facts ” that I meant to have begun telling at the opening of this paragraph, and will see what large ami significant signs they are of the popu lar feeling. To begin then, since the opening of the war there have come into life more than a dozen new newspapers specially devoted to the record and illustration of its “ dicta et <jet>ta." All the old established papers, political and literary', turn their devotions in the same direction. A large number of them thereby are partly taken up with pictorial illustrations of the campaign. Artists of considerable merit follow the army, and no sooner does an Italian town offer an ovation to the allies or the allied monarchs, or an Italian field become the theatre of battle—than the scene, with its most picturesque features— festive, comic, tragic or tragic-comic, but iu any case flattering to the Frer ch, gets itself sketched on the book, .sent to Paris by express, engraved by ready artisst, painted by steam, and before a week is over sold on the Boulevard for a sou or two and displayed in the window's for nothing. Direct ly a general or colonel distinguishes himself, a half dozen portraits of him appear in as many different papers, not always strikingly like each other, and in some cases, it is to be hoped, bearing no resemblance to the original—if likeness there be in the latter “case” the Aus trians were perfectly excusable in running at fight of them. «As for Garibaldi, we had like nesses of him. bearing no sort of likeness to other likenesses of him. bearing, in fact, only remote and facetious likeness to any conceivable mem ber of the human family—but all of them, mind, looking “uncommon bold, and fierco,’’ which is the essential. I ought to say here, that among the published engravings of battles, ovations and personages, are many, very many of positive and even high artistic merit. • Equally abundant and more amusing than the historical school of illustration, we have the caricatures. A collection of these W’ould make a quite consecutive comic history of the war— a history perhaps as well worth consulting as one of grave pretensions. Some of them, of course, are mere gross drolleries, and others are fullofw'itty significance, and for their effect on the passing thousands who laugh over them, are of more influence than all the editorials of the grave newspapers, and the bulletins of the Moniteur. In literature we have, beside the official bulle tins, and the editorials published in all the jour nals, all breathing, or inspired by, that French patriotic spirit which overcomes almost entirely the party spirit of all but the priestly party, and the moderate constitutional party, (neither of which are for the moment of much account with the jieople) column after column of graphic letter writing from professional writers sent by their respective journals to the seat of war; then we have less literary, but far more graphic, pictur esque and readable, the letters of officers, and sol diers, intended for private reading, hut finding their way to the public, through indiscreet friends and the hospitality of the journals. Then we have popular songs—not exactly such as Beran ger would have written—but gay and gaily sung in the streets; and brilliant spectacle-plays in the large popular theatres. More than all this, we have the fathers, cousius, lovers of five hun hundred thousand soldiers, each one hoping for his relative, advancement and glory. We have the innate French love of glory and the old Na poleonic association. Two weeks, or so ago, an official call for old linen to make lint for the wounded soldiers, was published. And which one of the arron dissments of Paris responded most promptly and gloriously to the call? Why the 12th ar rondissement, which, as you know, is the most populous and the poorest—before a week was over its inhabitants had sent in over four thou sand pounds of linnen and lint. Not that the other quarters of Paris, or other parts o f the country are behind hand. I have no room for more facts of this kind, and close with these two. The most loudly applauded of all the performan- j ces at the Circus of the Champs Elysees is that of a child some ten years old, who in the dress of a Zouave goes through the varied operations ; of drumming everything hut a retreat, of shoot- j ing, bayoneting and knocking down an imagina- i rv Austrian enemy. Y\ hen the little rogue , comes to the bayoneting, the applause is tre- , mendous. An acquaintance of mine is a teacher j in a large school here which employs fourteen male servants ; the other day five ol the four- j teen left the establishment to join tli army as . volunteers. A single anecdote telling how one one of the oridges was thrown across the Ticino, and I have done. The Emperor called for the Captain of pontonniers, and asked how much time he . needed to make the bridge ? “ Two hours and a halt; sire, if wo work fast.” “ Captain, said Napoleon, looking at his watch, I give you an hour and a quarter.” “We will try, sire.” “No, don’t try; do it.” As fast as the boats were se cured the Engineer jumped from the next to the last, to the last. By the time the hour and a quarter was up, General Clere and his brig ade had begun to enter on the bridge. The Emperor retracing his stefs over the completed bridge, approached the Captain of pontonniers, who was wiping the perspiration from his brow, took him by the hand and said “ Commandant , je vous remercie." So, you see, the war is popular. — CHESS. The following was the concluding game which occurred in the late telegraphic match, between Augusta and Charleston: Kings Gambit declined. White (Augusta) Black (Charleston) 1 Pto K 4th P to K 4th 2 P to K B 4th P to Q 4th 8 K P takes P P to K 6th (a) 4 BtoQKtStUch PtoQBSd 6 P takes P P takes P 6 B to Q B 4th Kt to K B 3d 7 P to Q 4th BtoQSd 8 Ktto Q B 3d B to Q Kt sth •J K Kt to K 2d Kt to Q 4th 10 Castles Pto KB 4th 11 B to Q 2d (b) B to Q K 4th 12 Q to K (c) B to Q Kt 8d 18 Q Kt to Q Q to K B 3d 14 Q to K B 2d (d) Castles (e) 15 B to Q Kt 3d KtoK(f) 16 P to Q B 4th Kt to K 2d 17 B to Q B 8d (*) Q to K Kt 8d 18 Kt to K 3d (h) B to Q Kt 2d 19 PtoK Kt 4th (i) P takes P (j) 20 P to K B sth Q to K Kt 4th 21 Q to KB 4th Q takes Q 22 Kt takes Q (k) Q Kt to Q 2d (1) 28 Kt to K 6th (m) K to Q B (n) 24 QKt takes P Kt to K BBd (o) 25 Kt takes Kt P takes Kt 26 K to K (p) P to Q B 4th 27 P to Q sth Kt takes Q P (q) 28 P takes Kt K to K B (r) 29 Kt takes R R takes Kt 80 B to Q 114th Charleston resigns the game and the match. At the conclusion of the match, the score stood: Augusta 2, Charleston 1, Drawn 2. NOTES. (a) This move was first given by Mr. Falkbeer. a strong German player, at present resident in England. It con stitutes what is known as the Falkbeer-Lederer Refusal of the King's Gambit If not correctly answered, it snatches the attack almost immediately from the first placer, and delivers him over, bound hand and foot, to bis adversary, for dissection. We believe the correct reply is given in the present game. (h) This quiet looking move effectually prevents Black’s castling; for If Black now castle, he loses at least the exchange: Thus— 11th Castles 12 Kt takes Kt P takes Kt (best) 18 B takes B P takes B 14 B takes R Q takes B (c) Still preventing Black's castling, as he must now lose apiece if he attempt to do so. (d) This laokn like a bad move, inasmuch as it places the Queen in front of the King upon a diagonal, which Is battered by the adverse Bishop; but it is in reality, in the present instance, a very pxsl move. (e) Black, determined to get his King In “safe quar ters," gets him into difficulties by this move, lie should have played B to Q li 3d, • (f 1 Fearing the effect of P to Q B 4th on the part of White. (g) White's Bishops have now taken up very formidable positions, the more so from what, at first sight, would seem to weaken their attacking power, to-wit, the two pawns in front of them, as either one or the other may be unmasked as circumstances may require, and Black is thus under the necessity of guarding against the open ing of both. (h) White’s position is now far superior to Black's. (i) A bold and unexpected move, but nevertheless we think perfectly sound under the circumstances, notwith standing the relative jiositions of the White King and the adverse Queen. (j) We think Black would have done better not to cap ture the pawn, and to play instead Kt to Q 2d, but even in that ease his position would have been very much cramped bv the advance of White pawn to K Kt sth. (k) Much better than retaking with the Kook. (l) He cannot safely take K's B's pawn with Knight. (m) White has now a winning position. (n) lie could not have moved R to B 2d or to B 3d without loss. (o) Had Black played pawn to Q B 4th White would have replied P toQb’th. if Black had then taken Queen's pawn with either Knight or Bishop, White would have mated in two moves. (p) To avoid the effect of P toQ B 4th. (q) This Knight was sacrificed under the impression that Black would get a good counter-attack by playing Pto Q B sth. The Charlestonians, however, appear to have discovered their error immediately after the sacrifice of the Knight, and abandoned the idea of advancing the jiawn. Had they done so, the following would have been the result: 28 P takas Kt P to Q B sth 29 R to K Kt B takes R 30 1{ takes B I! to K B (best*) 31 Kt takes R R takes Kt 32 B takes QB P and must win. » • (r) Sheer desperation. ♦ls instead of this move, Blaek play Pto K I’ 4th, or to K R 3d. White mates in four moves. — At a social gathering; lately held in London, Cardinal Wiseman told what was deemed a good story to illustrate the effect of careful botanical observation. Here it is: A gentleman in Rome had a great passion for excavating, and his tact in discovering old ruins was most remarkable.— In the “ Martyrologies of the Popes,” it was stated that Pope Alexander, a martyr in one of the early persecutions, had been buried in a church at a distance of eight miles from Rome, on a particular side. Several attempts had been made to find the site of the building, but without success. The gentleman he referred to at last determined to try, and, after carefully measuring the distance, set to work. In a few days the workman discovered the church, which had been buried for eight centuries. The roof, of course, was completely broken in, but otherwise it was in an excellent state of preservation. There was the memorable altar, with the names of the per sons on it who had erected the church in the fifth Christian century, the names of the magistrates and consuls in whose time it was built, and there was the name of the very Pope who had been buried there. The place in which this interesting discovery was made, was a very large field, and lie (the Cardinal) inquired how he could have been able to fix upon the exact spot? His friend replied : “Look at this little plant; wherever that grows I know there is a ruin underneath." No one else, probably, had ever noticed this sin gular characteristic of this plant. » " Selling a Sharper.” —A sailor, calling up on a goldsmith, asked what might bo the value of an ingot of gold as big as his arm ? The shopkeeper beckoned him m a back room, and primed him with grog. lie then asked to see the ingot. “ Oh, ’ said Jack, “ I haven't got it yet, but I’m going to Pike’s Peak, and would like to know the value of such a lump before I start.” The jeweler started him out of the shop." FUN, FACT, AND PHILOSOPHY. ‘ I don’t believe it's any use this vaccinating,’ said an old lady. ‘I bad a child vaccinated, and it fell out of the window, a week after, and i got killed and died.’ “ The little darling—he didn't strike Mrs. Smith’s baby a purpose, did he ? It was a mere i accident, wasn’t it dear?” " Yes, ma’am, to be j sure it was, and if he don’t behave himself I’ll crack him again.” Books are distinguished according to the ■ number of pages in a sheet of paper on which 1 they are printed; as two leaves, four pages, is I called a folio , four leaves, eight pages, quarto or ! 4to; eight leaves, sixteen pages, octavo or 8vo; twelve leaves, twenty-four pages, twelves duo rlecimo or 12mo; sixteen leaves, thirty-two pages, sixteen?,, or 16mo; eighteen leaves or thirty-six pages octo decimo, eiyhteens , or 18mo ; The size of a book is always determined in the trade by the size or designation of the sheet of paper on which it is printed— foolscap, 4to, or 8vo; post, 8vo; demy, 8vo; royal. Bvo, etc., etc. A cheerful countenance is the index to a i good disposition. A Man who has no bills against him, belongs to the order of no-bil-ity in more than one sense.’’ —so says some punster, and thereby utters not j a pun merely, but a valuable truth. Would I that there were more of this worthy order— more who acted upon John Randolph’s maxim | —“ Pay as you go.” I Alphabetical Queries. —Why is the letter I A like a meridian ? Why is the letter B like a hot fire ? Why is the letter E like the end of time ? Why is the letter I like the American revolu tion? Why is the letter L like a young lady giving away her sweetheart to another ? Why is the letter M like the first glass of rum? When Sir William Hamilton announced to the Royal Irish Academy his discovery of the cen tral sun—the star round which our orb of day | and his planetary attendants revolve—a wag gish member exclaimed, “What! our sun's sun 1 why that must be a grand-sun Seventy thousand dollars have been collected for the establishment of the new museum of Comparative Zoology in Boston: which amount, with $50,000 donated by Mi\ Gray, makes the total available fund $120,000, exceeding by $20,000 the sum required by the legislative en actment to insure State aid to the amount of SIOO,OOO more. Ground for the museum will be broken this summer. To owe an obligation to a worthy friend, is a happiness, and can be no disparagement. Hope makes a good breakfast, but a poor supper. “ You would be very pretty indeed;” saida gentleman patronizingly to a young lady, “if your eyes were only a little larger.” "My eyes may bo very small, sir, but such people as you don’t fill them.” When Barney and Bill “ He was looking quite ill,” Bill stuck to his habit of impudent joking— “ That's the difference," quoth he, “Betwixt you and me— That I'm looking ill, and that you are ill-looking.” Twenty Thousand Widows. —Sir Walter Scott admits that the battle of Waterloo created in the Britism empire fifteen thousand widows. It is probable that the recent battle of Magenta has created at least twenty thousand widows and , sixty thousand orphans. ■ The surest remedy against the fear of death is the hope of Heaven. 1 They who have an honest and engaging look, r ought to suffer a double punishment if they belie it in their actions. A mile or so from town, a gentleman met a > boy on horseback, crying with cold. ‘Why don't you get down and lead the horse ?’ said our friend. ‘ That's the way for you to get warm.’ 1 It's a b-b-borrowed horse ; and I'll ride him ; if I freeze.’* > “ Sam, I have lost my watch overboard—it lies in twenty feet water. Is there any wav to l getit?” i “ Yes, of course there is,” “ How, Sam?” “ Why, divers ways, to be sure.” > ‘‘l live by my pen,” said a vulgar author to a lady. • 1 “ You look, sir, as if you ought to live in a * pen,” was the reply. Lager Beer Adulterations. —Hunt’s Mer chnnt's Magtzine enumerates no less than thirty - eight substances which are employed to give > potency, flavor, consistence, and other desirable ® qualities to this detestable form of grog. Among , them are chalk, marble dust, opium, tobacco, henbane, oil of vitriol, copperas, alum, strych nine, and other deadly drugs. Des Cartes, the philosopher, on being jested by a certain marquis for indulging himselfin the luxuries of the table, replied: „ “ What, sir, do you suppose that Providence sent good things only for fools?” A Man once asked a company of little boys what they were good for. One little fellow very ; promptly answered, “We are good to make men ] of.” > A pragmatical young fellow, sitting at table [ over against the learned John Scott, asked him what difference there was between Scott and , sot ? “ Just the breadth of the table,” answered { the other. i Herring. —The products of the herring fisli , ery on our eastern coast are very great. A i writer from Kastport states that no less than t thirty thousand bsrrrels of Magdalen herring t have already been brought into that place the ; present season, are now ready for sale, apd will > find a quick market—thus bringing into that i small place about ninety thousand dollars for a few weeks’ labor in one department of the fish i eries.— Augusta (Me.) Age. ’ Why repent ye a second time of an action of which you have already repented ? In Essex county, Mass., the value of the wild pigeons annually captured is $20,000. In some towns 3,000 dozen are taken every year. They bring about a dollar a dozen in the Boston market. “ Never put ofT till to-morrow what you can do to-day,” said an advising mother to her child. “ Well, then, mamma, let us eat the cranberry pie that’s in the safe,” was the child's precocious reply. If you wish to dispense with butter, take a sweet, plump damsel to wife; and you can relish your crust and coffee at breakfast without anv hut her. Answers to “Alphabetical Quep,ies."— Because A is in the middlo of day. Because B makes oil boil. Because E is the beginning of Eternity. Because I is the beginning of Independence. Because I, makes over lover. Because M is the beginning of Misery.