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MAKING PEA VINE HAY. The editor of the American Cotton Planter and Soil, in answer to a query, “How to make Pea Vine Hay,” replies as follows: The pea is, practically, the clover of the South We esteem the pea as one of the very best hay plants known to the Southern planters. The very best hay that we have ever used, we have made of pea vines; the common “cow-pea,” the “redrip per,” Ac. For the purpose of making hay the peas may be sowed either broadcast or in the drill.— Os course the great object of the planter will be, in sowing peas for hay, to pursue such course as will always enable him to grow a heavy crop on the ground. Like all other hay plants, there is a best time for cutting the pea vines to make hay. That best time is when the plants have a large number of the pods, in appearance near grown, but before any of them are ripe and dry, and before any of the leaves begin to fall off.— At this stage of the growth, the vines should be cut with a good mowing blade. I prefer cutting them up. The root containing woody fibre, dries hard, and stock cannot eat it. The proper way to make good hay of the pea vines, is to have hands follow along directly after those mowing, and take up the cut vines and put them in close and compact cocks, about the size and height of a common flour barrel. In this condition they will cure finely in three or four days, and may be removed either to the barn or stack, when all the leaves and fruit will bo saved sweet and in good condition for stock. Let it be distinctly borne in mind that the vines mu-st not be put up wet either by rain or dew. Indeed it is essential to success that they bo cut dry and put up before getting wet, and also before too much willed by the sun. This is a subject of the first importance. We are prompted to this assertion by many years ob servation on the evil effects of “fodder-pulling,” only another, but destructive mode of hay making. We have said it before, and we again repeat, that the blades of our Indian corn should be allowed to dry upon the stalk, that the grain in the ear of corn might be ripened and fully perfected. As further confirmation, we furnish tho result of an experiment made by Mr. Geo. Seaborn, of South Carolina. Now if we dispense with the injurious practice of making hay by “ fodder-pulling,” we must make hay of pea vines, of red clover, or of our native grass. There is no fact better established than that we can make better hay and cheaper, and with less injury to the health of our hands, out of pea vines and our native grasses, than by pulling the blades off our corn. The difficulty and only ob stacle with us is the blind prejudice and custom inherited from our fathers. The corn cannot part with the blades safely before it is ripe and entirely hard, and when the grain is thus ripe every planter well knows that the blades make but very “trashy fodder.”— Rural Register. — MANNER OF MILKING. From an article on tho “ Dairy” in the Irish Fanner's Gazette, we make the following ex tract : “The manner of milking exerts a more pow erful and lasting influence on the productiveness of the cow than most farmers are aware of. — That a slow and careless milker soon dries up tho best of cows, every practical farmer and dai ryman knows. The first requisite of a good milker is, of course, udder cleanliness. Without this the milk is unendurable. The udder should, therefore, be carefully cleaned before the milk ing commences. Tho milker may begin gradu ally and gently, but should steadily in<»ouo« the rapidity of the operation till the udder is emp tied, using a pail sufficiently large to hold all, without the necessity of changing. Cows are very sensitive, aud the pail cannot be changed, nor can the milker stop or rise during tho pro cess of milking without leading the cow more or less to withhold her milk. The utmost care should be taken to strip to the last drop, and to do it rapidly, and not in a slow and negligent manner, which is sure to have its effect on the yield of the cow. If any milk is left, it is re absorbed into the system, or else becomes caked, and diminishes the tendency to secrete a full quantity afterwards. If gentle and mild treatment is observed and persevered in, the op eration of milking appears to be one of pleas ure to the animal, as it undoubtedly is, but if an opposite course is pursued—if, at every restless movement, caused, perhaps, by pressing a sore teat, tho animal is harshly spoken to —she will be likely to learn to kick as a habit, and it will be difficult to overcome it afterwards. To in duce quiet and readiness to give down the milk freely, it is better that the cows should be fed at milking-time with cut food, or roots, placed with in their easy reach. The same person should milk tho same cow regularly, and not change from one to another, unless there are' special reasons for it.” Modern Modes of Farming. —Perhaps in no branch of the sciences has there been greater improvements in the past few years than in agri culture. In fact, from being a pursuit in which a few general principles only were acted upon, it has become a pure science. Agricultural chemistry has come to tho relief of the farmer. It has given him a reason fordoing many things which he only did, because such was the cus tom. It has told him how land can be cultiva ted, so as to preserve its strength while yielding bountifully, and how land which has been worn out by successions of the same crop, can be re novated. It has told him that, by following certain rules, the result of scientific research, certain effects will be produced, and land made to yield far more than it did under the old sys tem of cultivation. The farmer has discovered that, while it was a poor business to till the earth negligently, under the system of high farm ing, as it is termed, his profits are greatly in creased. The full benefits of improved Agricul ture, however, are yet to be felt in this country. — The Farmer’s Wife. —ls there any position a mother can covet for her daughter, more glo rious than to be the wife of an honest, indepen dent, happy farmer, in a country like this? To be the wife of one who is looked up to by the neighbors as one whose example may be safely followed—one whose farm is noted far and near as a model of neatness and perfection of cultiva tion ? To be the mistress of a mansion all her own, that may be the envy of every passer-by, because it is neat and comfortable —a sweet and lovely cottage home. To be the angel that flits through the garden, bidding flowers bloom and twining roses and honey-suckles around the bed-room, or sweetening their fragrance with her sweetest smiles; or spreading the snow-cloth beneath the old oak at the door to welcome her husband as he returns from his toil; or ever tipping the cradlo with her foot, as she plies the dasher with her hand, or busily moves the nee dle, at the same time humming a joyous song of Praise that she is the happy and fondly-beloved wife of an American farmer—one of the true noblemen of this free country—one that should by rights rank as the pride and glory of America. SOtrTOKS&ST VX3BO Ml VX&3SBX9S. MR. MECHTS ANNUAL GATHERING. On Saturday, about 400 gentlemen interested in the success of agriculture assembled, accord ing to custom, at Mr. Mechi’s Model Farm at Tiptree Heath, Essex, and had the opportunity of witnessing what can be done by a liberal ex penditure of capital, followed up by untiring en ergy and zeal. A few years since and the spot which now marks this farm was a heath, hardly capable of producing a blade of- nourishing Grass. Mr. Mechi, finding his land of the poor est description, set to work in earnest, and in a short time had his farm thoroughly drained, the hedges knocked down, the land added to Ins fields, and nearly every tree stubbed up. All this has, however, not been done at once. Mr. Mechi has had much to contend with, as will be seen from a lecture he recently gave, when he said “ Vainly did I try by solid manures to ren der this vile plastic clay into a useful pasture. It was like bird-lime in winter and cast-iron in summer; poor, indigenous, and drab-colored Grasses, choked aud eradicated the finer kinds I had sown, and the animals wandered about hollow and dissatisfied. Now fine and fatten ing grasses clothe the field with perpetual ver dure, and it keeps three times as many animals and the close and shaven pasture indicates their affection for it.” The manure which is used at Tiptree is liquified, and underground pipes are laid throughout the farm, with plugs at inter vals for the hose to be placed in and the manure distributed. Shortly after the bulk of the company had ar rived, they proceeded with Mr. Mechi to view the farm and stock. The Wheat, Barley and Oat are all that could be wished, and the Mangold Wurtzel and other root crops seemed to be in excellent condition. If one could be permitted to form an estimate applying to the county at large from Mr. Mechi’s farm, we are promised a most abundant harvest. The cattle, pigs, sheep, and other live stock were healthy and clean.— But his stock is reduced in quantity; and as bad times found him adventurous, good times and high prices induce him to realise. Not the least attractive part of the day’s pro ceeding wos the exhibition of new agricultural implements. A machine for thinning root crops, very simple in its construction, was pronounced successful. A ponderous machine, the inven tion of the Earl of Dundonald, for cutting up the ground and putting down pipes for draining purposes, also attracted some share of attention. Hussy’s reaping machine, as made by Dray <fc Co., was tried upon some wheat, a portion of which was very much laid, and the result was so satisfactory that several orders were given on the spot. The principal alterations made in its construction are the skeleton blade and tho tilting platform—subjects of two separate pat ents. The knives are made to assume an out line instead of a solid form ; this only affords an egress for the rubbish, but having four cutting edges instead of two, it completely minces any weedy material which would otherwise hang to it; and thus renders choking or clogging an im possibility. Messrs. Dray & Co. also exhibited an improv ed Grass and grain separator, which is referred to in our report of Carlisle. The inspection of the crops and farmyards over, the company repaired to a large marquee, and partook of a cold collation. Mr. Mechi pre sided, and was supported on his right by the Lord Mayor, and on his left by the Marquis of Drogheda. Among the company present we noticed tho Earl of Essex, Mr. D. Waddington, M. P., Mr. Bass, M. P., Mr. Apsley Pellatt, M. p. x-o-, a— an usual lujal ain l conetitwttonol toasts having been received with enthusiasm, the Chairman proposed the “ Bishop and Clergy of the Diocese, coupling with it the name of the Rev Mr. Sidney.” (Cheers.) The Rev. E. Sidney in reply said, that when a few years ago he held an appointment in the county of Norfolk, and was then surrounded with a number of practical farmers, he first turn ed his attention to the subject of the diseases of Wheat. The more he looked into the subject, the more convinced was he that science must be brought to the aid of agriculture, aud as a proof of that he need only refer them to the beautiful farm which they that day had inspected. And here he might mention that when a few years since a prize was offered for the best essay on the subject, so little was known of it that when the council read over (lie papers that had been sent'in they refused to accept either of them.— Upon going through the fields that day, he had observed that some of tho ears were diseased. Now that disease was an infliction of an insect, but it looked very much like the work of fungi. That insect was known to them as the midge.— If they went into the fields in June, just before sunset and examined the Wheat, they would discover a little straw-colored insect, which left its eggs, which were hatched and destroyed the grain. They were in turn destroyed by the ich neumon. In threshing, the chaff’ contained the midge, and should be destroyed. The Earl of Essex proposed the health of their worthy host (loud cheers). Among the 350 gen tlemen whom he saw around him, there might be some among them who did not coincide with all Mr. Mechi’s views on agriculture generally, but he would take it for granted that they were all admirers of that gentleman, and that they looked upon the work in which he was engaged as one which would tend to promote the happi ness of mankind. Mr. Mechi was one of those who, when he had undertaken a work which he considered right and proper, if he fulled to suc ceed in it the first year, did not tamely give in. He thought the agriculturists should show them selves grateful to those tradesmen who, having beeu successful in other trades, invested their surplus earnings in developing the full powers of the land of their conntry. Mr. Mechi, by his experiments and patience, had set himself up as a beacon to show them the quicksands which they ought to avoid ; and on the other liqnd his conduct was an incitement to others to follow out his experiments. In such a light they ought to look upon him, and as he was a man who de sired well of his country, he should call upon them to drink his health with three times three cheers. Mr. Mechi, on rising, was received with loud cheers, which were several times renewed. He said if he were a vain man, they would most as suredly spoil him. When he first turned his at tention to farming, he looked at it in the same light that he should any other matter of busi ness where there was room for improvement, and he could only say that he did no more than he would in taking any other business. Having purchased this-and other farms, he turned his attention to whether they would or would not prove a profitable investment, and he set to work to find out what was wanted, and he soon as certained that the great bulk of his property wanted draining, good roads, deeper cultivation, more manure, aud more integrity in its manage ment. He should ne er forget the time when he first went over the Tiptree property. It was on a 25th of September; the day was wet. the land being part light and part bog was very much like bird-lime, and the more he walked, the deeper he got into it, and then he felt that it wasastate of things that was not at all satis- factory. The tenant said the land was very poor, and that he could not afford to pay for improve ments, so he determined to make them himself. He had at the outset made some errors of a practical nature ; but they were all corrected now. No clay was so stiff’ but that it could be amended, and if it was yellow clay, let them make a good deep fallow, and exposo it to the light and air. lie told them not to put too much seed in the ground: all he put was one bushel per acre. He was happy to say that this year he should make a very large profit by his crop. He said this in no vain, boasting spirit, for he knew the difference between 80s. and 40s. per quarter, but he made all his improvements when corn was cheap, and when, at the same time, labor was cheap He was of opinion that the great future of agriculture lay in the further development of steam power, and although the steam plow had been pronounced a failure, he believed that it was a very triumphant beginning. He would venture to predict that steam would yet be the great motive power of agriculture, and there was high hope for it in the name of steam. Having given some details of the com parative powers of steam with that of horses, taking for his data the reports of that valuable society, tho Royal Agricultural Society of En gland, ho stated that it was sheer folly to place the two in competition together, and concluded by thanking the company for the honor they had done him in drinking liis health. Other toasts having been given and respond ed to, the assemblage separated, highly pleased with the day’s proceedings. — London Agricultu ral Gazette. ■ M NAPOLEON AS A FARMER. Louis Napoleon farms very extensively. In addition to the farms on the Crown lands and on estates which liavo been acquired for him in Sologrne and Landes, he occupies, as tenant of the State, a vast tract in Champagne. At the present time the extent of land farmed by the Emperor is about 50,000. The extent may be increased considerably at any time by reclaim ing lands in his possession, but not in cultiva tion. The number of farms is twenty-six, and nine additional farms are to be formed in the course of the year and incoming Spring, thus making thirty-five farms. Tho number of new steadings and those in course of erection is twenty. Besides the lands farmed, there are grazings in the domains or parks of St. Cloud, Versailles, Madon, St. Germaine, Champagne, Fontainbleau, Biarritz, Senart, Vincennes, Ac. Portions of these are in grass and portions are in forest. In addition to the estates at Sologne and Landes, the Emperor has purchased a prop erty in tho south of France, near to Bayonne, consisting of 2,500 acres, which is being drain ed and put under cultivation. The lands were originally a morass; part is still ta reclaim. It is understood that after the estate has been thoroughly improved, it will be presented by the Emperor to the present Minister for Foreign Af fairs, Count Walewski. In the centre of the barren lands of Bretagne, the cousin of the Em peror, Princess Baciochi, is reclaiming an ex tensive estate out of heath. The whole lands farmed by the Emperor are being reclaimed and cultivated upon the systems the best suited for the character of the soils, climates and situa tions. These farms are in different parts of France, and chiefly in the less improved dis tricts. Early Fattening of Animals. —The philoso phy of increaso of fat in animals is, that the di gested RjoU not nopded to supply waste in the system, is laid up in the form of fat around tire muscles, ready to bo absorbed again into the circulation if needed'. Waste is induced by ex ercise, or use of the muscles, and also by com bustion in the lungs, of the digested food, to supply animal heat. Hence, the same amount of food given in warm weather will, if digested, afford a greater surplus of fat than when fed in cold weather. Hogs or other animals intended for fattening should be shut up this month, (September.) Many advocate making the size of the fattening pen so small that the animal will have but just room to stand or lie. While confinement favors rest and a disposition to fat ten, too close quarters are not healthful for the animal, which needs moderate exercise to pro mote digestion The quality of the flesh pro duced must be somewhat impaired by any con finement that interferes with the health. The appetite may be kept up by change of food, a frequent supoly of green vegetables, such as corn, cabbage-leaves, pea-vines, and the refuse of the garden. Cooked food digests much more easily than raw, and is in a condition to yield more nourishment, and is also better relished by most kinds of stock. Cleanliness in the fatten ing pens should not be overlooked. Although pigs proverbially are filthy, they are not really so; they do not delight in the effluvia of their own droppings, as any one can see by noticing that they generally appropriate one portion of the pen to filth. An occasional washing and scrubbing with soap-suds will conduce much to their thrift—all animals keep in condition more easily when the skin is kept clean and healthy. — To Cure Hard Pulling Horses. — A writer in the London Field, thus describes a remedy for hard pulling horses: “ Put a curb chain inside the mouth, from hook to hook, instead of out. How or why it acts with such considerable effect, I know not, but at times it utterly puts an end to over-pul ling. To stop a runaway horse, or render the most pulling brute quiet and playful with his bit, get a double plan snaffle, rather thick and hea vy, the joints rather open—cut an old curb chain in half, and let it hang down from the bottom snaffle joint. When the brute offers to pull or bolt, instantly merely drop your hand ; of course the curb chain will drop between his front teeth, and should the beast savage it—if any of your correspondents wish to try the effect on them selves, they have only to place a nut between their front teeth and try to crack it—they will soon understand the vast difference between pleasure and pain. So does the horse, and in a short time he will play with the very thing he before tried to savage, and in tho end become, from a vicious brute, a playful and good mouth ed animal." There are seven reasons why farmers are healthier than professional men, viz: 1. They work more and develop all the lead ing muscles of the body. 2. They take their exercise in the open air and breath a great amount of oxygen. 3. Their food and drinks are commonly less adulterated and far more simple. 4. They do not overwork their brain as much as industrious professional men. 5. They tako their sleep commonly during the hours of darkness, and do not try to turn day into night. 6. They are not so ambitious and do not wear themselves out so rapidly in the contest of rival ry. 7. Their pleasures are simple and less ex hausting. COMMERCIAL. AUGUSTA MARKET. COTTON.—We had an active trade in cotton tLe past week, and prices continued regular. The sales, so far as h ive been reported to us, were 7,205 bales, and the reoeirts 10,284 bales. It may be proper to remark, in this connection, that there are, very frequently, large sales in our market which :.re not re ported, and we think it likely the sales last week were fully equal to the receipts, and the shipments about equal to th ‘ quantity received, leaving the stock on hand about what it was on the lstinst. The class of cotton now comingforward averages from Strict to Good Middling, and we notice wry little, if any, of low quality, »r of the "adul crateu” sort, with dust or sand inter mixed. If much of the inferior grades have been gathered, the planters very sensibly keep it at home. There is no de mand, at present, in any market of the world, for low des criptions of cotton, at p:!ees which would warrant gathering, ginning, packing, transportation. Insurance, commit,ions. and otiier charges incident to the sale of such cottons. It It possi ble that a demand may arise for low qualities and dusty des criptions, but it has not jet < ccurred; but, on the contrary, buyers in all markets repudiate all such. Crop.— The increased receipts of the present crop, ever last year, at the same time, may be stated in round numbers at one hundred thousand bales, and the increased stock ateighty-flve thousand bales. The season has been favorable for opening and picking, and the lndicatiors favor the opinion ol a very large crop, and at least 4,000,0 >0 hales. If the peace of Europe is not affected by the political changes whb h appear to be go. ing forward, commercial confidence will be maintained, ard price? for cotton continue stealy and remunerative. Every year the demand for American cotton increases, and, within the past few years, the demand has kept pace with production, and fair prices been maintained. With a l rge crop—a crop exceeding the lust by several bundled thousand ba'es—we do not anticipate any reduction in prices. The com nercial and manufacturing interests, hrwever, want good in rchantable cotton, and we have no idea (bat any undue quantity of that can be brought forward this season to reduce present prices. Os course.all business men expect slight fluctuations in values —such a contingency is incident to all trading operatio-s, where an active demand for pressing wants n ay slightly advance, or where a dull market may partially depress prices. An active demand, at any time, is substantially equivalent to Si cent ad vance, as a dull market is tantamount to X cent decline. Holders may npoit the market unchanged, but they elevate or depress their classifications so as to answer their purposes. Forins'ance, in a brisk market, Strict Middling descriptions are classed as Good M Iddiings, and in a dull market, the same quality of cotton, to effect sales, is regarded as barely Strict Middling. We believe this custom prevails in all markets; and, although quotations may be reported unchanged, it is not so with classifications. PROVISIONS There is a good t emand for Bacon at our quotations, and the market closes firm. BREADSTUFFS.—Flourhasslightly advanced, but the demand is most iy for home consumption. Our quotations arc altered to suit the present rates. Cora is firm, in consequence of the present scarcity. It is readily selling from wagons at 90 cents, dollvere I, and on the ear. Sacked Cora, by whole sale, may be quoted from 95c. to 81, and at retail from tl 05 to *1 10. GROCERIES There Is a bilsk demand for all the leading articles in the grocery trade, and our dealers are kept busy. Stocksare large and Inviting, and the business of the season unusually flattering. We have no change to report In other articles. For latest quotations of Cotton Market, see eighth page of this number. Commercial Intelligence—Per America. Liverpool Cotton Market. —[From the Broker's < ircular.}— The market showed an advancing tendency, particularly tor all dean descriptions, owing to their scarcity. On Midulirg qualities of American, particularly of ew Orleans and Mo bile, there had neen an advance or %<\. The sales of the week of all descriptions, footed up 58.800 bales, of which speculators took 2,500 bales and exporters 8,000, the market closing steady. The sales on Friday footed up 8,000 bales, of which 2.000 were for speculation and export. The market closed steady at the following uthorised quotations: New Orleans Fair ; dit to, Middling 7 3-16; Mobile Fair 7K: ditto. Middling 7 ; Up land Fair 7% : ditto MU dling 6 1116. The stock of cotton in port, ate rding to the last weekly re turns. footed up 519,000 bales, of wh.ch 372,000 were of Ameri can descriptions. Manchester Markets.— The advices from Manchester were unfavorable, especially for India goods, which had a down ward tt*ndei cv. Havre Mirkets —Cotton advancing: particularly the Fair and M iddling qualities. The sales of the week, including the Uth. foot up 9,500 bales. New Orleans Tres Ordinaire 115 f., ditto. Bus It sf. The stock In port was 44.000 hales. Wheat of all sorts had declined considerably. Ashes dull and pi Ices weak. Coffee firm. Oils inactive, but unchanged In price. Bice firm. Sugar dull. Lard Arm, but duh. Whalebone tu nc We. Financial The London Money Market was slightly more stringent, hut the supply w s abundant. The bullion in the Boik of England had decreased, since last weekly return, £339,000. Consols clo®ed on Friday at for money and acc' unt. The Latest.—Liverpool. Saturday Afternoon—Cotton.— £ales to-day 8,000 bales, of which ],600 bales were lor specula tion and export. Market closed steady. Breadstuff* quiet, but steady. Provisions dull. London, Baturd y Afternoon —[By Telegraph.l—Consols 95%@96 for money and account; the market closing dull. AUGUSTA PRICES CURRENT. WHOLESALE PRICES. BACON.—Hams *Vs 11 @ 14 Clear Sides * !1> 12)4@ is Rib Sides *lb 11)4® 12 Shoulders if< ft 8)q«j, 9 BAGGING—Gunny * vard... IS)4@ 15 BEESWAX *ft 30 @ S 5 BUTTER.—Goshen *tb 23 @ 25 Country *1 ft 15 @ 22 BRlCK—Building Brick * 10b0... @ 7 00 Paving Brick * 1000... @ 8 00 Pressed Brick V 1000... @2O 00 Well Brick * 1000... @ 9 00 CANDLES.—Adamantine *ft 20 @ 24 Chemical Sperm 1R ft 83 @ 85 Pure do *ft 43 @ 60 Patent Sperm Vft 56 @ 60 CHEESE.—Northern White Vft 12 @ 12K English Dairy *ft 18 @ 14 COFFEE —Rio *ft 11 X@ 18 Laguira *lb 13 @ 14 Java Vft 17 @ IS CEMENT 1R bb1.... 2 25 @ 2 50 Plaster * bb1.... 8 25 @ 8 60 DOMESTIC GOODS—Yarns * yard... 95 @1 CO % Shirting, Brown * yard... 4 & 6 X Shirting. “ * yard... 6)4® IX 1 Shirting, “ V vard... 8 @ 10 5- Shirting, “ * yard... 10 @ 14 6- Shirting. •• V yard... 12>4@ 162 f Fine Sea Island Shirting it yard... 8 @ 12 Osuahurgs * yard... 10 @ 11 Drillings * yard.— 8 @ 10 FEATHERS 4* ft *43 @ 45 FLOUR—Tennessee Extra Family* bb1.... 7 00 @ 7 25 Extra Superfine * bb1.... 6 50 @ 6 75 Te nesat-eSuperfine it bb1.... 6 00 @ 6 25 Granite Mills, Extra Family....* bb1.... 7 50 @ 8 00 “ *• Extra * bb1.... 675 @7 00 " •• ISuperflne * bb1.... 650 @6 15 Carmichael Mills, Extra Family* bb1.... 7 50 @ 7 75 •• •* Extra * bb1.... 7t« @7 25 “ “ Superfine....* bb1.... 650@ 675 Paragon Mills, Extra Family....* bb1.,.. 7 60 @ 8 00 “ “ Superfine * bb1.... 6 00 @6 60 GRAIN.—Corn, with sacks * busn... 95 @1 06 Wheat, white, new * bush... 1 15 @ 1 25 Wheat.red, new * bush... 1 10 @ 1 15 Oats * bush... 80 @ 90 Kj’e * bush... 1 40 Peas * bush... 95 @1 00 Corn Meal, Country ground * bush... 90 @ 95 GUNPOWDER—Dupont’s * keg.... 6 60 @ 7 00 Hazard * keg.... 650 @7(O Blasting * keg.... 5 00 @ 5 25 HAY—N. rtLeru * 100.... 140 @1 60 Eastern * 100.... 1 75 @ 2 00 HIDES *ft 13 @ 14 IRON Swedes *ft 5)4® English * ft SX& 4X LARD *ft 12 @ 18 LEAD—Bar * ft @ 8 LlME—Country * b0x.... 1 25 @ 1 55 Northern * bb1.... 1 75 @ 2 00 LUMBER * 1000....12 00 @l4 00 MOLASSES—Cuba * ga1.... 28 @ 80 Golden Syrup *gal.... 60 @ 65 NewUrleansSyrup * ga1.... 44 @ 60 NAILS * ft 4 @ 4X OILS Sperm,prime * ga1.... 200 @2 25 Lamp * ga1.... 1 10 @ 1 25 Train * ga1.... 75 @1 00 Linseed * ga1.... 1 00 @ 1 10 Castor * ga1.... 2 00 @ 2 25 RICE * ft 4)4@ 5 ROPE—llandspun *ft 8 @ 8)4 Machine *ft 9 @ 10 RAISINS * b0x.... 3 60 @4 00 SPlßlTS.—Northern Gin..... *gal.... 45 @ 58 Rum * ga1.... 46 @ 60 N.O. Whisky * ga1.... 38 @ 8f Peach Brand}’, old * ga1.... 1 76 @ 2 50 " “ new * ga1.... I 00 @ 1 25 Pure Cider Brandy, old * ga1.... 1 60 ® 1 75 Apple Brandy, new *gal.... 75 @125 Axt’s Dry Catawba Wine, 1856..* ga1.... @lO 75 “ “ “ “ 1857..* ga1.... @8 75 Holland Gin * ga1.... 1 50 @ 1 75 Cognac Brandy * ga1.... 8 00 @ 6 00 Longworth’s Cstawba Brandy..* d0t?.... @l2 75 Longworth’s Wines *d0z...8 75 @l4 25 SUGARS—N. Orleans *ft 7)4@ »X Porto Rico *» 7H@ 9>4 Muscovado * ft 6 X& IX Loaf *ft 12X@ 18)4 Crushed *ft JJX@ }]H Powdered *ft 11S<@ 11)4 Refined Coffee A * » 10M@ 10)4 Do. do. B * » 10X@ 10)4 Do. do. O * » H> SALT * sack.... 1 15 @ 1 25 BOAP—Yellow *ft « @ 8 STARCH *®> 7)4® 8 WlNE—Hemp Bagging *ft 20 @ 22)4 Cotton Wrapping *ft 28 @ 37)4 THE HOG POPULATION OF CINCINNATI. What crocodiles were in Egypt, what cows are in Bengal, or storks in Holland, pigs are in Cincinnati, with this trifling difference, their sa credness of character lasts but as long as their mortal coil; and this is abbreviated without cer emony, and from the most worldly motives. In life, the pig, if free, is honoured; he ranges the streets, he reppses in thoroughfares, he walks beneath your horse’s legs, or your own; he is everywhere respected ; but let the thread of his existence be severed, and, shade of Mahomet, what a change 1 They think in Cincinnati of nothing but makiDg the most of him. How many of his kind perish annually to cement the vast prosperity of the city of hogs can scarcely be told. About 20 years ago Cincinnati contain ed only one fifth of its existing population. A few bold speculators began the trade. Selecting the hams and sides of animals, they made pick led pork ; of the rest they took small account. Soon, however, the idea occurred to one more acute than his fellows, that the head and feet— nay, even tbo spine and vertebrae —might be turned to account; trotters and cheeks had their partisans, and these parts looked up in the mar ket. About this time the makers of sausages caught tho inspiration. They found these luxu ries salable, and so many pigs were to be slaugh tered that the butchers were willing to do it for nothing; that is to say, for the perquisite of the entrails and offal alone. The next step was due to tho genius of Franco. A Frenchman estab lished a brush manufactory, and created a mar ket for the bristles, but his ingenuity was out done by one of his countrymen, who soon after arrived. This man was determined, it seems, to share the spoil; and, thinking nothing else left, col'ected the fine hair or wool, washed, dried, and combed it, and stuffed mattresses with' it. But he was mistaken in thinking nothing else left. As but little was done with the lard, they invented machines, and squeezed oil of it; the refuse they threw away. Mistaken men again. This refuse was the substance of stearino can dles, and made a fortune to the discoverer of the secret. Lastly came one who could press chemistry to the service of mammon; he saw the blood of countless swine flow through the gutters of the city ; it was all that was left of them, but it went to his heart to see it thrown away : he pondered long, and then, collecting tho stream into reservoirs, made prussiate of potash from it by the ton. The pig was thus used used up, and nothing else was left to turn to profitable account. A large trade is carried on in sausage-skins; the entrails and bladders fetch a good price. The congealed grease, form ing the lard of commerce, is in extensive use for culinary purposes, for perfumery, ointments, salves, Ac. The oil expressed from lard is chief ly used for burning, for lubricating machinery, and generally as a substitute for olive and other oils. — Mr. P. L. Siminonds, in the London Quar terly Journal of Agriculture. A Sound Belief.—An exchange says : We believe in small farms and thorough cultivation. We believe that soil loves to eat, as well as its owner, and ought, therefore, to be manured. — We believe in large crops, which leave the land better than they found it—making both the far mer and the farm rich at once. We believe in going to the bottom of a thing, and, therefore, in deep plowing, and, enough of it. All the better if with a subsoil plow. We believe that every farmer should own a good farm. We be lieve that every fertilizer of any soil, is a spirit of industry, enterprise and intelligence—with out this, lime and bones and green manure, marl and guano will be of little use. Y(e believe in good fences, good barns, good farmhouses, good stock, good orchards, and children enough to gather the fruit. Wo firmly disbelieve in far mers that will not improve ; in farms that grow poorer every year ; in starveling cattle ; in far mers’ boys turning clerks, and merchants ; in farmers’ daughters unwilling to work, and in all farmers ashamed of their vocation, or who drink whiskey till honest people are ashamed of them. ■■ Preserving Seed Corn.—Farmers who grow but a few acres of corn should not fail of preser ving the seed in the good old way our fathers did, and if those who grow large fields of it will do the same, it will pay them well. We go in for following the old track where it was a good one. Select the largest and most perfect ears, tho earliest ripe should have the preference, and this can be decided by the hardness and dryness of the husks as well in October as any time — strip off all but three or four husks, braid from ono to two dozen ears in a bunch, and hang in some cool, dry, well ventilated place, till plant ing time. If tlie crop is late, and the cobs at harvest time, it may be well to hang the bunches in the kitchen for a few days, but not otherwise. Corn that is to be used for seed should never be subjected to the least heat or mould on the barn floor, or in the stack. Indeed no corn should, not even that for the hogs ; but special care should be taken to keep the corn designed for seed, dry and cool, no matter how cool, if the cob is sufficiently free of moisture not to freeze. —~— Rats in Illinois. —Parts of Illinois arc so ter ribly infested with rats, that the Logan county agricultural society has offered three premiums of SSO, SBO and S2O for the three largest ex hibitors of rat scalps at the Fair. A great many persons are competing for the prize, and the show promises to be large and interesting, Mr. Gordon of Kickapoo Creek, has already secured 1,113 scalps, and intends running the number up to fifteen hundred before the Fair I There is no calling under heaven half so en nobling as that of the Farmer. Tho patriarch of the field, as he sits beside the cottage door when his dady toil is over, feels an inward calm never known in the halls of pride or the Court of Appeals. Where else can we look but to the productions of the soil for safety of invest ment and for an ample return ? In commercial speculations all is chance and uncertainty, change and fluctuation, rise and fall. In mer cantile life scarcely one in ten can avoid even bankruptcy. But with the tiller of the soil, how different! As long as God is good and nature punctual, so long is he insured a life of plenty, happiness and health. — Curing Green Beans for Winter Use. — Pick good, tender, sweet string beans, cut them into pieces, about three quarters of an inch in length, throw them into boiling water, let them stand five minutes; then, having the oven heat ed just hot enough to avoid burning the beans, spread on tin or earthern dishes, set them into the oven, and let them remain there until per fectly dry, when they should bo put up in small bags and hang in a cool dry place. When you wish to cook a mess of com and beans, put them to soak over night in warm water, and cook them as usual. 199