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brighter and better color than that which grew where they had not been applied. He had ap plied them in the same proportion as Mr. Car gey- Mr. Cargev said he had recommended the ap plication to many of his neighbors, but they were afraid to use the same quantity of salt as he had done, so that they had not tried the ex periment in its integrity. He had seen wheat mildew both on land to which the lime and salt had been applied and on land to which it had not been applied. In the latter case the wheat had suffered permanently, but in tho former it had ripened off as bright as possible. Many of his neighbors had used 4 or 5 ewt. of salt, but he had never known the proportion he had named make the land stiffen — hi INDIAN CORN—ITS PRODUCT AND RESULTS. (From the Cincinnati Gazette, October 15th.) To an observer of the agriculture and climate of the United States, it is quite evident that com is the most important produce of land in this country. Estimating, as we may fairly do, the aggregate crop of 1859 at nine hundred mil lions of bushels , and the price at an average of forty cents, (and it is probably more,) the corn crop is worth three hundred and sixty millions of dollars— considerably more than double that of the cotton crop, (of which so much is said,) and of much greater relative importance to the comfort and subsistence of the people. It is time that the Western people should know something of their own products and interests. In this year (1859) if it were not for Indian com there would be almost a famine in the land. But that product is abundant, and enters into so many departments of food and convenience that it stands in place of the deficiency in other crops. It fattens hogs, it fat tens cattle, it enters into the food of man and makes the basis of the profitable though danger ous commerce in manufactured liquors. In 1858 there were 700000 hogs killed in Ohio,and in some form exported. It required eight million bushels of com, besides other food, to fatten them. This com made the pork, lard, lard-oil, candles, Ac., which were exported from Cincinnati and other ports. Ten millions of bushels were made into whiskey. Two or three millions more made fat cattle; and thus the surplus com of Ohio was manufactured into various forms of food, light and liquor. In this there was the treble profit of the farmer, merchant and manufacturer, all realized in one community. The fact that Cin cinnati concentrates the results of this triple operation is no small element in her prosperity. Twenty millions of dollars per annum will not cover the commercial operations of Cincinnati arising from the single article, Indian com. To have a good crop—which in this region is gene rally the case—is of vast importance to this community. The crop of this year, we have reason to be lieve, is abundant, but probably not greater, if as much, as in 1857. Taking several years to gether, the crops of corn in the Ohio Valley States rapidly increase; especially so in the States of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, where the population increases rapidly. The crop in any one year must depend on a combination of the people to cultivate,the adaptation of soil, and the change of seasons. With the increase of peo ple, the soil adapted to com (and in these States it is more than half the whole surface) will be more and more cultivated- The quantity of acres planted will of course increase from year to year; but the average product per acre de pends much upon the season. This is fully il lustrated by the Ohio statistics of agriculture. The following table of four years’ cultivation of Indian com in Ohio will exhibit the relation of surfaces and averages in the periods of large and small crops: Crop. Average. Acres. Bushels. Bushels. In 1850 1,537,947 56,619,G08 36.8 In 1853 1,836,493 73,436,090 40 In 1855 2,205,282 87,587,434 39.7 In 1858 1,834,138 60,863,582 28 From 1850 to 1855 the number of acres of com planted increased fifty per cent.; in the ex traordinary year of 1858 the number of acres planted decreased eighten per cent., and the av erage per acre fell still more. The cause was climatic —arising from the single fact that the spring rains fell just a month later than usual, or were enormous in amount. No such course of events has occurred in Ohio for many years, if ever. The result was, that a great deal of land could not be planted, and as a great deal of com planted could not be ripened, the crop was the smallest relatively we have ever had in Ohio. But that very crop demonstrated one thing of great importance, that the com crop could not entirely fail without a miracle. In the worst year we have had, Ohio raised fifty millions of bushels. If we turn now to the crop of this year, we find that the planting season was a good one, and with the exception of the 4th of June frost, thore has been nothing extraordinary to interfere with it. There has been neither drought nor heavy rains. The frost of the 4th of June did injure corn in some parts of Ohio, but to no great extent, especially as the great com region is in the southern part of the State. We may therefore infer, as indeed all accounts agree in stating, that in the main the corn crop of the Ohio Valley is a very good one. If we inquire what it amounts to, we have the means of calculating it very nearly. We have the population which, in some States, like Kentucky, has not increased as fast as in Ohio and Illinois. We have the crops of Ohio for a series of years, and we have the crops of 1840 and 1850 in all of them. Taking these data as a basis, we esti mate the corn crop of six States (including Mis souri) as follows: Ohio, bushels 80,000.000 Illinois, bushels 75,000,000 Indiana, bushels 65,000,000 Kentucky, bushels 65,000,000 Missouri, bushels 60,000,000 Tennessee, bushels 60,000,000 Aggregate 405,000,000 Ohio has twice raised more than is set down above. Illinois, Indiana, and Missouri have in creased rapidly in population. Tennessee and Kentucky are put down at only a small increase above their crops in 1850. On the whole, tho above estimate is by no means too large. Os the four hundred millions of bushels of corn raised in these six States two hundred mil tions will be a surplus for the fattening of hogs and cattle, the manufacture of whiskey, and ex portation to tho Atlantic and foreign markets. The marketable price of articles made from com and corn exported, (estimating in this case at New York prices,) will not bo under one hundred and fifty millions of dollars. This is again the basis of a vast and profitable trade, carried on over railroads, lakes, and rivers, making a large portion of that magnificent internal commerce which is at once cause and consequence of the more magnificent growth of this great central West. It will be recollected that this is the surplus of one staple in these six States. Even in this region alone, comprehending but a seventh part *B* SOFIK3SRK VXS&I AMD El&K&IBE. of the surface of the United States, com is of more importance than the entire cotton crop. In the Ohio valley com is the peculiar staple. In this region there is a very large extent of al luvial valleys and of limestone uplands, both pe culiarly adapted to this plant, and a climate whose long summers permit its perfect ripening. Although com grows over a very wide zone, it is by no means equally adapted or equally profit able throughout that zone. In New York the average of corn is twenty bushels per acre, but in Ohio it is thirty-four bushels. It follows that, while corn may be grown in New York or Wis consin, Florida or Texas, those are not the re gions in which it is a profitable staple. The section whose axis is the Ohio river, is the cen tre of corn growth, where it will be both abun dant and valuable. While this section is fitted for all the cereal crops, corn wifi long remain its main source of agricultural profit. The time is probably near in which all Europe will be ob liged to receive com in grain as well as manu factured. The present tendency of Europe—as it is in this country also—is to increase town popula tions while there are means of feeding them. London has more than two millions of people, Liverpool half a million, Paris a million, while such great manufacturing towns as Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Lyons, Ac., con tains millions more. These people must be fed, not merely with broad, but with meat. Wheat is too fluctuating a crop to depend on altogether; and even if it could be depended on for bread, where will they get meat, candles, lard, soap, oils, Ac. ? England imports cattle from Holland and eggs from France. But France and Ger many will soon have not enough for themselves, unless the increase of the manufacturing popu lation ceases. Indian corn is the great resource to answer tho ultimate demand for food, and it is not improbable that we shall be called upon to supply that demand to an extent beyond any thing we have anticipated. i 0 . Plowing Prairie Land for Corn.—M. L. Dunlap, oflllinois, has an interesting article in tho Chicago Tribune , on the manner of plowing prairie lands. He advocates early fall plowing for all crops—for spring, wheat and oats to the depth of seven or eight inches, sowing on with out replowing in spring; but for corn, he would plow very shallow in the fall, “just sufficient to cover up the weeds and stubble, and to leave a black surface, that in tho early spring will ab sorb the rays of the sun and warm up the kril.” Just before planting, the land should be plowed again about eight inches deep, turning the rotten stubble and weeds under, to a good depth, which leaves the land in much better condition for the crop than if untouched, or plowed deep in the fall. — Superphosphate of Lime for Trees.—Phos phoric acid has a mysterious influence on the development of roots, causing plants to throw them out vigorously. The most convenient way of employing this substance is in the form of superphosphate of lime—that is, a mixture of oil of vitriol and burnt bones. This compound, rich in the acid in a soluble state, mixed with a little dry mold, will be found a fertilizer of great use in transplanting trees. But it must be used in moderation, for plants, like animals, may be injured as much by over-feeding as by starva tion.—[Scientific American. Chicken Pie. —Take full-grown chickens, (or more if they are small,) disjoint them and cut the back-bone, Ac., as small as convenient. Boil th«tn -with a sow oliooo of (salt pork, in water enough to cover them, let them boil quite tender, then take out the breast bone. After they boil and the scum is taken oft', put in a little onion, cut very fine, not enough to taste distinctly, but just enough to flavor a littie; rub some parsely very fine when dry, or cut fine when green, this gives a pleasant flavor; season well with pepper and salt, and a few ounces of good fresh butter. When all is cooked well, have liquid enough to cover the chicken, then beat up two eggs and stir in, also some sweet cream. Line a five quart pan with a crust made like soda biscuit, only more shortening, put in the chicken and liquid, then cover with a crust the same as the lining. Bake till the crust is done, and you will have a good chicken pie. Blackberry Wine. —To one bushel of black berries put one gallon of water. Let the com pound stand for twenty-four hours, at the end of which, mash and strain the blackberries. To every gallon of juice put three pounds of sugar: Set this to ferment, which it will do in about fif teen days, more or less, according to the tempe rature of the weather. Bottle up, and keep for use. —- im Gum Arabic Starch. —Put two ounces of fine gum arabic in a vessel with a pint of boil ing water, according to the degree of stiffness you require -, and after covering it carefully, let it stand all night. In the morning strain it into a nice bottle, cork it and keep it for use. It is far preferable to any other starch for giving mus lin a look of newness. To Preserve Eggs Fresh a Year. —Mix a handful of unslaked lime with the same quanti ty of salt, in three gallons of water; first pack the eggs, with the small end down, with some shavings to keep them down, and pour the mix ture over them; be sure none of them are cracked. — Stewed Apples. —Peel and slice two or three good-sized apples in a small stew-pan, with a few cloves, and some lemon or orange-peel, and let it stew for about one quarter of au hour in two glasses of white wine. It may be done while the family are at dinner, and the apples eat better than in a pie. Thoy should be thrown into cold water when sliced, to prevent their becoming dry and discolored. The apples may be also mixed with pears or plums, and will be found excellent. Cool Rooms. —It is asserted in the London Lancet, that blinds coated with tho following composition and placed outside the window, are both sun and rain proof. The greatest heat will not affect them: “ Boil well together two pounds of .turpentine, one pound of litharge in powder and two or three lbs. of linseed oil. The blinds are to be brushed over with this varnish and dried in the siin. Umbrellas, light linen coats and covers of hats may be so treated. ——- Mead. —This favorite beverage that for cen turies was the chief libation of northern nations, is made by dissolving one part of honey in three of boiling water, flavoring it with spices, and adding a portion of ground malt, and a piece of toast steeped in yeast, and allowing the whole to ferment. — 11 > - —— Egg Plant. —Wash the plant with cold wa ter, boil well; take out the inside, mash and season with butter, pepper and salt, beat up three eggs, take crumbles of stale loaf bread, saucepan with hot lard for frying; send hot to the table. COMMERCIAL. AUGUSTA MARKET. COTTON.—The receipts of the new crop of cotton hare now reached about one million of bales, and : omethlng over one hundred th usand bales In excess ol last year. While this un usual supply Is coming forward, there Is no flagging In prices or demand, but on the contrary, the market cantlnuet firm for all the desirable grades of merchantable cotton. It Is also well known that the srater courses In the West have not been In good boating order, and much cotton ready, and waiting for shipment, has not been brought foiward. A luge crop has been made, and, without doubt, considerably larger than last year; but the fear may be reasonably indulged that the crop will not be more than sufficient to supply the demand. We think we are within bounds when wi state that the cotton trade re juirea for manufacturers in— Great Britain 2,100,000 France, and the UonUncnt 1,200,000 United States 000.000 Total 4,200,000 We have seme doubts, at present, whether Ihe crop will reach 4,200.000 bales, but we have no doubt whateverthal that quantity will And a ready market at about the prices current at this time. It Is, of course, Impossible to tell what troubles iii the financial and political words of Euiope and America may occur to affect trade aud confidence, but it ii certain that manufacturers, spinners and capitalists will tax their powers to the utmost to depress the piice of cotton. They always have done so, and we must losk for similar efforts In the fu ture. We have had an active cotton market in this city the past week. The sales reach 7,614 bales, and the receipts 10,443 bales. At the corresponding week list year, the sales were 2,692. and the receipts 8,757 bales. LIVE STOCK Good tat Tennessee cattle sell at 666J4c., net, and North Carolina and Georgia grass fed, fiom 5 to 5Xc. There Is a good demand for Shoats, and as the weather is low favorable for salting, we look for the supplies to come forward. Shoats sell from 8 to 9 cents, net. GROCERIES.—There Isa fair business being done, and stocks are ample. Sugar has advanced about a Jfc. V lb., and we have changed our quotations accordingly. LARD—There is a good stock of old Lard let unsold, and we shall soon be In receipt of new. Pices for the old arc nom inal. We have no change to note In other articles, and refer gen erally to our quotations. For latest quotations of Cotton Market, see eighth page of this number. Liverpool t'otton Market. The Liverpool Timet, of Oct. 29, in its commercial review of the week, seys : “The greater animation and mere confi dent tone reported In our last report has not only been fully supported during the whole of the past week, but we have to raise our quotations of the M ddling and better qualities of American cotton from ltd to )4d. * lb,and even at this advance these discretions, owing to their scircea ess, sue most difficult to purchase. The common dusty kinds are also more appre rial ed, and In better dt mand, at previous rates." The quota- Uons given are for— Fair Orleans 8 d. I Middling Orleans 794 d. “Mobiles... 7*d. •• Mobiles 7X«L “Uplands 7*d.| “ Up1and5....616-16d. The Timet attributes the cause for the increased and large business, and advanced prices for cotton, to the de-lre of man ufacturers to secure a stock sufficient to last until a sufficiency of the new crop Is received. This activity, in Liverpool, Is In the Lee of accounts from the United States, of Hue weather for picking cotton, and the prospects of a larger yield than that of the previous season. The stocks of the raw material, In the hands of English spinners, have been and continue very light, while their mills, running st full speed, with orders fur goods far ahead of their capacity to promptly supply, have given considerable Ormness to holders of cotton in Liverpool. Some fears, however, were entertained that the severe storms and heavy frojtiln England had also prevailed In the cotton States, and this conelderation had its Influence on the cotton trade. The estimated stock of cotton in Liverpool, oa the 28th of October, was 473,330, of which 337,210 bales were American— the lmportsof the week were 89,413—and the rales were 87,990, of which 60,413 bales were American. SAVANNAH, Nov. 15—CoHon—The market was quiet to-day. sales tooting 1,498 balei. The advance lu freights to New York has caused a disposition on the part of buyers to put down prices, but holders refused to mske concessions, and are firm at our preuioua quotations, especially on the belter grades. Middling * jJX01O« strict Miaanng 11 @— Good Middling 11X@UX Middling Fair UX@— SAVANNAH COTTOK STATZMXXT. Stock od hand Sept. 1 8,633 Received since 127,824 “ to-day 3,316-131,140 159.77 S Exported since Sept. 1, 1859 ..85,111 to-dav 620-86,731 Stock cn band and on shipboard 64.047 News. AUGUSTA PKICES CURRENT. WHOLESALE PRICES. BACON—Hams *lb 11 @ 14 Clear Sides V » 12)4@ 18 Rib Sides *i » 11)4® 12M Shoulders * B> B)4® 9 BAGGING—Gunny * yard... 18)4® 15 BEESWAX * fi» 30 @ 86 BUTTER—Goshen * » 23 @ 25 Country *B> 15 ® 22 BRlCK—Building Brick * 1000 ... @ 7 OO Paving Brick * 1000... ® 8 00 Pressed Brick * 1000 ... @2O 00 Well Brick ¥ 1000 ... @ 9 OO CANDLES—Adamantiue *lb 20 @ 25 Chemical Sperm 1* fi> 88 @ 85 Pure cio ¥ft 43 @ 50 Patent Sperm ¥lb 58 @ 60 CHEESE—Northern White ¥ft 12 @ 12X English Dairy 4* In 13 @ 14 COFFEE—Rio ¥ft 12 @ 18X Laguira ¥ft 18 @ 14 Java ¥lb 17 @ IS CEMENT * bb1.... 2 25 @ S 60 Plaster ¥ bb1.... 8 25 @ 8 SO DOMESTIC GOODS—Yarns ¥ yard... 25 @ 1 00 k Shirting, Browu * yard... 4 @ 6 2 Shirting, “ *yard- 6 M r Shirting, “ ¥ yard... 8 @ 10 54 Shirting, “ ¥ yard... 10® 14 6-4 Shirting, “ ¥ yard... 12)4® 1684 Fine Sea Island Shirting ¥ yard... 8 @ 12 Osnaburgs ¥ yard... 10 @ 11 Drillings ¥ yard... 8 @ 10 FEATHERS ¥lb 48 @ 45 FLOUR—Tennessee Extra Family! l bb1.... 71)0 @7 25 Extra Superfine * bb1.... 650 @ 6 75 Tennessee Superline ¥ bb1.... 6 00 @ 6 25 Granite Mills, Extra Family....* bb1.... 7 60 @ 8 OO “ “ Extra ¥ bb1.... 675@ 700 “ “ Superfine * bb1.... 660@ 675 Carmichael Mills, Extra Family*! bb1.... 7 60 @ 7 75 •> “ Extra ¥ bb1.... 700@ 725 “ “ Superfine.... ¥ bb1.... 650@ «75 Paragon Mills, Extra Family....* bb1.... 760 @ 8 OO “ “ Superfine...:....* bb1.... 600@ 660 GRAIN—Corn, with sacks .* bus a... 95 @ 1 05 Wheat, white, new ¥ bush... 115 @1 25 Wheat,red, new * bush... 110 @1 16 Oats * bush... 80 @ 90 Rye * bush...— 140 peas * bush... 95 @ 1 00 Corn Meal, Country ground * bush... 90® 95 GUNPOWDER—Dupont’s * keg.... 6 60 @ 7 OO Hazard ¥ keg ... 6 60 @ 7 00 Blasting * keg.... 6 00 @ 5 25 HAY—Nrrthern ¥ 100.... 1 40 @ 1 60 8 8 3 IK °knulT. e . d “igt 4* 3 LlME—Country * b0x.... 1 25 @ 1 65 Northern f...„ * bb1.... 175 @2 00 LUMBER...:.: * 1000..,.12 00 @l4 00 MOLASSES—Cuba • £ ® New Orleans syrup * gal 44® 50^ OlLS—Spermi prime * K»’| • ? Jjj f ? Lamp * ga1.... 110 @1 25 Train..... * ga1.... 75 @ 1 OO Castor * ga1.... 2 00 @ 2 25 V O ROPE—Handspun * ® jj ® 8M Machine -J ® Jj ® JO RAISINS £ b0x.... 360 @4 00 SPlßlTS—NorthernOiu £**}—• « ® 66 Rum *naj.... !? ® S 2 N. O. Whisky *gal.... 88® 85 l'cacii Brandy, old ¥ ga1.... 176 @2 50 ** “ new ¥ ga1.... 160 @1 25 Pure Cider Brandy, old * ga1.... 160 ©1 75 Apple Brandy,new ...J ca1.... 75 @ 1 26 Axt’s Dry Catawba Wine, 1860..* ga1.... @lO <5 “ •• “ “ 1867..* gal ... @8 75 Holland Oin * ga1.... 160 «1 75 Cognac Brandy .....•••••* cal-.. 800 @ 6 OO Long worth's Citawha Brandy..* d0z.... @l2 i 5 Longworth's Wines * dox ... 875 @l4 25 SUGARS—N. Orleans * » 8 @ 10 Porto Rico * » » @ 10 Muscovado •* » < @ 8 Refined Coffee A g J "V® } ) Do. do. B *»- 10K@ II Do! do. **..... 10X® 10X WlNE—Hemp Bagging g » » @ 22H Cotton Wrapping * ® * @ 81H HORTICULTURAL. WJI. IV. WHITE, Editor. SATURDAY, NOV. 19, 1859. ANSWERS TO COSREB PONDENTS. “Belle Colline.”—We send you as requested t (a little late, for your favor is just at hand) the catalogues of our nearest nurseries. The bulbs, dahlias, Ac., they have not. These and the other ornamental plants not on their lists, Mr. Buss can supply. See his advertisement, and send for a catalogue. As to prices, they vary. Dah lias just out, sell for a dollar each, while older sorts just as good, at two or three dollars per dozen ; and so of other plants. CORRECTION. In the list of Pears given last week, for Dearbon's Seedling, read Dearborn’s Seedling ; St Shistlain, read St. Ghistlain ; Summer Calebosse, read S. Calebasse; Zephime Gregoire, read Zepherine Gregoire ; Dayenne Siculte, read Doyenne Siculle ; Compte d’Flandre, read C. de Flandre ; Beurre Diet, read B. Diel ; Hoddington, read Haddington; Pone Colmar, read Passe Colmar. The Horticultural Department of our paper is the only one in which the proof is not seen by its editor. It is also the one in which jaw breaking, botanical names do of necessity most abound, and (wo may as well make a clean breast of it) the printers assert that we do write a most illegible hand. — APPLES FOR MARKET. We are persuaded that there is no crop, to which the farmers and planters of upper Georgia can devote a part of their land and labor to bet ter advantage, than to the Apple. Good winter apples average to bring in Athens through the winter about one dollar and twenty-five cents a bushel. A tree occupies about twenty-five feet squaro of land, or sixty-nine may be planted on an acre. If good healthy troes are selected, (not those peddled through the country, with the roots exposed for days to sun, frost and drying winds,) properly transplanted and as well cared for as a hill of com or cotton, in less than ten years they will average at the lowest three bush els to a tree and go on increasing their crop, un til a yearly average of eight or ten bushels to a tree is not too much to expect in a favorable lo cality. Now, there is no other crop that will pay as well; hence, a little care and manure should not be grudged while rearing the trees. The profit of raising the apple is becoming quite evident to our up-country friends—we judge from the increased supply of fruit that seeks this market. A thousand bushels at least are now bought by our dealers, where but a hun dred were ten years since, and in the quality of the fruit brought here there is as great an ad vance as in the quantity. As good a price and a readier sale is now obtained as when one tenth the quantity were offered, and there is no dan ger of glutting the market for years to come, as the hill country, mountain region of the South is destined to supply with winter fruit the whole territory between it and the gulf and ocean.— Sound, handsome fruit, as fast as it comes in, is now shipped at once to different points on the railroads below, and our seaboard cities will soon look to the mountains, instead of the North, for winter fmit; and it is quite time that we should cease to import from the North hay and apples, as we have already ceased to look for our flour from that quarter. To be successful in orchard culture, select good fresh land; if the ground is not level, pro tect it from washing by suitable banks or ter races, laid out with a levelling instrument.— Make theso banks so as not only to retain the soil, but all the rain that falls. Keep the ground well cultivated in some low crop that requires the hoe. Do not plant anything within four or five feet of your tree, which space must be kept clean. In planting, dig a broad hole for your tree; four feet across it is none too large, and drive up stakes to keep heedless ploughmen from knocking the bark from the young trees.— Let the limbs spring from the trunk within eigh teen inches of the ground, to protect the bark of the trunk from the hot sun. Wash the tree in the spring with thin soap and throw around the collar of each tree in spring a shovel full of slacked lime or leached ashes, to protect them from the borer. Do this, and you have as good a right in the nature of things to expect that every dollar’s worth of labor you lay out in this way, will, in ten years, time annually yield you two, as your neighbor, who loans his on interest, has to look for his annual seven per cent Potash and lime in moderate quantity are ab solutely necessary for the growth of the apple tree, and if not found in tho soil in sufficient quantity, ashes and lime must be supplied; but do not put strong lime or unleached ashes di rectly about the body of the tree. In planting au orchard for market, such vari eties as Nickajack, (Howard,) Shockley, Green Crank, Oconee Greening and other handsome late varieties should be selected. Three or four sorts are enough for a market orchard. A good general list has been already furnished in our columns, and Mr. Van Buren has promised us one of his favorites soon. From these a smaller list for market purposes is easily selected. Apples in northern orchards are carefully picked by hand, gently laid in cheap barrels and sent to market on spring wagons. They thus arrive without bruises or decay, and if our growers would take the same care, they would find the very best prices willingly paid. By al ways sending only the best, fruit and marking the name of the grower on his barrels, an or chardist can soon gain a reputation, which will increase the value of his fruit above that of less careful growers. Macon, Ga., Nov. 7, 1859. W. N. White, Esq.— Dear Sir: Will you be so kind as to furnish me with information on the following points: Is it beneficial to Fruit Trees particularly Pears, to use, in transplanting, ground Bones , and manipulated Guano, and the quantity per tree, say 5 years old ? How much to be applied to a vineyard, two or three years old ? Having fruit trees to plant out, and a vineyard to dress with these materials, how would you apply it, and in what manner and position ? Are Cinder or Charcoal of pine wood, thrown out of the smoke stack of Engines, good for any thing? You will confer a favor, giving me an answer at an early day. Respectfully vours, 0. F. Adams. Manipulated Guano, like the so called Super phosphate, and improved superphosphate of lime, may be a most excellent manure, or almost worthless. These are most dangerous articles to purchase, as much of each that is offered is so adulterated that it is not worth its freight They vary so much in strength, that nothing definite can be laid down, as to the quantity to apply. We believe, however, the manipulated guano of Mr. S. Sands, of the Baltimore Rural Register is a valuable manure, though we have not our selves used it No strong ammoniacal guano should come in immediate contact with the roots of newly transplanted trees. As to bone dust, there is no doubt as to its beneficial action upon nearly all crops, or its spe cial use as a manure for the Pear. Broad-iast, about twenty bushels per acre is applied, but a quart or two mixed with the earth about the roots of each young tree, when planted, is of decided benefit in promoting the formation of fibrous roots and ensuring a healthy growth. Where vines are cultivated under glass, it is much em ployed to mix with the soil of the borders, and of course would be of equal value in a vineyard, applied either at planting, or as a top dressing afterwards. Charcoal, if fine, may be also mixed with the soil about the roots of trees, at trans planting, but should first be used (if in limited quantity) to abate the noisome smell of pigsties, privies and stables, and then be applied to the soil. —m —»i THE APPLE IN MIDDLE GEORGIA. In another column we have given an article on the profit of cultivating the apple, and brief di rections for planting and managing the young orchard. In the following extract, a lively cor respondent of the Southern Cultivator gives us the way in which this fruit tree is quite too gen erally treated by our planters : „ ‘ “The apple is the surest fruit crop in Middle Georgia.”— Southern Cultivator. Editors Southern Cudtivator —The Auto crat of all the Breakfast tables, in laying down the law with regard to “ Slang,” limits its use to those cases in which ordinary language fails to do justice to the subject, without danger of exhausting itself. He would, therefore, hold me excused for say ing that the above paragraph fairly “lifted me off my feet!” I hereby protest against the claims of the “ Georgia Calf ”to the arch symbolship of wretchedness until the rights of the Middle Georgia-Applo tree are fully investigated. Generally the rear-guard of an utter pomo logical defeat, it presents, like Marshal Ney, an epitome of courage and calumnity, “ I am ye Orchard 1” In the desolate heart of the worn out old field ; by the brink of the blood red gully; in the wild est tangle of the briar and broom-sedge; on whatever bald declivity the sun in his journey brands his fiercest “ Farewell to hope”—there the Apple still lives, and—dmngs forth fruit. Every man has his Apple Tree, whose repu tation it were no more safe to assail, than that of his wife or of anything else that is his. Didn’t he give a dime for the apple ? Didn’t he plant the seed ? Didn’t he rear 'the tree ? Hasn’t ho eaten of the fruit thereof? • Wasn’t it as big as his head ? as yaller as a pumpkin ? as “ meller ” as a turnip ? and didn’t it keep like a brick-bat? I confess, in younger days, before Hope and Faith parted company, having jpade various pe destrian pilgrimages of a devout character to a number of vegetable wonders, of which the above might figure as a mild average; and I have a recollection running through a period of years of the figure of an Apple Tree, something like the following: The roots tortured by the aphis, and torn by wild horses (and plows); the trunk barked by rabbits, bored by borers, pecked by wood-peck ers, blistered to mortification by the sun, and plastered to suffocation by the scale of insect. The forks, the home of caterpillars, and the leaves their sustenance ; the limbs moss-cover ed ; and the fruit—never failing, and never, by any possible complication of accidents, allowed to mature. Then, coming down, wo got an in ventory of its personal property. One tin cof fee pot; one earthen tea do ; various specimens of domestic crockery, some, too, —to particular ize : 3 pair brogans, specimens, each, of plow, hoe, broom and skillet handles; skeleton re mains of ox, principally ossa femoris and pelvic bones; do. of horse; do. of cat, entire; one battling stick ; sundry bits of paling; articles of wearing apparel; clubs in quantity, from a walking stick to a martin pole I Yet the most astounding part of the revela tion quoted at the head of this writing is—its truth 1 The Apple is the most certain Fruit-crop in Middle Georgia, and like “ A true Cosmopolite, That loves it’s native country best," has amply demonstrated that its failure, as a Fruit, has not been, in any particular, its own fault Principally used for green soiling our little ne groes, we have been satisfied with its certainty, while it lived ; and not much aggrieved by its loss when it died. Circumstances, however, are conspiring to render this point of mere certainty of produc tion an exceedingly valuable one from which to contemplate the Future of the Apple in Middle Georgia. A field so wide and so fruitful that I must reserve its consideration for another letter. Torch Hill, Ga., June. 1859. T. — —. Roses. —A word as regards Roses. One Southern raised Rose bush is worth a dozen raised at the North. A good and well grown Rose has never yet been grown, nor can one be grown there. \Ve have seen many sickly, fee ble, wiry, diminutive things called Roses, set out in pots, but never such robust, vigorous plants as are to be found in Southern Nurseries; and when we make these remarks we wish to be understood as speaking of the newer and improved varieties, and not of the old spring Roses.—[ Southern Cultivator. J. 207