Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

[For the Southern Field and Fireside.] • POPULAR ASTRONOMY. The science of Astronomy derives its name from two Greek words : asiron, a star, and no mos, a law. It may be defined, the science which treats of the laws of the heavenly bodies. Os all the natural sciences, this can boast of the highest antiquity. It cannot indeed be known with certainty, when men first turned their at tention to the study of the stars. The sons of Seth, the immediate descendants of Adam, are said to have inscribed their observations on two pillars, one of brick and another of stone; and the Jewish historian. Josephus, says that the one of stone was standing iu Syria in his day. The Chinese make pretensions to a very remote antiquity, respecting the cultivation of the sci ence among them. But whilst the origin of the science is hidden in the mists of uncertainty, there is no doubt about its having at a very early period engaged the attention of mankind. Chi nese; Egyptian, Arabian and Chaldean records, go to show that the study of the heavens dates back to a period anterior to that of any other of the Physical Sciences. That the Hebrew Patriarchs also gave atten tion to the subject, is abundantly evident from their writings. There are allusions in the book I of Job, to certain stars and constellations, which bear the same names at the present time that ' that they did in the days of the man of Uz; throughout the Hebrew Scriptures, astronomi cal references may be found. Indeed, the mode of life of the Ancients, peculiarly fitted them to the study of that branch of Astronomy called “ Uranography,” or, “ The Geography of the Heavensthat is, the searching out and naming 1 of stars and clusters of stars; their course, time of rising, &c. In the olden time, (as is ' now the case in many countries in the East,) people wore mostly pastoral in their pursuits, and consequenely nomadic in their habits. They wandered from place to place with their flocks and herds, lived in tents, and kept watch by day and by night over their property, and of course would observe a great many phenomena which \ escape the notice of people living as we do. — Our habit is when night comes, to retire to our ' houses and our beds, and thus we fail to ob serve many wonderful astronomical and ntmos * pheric phenomena, and many of our people grow up and live to old age, having no knowledge of the starry heavens, unless, perchance, some old domesticated African, given to night rambling, may point out to them the “ Seven Stars,” “Job’s [ Coffin,” or the “Pointers.” The most remarka ble meteoric display on record, which took place f in November, 1833, was seen by comparatively few people, as was also the recent Aurora Bo realis, the most brilliant perhaps ever seen in this latitude, and all because they occurred at a time of night when nearly everybody was asleep. But, whilst it is true that attention was di- I rected to the study of this great science at a very early period, it is questionable whether f much progress was made in it, particularly as it respected the Solar System, and much that was learned was perverted to superstitious uses.— Astrology was more studied than Astronomy. It was much easier to understand that the earth was in the centre of the Universe, and always “ this side up with care,” (as it is still with a I great many) and that the sun, moon and stars went round it in 24 hours, than to see how it f was that the Earth, in common with the other Planets, revolved around the Sun as the centre of our system, which is only one of the many millions scattered through the vast expanso of space. But few questioned the doetrine that the heat and sickliness of summer was augmented by the Dog Star, while fewer still doubted that t the “ signs” should be diligontly consulted in many matters pertaining to our earthly estate ; f —which foolish superstition is perpetuated by the Almanacs that are scattered over the coun try, having a frontispiece showing the part of its > body the moon is supposed to govern when it is in a particular “sign,” or in other words, when it is between the earth and any particular constel lation in the Zodiac. I Yet it is true, nevertheless, that Astronomy, properly speaking, was understood to conside ' rablo extent among the Ancients, and perhaps to greater extent than is generally supposed. The Heliocentric theory was taught by Pytha goras, a Grecian, 500 years bofore Christ, and it may be that Joshua so understood the matter, notwithstanding he said “ stand still, thou sun upon Gibeon, and thou moon in the valley of ! Ajailon.” Men of science, of the present and past times, would make use of the same form of ’ speech in describing a similar phenomenon. It is very common to speak of things as they ap pear, without having respect to scientific cor rectness. Indeed, it is often necossary to do so, in order to teach the truths of science. Sir Wil liam Herschel was accustomed to speak of the Sun rising in the East, and setting in the West, though, strictly speaking, the sun does not rise or set. ’ Therefore the pious man need not stumble at th# apparent discrepancy between the Scriptu ral record, and the Copernican system, neither may the unbeliever exult in a blunder that he thinks disparages the Divine inspiration of the Holy Scriptures. But, in common with other departments of physical science, Astronomy has I made groat progress in modern times. Sinco the rise of Copernicus in the fifteenth century, r many minds of tile highest order have been di rected to it. Previous to that time, the Ptole maic Theory almost universally obtained belief. Copemieu3 rejected this, and revised the Pytha gorean system. Ho Was succeeded by Gallileo, Kopter, Sir Isaac Newton, the Herschels and a host of others, down to the present time, who t have advanced this scienco to a greater extent than perhaps any other. f It has not been without severe struggles, however, that Astronomical Scienco has made its way. “ The Church ” was bitter in its de nunciations, and violent in its opposition. Co pernicus escaped its fury by dying, and Gallileo, on his knees before the tribunal of the Inquisi tion, was forced to say that the Earth did not t move; but as he rose to depart, he whispered in the ear of a friend: “ but it does move, though." t Ecclesiastical thunder cannot drown the voice of Scienco, and men are fust learning tho lesson that tho Church’s business is with things spirit ! * ual, not temporal, and that whenever it departs from its high calling to control that which it does not understand, and which is under the di i rection of another power, it ceases to be the \ Church, however arrogant its pretensions.— Men in the church, who study the developments ( of Science, have a right to call in question the teachings of other men, and expose them if wrong ; but the Church, ns a disciplinary body, ? should have no dealings with these things. But with all tho progress which Astronomy has made, still a vast, unexplored field invites the research i of scientific men. Times and seasons, courses 1 and revolutions have been calculated and ascer tained ; and as the telescope is improved, worlds 4 upon worlds come within tho range of extended vision, and yet tho immense horizon continues to recede. Will it ever be explored ? Never in } the present state —perhaps never in the ever- SKX SOTOEESI VXS&B Am YXBSBXSS. coming future. As relates to those parts which have been explored, and those things winch are known, we purpose to furnish some develop ments in succeeding papers. Lamkix. [For the Southern Field and Fireside.] SOUTHERN LITERATURE. BY FAXXY FIELDING, OF NORFOLK, VA. Random Thoughts regarding the same—Free and unaec tional character of Literature—Northern and Southern Interchange—Southern Dependence upon Northern Literati—Southern Authors and Northern Bookwrights —Ephemeral Literature—Success not an invariable test of Merit—Southern Patronage of Northern Liter ary Enterprizc—Respective Merits of Northern and Southern Literary Journals—Whose is the Fault?— Where shall Reform begin? Why can we not have a Southern literature ? We sire not oblivious to the well established, hanl'y attained position of our own Literary Messenger, or our Southern Quarterly, or l> De Bow," whose respective merits in their own pe culiar classes of literature —miscellaneous, com mercial and statistical —so justly locate them among the first of the great lights iu our world of letters; neither design we to question the equal claims of Northern successful competitors in tho same field. Provincial prejudice and “ odious comparison,” then, ignored, the query is iterated—why can or do we not have a South ern literature? What do we mean ? To lay a tariff upon the myriad Northern publications—books, maga zines, newspapers, with which our reading pub lic is deluged, and compel Southern readers to patronize the Southern press and its offspring— “ home institutions,” as the favorite phrase runs? We think not —dear as these “institutions” are to us, and hallowed as we hold their every as sociation. Literature is, and ought to be, froe as the air we breathe. It is the soul’s aliment, and a§ the component gases of that atmosphere which nourishes our physical man are wafted to us from North, South, East and West, laden with the health-giving essentials gathered hither and thither, so let the literary atmosphere minis ter to the moral man of the beneficial influences gathered in all the various quarters through which it has circulated in the world of letters.— Let us, however, exchange compliments with our Northern authors, publishers, Ac.; they arc not dependent on us for their literature, shall we court a servile dependence upon them ? Concede the monopoly or contend for a fair interchange? Now, while in literary taste and talent we succumb to none, —while poetry, oratory, ro mance still boast tlicir champion successors to immortal genius passed away,—let us consider a few other facts in this couneqtion. Southern authors write books which are published North. Southern writers, whose prose or poetic produc tions are of a more fugitive style than claim copyright dignity and “calf” or “muslin” and board surroundings, dispose of such to enrich the periodicals of the North. For the book trade, the matter of getting out a work by a Southern author is no easy matter, as all the appliances of book making are in the hands of Northern book-wrights, and while we cannot say that those are generous, it is worse than puerile to exclaim against a system the result of our own apathy. Os Southern periodical works we have none, (or so few that we may soy none) save those above designated, which may boast of more than a mere local circulatioir. Editors all over our land arc subject to spasmodic attacks of lit erary enterprize, resulting now in a new maga zine, now in a family newspaper; the original contributions which constitute these, may, some times, certainly boast ability, sometimes respect ability, sometimes, alas! anything else than either of these Sometimes “ Anony mous,” (whose personification would be better represented by substitution of the word “ Select ed,”) figures largely in the table of contents and is not unfrequently the most accomplished con tributor of the whole “ brilliant corps;" agents are emploped to canvass for the young adven turer; subscriptions, many or few, are collected, when, lo! comes a collapse. The ephemeral character of such enterprises, doubtless, is pecu liar to no locality, nor is their longevity a conclu sive test of their merit. Many such ventures, in higher latitudes, embark and founder every year, but some survive and breast it bravely over the billows of popular opinion, as witness, for instance, a certain “Magazine” flourishing in ita twentieth or thirtieth volume within tho en virons of our soi disant “ modern Athens,” es saying to foster the poetic genius of Young Amer ica upon such sugar-kiss-verse as is made up of rhyming “hearts” and “darts,” “smiles” and “wiles,” Ac., and whose proso belongings re joice in a fit and peculiar adaptation to the lucu brations of its poetic muse. Os Southern periodical writers, perhaps not one tenth labor for home journals—and why ? Southern periodicals cannot afford to pay for contributions. We ask their proprietors the se cret of this parsimony, and they tell us, “because we are not patronized.” And they significantly call our attention to the fact that Harper, Go dey, Graham, -‘Putnam" with its seditious sen timents, clashing with those o f every—l will not say, true Southerner, but true nationalist, — numberless others in this form; the Home Jour nal with its inequality of merit, its sometimes refined and elegant literature, its sometimes namby pamby stuff; the New York Ledger with its “ flash” and “fancy" romances, Ac., flood our reading rooms public and private ; and when agents solicit subscriptions for us, say they, we are told by our own people that they already pay for as many papers as they can afford, more perhaps, all from the North as it turns out. For ourselves individually—let us be candid, render ihg unto Ciesar the things that are Cmsar’s —we know few Southern papers which wo would as soon read as tho Home Journal, with all its ine qualities, and for the Ledger, aye, even with its “ sensation” stories and Mr. Everett out of the question, —what have we, as yet, to compete with it? Better “sensation,” “flash,” “fancy," —anything than the flat and flabby nothings, such as are without doubt served up for such as like such food, by the caterers to many of our Southern “ Weeklies, ” “ Semi - Monthlies, ” “ Monthlies,” Ac. Now as we arc the complainants, will not some one better versed than ourselves in liter ary economy and statistics, indicato the origin of evils herein imperfectly hinted at, and devise some remedial measures for radical wrong, which has in some sort appealed to tho obser vation or experience' of most of us ? Matters seem to demand reform—where shall it commence ? Shall first the people patronize, that literary editors may bo indemnified against all risk in contracting with contributors, or shall they hazard enlisting and paying for.talent— say the best we have amongst us—printing and presenting a paper worthy of patronage, —at their own peril venturing so much, giving the public advance credit for its publication ? This tacit bit of delicate flattery would doubtless find some appropriators —perhaps we should say, appreci ators, —whether sufficient to pay. the initiated alone must determine. Now, while authors and publishers alike remain in abeyance, will not some sapient tribunal pronounce upon their re lative duties ? Say, whether these on the one hand shall risk writing upon the credit system, waiting to hear if the scheme pays, or these speculate in romances, essays and the like, ac cepting large drafts upon the public taste, dis cernment and discrimination as present indem nity ? — FIRST AMERICAN NAVAL COMBATS. BY LIEUT. A. J. PRESCOTT, U. 8. X. Readers are always interested in first things) and those who have read my previous papers, will be pleased with a little description of the very beginning of American power iq>on the water. The first engagement that ever occurred between inhabitants of American colonies and enemies afloat, was a struggle between John Gallop, who was engaged in fishing and trade with the Indians, in a sloop of twenty tons, and some Narragansett Indians, who had seized up on a small vessel belonging to one Oldham, known to have been similarly occupied. Some time in May, 1636, the very year Har vard College was founded, Gallop in his little sloop, manned by two men and two boys, him self included, was standing along the Sound, near Plum Island, when he was compelled by stress of weather to bear up, for a refuge, among the islands that form a chain between Long Is land and Connecticut. On nearing the land, he discovered a craft similar to his own, which was immediately recognized as the pinnace of Mr. Oldham, who originally’ had screw of two boys and as many Narragansett Indians. Gallop hailed on approaching the other vessel. No an swer. Running still nearer, he discovered four teen Indians lying on the deck. Gallop now be gan to suspect that Oldham had been overpow ered by the savages, and he was confirmed in his suspicion when tho Indians suddenly stood before the wind in the direction of Narragansett Bay. Convinced that a robbery had been com mitted, Gallop made sail in chase, and when alongside the enemy, fired a volley of duck-shot at the savages. The Indians had swords, spears, and some fire-arms, and they attempted a resist ance, but Gallop drove them all below. And yet he was unwilling to board his opponent with such odds. So he devised the expedient of running his vessel directly down on the weather quarter of the pinnace. The shock much alarmed the Indians, aud characteristically enough, six of them leaped into the sea and were drowned. Gallop soon run upon his enemy with greater force than before, and the vessels were speedily made fast to each other, the sloop opening a brisk fire into the hold of the pinnace. Not suc ceeding in driving his enemies up, he hauled up to windward again with the intent of repeating th»same attack, when four or five more of the Indians jumped overboard, and found a watery grave. One Indian now appeared upon deck and offered to submit. Gallop took him on board his sloop, and bound him hand and foot. An other Indian soon imitated his example, and he was put into tho hold and bound; but lest they should, while together liberate themselves, or do something worse, he was thrown in tho sea. Only two Indians now remained, but what could they Jo? They offered a weak resistance, when their boat was stripped of all its goods, and was afterwards sent adrift. The body of Mr. Oldham was found on board the boat. He had been murdered a little while previously, for his flesh was warm. His remains were committed to the water, and they sank into a common grave with thoso of his murderers. But is this to be called a great naval battle? Yes —great for the times, aud for the first on our waters Besides, the enemy was entirely anni hilated, and their vessel in like manner. So that, in one sense, it was the completest naval victo tory, if we may so speak, on record. The first naval action of the American Revo lution was so striking in its way, and compara tively so great, that a few words may be devoted to that also. It has been called the Lexington of tho sea, as it occurred soon after the famous battle of Lexington. The news of the first guns of the Revolution reached Machias, Maine, on the 9th of May, 1775. At that time an armed schooner in the service of the English crown, called the Margaretta, was lying in that port, with two sloops under her convey that were loading with lumber on behalf of the King’s government. The 10th of May was Sunday, and an attempt was made to seize Capt Moore and the other officers of the Margaretta while in church. They, however, barely escaped through the window of the church to the shore, where they were pro tected by the guns of the vessel, The schoon er now dropped down below the town to the distance of a league, where she was fired on from a high bank. The following morning, which was Monday, four young men took possession of one of the lumber sloops, and gave three cheers as a signal for volunteers. Very soon a party of thirty-five stout hearted men were assembled for the pur pose of makiug an attack on the Margaretta. Arming themselves with firo-anns, pitchforks and axes, and throwing a small stock of provis ions into the sloop, these lovers of liberty made sail on their craft, with a light breeze at north west. Capt. Moore discovering his pursuers, and not being apprised of the intelligence from Lexing ton, made every effort to escape them. The sloop being the best sailer, hg opened a fire upon his assailants with lour light guns and fourteen swivels. A man was killed on board the sloop, and it immediately returned the fire. Soon there was a general fire upon both sides, when at the same instant the vessels came foul of each other. A short conflict dow took place with musketry. Capt. Moore was one of the first victims of the struggle. Immediately the Americans was vic torious, and took possession of their prize. Thus the American Revolution was successfully begun both upon land and water. —[Line of Battle- Ship. New Biblical Discovery.— Prof. Tischen dorf, who had been sent by the Russian govern ment on a journey of scientific exploration, in a letter from Cairo, dated the 15th of March, states, to the Minister of Saxony, Herr von Fal kenstein, that he has succeeded in making some valuable discoveries relative to the Bible. The most important of these discoveries is a manu script of the Holy Scriptures from the fourth century: consequently, as old as the famous manuscript of the Vatican, which hitherto, in all commentaries, maintained the first rank. This it will have to share with tho newly-dis covered manuscript, if Herr Tischendorf be not mistaken. In three hundred and forty-six beautifully fine parchment leaves, of such size that only two can have been cut out of one skin. It contains the greatest part of tho Prophets, the Psalms, the Book of Job, the Book of Jesus Sirach, the Proverbs, the Song 3 of Solomon, and several of the Apocryphal Books of the Old Tes tament; but then the whole of the New Testa ment is complete. Another valuable discovery DR. FORBES’ LETTER TO ARCHBISHOP HUGHES. The following letter, which we received on Thursday from Rev. Dr. Forbes, announcing his abandonment of the Catholic Church, has been withheld from publication in consequence of the absence of Archbishop Hughes, to whom it was addressed, but we infer from its appearance in a morning contemporary that that prelate has returned, and has himself given it to the press. The announcement of Dr. Forbes’ retirement from tho Catholic communion, which we made on the 20th, was not generally credited even by the Catholic priests themselves, who supposed it was an exaggerated repetition of the fact that he had resigned the care of St. Anne's church in this city some months ago, owing to a dislike of the arbitrary exercise of the Archbishop of his authority over the inferior clergy, which imposed an unpleasant restraint on one accustomed for many years to the less stringent discipline of the Protestant Episcopal Church. The report crea ted great sensation, but the explanation proved unfounded. Dr. Forbes, after nearly ten years’ experience as a member and priest of the Roman Catholic Church, pronounces his adhesion to it a grave error, and founds his conversion from it not on personal disaffection, but on doctrinal ob jections to the Roman Catholic establishment. DR. FORIIES TO ARCHBISHOP HUGHES. New York, Oct. 17, 1859. Most Rev. John Hughes, D. D., Archbishop, Ac.: Most Reverend Sir: It is now nearly ten years since, under your auspices, I laid down my min istry in the Protestaht Episcopal Church, to sub mit myself to the Church of Rome. The inter val, as you know, has not been idly spent; each day has had its responsibility and duty, and with these have come experience, observation, and the knowledge of many things not so well understood before. Tho result is that I feel I have committed a grave error, which, publicly made, should be publicly repaired. When I came to you it was, as I stated, with a deep aud conscientious conviction that it was necessary to be in communion with the See of Rome; but this conviction I have not been able to sustain in face of the fact that by it the natu ral rights of man and all individual liberty must be sacrificed; nor only so but the private con science often violated, and one forced, by silence at least, to acquiesce in what is opposed to mor al truth and virtue. Under these circumstances, when I call to mind how slender is the founda tion in the earliest ages of the church upon which has been reared the present Papal power, I can no longer regard it as imposing obligations upon me or any one else. I do now, therefore, by this act, disown and withdraw myself from its alleged jurisdiction I remain, most reverend sir, Your obedient servant, John Murray Forbes, D. D., Late Pastor of St Atane’s Church, N. Y. —[Veto York Post. —— The Deaf and Dumb Asylum of Georgia. is located near Cave Spring, Floyd county. The first appropriation for the support of the indigent Deaf and Dumb, was made in 1834 and 1835, at which times $8,200 were appropriated, and a commissioner appointed to receive applications for the benefit of said fund, and to convey the mutes to the American Asylum at Hartford, Connecticut, and to provide for their support and education. In 1838, an annual appropriation of $4,500 was made for the support of the Deaf and Dumb at Hartford; and in 1845 the Act was changed so as to authorise them to be supported and educated at the Cedar Valley Academy in Paulding county, or any other Academy in this State, “ where the same kind of education can be acquired on terms equally economical as those of said American Asylum at Hartford.” In 1847, Commissioners were appointed to purchase land on which to build an asylum, and the bal ance of the undrawn appropriation of 1847, and half of the annual appropriation of 1848 author ized to be used to purchase land and erect buildings. In 1850, the undrawn balance of the annual appropriation for 1849 and $4,000 addi tional, was appropriated for buildings and furth er improvements. In 1852, the annual appro priation was raised to SB,OOO, and $7,000 more was appropriated to purchase and put up slates for Asylum, and to supply the building with water. In 1854, the Commissioners were au thorized to apply and expend such portions ne cessary, of the annual appropriation of SB,OOO for 1855 and 1856, to the erection of a cabinet shop, in purchase of apparatus, and the re-cover ing the main building. In 1856, in addition to the , annual appropriation, $8,600 was also appropri ated for repairing and enlarging the main build ing, for work shops and for the purchase of text books for the Asylum. The following have been the appropriations for the rears named: 1834 $3,000 1849 $4,500 1835 5,200 1850 4,500 1839 4.500 1851 4,500 1840 4,600 1852 4,500 1841 4,500 1853 8,700 1842 4,500 1854 8,000 1843 4.500 1855 8,000 1844 4,500 1856 16,000 1845 4.500 1857 8,000 1846 4,500 1858 8,000 1847 4,500 1859 8,000 1848 4,500 $136,500 The cost of the lands and buildings of this in stitution has been $20,231 44, which sum has been paid out of the above appropriations. ■ I Hamlet’s Tomb.—A recent traveler in Den mark gives the following sketch of his visit to the tomb of the great dramatic notoriety: “ A trip from Copenhagen to Elsimore took us through two of those royal residences that are about to pass into other hands, viz: Friodens borg, about twenty-two miles from Copenhagen, and Marienlust, at Elsinore. Marienlust is a de solate place in April, but most beautiful when its trees, gardens and statues are decked in sum mer garb. Situated on a declivity sloping to the sea, tho little chateau looking out upon the dear waters of the Sound, glistening with sharp reflections in the sunlight, and bounded on the horizon by the pleasant hills of the Swedish coast. On the side the stronghold Kronberg, which defends the passage of tho Sound, rears its Elizabethan towers, while in the distance be hind glistens the white house of Helmsborg, in Sweden, crowned by au ancient tower, frowning in dark tones on the surrounding country. The innumerable shipping that stud the waters in crease the charm of the landscape unsurpassed in the beauty of its hues, the variety of its com ponent parts, and the brilliancy of its colors.— Turniug for an instant from the brilliant picture, a different one presents itself. In a shady nook, away from the sea, the eye rests on a pleasant of Prof. Tischendorfs, is described as an un doubted and complete manuscript of the Epistles of Barnabas, and of the Shepherd of Hermes, both belonging to the second century of the Christian era, and originally standing in the es teem of Scriptural Epistles. Herr Tischendorf hopes, from the munificence of the Russian gov ernment, that he will he enabled to give imme diate puolicution t<> these three manuscripts. 1848 4,500 : grove of trees. There, in a sequestered spot near a brawling limpid stream, stands the tomb 1 Hamlet. It is a little mound of earth, on the top of which stands a small obelisk. This obe ! lisk is formed of stones recently superposed, re sembling a cone. No inscription breaks’the mystery of the place, anc the mind wanders un disturbed in Shaksperian dreams, and such rev eries as moss and litchen can create. The ghost of Denmark has never frightened the peaceful inhabitants of Marienlust, and to this may bv ascribed the unbelief of Elsimore gossips, that Hamlet ever lived in aught but the imagination of our best known dramatist.” Early Translations of the Bible.— The translation of the Bible into English was com menced at an early period. King Alfred “ the Truth-teller,” as he was ealled, commenced the work about the year 730. Adelmus translated the Psalms into Saxon in 709. Other parts were done by Edfrid or Egbert, 750; the whole by Bede. In 1357 Trevisa published the whole in English. Tindall's translation appeared in 1534, was revised and altered in 1538, published with »preface of Cranmer’s in 1549, and allow ed to be read in churches. In 1551 another translation was published, which being revised by several Bishops, was printed with their al terations iq 1560. In 1613 a new translation was published by authority, which is that in present use. There was not any translation of it into the Irish language till 1685. The Pope did not give his permission for the translation of it into any language till 1759. i -fr 0 CHILDREN’S COLUMN. Solution to Arithmetical Problem, No. 1 —The following communication is from a lad aged twelve years : Athens, Ga., Nov. 21, 1859. Solution to Arithmetical Problem in Southern Field and Fireside: i of the number, multiplied by the number is equal to 1-6 ofthe No., multiplied by the No., Which, by the problem, is equal to the num ber multiplied by 5, — Consequently, 1-6 of the number is equal to 5, but sis 1-6 of 30. Therefore 30 is the num ber required. A. Lonostreet H. 11l do it W ell.— There lives in New Eng land a gentleman who gave the following inter esting account of his own life. He was an ap prentice in a tin manufactory. When twenty one years old he had lost his health, so that he was entirely unable to work at his trade. Whol ly destitute of means, he was thrown out upon the world, to seek any employment for which he had strength. He said he went to find employment with the determination that whatever he did, he would do it weF. The first and only tiling he found that he could do was to black boots and scour knives in a hotel. That ho did, and did it well, as gen tlemen now living would testify. Though tho business was low and servile, he did not lay aside his self-respect, or allow himself to be made mean by his business. The respect and confi dence of his employers were soon secured, and he advanced to a more lucrative, and less labori ous position. At length his health was restored, and he re turned to his legitimate business, which he now carries on extensively He has accumulated an ample fortune, and is training an interesting family by giving them the best advantages for moral and mental cultivation. He now holds an elevated place in community where he lives. Yoimgmen who may chance to read the above statement of facts, should mark the secret of success. The man’s whole character, of whom I have spoken, was formed and directed by the determination to do whatever he did, well Advantage of a “Good Name.”— Walter was sick, and his mother was trying to get him to take some oil, but evorytime he looked at it, he got so sick he was obliged to turn off and say —“ Oh, mother, I can’t take it.” He was a good boy, so his mother did not threaten to whip him. or pour it down him, or even tell him any stories to get him to take it, she only told him kindly that he must drink it. While he was still shud dering and hesitating, she said to a lady stand ing by—“ The doctor says Walter is the best child to take medicine that he ever saw.” The words were scarcely out, when the little fellow seized the cup, with the resolution of a man and drank it of!'. The idea that he had a good name, gave him nerve to overcome his loathing. A good name is a great thing; strive to get it, my little friends, and then you will naturally want to keep it.— Temp. Crusader. Guns for Children.— The Mobile Mercury gives an account of the following accident which resulted from the common practice of buying guns for children: We heard a day or two ago of an accident which had nearly proved fatal, happening to a lad by the bursting of a four dollar gun with which he was shooting birds. The barrel burst lengthwise, from one end to the other, the lock, struck him in the forehead, tearing the scalp al most entirely from his head, and laying him senseless and quivering on tho ground. His companion, a brave little fellow of thirteen years old, ran to the nearest water, filled his hat with it, and by repeatedly sprinkling it into the wound ed boy’s face, restored him to consciousness and assisted him home, first taking the precaution to discharge his own gun, lest some further acci dent might happen. ——_ [For the Southern Field and Fireside.] ENIGMA, NO. IX. I am composed of twelve letters: My 8,2, (I—is what we often see. “ 1, 7,12 —is very usefnl. '• 10,4, 11, 7-ls:iwant “ 8,2, B.ll—is identical. My whole is the proprietor of an excellent family journal. - Answer next week. China Grove. Laura. ENIGMA, NO. X. I am comjHisedof ticenty-six letters: My 3,2, 20, 12—is a very useful metal. “ 4,2,5, 21—a bird. “ 22, 24, 7, 8,12 —name of a village. “ 8.15 28, 9—beautiful flower. “ 10, 28,11, 4, 12—belongs to a circus. “ 1, IT. 16, 20. 2—much needed in a college. u 18, 26,19,10, 7—a dangerous weapon. “ 25 IS, 22, 2—something much admired. “ 14, 5 22—favorite stimulant. My whole is an important and edifying public docu ment. Answer next week. Augusta, Ga. Fiaxk. 137“ Answers —Enigma, No. VII.: General Thomas Sumter. Enigma, No. VIII: William Henry Harrison. Correspondence: Fanny, of Washington, sends cor rect solutions to Enigmas VII. and VIII. J. W. E., of Richmond Factory, answers No. VII. Frankie Butler, of Mobile, sends solution to Enigma, No. V. The elegantly expressed solution to Enigma No. VII., by HC. I)******, “a particular friend of Natalie,’ 1 is at hand. “Investigator," of Quitman county. Goo., is thanked for his skillful poetical Solution to Enigma No. V. He is right, too, in his correction of the terms of proposition of No. V.; but space cannot be found in the limited column devoted to children for theflfty-odd linos of “Investiga- I tor's” rythmical solution. 211