Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

The Farm and Garden, Restocking * ranis Luudn^ Dear Sir: I am a full believer in grass as the product for tho farms of New England, and, in fact, fur most of the northern section of our country, and the great question is, how to keep our lands continually in grass. I have rroticed your suggestions as to top drejsing, and have practiced upon them with a good degree of success, but the trouble with me is to get sufficient top dressing, and I want to know how it would work to turn over some of my land and restock it without goiug through with the expensive process of raising hoed crops. Any information you can give us on this point will much oblige an Inquiring .Farmer. Certainly you can turn over vour land and restock it without a hoed or grain crop. Tho thing is often done, and we never know it to fail of success The Tho common practice in New England is to plow in July or August, harrow thoroughly as soon as the land will mel low nicely, and put on some fertilizer and a liberal allowance of a variety of grass-seed. This restocking should be (lone just beforo a shower, or, better still, just before a long rain in the lat ter part of August or the fore part of September, and tho seed is suro to catch and get a good start before win ter. With such management we have never known a case where a large crop of grass was not secured the following summer, and wo have often wondered why this practice is not more generally adopted, and we are much obliged to an inquiring farmer for calling our atten tion to thiß subject. It is a mere prej* udice to suppose that grass-seed must bo sown with grain, and that land must be plowed and hoed for two or three years in succession beforo it is in fit condition to be rostockcd. We have heard some old farmers affirm that the grain shadowed the young blades of grass and kept them from drying up, but the protection that grain affords to grass is much like that a wolf furnish es the lamb. It is too close an embrace. The grain draws on tho soil for the lion’s share of nutriment. The shad owing process cannot be denied, but wo lave yet to seo the case where shadow ng was advantageous to grass. Who ever has tried growing grass with and without tho shadow of grain must be satisfied that the shadow is a positive damage. Wc must opt, however, be understood as advocating the restocking of grass land as a necessary process in all cases. If the land is natural to grass we much prefer to keep the old roots than to re new them. The forage on old land is firm and of a more varied character than w hen it is freshly stocked. As we stock land we put in two, three, or half u dozen kinds of seed. The next year we find new kinds of grass coming in, and in the course of a few years a doz en, often a scoro of grassos, can be found, and a natural rotation goes on from year to year. With a good top dressing annually or frequently the bet ter grasses will continuo to predotni. riatc. Wo must not, however, expect good grass unless tho land is well fed. A thorough-fed field will produce a largo variety and quantity of the best grasses, just as certainly as a thorough bred oow will produce a good calf, and this whether tho season is cold or hot, wet or dry. The tendencies of nature, as of morals, aro to both evil and good, and whether tho one or tho other prci dominates depends upon tho oulture.— Tho old divines used to maintain that tho land was cursed for Adam’s sin, and in consequenco brought forth briars and -thorns. However this may bo, the command was given to man to till and subdue the earth, and we are certain that it can bo made to produce pretty much what we -please. This .year, for instance, wo notice on some fields a su perabundance of white daisies. A car companion—of course not much versed iD .agriculture—recently said to us, f ‘What largo fields of buckwheat you aro raising in New England this year!” ■and we could hardly convince him that the fields were white with daisies. On well cultivated lands, however, the dai sies aro no more abundant than usual— in fact are not to bo seen, being choked out by the thick-set and nutritious grasses. We know no weed that cannot be eradicated from grass land by high culture. Even the Canada thistle and the stubborn “live forever” muFt suc oumb to better forage if tho latter is well fed. We do not pretend to be able to ac count for this improvement of grass If b‘ds ; under good culture. Whence the seeds of good grasses come and whith er they go, we are as ignorant as whence come and whither go the wiuds; bwt as euro as the ravens aro gathered where tho carcass is, so suro will the grasses grow whore they find the prop* or pabulum in rich abundance. We have a dozen varieties of grf.ss growing in our fields of which wo never sowed a seed, and wo notice a change fremyear to year, but no deterioration, so long as the land is well fed. To bring in tre foil (red clover,) we have only to apply a good dressing of gypsum. Sprinkle wood ashes liberally, and white olover if sure to show itself. Top dross with compost, of which muck is tho base, and meadow-fescue, herds grass, and red-top put in an appearance. On the foundation of a coal pit there i3 a suffi ciency of inorganic matter to make white clover grow for half a century, provided a growth of trees does not in torfero. There is many a mowing lot in Massachusetts which has not been plowed since the land was first redeem ed from the forest, and which is still producing good crops of the best of bay. Of course, these lots have good culture, or are so situated as to receive the wash lrom neighboring lands, or a deposit from the overflow of a contigu ous stream. Fortunate is tho owner of a river meadow which is kept in good heart for the production of grass by the annual overflow. We know of no land that makes bigger returns for lit. tie labor. With a liver meadow in front and good grazing in the rear a fanner uoo.ds but little wit to. make a living. A fortune is sure to follow good' management. We aro aware, however, that there is as much difference in tho natural ca pacity of land as in that of men, and every firmer should study the consti tution of his soil just as a wise father studies tho nature of his child, and put it to the uses for which it is best adapt ed. While grass is the indigenous and leading product of the North, not evs cry field can be most profitably employ ed in its constant production. A ro tation of roots and grain is in somo cases a dictate of economy, if not of necessity. Whenever it is deemed ad visable to plow, it should be understood that the mere act of plowing does not add to the fertility of the soil. The plow may turn under much inorganic matter, and does produce an ameliora ting physical influence on the soil, but the root and grain crops arc more ex haustive than grass, and unless some fertilizer is applied, the land when re stocked with grass is not iu so good heart as beforo. P’owing without fer tilizing is ruinous to most of our farms. It is as bad as the bleeding which some nervous women used to think necessary for their health every spring. We once asked a farmer why he plowed up a pasture once in every fivo or six years His answer was, “to subdue the weeds and bring in some nutiitious grass.”— He put on no manure, and raised a crop of rye, restocking with grass. But tho field fin illy refused to yield rye, or any thing else but a crop of white birches. An “Inquiring Farmer” must not think he can plow and restock with grass immediately without some fertil izer. If his land is in good heart, a to'p-dressing of wood ashes and plaster may be all sufficient; but if his land is run down, he must not think that plowing will save his compost. In all cases where wo have known this mode of restocking, without grain, to suc ceed, some fertilizer has been invaria bly used, generally well-rotted barn** yard manure or compoßt. This gives tho seed a vigorous start, and enables it to resist the rigors of winter. Ifour friend’s compost heap has given out wo should recommend him to try Prof. Staekbridge’s specialty for grass. Wc cannot speak from experience of his for mula, but are confident that it must be good so far as it goes, and it certainly is a cheap receipt for renovating grass lands. To produco one ton of hay per acre in addition to the natural capacity of land Prof. Stackbridge recommends 180 pounds sulphate of ammonia, 70 pounds muriate of potash, and 95 pounds of superphosphate of lime. We hope “Inquiring Farmer” will try his formula and report results. —Alexander Hyde, in New York Times. Harvesting Grain. Men differ as to the best and proper time to cut wheat. Many say it should stand until the grain is quite hard, and then cut and pit it into tho barn al most immediately. Others cut earlier and often put it into the barn or stack before it has had time to cure. I have no doubt, if the wheat is intended for seed, though the sample will be quite rough and will not look so nice, it is better to let it get quite hard previous to cutting ; but for grinding, and to make 6ure of a fine sample for sale, this is a mistake. When secure in this hard state, and through being so long exposed to the sun before cutting, it is impossible for tho miller to separate the bran from the flour so thoroughly ; con sequently the flour is coarse and brown. Also, when cut so late, if there is much to handle, considerable will be lost be* fore the whole is secured. For several reasons it is desirable to cut while in a soft state. If the berry is past the milky state, and when like soft dough, it is as good time as can be. I have known large wheat raisers to cut it very green. The color is brighter, the berry more plump, the quality nicer, the straw softer and tougher— not so liable to break up when thrash ed —all of which is very desirable. It is a settled question that more and bet tei flour can bj roado from this wheat. Of course, to cut in this green or soft state more time is required to cure be fore hauling. Many object to this on account of rains, and are anxious to barn the grain immediately after cut ting. We know it is not pleasant to have rain d.iy after day on wheat if not properly set up in shock. My custom is to cut when in the. dougiiy state, make good sized bundles, set them up well—six bands upright and two to cap with, making eight al together ; let them stand till the wheat is hard enough to grind. The wheat will not be injured by moderate rains, and the heads not being much exposed to the sun will not bo injured by dry ing too quickly. lamin no hurry to haul the wheat if other work is press ing. I have found all through thirty five years’ experience that it is best to cut early and give sufficient field room. Most of the musty wheat is caused by being put together too soon after cut ting, even if the wheat and straw seem quite dry. As so many of our farmers raise green weeds with their crops, and these, getting mixed up with the wheat cause it to heat and mold in the mow or stock.— Ohio Farmer. To destroy lice in chicken houses fumigate them with brimstone and char coal. Set firo to them on an iron pan, and use freely, burning three or four pounds at a time. They will make a big smoke, but there need be no danger. Tho fumigation will kill all the lice. We believe that our farmers should clean up thoir farms and get out the way useless stuff and rubbish, but we want to take our stand against tho use* less waste of timber. It is all right to cultivate the lands that have been cut over, to cultivate large prairies, to cub tivate woll and faithfully all that is not covered with stalwart timber. Job Work neatly aud cheaply execu tod ut this office. THE SINGER SEWING MACHINE. The [People’s Favorite, THE LARGEST SALES BECAUSE THE MOST POPULAR. The Most Popular Because the Best. VERDICT OF THE LADIES. rpilE stubborn fact shown by the official returns, tliat the Singer Sewing Machine X the only one whose sales have largely and steadily increased every year, uninterrupt edly—that last year the sales more than doubled those of the neat highest competitor, and nearly equalled the sales of all the other companies combined, demonstrates beyond all controversy that THE SINGER SEWING MACHINE is the most popular, because, in the estimation of the ladies of the country, is superior to any other ma ufactured. The following returns of sales, sworn to by each company tells the story: Sales in 1871. 1872. 1873. 1874. 1875. By the Singer 131,260 219,753 232,444 241,679 249,852 Wheeler & Wilson 128,52 ti 174,088 119,100 92,827 103,740 Ilowe (Jan. 1, to July 1) 34,010 145,000 No returns 35,000 25,000 Remington „ 25,110 Domestic 10,397 49,555 40,114 22,700 21,452 Sales for 1876, 262,316 Machines. Safes Still Increasing. All Competition Distanced- Send your address for a catalogue of the celebrated B AZAAIt GLOVE-FITTING PAT TERNS. They arc the best, the cheapest and most stylish patterns in the market. Address n C. S. BEATTY, The Singer Manufacturing Cos. j ore, w.TEo O NARD, a At. ah ’ Ga J Cor. Broad and Ala. St.’ Atlanta, Ga. W. 11. T ORRENCE, mayss Canvassing Agent for Gordon County. THE OLDEST HOUSE IN CALHOUN Estabished 1857. NEW GOODS! NEW GOODS WE arc pleased to notify our friends that we are now iyin in a .arge and superi stock of Seasonable Goods. Those who wish Bargains will give us a call. FOSTER & HARLAN. REMINGTON SEWING MACHINES, FIREARMS, AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. The ‘'Remington Sewing Machine” has sprung rapidly into favor as possessing the Best Combination of good qualities, namely : Light Running—Smooth—Noiseless— Rapid—Dur .blc—with perfect Lock Stitch. It is a Shuttle Machine with automatic Drop Feed. Design beautiful and construc tion the very best. The ‘‘Remington Sewing Machine” has received premiums at many Fairs through out the United States, and without eff >rt took the grand Medal of Progress—tnehighest order of Medal that was awarded at the late Vienna Exposition. The Remington Works also manufacture the new Double-Barrelled Breech-Loading Shot-Gun, snap and positive action, with patent joint check, a marvel of beauty, finish and cheapness—and the Celebrated Remington Rifles—adopted by nine different Goi ernments—and renowned throughout the world for Military, Hunting and Target pur., poses—all kinds of Pistcls,Rifle Canes, Metallic Cartridges, &c. AGRICULTUItAI IMELEMENTS.—Improved Mowing Machines, Steel'Plows, Steel Iloes, Shovels, Cultivators, Road Scrapers. Patent Excavators,' Hay Tedders, Cotton Gins, Iron Bridges, &c. .Good Agents Wanted. Send for Circulars. jan26*6m E. REMINGTON SONS, llion, N. Y. si a ASK YOUR GROCER FOR ITT ' Depot, 104 EEADE 3TESST, ITewTork. jun 9 ly. “ GET THE BEST, Marrow’s Pictorial and Encyclopedia of Biblical Knowledge con tains 64 important features, nearly 1,300 illustrations and many fine plates by Ous tave Dore and other artists. Genuine mo rocco bindings and heavy panel, four styles and prices, Send for circulars and terms to agents, OUR GOVERNMENT. “The Century of Independence’’ cm. braces a collection from official sources of the most important documents and statis tics connected with the political history of America; also a chronological record of the principal events from its discovery to the present time, with biographical and historical eketches, etc. Printed in Ger man and English. Nearly 600 pages. Never before has so,much practical; in formation of this nature been published in any one volume. The lawyer, banker, merchant and far mer will each conclude that it must have been prepared especially with reference to his convenience. It is designed for this wor- to take the place in politics that \veb‘ter’s dictionary does in language, and Appleton’s Gazetteer in general literature. The binding, paper aud illustrations have been made to com pare with the general character ot the work. Though a person can be a good citizen without a thorough education, no good cit izen can enjoy the right of franchise intel ligently without possessing the information contained in this book. Wnile persons refuse to purchase ordina ry or expensive works, all classes will gladly avail themselves of the opportunity for obtaining a work so indispensable at so ow a price, €2.50. Sold only by subscription. Send for special circulars and terms to agents. A NEW PLAN, (Solicitors for premium papers should write us at once. Tle burden of a heavy load removed. Samples all carried out of sight. Scud for terms for the cheapest pa per published, with a fine engraving (25x 321 for a premium. For this and the above new works and 150 standard books address, S. L. MARROW & CO mav2l-4m. Indiauapoliis, lud. Unabridged Dictionary ! FOR THE SCHOOL ROOM. 3000 Engravings; 1840 Pages Quarto. Price sl2. A!NEW FEATURE To the 3000 illustrations heretofore in Webster’s Unabridged, we have added four pages of COLORED ILLUSTRATIONS engraved expressly for the work at large expense. Nearly every State Superintendent of Public Instruction in the Union, or corres ponding officer, where such an one exists, has recommended Webster’s Dictionary in the strongest terms. Among them are those of Eastern, Northern, Middle, Southern and Western States—twenty-eight in al’| STATE PURCHASES. The State ot New York has placed 10,000 copies of Webster's Unabridged in as many of her Public Schools. The State of Wisconsin, about 5,000 nearly every school. The State of New Jersey, I,soo—nearly every school. The State of Michigan made provision for all her schools. The State of Massachusetts has supplied her schools—nearly all. The State of lowa has supplied her schools. The State of Connecticut has ma pro vision for her schools. Over 8000 schools in Indiana were supplied during the year 1872, an! many more in 1873 and 1874. In other States many copies'have been purchased for supplying schools of oitiea, counties and towns. What better investment can be'madc foE soliools ? More than ten times as many are soldi f Webster’s Dictionaries, as of any other se ries in this country. At least four fifths of all the sc 00l books published in this country own Webster as their standard v and of the remainder few acknowledge any standard. üblished by G, & C. MEURIAM,Spring I field, Mass. mar I ML .... ML The Calhoun Times. tUBLISHBD EVERY SATURDAY AT CALHOUN GORDON COUNTY, GA. By 33. B. BIIF/BM A-N. - JSi-’: -a su sa WIDE AWAKE, PROGRESS!!! AND READABLE Papers in Rejection, and no pains will be spared to render this end attainable Its contents each week will comprise a carefully prepared collection of Inter n p h cud,* 4 a character well adapted to the wants of its subscribers. hOME AFFAIRS 0 't ITT wlli rewire especial aUeoHon, and every oveM* worthy of mention will be notod ' . • THE TMES \ Ajm 'mmm ■ •?>-;. • . j Will labor unceasingly for the promotion of the interests of our county and scc oand ti| rrf )Ij i>v#)rr f># ril and encouragement of the pboplc. ■ I'TtW fIOV |f 11 f ;si 4 i a ac& }■ -tl SJLI J ■ ’ i 1 TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: ° n ° Y ear, Slat Month® - - _ _ ± OO Throe Month® CLUBS! CLUBS! Wo offer he TIMES io Clubs of five at *1.50 a year, and will B i vo an eatra copy to any person who will raise a Club. A Club can be raised in anv neighborhood with little trouble, and aid thus rendered to the home paper. * BUSINESSMEN Will find the Times one of the most successful advertising mediums in Northern ieorgia, as it has rs well as a largo list in its own county a considerable circular lun in adjoining counties. Kates very low. t Warranted "as" Represented I THE NEW HOUT I M) M'liill WAS AWARDED TUB* FIRSTi PREMIUM! At tlic Centennial Exhibition, 1576, and hag always carried oil' the highest honors wherever exhibited. >; ? A COMPACT, simp™, durable liighf Itunnlngand EFFICIENT “LOCK STITCH” MACHINE. ADAPTED to the WANTS of EVERYBODY. The HOMr SEWING MACHINE was Perfected eßht years* since by the aid of the best inventiv* talent ami Mechanical Skill. It comhinks all the Essential Parte of a FIRST CLASS MACHINE, is SIMPLE in CONSTRUCTION, &UI‘tCRLOR in Strength and Beauty contains lees Working Parts and is Capable of DOING a t ruler range of Work than oi hut Sewing Machines. ItwillKlJN without COBTINQ ONE CENT for Kminj.' Iu the Manufacture of this MACHINE tho Very Rost Materials are ÜBED. The WEARING PARTS are hardened’, and the Mechanism has been Constkcctkil •with the special viete of producing an Easy Running, DURABLE, and almost NOISELESS MACHINE, adapted RQUaut WELL for Coarso or fine Til BEAD, CUT TON, SILK or LINEN, SEWING from the JAghtest Muslins to Heaver Cloth ami LEATHER. Such Confidence is fei.t in the INTRINSIC MERITS of tho HOME SEWING MACHINE that every MACHINE is fully Warranted for Five Years. LIVE AGENTS wanted in localities where wc are not represented. Send for prices, and samples of work domj on the lIOME, or call at any of our olliccs. Johnson, Clark & Cos,, v 30 Union Square, New York, 664 'Washington Street, Boston, Maas. llli Second Ave., Pittsburgh, P*. 141 State Street, Chicago, 111. 21 South sth Streot, St. Louis, Mo,. | 17 New Montgomery St., San Francisco, Oal. nO.ii.T-.ti ifcr.— *• Newsy, Spicy, Reliable.” The Atlanta Constitution. Under its new management, the Atlanta | Constitution has won for itself the tiile of 1 the leading jourral of the South. Its en- | terpriae, during tha recent election excite- 1 men!, i.i sending correspondents to differ j ent portions of tiie countrv, and its series of special telegram's from Washington while the electoral commission was engaged in consummating the fraud that placed lladi. I c.lism onco move in power in our nation*! j councils are evidences conspicuous enough j to prove that no expense will be spared to I make the Constitution not only a leader in the discussion of matters of public concern, but a leader in the dissemination of the in test and most reliable news. There is no better time than row to subscribe for A Fresh and Vigorous Newspaper. Albeit, there has been a quasi settlement of one of tlic most difficult and dangerous problems of modern federal politics, the discussions springing therefrom and tlic re sults likely to ensue have lost nothing of their absorbing interest. In addition Io this, the people of Georgia arc now called upon to settle The Convention Question. and in the discussion of this important sub ject (in which the ConstDution will take a leading part) every Georgian is interested. If a convention is called its proceeding* will find their earliest and fullest embodi ment in the columns of the Constitution, and this fact alone will make the paper in dispensable to every citizen of the State.— To be brief, The Atlanta Dally Constitution. will eudeavor, by all the means that tho pro gress of modern journalism has made pos sible and necessary to hold its place as leader of Southern opinion and as a purvey or of the latest news. Its editorials will bo thoughtful, timely and vigorous—calm and aigumentativc in their methods and thor ougbly Southern and Democratic in their sentiments. Its news will be fte-h, reliable and carefully digested. It will he alert and enterprising, and no expense will be spared to make it the medium of the latest and most important intelligence. The Weekly Constitution. Besides embodying everything of inter est in the daily, the Weekly Constitution will eontain a Department of Agriculture, which will be in charge of Mr. Malcolm Johnson, the well-known Secretary of Georgia State Agricultural Society. This department will be made a specialty, and will be thorough and complete. The far mer will find in it not only all the current information on the subject of agriculture, but timely suggestions and well-digested advice. Subscriptions should be sent in at onco- Terms of the Daily: 1 month *..sl 00 3 months 3 OCh G months 5 30- 12 months 10 00- Torms of the Weekly: G months $1 10 12mcnths 2 20- Money may be sent by post office money order at our expense. Address: THE CONSTITUTION, Atlanta, G* Fisk’s Patent Metalic BURIAL CASES! We have purchased from Boae & Barret their stock of Burial Cases, and will kec a good stock and a full range of sizes at th old stand of Reeves < Malone FOSTER & HARLAN 'mtllgeawngmauO I^Q^EaDfItHWUBRBI I^kIf^^HAFTING.PULLEYS AND HANGERS)! hat.uii;ijii.m * ii 7li n i ill ll HIM I The UNEQUALLED JAS. LEFFELI)OUBLM r Address, POOLE & HUNTjm