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FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.
Table of Weights and Measures.
Bushels. Lbs. Bushels. Lbs.
'Vheat 60 Blue Grass Seed...l4
Shelled .corn 66 Buckwheat 52
♦Torn in the ear 70 Dried peaches 38
Peas 60 Dried apples 24
Rye 56 Onion 57
Oats 32 Salt 50
Barley 47 Stone coal 88
Irish Potatoes 68 Malt 40
Sweet Potatoes 55 Bran 20
White Beans 58 Turnips 55
Castor Beans 46 Plastering Hair 8
Slover Seed 60 Unslacked Lime...Bo
Timothy Seed 46 Corn Meal 47
Flax Seed 56 Fine Salt 54
Hemp Seed 44 Ground Peas 23
Alderney Cows.
Alderney is well known for the breed
of good cows which beats its name. —
These are so called probably because
the first ones exported were from that
island, although now very few that are
sold as Alderney cows are directly from
there. Those of that breed actually ex
ported from these islands are generally
from Jersey, where the cattle are much
the same as those of Alderney, small,
with tapering jlieads, and of a delicate
fawn color. The Guernsey cow is es
teemed by some even more highly than
the Alderney; it is rather larger, anc
more of a red, brindled in color. The
cows arc milked three times daily, anc.
the milk is churned without skimming ;
one pound of butter daily is by no
means an uncommon yield for a good
cow. The cow cabbage is made to reach
a size so large that the leaves are used
to wrap the butter in for market, while
the stalks are varnished and armed with
ferrules and extensively used at St.
ITelier’s for canes. The cows are very
carefully coddled. The grass they feec
on is highly enriched by the vraic, a
species of seaweed gathered from the
reefs at low tide. There are two vraic
harvests appointed by the government,
one in the spring, the other in August,
although it is gathered at other times in
small quantities. All hands turn out
in the season with boats and carts, fre
quently at uight, and it is a very lively
picturesque occupation, though often at
tended with risk and loss of life from
the overloading of boats or sudden rise
of the tide. The cows are well tether
ed when feeding; they eat less in this
way, really giving more milk than if
glutted with food, and while they are
cropping the grass on one side of a field,
it has time to spring up on the other
side. When they are done eating,
they aro at once removed from the sun
into the shade. The breed is preserv
ed from intermixture with other breeds
hy strong and arbitrary laws very strong
ly enforced. No cattle are allowed to
enter the islands except for slaughter
within a certain number of days with
the exception of oxen for draught.—
Harper's Magazine.
The Use of Tea.
The following hints concerning the
use of tea may prove useful:
1. Whoever uses tea should do so
in great moderation.
2. Jt should form part of the meal,
but never be taken before eating, be
tween meals or on an empty stomach,
as is too frequently done.
3i T.he best time to take it is after
a hearty meal.
4. Those who suffer from weak
nerves should never take it at all.
5. Those who are troubled with in*
ability to sleep at night should not use
tea,) or if they do, take it in the morn
ing,
6 f Brain workers should never goad
on their brains to overwork on the stim
ulants of tea.
7. Children and the young should
not use tea.
8. The overworked and underfed
should not use tea.
9. Tea should never be drunk very
strong.
10. It is better with considerable
milk and sugar.
11. Its use should at once be aban
doned when harm comes from it.
12. Multitudes of diseases come
from the excessive use of tea, and for
this reason those who cannot use it
without going to excess should not use
it at all.
Onions For Sleeplessness.
T now venture to suggest anew but
simple remedy for want of sleep. Opi
ates in any form,even the liquor opii se
dat and chlorodyne, will leave traces of
their influence the next morning. I
therefore prescribe for myself, and have
frequently done so for others—onions,
simply common onions raw, but Spanish
onions stewed contained in this most
valuable and healthy root. This oil
has, lam sure, soporific pon ers. In my
own case they never fail. If lam
pressed with work, and feel I shall not
sleep, I eat two or three small onions,
and the effect is magical. Onions are
also excellent things to eat when expos
ed to intense cold. Mr. Parnaby,
Troutable Fishery Keswick informes me
that when collecting salmon and trout
eggs in the winter, he finds that com
mon raw onions enable him and his men
to bear the ice and cold of the semi
frozen water much better than beer,
etc.
Bees’ Enemies.
Never put anew swarm of bees in
an old hive, as there will almost certain
be eggs of the honey moth deposited in
the crevices of the hive which will
hatch out and probably destroy the
swarm. When the moth once gains an
entrance to the hive the bees appear
powerless to expel them. When the
maggots begin to eat their way into the
combs, the sooner the bees are fumiga
ted the better. Bo not have a large
round entrance into the hive, conven
ient to mice, bugs and ether enemies;
have an entrance of only a quarter of
an inch in height, and from an inch in
winter to four inches in length in sum
mer. Should wasps or other bees at
taok a hive, the ouly plan is to narrow
the entrance so that ouly one or two
bees can pass at a time- To destroy
wasps, saturate a piece of woolen rag
with spirits of turpentine, put it into
the entrance to the nests, and leave it
there one night. The next morning
every wasp*will be dead;
Slitting Hens.
1 ears ago, when 1 commenc’d rais
ing chickens, my neighbors complained
of their hens all wantiug to sit on one
nest; and the consequence was broken
eggs, loss of time and labor in washing
eggs, changing nests, and but few chick
ens hatching. I resolved mine should
not have the opportunity to do so.
Having no chicken house, my hens
wanted to sit in the manger, on the hay
stack, in the fence corners, or other in
convenient places. I always made good
nests for them (provided they did not
encroach in the hog lot), put in 15 eggs,
then turned a box over only one of the
hens desiring to sit, leaving one side of
the box raised a little so as to admit
fresh air, and placing a weight on top
to guard against accident. At 1 o’clock
every day I opened all the nests so ar -
ranged, took the hens off so that they
might eat, drink and refresh themselves
in dust and ashes, being myself at the
nest when they went on, to see that on
ly one took possition again. At the
expiration of three weeks I was well re
imbursed for my extra care. lam
particular in this description, thinking
it may be of benefit to some of those in
new homes, situated as I once was.
Now, since I have a chicken-house
with tiers of boxes at the sides, they do
not require so much care. I sit enough
hens at one time to hatch all the chick*
ens I want; then a long board propped
up before each tier closes every box.—
As soon as they begin to hatch I ex--
amine the nests three or four times a
day, every time putting all the chicks
in an old basket, covering them with
flannel and placing the basket near the
fire. If they arc disturbed a few times
they refuse to obey their intended moth
er. At sunset I put one of the sitting
hens in a box as large as a tub of ordi
nary size, and give her all the chicks,
unless they number over 40, in which
case I put two hens in. I have two
now to which I give 70 chicks. They
cannot, of course, cover them all; but
I shall put them in an old tub every
evening until they are a week old. The
tub or box must not be covered. I
should like to hear from others on this
subject.— Ann Hopkins , in Rural New
Yorker.
■ ►—
Tlie Farmer’s Garden.
The farmer ought to have a good gar
den. Ilis work is such that he needs a
good supply of fresh vegetables during
the hot summer months. His health
will be promoted by their use, and his
comfort greatly increased. Yet many
farmers keep a very poor garden. I
used to do so, and many of my neigh
bors were as bad as myself. Bnt for a
few years past I have paid more atten
tion to it, and like a good garden so
well, that I am moved to write a few
words to induce my brother farmers who
have been hitherto negligent, to follow
my example. As far as dollars and
cents are concerned, it pays well to have
a garden and to take care of it. No
other piece of land on the farm is so
productive as this. It furnishes a large
quantity of food of the very best qual
ity. The farmer who thinks that he
can get nothing from his garden but
what he can just as well do without,
makes a great mist'ke. Food of some
kind he must have for himself and Ks
family. That which is produced by-he
garden is just the kind which, drying
the warm weather, the appetite craves
and the system requires. He fan ob
tain it from the garden a g-eat deal
cheaper than he can from any other
source. The main expense is the labor
which is required, and this is much less
than many farmers imagine. Not that
a good garden can be kept without work,
for that is utterly impossible. But if
properly managed, the work need not
be burdenseme. The great thing is to
take it at the right time, Once allow
it to oet full of weeds, and it will take
no small amount of work to get them
out. But if the hoeing and weeding
are taken in seasons, before the weeds
get a firm hold, and are frequently re
peated, the work will be light and will
not require a great deal of time. “Lit.
tie and often” is a rule for garden cul
ture. This was written mainly to en
courage those who have been in the
habit of planting a garden every year,
and as regularly letting it grow up to
weeds, to try this season to take care of
what they have planted, and obtain
something for their trouble. But it
may also be well to remark that many
kinds of seeds can still be planted, and
those who have thus far neglected their
opportunities can stil have a garden this
summer if they wish. — E, in Live
Stock Journal.
How to Obtain Choice Butter.
We present the following brief sum
mary of the leading or more essential
requisites for the production of good
autter:
I. Securing rich, clean healthy milk
—milk obtained from good cows, well
cared for, grazed upon sweet and nu
tritious pasturage free of weeds, and
provided with an abundance of clean,
fresh water.
11. Drawing the milk from the cow
in a cleanly manner and setting it in an
untained atmosphere and keeping it a
temperature—about 60° Fahr., while
the cream is rising.
111. Skimming at the proper time and
before the milk becomes old and bitter
or is decomposed.
IY. Troper management in churn
ing.
Y. Washing out the buttermilk thor
oughly and working the butter so as not
to injure its grain,
YI. Thorough and even incorporation
of pure salt and putting down iu tight,
clean, well made packages —packages
that will exclude as far as possible, the
admission of air.
VIII. Cleanliness in all the opera
tions from the time the milk is drawn
to the packing and marketing the but
ted, is of imperitive necessity. Judg
ment and experience in manipulating
the cream and working the butter must,
of course, beau element that is not to
bo overlooked or dispensed with.
-•*( • ►
A blithe heart makes a blooming
visage.
• #-*-►
All tru' lis must not be told at all
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READ ! READ!!
CONSUMPTION CURED
Office of 0. Sackett, Drugs & Medicines,
New Albany, Ind., April 10, 1870.
Dr. J. S. Pemberton, Atlanta, Ga.: Dear
Sir— l have received your circulars* and in
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Humbolt, Tenn., April 18, 1874.
rr > fS. Pemberton, Atlanta Georgia:
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EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT,
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Governor Stale of Geoegia.
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teresting stories and romances of the day,
carefully selected and legibly printed.
The Agricultural Department is a promi
nent feature in the WEEKLY SUN, and its
articles will always be found fresh and
useful to the farmer.
The number of men independent in poli
tics is increasing, and the WEEKLY SUN
is their paper especially. It belongs to no
party, and obeys no dictation, contending
for principle, and for the election of the
best men. It exposes the corruption that
disgraces the country and threatens the
overthrow of republican institutions. It
has no fear of knaves, and seeks no favors
from their supporters.
The markets of every kind and the fash
ions are regularly roported in its columns.
The price of the WEEKLY SUN is one
dollar a year for a sheet of eight pages,
and fifty—six columns. As this barely pays
the expenses of paper and printing, we are
not able to make any discount or allow any
premium to friends who may make special
efforts to extend its circulation. Under the
new law, which requires payment of pos
tage in advance, one dollar a year, with
twenty cents the cost of prepaid postage
added, is the rate of subscription. It is not
necessary to get up a club in order to have
the WEEKLY SUN at this rate. Any one
who sends one dollar and twenty cents will
get the paper, post paid, for a year
We have no traveling agents.
THE WEEKLY SUN—Eight pages-,
fifty-six columns. Only $1.20 a year,
postage prepaid. No discounts from this rate.
THE DAILY SUN. —A large four-page
newspaper of twenty-eight columns. Daily
circulation over 120,000. All the news for
2 cents. Subscription, postage prepaid 55
cents a month, or $6.50 a year. To clubs
of 10 or over, a discount of 20 per cent.
“THE SUN,"New York City.
THE JAS. LEFFEL
Double Turbine Water Wheel,
wPL Manufactured by
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.rkfe. Baltimore, 91d.
afit 7,000 xTTw ix vast
MS H Simple, Strong, Durable,
■fip I always reliable and Batis-
Manufacturers, also, or
Portable & Stationary
Steam Boilers,
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