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1878. /arm, 6arbm anb /irrsik. Wheat Culture. Wheat is not a profitable crop in this climate, nevertheless we would advise every farmer to grow enough for home consumption, if nothing else but “ the glorious privilege of beiDg independent.” There is a luxury too, in the enjoyment of a cake which you know contains neither kaolin, terra alba or plaster of paris. Its enemies. —Wheat is subject to injury from the Hessian fly, smut, and rust. The Hessian can be check mated by sowing your wheat after a killing frost. He disappears after a freeze, and your wheat stem by spring will have become too hard for him to do much damage. Smut can be prevented by soaking the wheat in a strong solution of blue stone, (and be sure that the blue stone is dissolved). It blue stone is not convenient, a solution of copperas or a 6trong brine and rolling in lime will be efficient. Don’t neglect the pre caution because “ you have never had smut in your wheat.” It may appear when you least expect it. The soak ing pays well' anyhow in getting rid of faulty grains, white caps, chaff and cockle. Bust. There is no remedy or pre ventive that we know of. It makes its appearance in all seasons, on all sorts of soils and in all varieties of wheat. It is a mystery, and has baffled all the experimenters. “ Enpassant,” we suspect that all the rust proof wheats are humbugs. “ Let the buy ers beware.” Selection of Seed. The farmer must be governed in this by' the experi ence of his neighbors. Some varie ties of wheat will succeed better on some soils than others. Quantity. About one bushel of soak ed wheat per acre will be found suffi cient, if the ground has been well pre pared. If you sow late you should put down more, for the plant will not till er so well. It is needless to say that the more thoroughly the soil has beon ploughed, the greater the certainty of a good return. Plow in close with a bull tongue, brush or roll carefully, and then open the water furrows be tween the lands, in order to carry off the surplus water, which may collect in the field. Never pasture wheat when the ■fF3tra u is“Wetr~^a¥turiTlg.with small animals when the ground is dry is not detrimental, and will often protect you from injury by spring frosts. Fertilizers. Wo have never found any fertilizer more convenient or ef fectual than cotton seed, plowed in with the wheat at the rate of twenty five or thirty bushels to the acre. Some very interesting and instruc tive experiments upon the farms about the city have been published. They have shed a flood ofiight upon a sub ject imperfectly understood by far mers. There can be no doubt of the ameliorating influence of the pea crop upon soils. If the addition of the “ Ash element ” is not too costly, and produces such effect as is claimed for it, there is no excuse for our dependence on the far West for our flour. Oats. It is not too late to sow the Eed Oat. It is useless to risk any' other variety. An experience of several years has convinced usof this fact. The oat is an invaluable food for work an imals, and can be grown more cheaply than corn. If sown even now it will be surer to yield a good return than if sown in spring. Your cotton is now nearly picked out, sow the field down in oats, turn under the pods, leaves and litter, and if you do not make a big crop of oats, y r ou will protect your soil from being leached by the winter rains and have a green crop to turn under. Our cotton fields are much more damaged by’ the win ter leaching than by the production of a cotton crop. Barley. Don’t neglect to have some rich lots in the neighborhood of your barn and stables in barley and oats. It will fur nish a nice bite for your work ani mals in the spring, and save many an ear of corn. Sow two bushels of barley and one of oats per acre. After the barley has been ted off, the oats will come out and give an extra good bite. Grass. Clover, herds grass or orchard grass may yet be sown if your ground is prepared. You can never be too well supplied with grass lots about the homestead. They are great promo ters of health, as well as safety valves to the corn crib. Eighteen miles west of Fargo, Minn., is a farm of 100,000 acres which is own ed by a company of Eastern capitalists. SOUTHERN CHRISTIAN ADVOCATE. dkituarn. Captain William Bird was born in Charleston, October 17,1794, was mar ried to Miss Susan Mood, October 17, 1815, joined the Methodist Church about the time of his marriage, and died in his nativecity, AugustflO, IS7B. He was more than an ordinary man. Blessed with a stalwart physique, he was well fitted for the stern activities of life ; and with a spirit in keeping with his body, he overcame difficul ties before which many of his less resolute cotemporaries gave way. He was a man of heroic courage, and was a terror to evil doers, particularly that class who in the earlier days of Methodism attended our churches, seemingly’ with no other object than to disturb the peace of the worship pers. Our bi’other was moreover a phi lanthropist of the highest ty’pe. The suffering and the distressed never ap pealed to him in vain, and as long as he had means, his hospitality knew no limit. His doors were alway’s wide open to his friends, especially to the embassadors of Christ. The min isters appointed to the charge to which he belonged were received by r him with open arms, and not unfre quently they wero taken with their families to his own comfortable home, and after their fatiguing journeyings in dead of winter, were there thawed and rested in the genial atmosphere of his family’ circle. Brother Bird was in all relations of life a reliable man. His engagements were esteemed sacred, and he made it a controlling principle of his char acter never to have another do for him what he could do for himself. Hence, duty always found him at his post. And the same strict integrity which governed him in his personal in terests, controlled him in his religious obligations. Ho was never absent from the Lord’s House, when able to be there. Going up to worship through incle ment weather, on one occasion, a rela tive kindly’ protested against the ex posure. His reply was, “ My’ rule is, if I could get to my business, I can go to my church.” His sterling qualities as a Christian and as a business man wore so appre ciated, that he was made chairman of all the business committees of the Methodist Church in Charleston. He was’Chairman of the original Board of Trustees of our church property in the city, serving with George Chrietz berg, Henry Muckenfuss, George Just, John Mood. Abel McKee, Samuel J. Wagner and John McKee. For more than forty years he was chairman of the Board of Stewards of Bethel Church, where he held his member ship to the time of his death. In all these public, as well as in his private relations to the church, he made duty the law of his life. Asa Methodist, while he was no bigot, he was decided, devoted and ardent. It was this type of religion which gave color to his piety, and im petus to his spiritual energies. His force of character, his fervor and his fidelity’ in the cause of his Master, conspired to make him, for more than half a century, a represen tative Methodist in Charleston. He was a warm friend of the y’oung people around him, was ever in sym pathy with the earnest, impulsive characters that he chanced to find among the youth and younger man hood of the community. He was in favor of bringing this class —even children —formally into connection with the church. As the result of his pious example and godly admoni tions, it was the privilege of the writer, not long before the death of our venerable friend, to receive into the church, two of his young grand-chil dren, sons of the Bev. U. S. Bird, now a memoer of the Florida Conference. At the time of Brother Bird's death he filled the responsible position of Port Warden, which position he had held for years, with credit to himself and satisfaction to the authorities. As he lay dying, his thoughts at times, with their native vigor and grip, seemed busy with the duties of his office, insomuch that they’ could only be disengaged by the charm that haloes the name of Jesus. At the mention of that name, his features would throw off the expression of business care, and a holy, peaceful smile would light up his wrinkled face. As the gathering shades of death were dimming the old man’s vision, he appeared not to recognize some of his earthly friends. The writer asked him, if he knew Jesus? At once the powers of mind and memory recol lected themselves, and he replied with full-toned emphasis, “ O yes, I know Him 1” We buried our dear old brother in the tranquil shades of Bethel Church, within whose walls he had so long worshipped, and for whose welfare be had so long worked, —fit resting place | for such precious dust. A large con -1 gregation of brethren, friends and cit izens were present to show their ap | preciation of the Christian and the | man. Thus, one by one, the living links which have bound our modern Meth odism to the great characters and grand achievements of her long ago, are dropping from the chain. May those that are forged without the glow and heat of the former fires, prove to be as bright and strong as they. Wm. C. Power. Ciiarles M. Gruber was born in Charleston, S. C., on September 29th, 1798. He was baptized by’ the llev. E. Faber, of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of that city, and was also con firmed in that Church, of which he continued to be a member until 1820, In 1822 he was married to Mary Ann Mealy, who was a member of the M. E. Church. He then changed his membership to the church to which his wife belonged, and continued in its communion till his death, which occurred on the 14th August, 1878, at the residence of his eldest son in States ville, N. C. Brother Gruber was an earnest and zealous Christian. Soon after he con nected himself with the Methodist Church, he was appointed a class lead er, and licensed to exhort. In these offices he employed his gifts in the service of the .Master for forty-five y’cars with fidelity. Forty’ years ago he organized a prayer-meeting in the yard of the South Carolina Railroad, where some of the present preachers of our Conference made their first el forts to lead the devotions of a con gregation. For some years ho held the office of captain of the magazine and powder receiver, giving satisfaction by his faithful performance of his duties, al ways endeavoring to maintain a good conscience both to God and man. In the domestic relations he was a de voted husband and father; and his generous hospitalities were shared by his brethren and friends. Possessed of a strong and vigorous constitution he out-lived most of his contemporaries, for by reason of strength he numbered about four score y’ears. The ruling passion strong in death, the night before his departure from this world, he sang a long hymn and pray’ed a long prayer. He trusted in his Saviour even to the end. His aged widow" and surviving children have comfort in the recollec tion of his devoted Christian life. W. S. The Raleigh Christian Advocate will please copy. William T. Patrick was born Au gust 6th, 1834, and died of heart dis ease, July 17th, 1878, near Ebericzer Church, Orangeburg County, S. C. Brother Patrick joined the Metho dist Church in the twenty-second year of his age, a few years afterwards was converted, and lived a consistent mem ber till his death. Knowing the na ture of his disease rendered him liable to death at any’ moment, he told me a few days before his death he was prepared for the change whenever if might come, nothing giving him trouble but the leaving of his family to struggle in the battle of life with out his counsel and help. He was a kind husband and father, and the gentle manner in which he conducted himself towards his family and any visitor, made it pleasant indeed to enjoy the hospitalities of his homo. He was-a good man—and what more need be said—and his genial smile and pious example will be missed by the community 7 in which he lived. He left a wife and two children who de serve the sympathy of friends. R. W. Barber. Died, at her residence in Williams burg County, Septermer 28th, 1878, of typhoid fever, Mrs. E. A. Pittman, in the twenty’-seventh year of her age. Of a quiet and amiaole disposition, with gentle and engaging manners, she won the esteem of all who knew her. She died in the communion of the Baptish Church, of which she had been a member for several years. The writer visited her during her last illness, and found her troubled with doubts, but these soon gave way, and the sunlight of God’s love shone into her heart imparting sweet comfort in the prospect of death. Among her last words to me were these: “ Noth ing troubles me now, I want to go and be with Jesus.” She leaves a grief stricken husband, two little children, and many’ friends to mourn her early departure. A. B. L. John Lanham, infant son of B Levi and Josephine Allen, was born Sep tember Ist, 1877, was given to God in holy baptism, May 4th, 1878, and went to live with the angels, after a long and painful illness, 14th October, 1878. W. W. M. WEDDING GIFTS AT ALLANS. FINE WATCHES, American ami Swiss, ol the Latest Styles. EICII JEWELRY Of New and Elegant Designs, and Exquisite Work manship. STERLING SILVERWARE In Fresh and Beautiful Patterns, especially adapted for Wedding Presents. SIL VER PL ATE/> II IRE Tea Sets. Waiters. Ice Pitchers, Butter Dishes, Cups, Goblets, Spoons, Forks of best, qualitv, Ac CHOICE FANCY GOODS. French and American Clocks, Fine Table Cutlery, Opera Glasses, Spectacles, Ac. THE BEST GOODS AT THE LOWEST PRICES. JAMES ALLAN, August 6-smo 307 King Street. CHINA EMPORIUM. H. C. STOLL, Agent, 287 King St., opp. Masonic Temple, CHARLESTON, S. C., DEALER in FRENCH CHINA, QUEEN SWARE, GLASSWARE, PLATED WARE IN CASTORS, KNIVES, FORKS, SPOONS, &C-, KEROSENE LAMPS BRACKET LAMPS, .3 AND 4 LIGHT CHANDELIERS, Suitable for Churches. All at Low Prices, for Cash. N. B.—Goods carefully packed, and sent to the Depot Free of Charge. August ti-4mos Largest & Most Complete Establishment South. Only Carolinians and Southern Men Manu facturing in the City. I DOORS, SASH, BLINDS, MOULDING, BRACKETS, SCROLL j And SAWED WORK of every description. ' Prices as Low as any House, North or South. August 13-ly j CARPET WAREHOUSE 1 JOHN CORBETT-, 237 KING STREET. TO MAKE ROOM FOR FALL STOCK, which wilt he complete in every department, I am offering at Reduce I Prices, for the balance of the Summer Season, the following Goods, viz.: INGRAINS, 3 PLY TAPESTRY AND BODY BRUSSELS, ENGLISH AND AMERICAN OIL CLOTHS, TABLE OIL CLOTH, CANTON MATTINGS. COCOA MATTINGS, PLAIN AND STRIPED, DOOR MATS, CRUMB CLOTHS, AND HEARTH RUGS. Also, a fine line of WINDOW SHADES. All orders promptly attended to. August 20-to Nov 26 One Study at a Time. WILLIAISTON Hill COLLEGE, WILLIAMSTON, S. C. THE SECOND SECTION BEGINS MONDAY, September 9. New pupils classified then, as well as at the opening. Fall Session closes De cember 20. Rates, for the Fifteen Weeks: Board, $45.00 ; Tuition, $7.50 to $15.00; Instrumental Music, $15.00. No extra charge for Latin, Calisthenics, Kin dergarten, or Health-Lift. Though not under the care of any Conference, Presbytery or Association, and depending solely on its own merits, the Institution has enjoyed quite a flattering prosperity, having had during last Spring Session more boarding pupils than any other Female Clolege in South Carolina. For Catalogue, address Rev. S. LANDER, President. August 20-tf CHEAP COOKING STOVES, TINT WARES. HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS. Send for Circulars and Price Lists. WM. SHEPHERD & CO., 2!) Havnc and 62 Market Streets, Aug 27-3 m CHARLESTON, S. C. GOO 1) 15 OAR 1), AT ONE DOLLAR PER DAY ! HURST HOUSE, 5G Wentworth Street, near King. Opposite Masonic Hall. CHARLESTON, S. C. LADIES TAKEN ALSO. October 5-3 mo LANDRETH’S Old Established Seed House. I have received a Large Supply of improved Yellow Ruta Bags, Early Dm eh. Red Top, Large ; Globe, Amber Globe, Norfolk, and ou er Turnips. Aleo, Early and Late Cabbages, Cauliflower, etc. House Furnishing Seed supplied to trade at Low Prices. WM. J. MILLER, August Mmo Sign of Plough, 363 King Street IN USE** BRINEY;V&&^s^£~ MAMUFACTUHEBS U jg- OF SOK OR WORK. II.OaiSYII.LI. KT-^Wt. and... August 27-6 mos GET THE BEST AND THE CHEAPEST. REYNOLDS’ READERS! Adopted by the State Board of Education of South Carolina, ! NO MORE EXPENSIVE CHANGES OF BOOKS! These Books once purchased by a Parent will be good for Five Years. THE NEW AND IMPROVED EDITION IS NOW READY! IREYNOLDS 5 READERS, IN FIVE WELL GRADED NUMBERS. For Introductory and Exchange Prices, address the Publishers. READ WHAT TIIE BEST TEACIIKRS OF OUR STATE SAY OF them: State of SouTn Carolina. Office of State Superintendent of Education, Columbia, September sth IS7S. Messrs. Walker, Evans A Cogswell: Genthmen : It gives me pleasure to inform vou that REYNOLDS’ READERS and COPY BOOKS have been placed upon the list of books adopted for the use of the public schools in this State. Very respectfully, IIUGII S. THOMPSON, State Sup’t Education. From School Commissioner, Union County , S. C. Jonesville, S. C. Sept. 19th, IS7B. Messrs. Walker, Evans it Cogswell: Dear Sirs: I am truly rejoiced that we have a State Board who seem disposed to encourage Southern publications. Our schools have been flooded with Northern books, many of which are very obnoxious to our people. Wo must have books of our own, which are in accordance with the tastes of the South. Let me congratulate you in securing the patron age for Reynolds’ Readers and Copy Books. Respectfully, A. A. JAMES. From Henry /'. Archer , Principal Bennett Public School , and Member State Board of Education. Charleston, S. C., October Ist, 1878. Having carefully examined Reynolds’ Series of Readers, as published by Messrs. Walker, Evans A Cogswell, 1 do not hesitate to say that in point of literary merit, typographical beauty, and me chanical execution, they are admirably adapted to the wants of our County Public Schools. They reflect the sentiments of authors “to the manor born,” and, as an encouragement to honest enterprise and native talent, should be placed at once in the hands of every child in the State. From some Prominent School Commissioners in South Carolina. “We, the County School Commissioners of South Carolina, have examined Prof. Reynolds’ Series of Readers, published by Dufiio A Chap man, of Columbia, S. C., and believe that they are admirably adapted to the purpose for which they are designed; and have no hesitancy in re commending them to the Private Schools of this State. “A. A. JAMES, Union County. “R. LATH AN, York. • r “ J. E. DUNLOP, Marion. T “W. BERLEY, Lexington. “ R. 11. REID, Spartanburg. “ W. SUMMER, Newberry. “W. J. WHITE, Lancaster. “11. PORCHER. Oconee. “ I). F. BRADLEY, Pickens. “W. H. IIAYNIE, Anderson. “ T. E. LUCAS, Darlington. “J. T. WALSH, Horry.” From J. P. Pritchard , A. M., Rector Cokesbury Conference School. Cokesbury, S. C., Aug. 27th, 1878. I take pleasure in recommending the Reynolds’ Series to all who are interested or engaged in the instruction of the young. I used the Series three years in the Lowndesville Academy, and was very much pleased with the books. I shall introduce them as soon as practicable into our School. They certainly are among the very best, if not the very best, that I have ever used. Very respectfully, J. P. PRITCHARD, Rector Cokesbury Conference School. REYNOLDS’ PRIMARY READER, OR PICTORIAL PRIMER! The cheapest and best Primer offered to the young children of South Carolina, designed as an introduction to the Readers. Office State Superintendent Education. Columbia, S. C., Sept. 28, 1878. Messrs. Walker, Evans A Cogswell : Gentlemen: In reply to your letter of the 27 th, I have to say that I regard Reynolds’ Primer as introductory to the Readers, and that therefore it is included in the list of text books adopted by the State Board of Education. Very respectfully, IIUGII S. THOMPSON, State Superintendent Education. One copy each of the Five Readers and the Primer will be sent to Teachers or School Officers, for examination, with a view to introduction, free of postage, on receipt of ONE DOLLAR. REYNOLDnOPY BOOKS. We beg to announce, that the Copy Books are being revised by several of the best teachers of the State, and that new and very fine plates are being prepared for the improved edition we propose issuing. All this has caused necessary delay, and they will not be ready before November st. Teachers desiring to introduce them will be furnished specimen copies from the first numbers, if they will names and enclose Fifty Cents. WALKER, EVANS & COGSWELL, PUBLISHERS, October 12 CHARLESTON, S. C. Carriage and Harass Emporium. WE KEEP THE LARGEST STOCK IN THE South, and build to order line custom work. Buggies, no top, sSs.no to $200.00; Buggies wi-h top, 5150.n0 to $400.00. All styles Pony Pnaetons Cabrio lets, Victoria', Cabs, Hoekaways, Coaches, Farm and Spring Wagons. 103 Meeting, Southwest cornet Wentworth street, Charleston, S. C. August t>-4mo LEONARD CHAPIN. Order your Apples, Potatoes and Onions, BANANAS, ORANGES, LEMONS. NUTS, Ac., From HENRY BAYER, Importer and Wholesale Dealer, Faul, Welch A Co.’s Old Stand, September 13-3 mo 215 East Bay, Charleston, S. C. 7