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TUESDAY, AUGUST 7. Cobb Ooaatjr HuusImUms*. For Senator— THOS. H. MOORE- Representatives— ALFRED MANER, S. M. BRADFORD. Ordinary— B. TOLLESON. Sheriff— f. B. BLACKWELL. [From the Charleston Mercury.] j Kloqmencf The Hew Phase of Consolidation “ The following ‘ specimen of eloquence * We have forborne entering into any di— from an authentic speech, made by General cussionof the measures proposed by the Buncombe. in the House of Representatives Know-Nothing party, beiug content to ex- i. . . . . yin., riVi... ... »>> pose its injurious tendency towards the i in the 1,1 Fifty-Four Forty or Fight. WEDNESDAY AUGUST 8. The Election la Earth Carolina. [From the Charleston Mercury.] The Hew Phase of Consolidation Again The fhunen of the Federal Constitution Fruit—Downing Hill Hanerjr. We were yesterday presented with the very finest fruit it has ever been our We have received but few returns of the were actuated by the wise maxim of Burke, p]e ; BUre from the Downing Hill Nur- election results in the old N\ rth Stole, but ^! wry of Mr. William H. Thurmond, of this Deputy— •JOHN ANDERSON. Clerk of Superior Court— JAMES M. BARNWELL. Clerk of Inferior Court— W. W. CARROLL. Tax Collector— G. JOHNSON. Receiver of Returns— J. F. McCLESKY. Coroner— JOHN WHITE. County Surveyor— J. B. FAIR. The ^notion of Suffrage. The announcement by Judge Warner on Saturday night, that the question of suffrage —the main feature in Know Nothing poli- tics—depeuded entirely upon the action of the State Governments, and could not there fore bo made the basis of a National Organ ization, foil like a thunder clap upon a large’portiou of his audience. Strange this matter has never been properly considered, neither in this nor, as far as we can learn, in other States during the canvass. It has been assumed in argument by the Know Nothings, that nothing was required for the completion of their designs but a repeal of the naturalization laws ; and doubtless, un der this supposition hundreds have been in duced to yield their adherence. But what will be thought, when it is conclusively proven, that the question which they pro pose to settle by national legislation, be longs not there, but to the States; and that Georgia has no voice in the question in In- dianna. The Know Nothings in this State have hitherto brought no complaint against the foreigners residing in our midst, but have chieflly warred against those, who have in snc'i numbers emigrated to the Northern States. Let them reflect, now, that the Northern States will settle this matter for themselves —that they neither require, nor will they receive our assistance. The Northwestern States, it is more than probable, will not attempt to deprive for eigners of the right of suffrage, as it is to their interest to encourage emigration.— For other States to pass laws of this kind would have a most ruinous effect, as the for eign population in thiB case would be driv en exclusively to one portion of the Union. Our policy has ever been to disseminate them as much as possible among the native born inhabitants. In connection with this subject, we have in another column of our paper, copied an able editorial from the Charleston Mercury, which wo commend to the careful attention of our readers. This, it seems to us, con clusively settles the question of foreign suf frage. Tennessee Election——Johnson Ahead I The latest advices from the Tennessee election up to last evening are highly favor able to the success of the Johnson, ticket.— We learn from passeugers who left Nash- viile on Saturday night that there was scarcely a doubt in that city that Johnson is elected, and bets are running at high ->dds against Gentry. Johnson’s majority as far as heard from was nearly 2,000. In addition to the table of returns which we give below, the American & Union of Sun day morning, contains the following tele graphic despatch : Memphis, Aug. 4. Johnson will go out of the West at least even. W. II. Carroll. Later from Tennessee From the Republican Banner,a Nashville K. N. sheet of Sunday’s issue, we have the following report from Tonuessee. It will la) seen that Mr. Gentry's organ pronoun ces hih defeat inevitable. Rumor brings accounts yet more favorable for Johnson Additional returns received since our last, and which will be found below, indi cate quite clearly the re-election of Gover nor -Johnson. East Tennessee, so far as heard from, has done finely, and will from present indications, do all that our friends m that quarter promised to do, aud even more. In Middle Tennessee, Gentry’s gain thus far is only 55S votes, with the counties of Coffee, Fentress, Grundy, llumpreys. Jack- son, Overton, Van Buren aud White to hear from This ib far short of the confident ex pectations we had formed upon what we considered the most reliable intelligence pre vious to the election. In West Tennessee, it. will be seen that while Gentry has gained largely in Shelby, Fayette, Madison and Haywood, Johnson has largely gained in Dyer, Obion, Gibeuii, son, Henderson. McNairy and Hardeman, and even made a small gain in Carroll, with the counties of Benton, Decatur, Lauderdale, Henry, Porry, Tipton and Weakly in that division of the State to hear from. However well, therefore. East Tennessee may do, we see no probability of her being able to avert the defeat of Gentry. Below will be found returns, official and reported, complete and incomplete, from 40 counties, which give Gentry a net gain of 1048 votes. He will have to gain 1,239 votes in the counties yet to be heard from to overcome Johnson’s majority of 2,261 in 1853. That is not all likely be will be able to do. Returns. institutions of the South. In rhe disinte gration which it is undergoing, it is difficult to s&v into what fragments it will finally breaft up; but from the action of the North ern States, rejecting the slavery clause in the platform, and of Louisiana, in repudi ating the Catholic restriction, it is more than probable, that there will soon be but one bond ol agreement between them—the exclusion of foreigners from political privil eges. These consist in eligibility to office and suffrage. As a matter of course, in a Republic like we take from the Knickerbocker. It com mends itself to the patriotic “fielink* ” of every true American: “ Mr. Speaker : When 1 take my eyes and throw them over the vast expanse of this expansive country; when I see how the yeast of freedom has caused it to rise in the scale of civilization and extension on every side; when I see it growing, swelling, roaring, like a spring-freshet—when I see all this, I cannot resist the idea, Sir, that the day will come when this great nation, like a young scliool-boy, will burst its straps, . —. .— . ’ ' * : a >uuur saiuui-uuy, wiu uuiotitoouopo, this, all citizens, native or adopted, would • an( j become entirely too big for its boots! be eligible to office. If there is any exclu- | .< sir «-* w»nt rihmn-ronm /—the conti- sion, it must be by express regulation. a Ac cordingly, both in the Constitution of the States and of the United State-?, foreign born citizens arfe put under certain disabili ties with respect to holding office. By the Constitution of the United States, no per son shall be a Representative in Congress who has not been seven years, and a Sena tor nine years, a citizen of the United States; and “ no person except a natural born citizens, or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of the Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President or Vice President.” The States have, undoubtedly, the power to es tablish similar disabilities, with respect to their offioes, or to exclude foreign born citi zens altogether from holding them. But all disabilities of this kind are prescribed in the Constitutions of the States or of the United States. To change these disabilities, therefore, in a State, would generally re quire an amendment o r the Constitution by two-thirds of both branches, in two succes sive Legislatures; and to alter the Consti tution of the United States, two-thirds of both branches of Congress, and the concur rence of three-fourths of the State Legisla tures. When, therefore, the exclusion of foreign born citizens from holding office, under the General Government in the States, is declared as the policy of a party, they must mean to reform the Constitution of the United States, and of every State in the Un ion, to aooomplish that end. Now, the platform nowhere pronounces a general war upon the Constitutions, State and Federal, on this point. Yet, to exclude men from office, because they are foreigners, is to make foreignism a disability, and to carry out that disability, without an amend ment of the Constitution, is to do outside of the Constitution that which cannot be done under it—to establish a “higher law,” by which it is to be violated. “American’s ruling America,” means this or nothing.— It means war upon all our Constitutions, by amendment, or war upon them by a “higher law.” There are few zealots so wild as to suppose that any one feature of the Consti tution of the United States can be changed, exoept by resolution or violence. No mea sure upon which there was an issue, could pass peaceably through the ordeal required by tne Constitution. A tilt against the Constitutions of all the States, is also such as h, «ecometou8 v e S"to gnttif^the SmmRTSionM^poli- j city. One accustomed only to the ordinary readers. The following ib Jie official return | and accordingly, when they saw so ! peaches, which grow upon uncultivated Sir, we want elbow-room!—the conti uent—the whole continent—and nothing but the continent! And we will/wue it! Then shall Uncle Sam, placing his hat upon the Canadas, rest his right arm on the Oregon and California coast, his left arm on the eastern sea-board, and whittle away the British power, while reposing his leg, like a freeman, upon Cape Horn ! Sir, the day will—the day must come!” Sworn Off.—Shumau, of the Syracuse Journal, has foresworn the use of tohaeco henceforth and forever. lie says: We bad smoked until our nervous system was like a fiddle unstrung—until we had become as weak as a child, as miserable as a constant headache and heartache could make us, and as wild-brained as a drunken poet. We wore smoking our nervous system into fidg ets ; our corporeal frame was reduced to skiu and bones; and our mental machine- ery was becoming disordered and unmana- gable. The habit cost us not a little suffer ing, and about two dollars a week, hard cash. We swore off, and stopped it—have not smoked a whiff since—feel better, and are growing fat and strong. We pronounce the use of tobacco a great vice, and advise all our friends—young, old or middle aged —to atop the use thereof, at once and forev er. Census Returns in Minnesota.—The St. Paul Minnisotian has returns, unofficially, from several counties. Ramsay county foots np 9,375; Hennepin is 4,200 ; Dako ta 3,100 ; Goodhue 2,000 ; Winona 2,506 ; Houston is 3,000 ; Fillmore 3,600 ; Riee 1,300 ; Carver 1,100. So far these figures foot up about 30,000. Washington county was probably come in about equal to Hen nepin, and the other counties will in all probability, swell the population of the ter ritory tu the neighborhood of 45,000 or 50,- 000. Proof of Monster Guns.—Mr. Nesmyth, of Patricolt, who is making the Monster guns for the Horatio, has nearly finished the first gun, which we believe, will be ready for trial in a few day6. It was ar ranged that this gun should be tested on the North Shore, at Liverpool, and this we hope and believe will be done as originally in tended. Military and scientific men from all parts of the country will be present on the occasion. These guns with their from New Hanover county Wilmington, Masonboro’, Middle Sound. Long Creek, Upper Black River, Lower Black River, Holly Shelter Piney Woods, Sandy Run, Caintuck, South Washington, Federal Point, Rocky Point, Winslow. 383 38 43 112 98 33 53 61 71 48 56 13 67 1076 ticians: . - ... : many various systems of suffrage prevailing Reid. J throughout the States, they settled the 445 I question upon the wise basis we have before * elucidated. Mr. Madison thus sums up in the Federalist the whole matter: “The definition of the right of suffrage is very justly regarded as a fundamental article of republican government. It was incumbent on the Convention, therefore, to define and establish this right in the Con stitution. To have left it open for the oc casional regulation of Congress, would have been improper, for the reason just mention ed. To have submitted it to the legislative discretion of the States would havo been improper for the same reason ; and for the m»na reason that it would have rendered too 48 14 25 1 11 0| 11 3 9! 42 4 10 "623! Showing a majority of 453 for Winslow. I dependent on the State Governments, that branch of the Federal Government which In Brunswick, the reputed majority for Mr. Reid is 120. In Sampson, full returns, with the exception of one precinot, give Winslow a majority of275. In Bladen, Ried has a majority of 240. Columbus gives Winslow a majority of 218 ; and Duplin, the same candidate a majorito of 548 In Cum' berland county, Fayetteville gives Winslow a majority of 274, a heavy gain. Rockfish gives Winslow about 15 majority; and Flea Hill, Reid about the same. It is impossible, with these meagre re turns, to indicate with any certainty what will be the final result. The Wilmington Journal, (a democratic paper,) of the 4th, ought to be dependent on the people alone. To have reduced the different qualifications in the different States to one uniform rule, would probably have been as dissatisfactory to some of the States, as it would have been to the Convention. The provision made by the Convention, appears, therefore, to be the best that lay within their option. It must be satisfactory to every State, because it is conformable to the standard already estab lished, by the State itself. It will be safe to the United States, because being fixed by the State Constitutions, it is not alterable by the State Governments, and it cannot be feared that the people of the States will alter this part of their Constitution, in such a manner as to abridge the rights secured to them by the Federal Constitution.” Wo have now reviewed the origin and upon lands, will find it difficult to conceive the lusciousness of peaches which have been carefully selected, aud well cultivated, as have been Mr. Thurmond’s. The pears were of the finest possible quality. To those wishing to plant orchards or buy fruit, we would unhesitatingly recommend Mr. Thurmond’s establishment. IFRIDAY, MORNING^,. AUG. 10. for governor, HEBSCHEL V. JOHNSON, OF BALDWIN. FOR CONGRESS: 1st Dlstrlct—J. L. Seward, of Thomas. M « M. J. Crawford, of Mus’g*. 3a “ James M. Smith, of Cpson. 4th “ H. Warner, of Meriwether 5th “ J. H. Lumpkin, of Floyd. 6th “ Howell Cobh, of Clarke, says, however: Some few returns indicate certainly the 1 " ow revwwn* «.« or. g .u »uu election of Mr. Branch in the Raleigh dis- Uwtory ot the fundamental question of suf- trict; of Mr. Ruffian in the Wavne district, fra ge. “ * rife‘’nrovf and meat probably of Mr. W«.«J ^ “ jBSSS&S. * SZ „ SSI! tion of the Sutra In thn Contention. «nd as that tb., rua. Dr. Shat. will.ptobjW, | g e ^"S-th.“"^U™ wthThich we started—that the exclusive and absolute This beat Col. Paine in the First district, is doubtful. Messrs. Shaw, Ruffin, Winslow, Branch, Craige and Clingman, anti-Know-Nothings, are most probably elected, and Messrs. Reid | and Puryear, K. N’s, though some think ] that even these two last named gentlemen may possibly be beaten. The same paper also Bays: Reported majority for Col. Ruffin in Wayne, in the neighborhood of 800; in Edgecome seme 12 or 1300. In the whole district his whole majority over Mr. Latham I will be very large indeed. j For Mr. Branch in Wake, four to five hundred. Nash some thousand. He is certainly elected. The election in Wilmington and vicinity | passed off very quietly, though there was | much excitement. specimen cf political daring, which looks carriages, will weigh fifty tons each, and very absurd and meaningless. The Know will carry_a shot half a ton^ weight, a dis- Nothing party, therefore, seeing the impos sibility of achieving their end through the legal, constitutional method, adopt the ex- trarconstitutional “higher law,” method.— Davidson, Fayette, 715 224 Lawrence, 119 Shelby, 244 Rutherford, 27 Montgomery, 327 Franklin, 45 Wilson, 100 .Cannon, 47 Maury, 225 Warren, 67 Williamson, 141 Lincoln, 400 Haywood, 99 DeKalb, 166 Hamilton, 168 Macon, 116 Madison, 194 Smith, 220 Giles, 75 Hardeman. 126 Robertson, 31 Gibson, 85 Stewart, 45 Obion, 211 Marion, 60 Hickman, 150 Marshall, 24 Dyer, McNairy, 156 Knox, 358 200 Bradley, 199 Lewis, 60 McMinn, 200 Henderson, 220 Hardin, 230 Wayne, 143 Benton, 117 Sumner, 341 Dickson, 152 Carroll, 6 3928 2905 This much as to the matter of eligibility. But it is plain, that the right of holding office is quite subordinate to the right of suffrage. Office holders are representatives. They represent the electors, who are the great source of all political power. Take away the right of suffrage from naturalized citizens, ana no naturalized citizen would hold office. This then, the restriction or abolition of the right of voting at elections, must form the grand corner stone of the Know Nothing organization. The sixth section of the platform contains the two clauses which relate to it, aud defines the policy of tho party to be : “The essential modification of the nat uralization laws, and the repeal by the Leg islatures of the respective States, of all State laws, allowing foreigners not naturalized to vote.” Now, in the first place, the right of suf frage, whether in tho native or foreigner, is not conferred by State laws, nor by State Legislatures, but the State Constitutions, ana by legislative action on the subject, must therefore take the form of constitu tional amendment. The platform on this point, then, is simply absurd. It was, of course, expected that, by modifying the naturalization laws, and repealing these supposed “State laws,” the whole scheme would be uniform and complete, and that henceforward, the right of foreigners to vote, would be determined by the naturalization laws, as modified. Yet, what will be said, wheu it is made to appear, that uot only is the matter beyond legislative repeal, but that even the modification, uav, utter abro gation, of the naturalization laws will not affect tho right of foreigners to vote? We propose to demonstrate this, by showing that the elective franchise is exclusively a matter of State regulation, and, therefore, caunot properly form the basis of a national organization. Previous to the formation of the Federal Constitution, each State undoubtedly had the right to confer suffrage upon whomso ever it pleased. Was that right given up or delegated at tho formation of the constitu tion ? Turning to the Constitution of the Uuited States, we find but a single clause which relates to the elective franchise. The second section of the first article provides that “the House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous branch oj the State Legisla ture.” Here, not only is there no power given to Congress to prescribe the qualifica tion of voters, but the whole mat ter is ex pressly referred to the States. The Consti tution, in fact, says to the States, this mat ter of suffrage is better in your hands, thau in the hands of the Federal Government.— It ooncerns youi most important interests, and must, therefore, command your closest attention. Whoever, therefore, each of you may see fit to admit to suffrage in your State elections, will bo admitted to vote in the Federal elections. Every State then, has now, as it had before the formation of the Federal Constitution, the absolute and unlimited control of the right of suffrage.— They can confer it as they please. Where, then, is the basisfor a natioual or ganization on this subject ? Modify, or re peal altogether, the naturalization laws, but so long as this right to regulate suffrage, re mains expressly and exclusively with the States, the foreign born might still enjoy the privilege sought by these means to be taken away from him. The attempt to es tablish a national party upon such a basis, is but another phase of consolidation. It proposes to make suffrage dependent upon the naturalization laws; the rights of the States, subordinate to Federal legislation. What sympathycan States Rights men have with such a scheme ? tance of four miles. It will take two bar rels and a quarter of gunpowder, or 225 pounds for a charge. Guns like these must add a new feature to the destructive engines of modern warfaro, particularly agaiust such stone walls as Cronstadt and Sebastopol.—Liverpool Times. BgL,The latest charge made by the K. Ns of Kentucky against Col. Preston, the anti- K. N. candidate in the Louisville District of Kentucky is, that he voted for and pro moted the passage of the Nebraska bill.— The K. N, Organs of that State calls this a “very objectionable vote. Later from Santa Fe. Defeat o r the Indians bv Col. Fauntle- roy.—A despatch, dated St. Louis, July 25, says: Advices from Santa Fe state that Col. Fauntleroy had returned from his pursuit of the Utah Indians. He overtook the party near the head waters of the Kansas river, killed forty and took five prisoners. Major Brooke and one old soldier was killed. The Indians, however, still continue their depre dations at various points. The Kirwas, Camanches and Cheyene In dians were in the vicinity of Walnut Creek receiving their annuities from the Govern ment.” control of suffrage is in the hands of the States. This much for the theory—what as to the practice ? By the Federal Constitution, Congress was empowered “to establish a uniform rule of naturalization.” Now, naturalization confers citizenship, but not suffrage. Yet, the majority of the States, though posses sing each the power to confer or take away the suffrage, independent of citizenship, have, in their constitutions, fixed citizen ship as a qualification for voting. They have done it simply of their own free will and motion. But this is not the universal system. Acting in the same spirit of abso lute control over the subject, some of the States have established suffrage on the fol lowing basis: The Constitution of New Hampshire de clares that, 1 Every male inhabitant, of twenty-one Episcopacy. The New Haven Register says, that therap- ; id growth of Episcopacy in New England is I in a great degree owing to the fact that the j Church avoids the discussion of all extra- ; neous matters, and is more proverbial for ; preaching the Gospel according to St. Paul than that of Kansas and Nebraska. It may ; be added as another cause of success, that j the members of the Episcopal, more than j ed to the Know-Nothing party, will be those of any other church, have abstained t rr „ . ,. . Th«r«. , ... , . .V, held at the City Hall m this city, on inurs- from this wild cry against Catholics. i P ! day next at 10 o’clock A. M., for the pur- Wilkes County, July 31st, 1855. j pose of nominating candidates for the next Mr. Gardner—Dear Sir: The Know ^ .... • , Nothings had a meeting in Washingtiou Legislature. The several election precincts last Saturday. The Crowd was addressed are requested to send delegates, by Mr. Hester, of Elberton, aud Judge An- MANY CITIZENS Judge ’Warner’s Appointments. Hon. IIiram Warner, will address the people of the Fourth Congressional District at the following times and places : Decatur, De Kalb co., Saturday “ 11. Marietta, Wednesday, August 15th. Franklin, Saturday, Aug. 18. Campbellton, Tuesday, Aug. 21. Greenville, Saturday, Aug. 25. Fayetteville, Tuesday, Sept. 18. LaGrange, Saturday, Sept. 22. County Convention. A meeting of thecitizens ofFulton county, drews. Mr. Hester made a very tame speech. He was followed by Judge A., who after warming himself up by boxing the desk very soundly, amongst other things, he made the following statement: That the popula tion of the United States, at the end of one hundred years, would amount to four hun dred millions, unless foreign immigration was stopped, and the children of present would find it more difficult to get a “potatoe f atcb,” than they to get a cotton plantation, n relating this to a neighbor, who did not hear the Judge, he exclaimed, “What! four hundred millions of people in the U. S. en joying the blessing of liberty and self gov ernment, and protected by the glorious stars and stripes?* “Whoop,” he said, risingfrom his seat, “won’t wc be a great people then —can beat creation at any thing—let them come, I will risk the “potatoe patch.” There, Mr. Editor, spoke a heart big enough to wish the whole human family might enjoy tho liberty which he possessed himself. M. The Vermont Democracy. At the State convention last week at „ Montpelier, besides the nominations ofMer-1 years and upwards, shall have a right to ritt Clark for governor, SB. Colby for lieu- vot f* he Constitution of Pennsylvania declares tenant governor, and John A. rage for J treasurer, we find that two delegates at | "Every freeman of the age of twenty-one large were appointed to the next national I years, having resided in this State one year, convention—D. A. Smalley, of Burlington, J and in the election district where he offers to and Jefferson P. Kidder; substitutes, Jasper „ , _ ’ _. election, &c., shall enjoy the rights of an Rand and Stephen Thomas. The commit-1 elector.” tee on resolutions reported the following, I The constitution of North Carolinia de- which were adopted unanimously aud with dares that. All freemen of the age of twenty-one great enthusiasm:— Remember that these Resolutions emana-1 ted from a political body existing not in New Hampshire or Pennsylvaninia, where | such language has not been unusual, but in Vermont. In this quarter we have for years past regarded all as lost, and given up to I anti-slavery delusion. Yet even in Vermont there is a remnant of conservatism left.— years, who have been inhabitants of any one county within tho State, twelve months immediately preceding the day of election, &c., shall be entitled to vote.” The Constitution of Indiana declares that, “Every white man of foreign birth, of the age of twenty one years and upwards, who shall have resided in the United States one year, and shall have resided in this State during the six months immediately pre Know Nothing* In Louisiana. Tae American party of Louisiana have nominated Charles Derbigny, a member of the Catholic Church, as candidate for gov ernor. The Platform of the party is sub stantially that of the Philadelphia Conven tion, with the exception of the article relat ing to the Catholics. The Louisiana Know Nothings condemn in most unqualified terms the action ofthc Na tional Council on this subject, and deolare in favor of the largest r eligious liberty. Extraordinary Leap.—As the steamer Alice C. Price was coming out of Cane ri ver on her trip np on Weanesdiy, a horse mackerel leaped from the water and fell on the hurricane deck of the steamer, a dis tance of sixteen feet above the water.. The fish was taken and brought up. Thisis one of the most extraordinary leaps that we have heard of. ^ Jewelry.—A firm of jewellers in this city has recently filled orders to the amount of $10,000, received from the exeoutors of the estate of a gentleman lately deceased in Vermont, who bequeathed $50,000 to be expended in the purchase of various speci fied articles of jewelry, to be distributed aooording to his directions among his rela tives and intimate friends. The gentleman during his whole life had a passion for making presents to his friends, and invaria bly selected jewlery for the purpose.—Boston Post. New Work and Sebastopol. The following is said to be a true state ment of the defences of these two seaports: Sew York. Fort Columbus, Castle William, South Battery, Fort Gibson, Fort Wood, Fort Richmond, Fort Tompkins, Battery Hudson, Battery Morton, Fort LaFayotte, Fort Hamilton, Fort 8chuyler, Total, Guns. 105 78 14 15 77 140 64 50 9 76 118 818 LM4 Sebattopol' Guns. Quarantine Fort, 60 Fort Alexander, 90 Battery of Sebastopol, 40 Fort Nioholas, 200 Fort Paul, 84 Fort Sebastopol, 50 Fort Catharine, 120 Fort Constantine, 112 Battery, 30 Several small batte ries estimated, Total, 100 892 “ We want America ruled by Amer icans," is the slang phrase of Know-Noth ingism. Well, who rules America now ?— The President of the United States is an American; so are all the members of his Cabinet; so were the two hundred and ninety odd members of the last Congress, with two or three exceptions. The Execu tive, Judicial and Legislative departments of the government are under the exclusive direction and control of native born citi zens ! and yet we are are told that the Re public is in immense danger of foreigners in office ! How many adopted citizens hold office under the State Government of Alabama? In Virginia, it turned out, upon inquiry, that the Fish Inspector of Richmond city was the only one. That dignified and re sponsible office is filed by Mark Downy, an Irishman, who, we feel well assured, has no designs against the liberties of the Ameri can people. With a magnanimity worthy of all praise, ho offers to resign his position ! in favor of any Know Nothing Editor who can bring satisfactory testimonials of char acter and qualifications. If there are any foreigners in Alabama holding the office of Inspector of Fish, or of Tar, or of Guano, we hope they will imitate the example of Downy, and give some of our aggrieved patriots of native birth a chance for the spoils.—Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser. New Rail-Road Brake.—A new rail road brake has been tried with complete suc cess upon the Orleans line, and will un doubtedly obtain universal application in France. Tho objection to the ordinary hand-brake is that it requires half-a-dozen turns before taking effect, and that its effi ciency depends upon the watchfulness, vig or and constant attendance of the brake- man. There is no certainty that the six or eight brakemen invariably, immediately and simultaneously bring their forces to bear.— The new instrument is such that the great er the speed aud weight of the train, the greater is its effect. Each car is fitted with one, which has no need of any one to man age it. Upon the tender is an ordinary brake of the old construction, which is put down by the stoker as the engineer turns off the steam. The result is to bring all the cars down upon the engino, with the whole weight of the momentum acquired. They press upon each other, and this pressure the tender resisting powerfully, as its wheels are no longer running, but sliding is suffi cient to put the instrument into play, and the wheels of the whole train are almost im mediately blocked. The stoppage of move ment is prompt without being sudden, and the entire control of the train is entered whete it ought to be, upon the engine. The invention is easily applied, and costs less than the present system. Something of a Falling Off.—We are informed that an intelligent member of the Know Nothing order of this oity, conver sant with election statistics of the State, estimates Andrews’ adherents at the present time at only 26,000 or 27,000. At the time of the Macon Convention, the order, it was stated on good authority, enrolled from 29,000 to 30,000 members, was could be counted on. Putting this with that together, it appears that there has been a falling off of about 2,000 members within the last four weeks. This conclu sion also accords very well with that at which we had already arrived, judging from the numerous withdrawals from the order in every part of the State, and the general odium under which it bad fallen. If these calculations be true, and we be lieve they are not far out of the way, the K. N’s will make a poor showing at the coming elections. Throwing in, for the sake of the argument, 5,000 votes gratis, and allowing Mr. Overby 10,0Q0, all that his most sanguine friends can claim for him, and Johnson would still be elected over both by a handsome majority, and then have vote* to spare.—Savannah Georgian. Amid the reckless hosts of Vermont disu-1 ceding such election, and shall have declar- nionists and fanatics, there may be found e< ^ intention to become a oitizen of the . . , .t ... I United Statee, shall be entitled to vote., men yet, who true to Democratic principles un T ® e Con8ti [ ution of iu ino i 8 declares that, are for the right, m spite of all odds. In I “Every white male inhabitant, of the age New Hampshire we have an organized and 0 f twenty-one years, who may be a resident hopeful band of more than 20,000. In Ohio | of the State at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall have the right of voting. The Constitution of Michigan declares that, “Every white male inhabitant residing in this State on the first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and fifty, who has declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States, pursuant to the laws thereof six months preceding an election, or who has resided in this State two years and six months, and declared his intention aforesaid; and every civilized male inhabi tant of Indian descent, a native of the U ni ted States, and not a member of any tribe, shall be an elector and entitled to vote.” The Constitution of Wisconsin declares that. “Every male white person of the age of twenty-one years who shall have resided in the State for one year, next preceding any election, and who shall have declared their intention to become citizens shall be deemed a qualified elector.” Here, then, are seven States, establish ing in their several Constitutions, systems i j* I of suffrage on the most varied bases ; and Resolved, That we denounce and repudi- . .. * 5aft nft w rifrM nrflaftP ; he su f- the faith is still kept, and even in chusetts, that Paradise of Sam and political roguery, we have one man left who bone and gristle, is for the Constitution. There is not a single Northern State in which the Democarcy have not a party respectable in talent, firmness and zeal. Yet Judge Cone says there is no Democratic party; and ev ery runaway from the ranks that has taken harbor in the K. N. hidingplaces pokes his head out every now and then, and with an awkward sniffle says “he smells something. Resolved, That as the Democratic party has in all periods of trial been faithful to its high mission of guarding and perserving the Union of the States, we have full confi dence in its ability to cheek all illegal ex ercise of authority, and every unwarranta ble construction of theoonstitution, and that in adhering to their time honored tenets is the only safety of the government. There, fore the Democratic party of Veremont is pledged to the principles and organization of the national Democracy. ate all attempts of demagogues and misled philanthropists to form sectional parties, believing tne government cannot be admin istered expressly for one interest or section, but that all have equal rightsh and privileges and equal claims to protection. The con stitution cannot be construed so as to bes tow special favors upon any portion of the confederacy, it being a federal compact, and sustaining ouly federal relations to the sev- in the exercise of the right to prescribe suf frage, conferring it upon whole classes of people, without reference to the Naturaliza tion laws, or any federal legislation what ever. What, then, becomes of the idea, that “Suffrage cannot be exercised with out Naturalization.” But the States have not only exercised the uncontrolled right to confere suffrage, but they have also exercised the right to take it away. In most of the States, paupers, oral States, leaving to the people of each , „„ Sfof« ™ Tho I soldiers in the army, and marines are ex- Vaccination.—The learned world is all aliee. A physician, a man of the world, published about a fortnight ago a book upon a subject which in former times agita ted all Europe. The book is entitled “Mo ral and physical degeneration of the human race in consequence of vaccinationand in it Jenner is accused of having helped to thin off the European family. You may well suppose that such a work will scarcely has unnoticed. Official science has preserved a great dose of admiration for the English doctor who found upon the cow’s dug the specific which now-a-days is administered to every child that is born. On the other hand a certain school of medicine has lately grown up whose object is to rid the world of vaccina tion. According to these men all modern diseases result from innoculaticn with this cow virus—cholera, gastritis, scrofula, more frequent cases of consumption, and above all typhoid fevers. Thus you see the ques tion may bring on every species of discus sion a war of words, and pamphlets in abundance. Our Imperial Academy of Medicine, consisting of the elite of the doc tors, has made the subject an order of the day. Experimental Germany and England, so interested in the quarrel, will both, doubtless, take part in these polemics. Heaven grant the victory may be some great achievement of science, and some new good to humanity.—Paris Correspondent of the Independent Beige. The Case of Passmore 'Williamson. The Tribune gives the following reason for the ageney of Mr. Williamson in the ab duction of Mr. Wheeler’s slaves: “There oxists in Philadelphia at the pre sent time an institution chartered by the State, known as the Pennsylvania society, which announces for its object the “aboli tion of slavery, and the relief of free peo ple of color held illegally in bondage.”— This society received its charter in 1787, and its first and second presidents were Benjamin Franklin and Dr. Rush. Since the time when it was first established, the members of this society have been constant workers in the cause of humanity, and its officers have always taken an active part in aiding the progress of emancipation. Now as the secretary of that society, Mr. Will iamson received a note, informing him of the illegal detention of certain persons by a man claiming to be their master, and ask ing him—always in his official capacity—to lend his assistance in rescuing them from bondage. His compliance with this request therefore, was not only in accordance with the best instincts of his nature, but it be came an imperative duty consequent upon his official position in the society, which he was bound in honor to fulfil.” Need we again say that this is not the point at issue. It is charged, and apparent ly proved, that Mr, Williamson was a par ty to the forcible abduction of the slaves, which, it is claimed, is wrong. And he re fuses, when the law proposes to examine the the justice of the allegation, to comply with its requisitions. His officicial connec tion with the society could not make it his “imperative duty” to defy the law ; and by the Tribune’s o^vn showing, the society in question did not contemplate the employ ment of force and the defiance of the law.— Let the case be fairly stated.—N. Y. Com. Adv. Orestes A. Brown son. Dr. Brownson has acquired rather a pecu liar notoriety since the agitation of the Catholic question has commenced in the United States. A Catholic himself, he now the decided favorite of the party op posed to his religion. We would suggest to our Know Nothing friends the propriety of adopting some measures to protect the life and health of such an invaluable ally.— - But, more seriously, we think great unfair ness has been exercised by our opponents in the use of this man’s opinions to attack the Catholic religion; for, in the first place, Mr. Orestes A. .Brownson is no Priest, as has been often alleged, and therefore, no more authorized to expound the tenets of the Catholic faith, than any other lay mem ber. It has also been falsely charged that his published opinions havo all received the endorsement of the Bishops of his Church On this subject, we will let the gentleman speak for himself. On page 280, in April number, 1855, of his Review, Mr. Brown State or territory, the exclusive right to in stitute and regulate their own internal af fairs. Resolved, That Franklin Pierce in his administration has thus far been eminently eluded. Can anything be clearer than the proposition we advance ? By reference to the Constitutions above cited, it will also be seen how absurd is the successful, his acts having all been conform- second clause ofthe K - platform on this ed strictly to the constitution he has solemn- .liSfV' ,, .. i„„- I, sworn to support, giving us mcreraed con-1 of * he re - o support, giving fidence in his ability ana patriotism—and that by his stern resistance to all schemes of treasury robbing, by his vetoes of uncon stitutional and prodigal measures, by his judicious management of our foreign rela tions, he has commended himself to the in telligent and frugal citizens of Vermont. Resolved, In tne language of the praam ble of the constitution of Vermont, “That all men have a natural and inalienable right to worship Almighty God according to the dictates of their owp conscience ana under standings, as in their opinion shall be regu lated the word of God; and that no man ought to, or of right can, be compelled to attend any religious worship, or eraot or support any place of worship, or maintain any minister, contrary to the dictates of his conscience; nor can any man be justly deprived or abridged of any civil right as a oitizen on account of his religions senti ments, or peculiar mode of religious wor ship ; and that no authority can or ought to be vested in or assumed by any power whatever, that shall, in any case interfere with, or in any manner control the rights of conscience in the free exercise of religious worship.” And the party called Know Nothings by their oath-bound secrecy, their republican and denationalixing principles, show themselves hostile to every established principle of republicanism, and totally un worthy the confidence or support of go,id citizens. Now, that religious toleration and equality of citizenship—the fundamental principles of free government—are sought to be repudiated by the so-called whig and abolition parties, the democracy of this state put forth their excellent candidates with this platform of principles, inviting to their standard all men agreeing with them, re gardless of former party affinities. JshBMR Sleeted. We have returns, as received from the Chattanooga Advertiser, from 52 oounties whioh show large grins for Johnson.— From passengers we learn that all but nine counties have been heard from, and that Johnson has gained 890 over his old vote. Tho State will probably go Demo cratic by over 3000. The Legislature, and a majority of the members of Congress, will be Denoentie. spective States, of all State laws, allowing foreigners not naturalized to vote.” As we before stated, they are not State laws, but State Constitutions, and repeals, by the Legislatures of the States, are whol ly inapplicable. What then, can the K. N. party effect for these States ? It may modi fy or repeal the naturalization laws; but it has then to turn round and make war upon all their Constitutions, before it can effect its professed chief object. Repeal the natu ralization laws, and the foreigner in these States wonld exercise still, the right of suf frage. And to amend the Constitutions, what a hopeless task, controlled as many of them are Dy the foreign vote! Heretofore all National parties have aris en upon powers of a National character, un der tne Constitution of the United States.— Alien and sedition laws, banks, tariffs, for eign wars, all turn upon powers de'egated to the General Governmet, or upon the poli cy which should control it. But here is a matter of State authority, of State interest, absolutely and exclusively State—and a na tional party is set up to regulate it. Mass achusetts, New York and Ohio, are brought into consultation and co-operation to dictate the policy of South Carolina with respect to her voters, and the people within her bor ders. What is it but a new phase of consol idation? TTe- r i ItS' Ught only to con trol the Genera v<. nment. Now it en ters the States, .< id form-* a grand scheme to subject them to central National authori ty* Suffrage. We have transferred to-day to our col umns another able editorial from the Charleston Mercury, on the question of Suf frage, to whioh we invite the attention of oar readers. The New Jersey Know-Nothing State Council.—The State Council of Know- Nothings met at Trenton on Wednesday, one handled and fifty members being pres ent. J. H. Lyon presided. After a lengthy discussion, resolutions were adopted, pro testing against the twelfth section (slavery) of the Philadelphia platform, as not being a part of American principles. They also protested against the repeal of the Missouri Reinforcements for the Crimea.—Tho Liverpool Times of the 7th ulfc., says that according to present arrangements upwards of 13,000 troops of all arms would proceed to join the army in the Crimea before the 20th of July—viz: Guards, 750 men Royal Artillery, 800 men, (this number will include a troop of Horse Artillery;) Cavalry, two regiments, 1,400 men; drafts from depots, 400 men ; Infantry, five regi ments from England, 6,000 men; four regi ments from the Mediterranean, 4.800 men drafts from depots in England, 2,000 men ; and drafts from tho reserve at Malta, 2,000 men. In addition, two companies of the Royal Sappers and Miners, mustering 240 men, and about 500 of the new Army Works Corps will be ready to embark about that time. Agricultural Professorship.—It is sta ted that the beard of visitors at the Univer sity of Virginia, havo signified to the com mittee of the agricultural society of that State, their willingness to enter into an en dowment of an agricultural professorship at the University. Preacher Run Mad. A Reverend W. H. Holcombe, a candi date for the Legislature in Mississippi, said on the stump the other day, after a most vi olent diatribe against the Catholios, that “ he would as soon preach to a jackass as an Irishman.” Ex-Governor Matthews, in re ply to the Reverend gentleman, asked him : “ Has not an Irishman a soul ? Did not your Heavenly Master say, ‘ Go ye into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature ?’ ” This and similar facts show very clearly that, whatever may be the effect of the dis cussions and elections of the day on politi cal parties, the cause of religion will come out of the contest with soiled garments.— Its professors and teachers have dragged it into the dirty arena of party polities, and can any true Christian expect it to oome forth undefiled ? To the man who has the welfare of his Father’s kingdom at heart, the question is “ food for reflection.”—Mont gomery Advertiser. Know Hothlnglam In New Jerssy. The Know Nothing State Council of New Jersey, met on the 1st inst. They repudia ted the 12th section of the Philadelphia platform upon the subject of slavery, by a vote of 109 to 31. Thus, day by day, grows ‘ ‘beautifully less,” the list of Northern States, which we were so confidently told, were to rally to the support of the National Ameri* oan party- son says : “We notice with pain a disposition among our Know Nothing writers to hold the Bish ops whose names are on the oover of our Review, responsiple for whatever sentiment or doctrino is found in our pages. This ie wrong. The Bishops have kindly encour aged the publication of our Review, having confidence in our loyal intentions, and be lieving it, upon the whole, useful to the cause of truth; but they endorse no senti ment or doctrine we advance. The whole responsibility rests upon the editor alone, and no Bishop is responsible for anything that appears m our pages, and every one ie just as free to controvert or condemn any thing in our pages a- he would were his name not on the cover. We beg our op ponents to bear this in mind, aud to remem ber our Review does uot, in any sense what ever, speak by authority of the American hierarchy, and has no other endorser but its lay editor, who is free to write aud pub lish, simply holding himself responsible to the proper authorities, what he pleases.— The merit or the blame, if either, in all cases belongs to him, and the public can not justly hold anybody else in any way responsible.” Upon another ground, we protest against the testimony of Mr. Orestes A. Brownson being received in this case—incapacity of the witness—the man is crazy—mania Ute ris. Whoever will carefully i*ead any con tinued article from this gentleman’s pen can possibly arrive at no other conclusion Before we had seen the extract copied above, in which the endorsement of the Bishop is disclaimed, we well knew that the thing was impossible. To endorse Mr. Brownson, the Bishop must have understood him, which we believe the Bishop, or any other mortal man is wholly incapable of do ing. In fact, Mr. Brownson has, in several instances, ingenuously acknowledged that he did not understand himself. Biownson’s theory of the church, which has been so much used against theCatholics, was held by that gentleman, long before he became a member of the Catholic Church. He has, at different times, we believe, been a member of all Churches, and there is now strong hopes of his joining the Mor- mans. After the defeat of Mr. Van Buren in 1840 and the triumph of the Whig principles which he—a rigid Democrat had believed unconstitutional,—Mr. Brownson, disgus ted with the turn affairs had taken, set himself to work upon a groat theory of gov ernment,Tthe only part of which, that is in the least understood, was that the Con stitution of the United States was founded in divine right and could not therefore un der any circumstances be resisted, except by the authority of God, its founder. The voice of God in this case was to be found in the Church. The Church was the “public conscience—that is to say, the sense of right expressed in what we realize as the highest and most saored thing among us,—and this by whatever name it goes is our Church, our Divine institution. This it is, whether it be called the pulpit, the press, or lyceum.” Hera Mr. Brownson became irrevocably lost —his readers were partly disgusted, partly indignant, bat the better part amused. His theory of government probably never receiv ed a single supporter. He quit the Demo cratic Review, joined the Catholic Church aud commenced a publication of his own, in whioh he has constantly hammered away at the Divine idea, without producing the least sensation or attracting attention until the breaking out of the Know Noth ing war, since when his writings have been used, as the highest authority, against his Church. We hope that Dr. Brownson’s dis claimer of the Church's authority will sat isfy all persons upon this subject, and that the Dootor may continue his theory unin terrupted and unnoticed as before. The opinion of the Catholio Church upon the subjects Mr. Brownson treats of, we have received from the able and authoritative writings of numerous divines. These have all utterly disclaimed his teachings, and have denied in unequivocal terms the Pope’s temporal authority, the right of absolution of obligations, and other charges brought against their Churoh. This is surely enough to satisfy any candid and impartial mind, and wo disclaim against it as great unfair ness upon the part of our opponents, to ig nore the opinions of those who have a right to give them, and resort to the contemptable teachings of a wild visionary. Dr. Brown- son’s theory depends entirely upon the doc trine of Divine right, which has certainly been rejected within the past century by al most every Catholio country in Christen dom. The Americas Discipline. A new paper, devoted to the interests of the American party has been commenced in this city, the second number of which was issued yesterday. The Discipline is a neat ly printed and well-edited sheet, and will doubtless receive a liberal patronage. A. M. Eddleman, Publisher. Published every Wednesday mornisf. m Awffall Madam Roland said, as she bared neck for the guillotino: “ O, liberty! horrors are perpetrated in thy j,. One of the professors of the Know-Nothin' party, at Philadelphia, in the moat pompe^ manner, declares the mission of that tart- to be to “ encourage an intense American feeling.” Read, Georgians, what we gi Te below from the latest Louisville papers of the terrors of tho election held in that cit last Monday. Great God! have we coa ^ to this already, and oar nationality not one hundred years old ? Over and oftej have we warned our people that the sueeew of Know-Nothingism was civil war. % offer them here a terrible proof of the a*, sertion. Think of what we too are towitnese here when this sort of “intense American ing” has maddened the brains of Georgian and overwhelmed the sober, thinking « eno f the country. We entreat the religious men the moral men, the fathers of our land to pause and ask themselves if this new rgg e and fury that have seized upon our people have not their origin in the inherent vicioij ness of Know Nothiugism. When was the like ever before witnessed in this countrv and we blush to ask, when ever before in the South. But it must end in this, if it does not be gin with it, and let us harden our hearts for the horrors that are in store for us, if we are determined to follow men with diegrace and proscription, because their faith is uot our religion, and their native laud the soil we dominate over. God help ue, such a blood; record as this of the lawnessneee and crime of a Southean city robs us of the pride of our triumphs in the elections of this week for we feel that disgraces have been fas tened on the honor of the South that caa never be effaced in all time to come. Louisville, Aug. 6, noon.—K. N. ticket ahead in the city at noon, 1,000 votes. Preston will certainly be defeated. Several polls have been taken by the K. N’s, and several fights taken place. Louisville, Aug. 6, P. M.—Two houses have been attacked and set ou fire in the Southern part of the city. A brewer; burnt, and many houses gutted in the up per part of the city. Eight or nine are said to be killed and many wounded. Marshall's majority in the city is about 1,500. Re ports don’t come from the city on account Of the excitement. A large fire is now raging down town. A cannon was taken up town, but not used. Two men have been hung by the mob. Louisville, Aug. 7, 11 o’clock, A. M.-~ There is a large crowd of angry looking men at tho court house.'* The excitement £ intense. Three charred bodiee are exposed at the courthouse. Bishop Spaulding received a message from a friend, apprising him of a meditated attack upon the church, whereupon all the valuables were removed. Jesse Hughes was killed by the discharge of a pistol in his own pocket. An Irishman shot an American this morn ing, and was followed into a bookstore and beheaded. A crowd has new congregated upon the corner of 5th and Main streets, where speeches of an exciting character are being made. The Irish on the wharf will doubtlese be assaulted. Louisville, Aug. 7,—1 f. m. —We learn from Deputy Marshall Kirkpatrick, that two men at the Hospital died last night. Two more out of tho five taken there will die—one died in Jail. Seven Know-Noth ings and twelve to fifteen foreigners are dead. Twenty foreigners and ten K. N’e in Jail. Only one man killed to day. We have seventy men in the Court House rea dy to assist in any emergenoy under Capt. Rossean. The police have the assendency, and hope to prevent further diaturbanoee.- The crowd moves from point to point, at tracted by cries of “fight,” and seem to have no settled object, Disgusting. “ If our Church is to live it must be in America. Governments and States are tot tering here. Everything is uncertain, in other year and a revolution may have steep! all away. My good Archbishop, I look to you for the future. Spread Romanism in Am- ica. Crush out Republicanism. The Church may before a month flee to your shores /” The above, which purports to be au ei- tractfrom a letter of Pope Pius IX. to Arch bishop Hughes, we find going the rounds of the know-nothingpapers. Of ali the forgeries and garbled extracts which these papers have heralded to the world, the above we believe to be the most flagrant, and for this reason the most harmless. Will any man of ordi nary sense believe that the Pope ever wrote such a letter ? Will any but a fool—a very idiot—believe, that, if written, the Arch bishop would ever have exposed it. The very absurdity of the request, calling upon a single individual to “crush out Republicanism ” proves conclusively the purpose and the source from whence it em anated. The means by which Know-Noth ingism hopes to succeed is in perfect accor dance with the ends proposed. South Carolina Democracy, A complimentary dinner was given at An derson C. H., South Carolina, on Wednee- day, to Col. Orr, the efficient and faithful Representative in Congress. In his speech on the occasion, says the Press, (Abbeville) he opposed the idea of a Southern sectional party, maintained cohesion with the North ern Democrats, spoke of the Georgia plat form as the proper basis for Southern ac tion, and denounced the K. N. party. Col. P. S. Brooks, a brother Congressman and politician, followed him and endorsed hie views. The following toast was received with rapturous applause: • l Hon. Stephen A. Douglas.—The Cal houn of the West; a statesman who in ni devotion to the Constitution knows ®° “ 0I " —no South—no Eeast—no West. May n attain the next Presidency.” Tennessee Election. From the Republican Banner, a ii- -' sheet, of Aug. 7, we have reports from 8 Tennessee election which indicate with cer tainty the re-election of Gov. Johnson y about 2,000 majority. 64 oounties have been heard from, in whioh Gentry has g»i® ed over Henry's vote 353. From pnv» sourees we learn that all but two counties have been heard from, and that Johnson will gain on his last vote. North Carolina Election. A despatch from Raleigh, N. C., August 6th, states that six Democrats been elected to Congress and two Nothings, from North Carolina. Cotton Statistics.—The N. 0. says the largest cotton crop was that o 52-53, which amounted to 3,262,882 W* The latest report at hand gives the » as the estimated produce ofthe various tries named for one one year: ^ 4^2500 about 275,000 75,000 87,500 India Rest of Asia Brazil Rest S. America and Mexico Egypt Beet of Africa West Indies . Other oauntries __ Total The average crop of the United the last ton years has been about 2,50^ bales, and it would therefore, be bounds to assert that the United . sKiswwMWriS