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PUBLISHED 1 -r T/ ~, T T
TWICE A MONTH. I V UL. !.
ATLANTA, GA
., MAY 15, 1882.
No. 14.
Crossing a Ferry In Java.
In size and population, Java corresponds
very nearly with the State of Pensylvania.
Its area is somewhat larger, being about
50,000square miles; its population nearly
the same, the best estimate giving it up
wards of four millions of people. But here
the likeness ends. In place of the rigorous
climate, stirring activity and enterprise, and
intense industrial energy which belong*to
our northern regions, we find the luxury
•and languor of the torrid zone, the hot,
moist atmosphere of a tropical island, a fer
tile soil and an indolent race. There is a
thriving commerce, indeed, by which the
covered and the stream arched overhead by
a thick growth of trees and vegetation Just
os it approaches Bandong, its course sud
denly widens, forming a considerable lake,
and through this the traveler must pass in
order to continue his journey. Doubtless
at some future day, when the trade and pop
ulation of the island have sufficiently in
creased, and European or American enter
prise has fully supplanted native indiffer
ence and love of ease, a bridge of the most
approved material and construction will
span the Tjataroem at this point, marring
the scenery from an artist’s view, but great
ly expediting the traffic by this important
route.
two combined have produced a hundred
dollars. To build up the country, then, it
is not only necessary to have the farmer,
but the mechanic, machinist, and manufac
turer also.
“The possible productiveness of a country
is only reached when the raw material of
every character is subjected to the manufac
turer. That country is not prospering as it
should which sends off all its cotton, wool,
and hides to be manufactured in other States,
and lets itsown timber rot in the forest while
it sends abroad for furniture, wagons, bug
gies, plow-stocks and axe-handlet.
“Towns belong to the country, and add
more or less to the building up of tho coun-
greatest possible value may be produced,
and the country bo built up and grow
wealthy.”
Antiquity of tile .Square.
Among some tools found in a temple at
Thebes was a square, which is the most satis
factory evidence we have of the early use of
this instrument. From marks upon it, it
has been estimated to have been nearly
thirty-five centuries ago. Since the arts in
Egypt at that time were at the height of
their development, the square must have
been known for some time previous, and
therefore it is believed that the use of the
FERRY ON THE RIVER TJATAROEM, ISLAND OF JAVA.
Dutch have made tbeirlpossession of the
island profitable. Tbeir capital, Batavia,
is an opulent city, exporting the products
of the island: not only coffee, but also tea,
tobacco, rice, sugar and spices—the staple
crops of the East Indian Archipelago.
A graphic illustration of‘Javanese life and
scenery is given in our engraving, which
represents a ferry boat on the river Tjata-
roem, between Tjipanas and Bandong. The
Tjataroem is a rapid stream of water flow
ing through a portion of the Javanese prov
ince of Freangs. Its course for a long dts-
tftncei; narrow, It tanlu being completely
Diversity or Calling Essential.
The Corinth (Miss.) Herald answers the
question, “What builds up the country ?”
by saying: __
“Producers of wealth build up the coun
try. The tillers of the soil add the results
of their labor to the public, as well as to
their individual wealth. And the manu
facturer who takes the raw material, and by
working upon it, increases its value, is a pro
ducer of just so much wealth. If a farmer
by producing a bale of cotton adds fifty
dollars to the publio wealth, the one that
mamifMtymtt flo^les its wtf tb«
try. But the merchant, alone can’t build
up a town. Town and country are both in
terested in the establishment of factories',
both aro benefited by the increased produc
tion as well as the conveniences.
“The country can’t succeed with all its
people farmers, nor a town with its whole
population merchants. Diversity of calling
is essential; one is dependent on the other,
and each derives a support from the others.
There is no need of encouraging men to be
come merchants; the demand is always sup
plied, But encouragement is needed to get
our p9oj>le Intq HwwtfoQtyTlng, the
square dates back not less than four thou
sand years. The square known to the an
cients, and the tool with which they accom
plished wonders of construction and calcu
lation, was not by any means the square of
the present day. This instrument as now
employed, with blade and tongue and heel
and the graduated lines which appear upon
Its surface, is an invention known only
within a comparatively short time. The
square, as an instrument, has been brought
to its present state of perfection within a
very few years. The square R lWP«rtWlt
MwQ^.o^bJeflfo