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THE SOUTHERN WORLD, JULY 1, 1882. 7 begin for this purpose where I left off for the Tints; Predictions for January 1882, District 4, Chicago, (111.) station. (1) 1st to 6th, intense cold, snow. (2) 7th to 14th, warmer, variable, snow. (3) 15th to 20th, very cold, snow. (4) 21st to 23rd, cold, snow, fair. (5) 24th to 26th, fair, cold. (6) 27th to 31st, warmer, cloud^y. Note—In the northern districts snow storms about 1st to 9th, 10th to 13th, and 26th to 31st. As reported by Signal Service for January 1882. Temperature and character of days for each interval. (1) Lowest mean, 20°; highest mean, 30°; days cloudy 3, fair 2, clear 1, snow 4. (2) Lowest mean, 25°; highest mean, 40°; days fair 5, clear 2, cloudy 1, snow 5. (3) Lowest mean, 17°; highest mean, 33°; days cloudy 2, fair 3, clear 1 snow 3. (4) Lowest mean, 17°; highest mean, 32°; days cloudy 2, fair '2, clear 1, snow 3. (5) Lowest mean, 28°; highest mean, 45°; days fair 3, snow or rain 2. (6) Lowest mean 18°; highest mean, 35°; days fair 2, clear 4. Snows 1st to 10th, 12th to 13th, 25th to 26th. The only interval that appears to have the element of failure about it, is the 6th, but it was really approximate as the report shows the 25th and 26th to have been the warmest of the month, just preceding it, and also the greatest amount of rain-fall in these two days excepting interval from 8th to 10th. As the weather ranges vary every year according to the variation of lu nar declination and planetary and other disturbance, it was only claimed that a large per cent would be verified at the sta tion, but upon the whole, the predictions would as they became understood, meet the wants of the farmers and others interested in the district. Predictions for January 1882. District 5, Bismark, Dakota Territory. (1) 1st to 6th, intense cold, snow. (2) 7th to 14tli, cold, snow, variable, (3) 15th to 20 th, in tense cold, variable. (4) 19th to 23rd, cold. (5) 24th to 26th, cloudy. (6) 27th to 31st, warmer, variable. Note—In extreme Northwest, snow storms about 1st to 5th, 9th to 12th, 20th to 22nd, 15th to 31st. As reported by Signal Service for Jan uary 1882. Temperature and character of days for each interval. (1) Lowest mean 8°; highest mean 27°; days fair 6, snow 2. (2) Lowest mean 0°; highest mean 29°; days fair 3, clear 4, cloudy 1, snow 4. (3) Lowest mean 3°; highest mean 25°; days fair 5, cloudy 1, snow 1. (4) Lowest mean 3°; highest mean 20°; days fair 3, cloudy 1, clear 1, snow 1. (6) Lowest mean 0°; highest mean 19°; days cloudy 1, clear 2, snow 1, (cloudy 23rd) (0) Lowest mean 7°; highest mean 20°; days fair 2, clear 3, snow 1. The last two days of (6) were the warmest of eleven days in succession, and the last day gave the greatest maximum temperature of any day for the month except two others. It is granted that the interval missed at the station, but the daily report shows that the temperature at the station was approx imating the prediction. Another fact to be noticed here is, that the 24th to 20th was given as prevailing cloudy, yet in the re port wo have but one cloudy day given for the three. But the 23rd is given in the re port as cloudy—the two cloudy days run ning together. Snow 3rd to 5th, 8th to 12th, 20th to 23rd, 24th and 27th. Predictions for January 1882. District 5, Omaha, Nebraska. (1) 1st to 0th, cold, variable. (2) 7th to 14th, cold, fair or clear. (3) 15tl» to 20th, intense cold. (4) 19th to 23rd, warmer, fair or clear. (5) 24th to 20th, cloudy, warmer. (0) 27th to 31st, variable, colder. See note under Bismark. As reported by Signal Service for Jan uary 1882. Temperature and character of days for each interval. (1) Lowest mean 20°; highest mean 31°; days cloudy 3, fair 3, snow 3. (2) Lowest mean 22°; highest mean 30°; days fair 1, clear 5, cloudy 2, rain 5, snow 3. (3) Lowest mean 13°; highest mean 30°; days fair 3, clear 3, snow 2. (4) Lowest mean 16°; highest mean 34°; days clear 3, fair 1, cloudy 1. (5) Lowest mean 27°; highest mean 42; days cloudy 2, fair l,snow or rain 2, (cloudy 23rd.) (6) Lowest mean 14°; highest mean 33°; days clear 4, cloudy 1. Snow 3rd to 6th, 7th, 10th to 13th, 24tb, 26th and 30th. The mean temperatures are taken from the sum of maximum and minimum tem peratures of the whole interval in this method of comparison. I submit this to your readers, not that I hope for the encour agement you speak of. I really expect to render the service of these labors without encmiragement from any source, as I have been doing for several years in Alabama to the great benefit of the farming interest here—unless one finds his encouragement in the acknowledged benefits he confers on his fellows. In this I may yet receive my encouragement. Geo. R. Catheb. A8hville, Ala. Southeru Pines. The study of the actual condition of our forests indicates important commercial changes which may be expected to grow out of the changing conditions of the lumber trade. New Orleans seems destined at no distant day to become one of the greatest lumber distributing and manufacturing cen ters of the world. Its position with refer ence to vast forests, its commercial impor tance, and the ease with which logs may reach it by river and lake, point to this con clusion. A great deal of Northern capital has been invested during the last few months in Southern timber land, and the number of persons seeking such investments is increas ing. The best informed northern lumber men realize at least that the time has come when they must seek new fields for their operations or abandon the business entirely. These men are getting ready to move their mills, capital and energy into the South; and their attention is naturally directed to the Gulf States. The outlook for new in vestments of this sort in South Atlantic States is not favorable. The four Atlantic pine States, including the whole of Florida, contains less than twenty-four billion feet of pine. The most accessible timber, situ ated along the streams and railroads, has al ready been removed, and much of the re mainder has been injured in the manufac ture of turpentine. Alabama and Missis sippi contain greater bodies of pine, but in the three pine States west of the Mississippi, pine forests in which the sound of the log ger’s ax has never been heard extend over tens of thousands of square miles. Here during the next twenty-five years will be seen, we believe, the great lumbering op erations of the continent—if, indeed, those forests can supply during twenty-five years the demands which will probably be made upon them. It is not easy to foresee how great these demands will be. The popula tion of an enormous territory must procure its building materials from these trans- Mississippi pineries. Fjom the Brazos to the Sierra Nevada of California, except on the high and usually inaccessible mountain range of the Southern Rocky Mountain re gion, a tree fit to saw into boards does not grow. The northern Mexican plateau is des titute of valuable forests and must depend, with growing prosperity, upon the United States for its lumber. West of £1 Paso the country will be supplied from the Pacific coast; east of El Paso, that is all of Texas and the provinces of northeastern Mexico, must draw its lumber from the pine forests immediately west of the Mississippi river. It is needless to point out how rapidly west ern Texas is now becoming settled, or esti mate oven the growing demand made upon these particular forests. Their position with reference to a treeless, although rich agricul tural and grazing region, ensures theirentire destruction at no very distant day. The demand for Southern pine for Nor thern consumption and export is rapidly increasing also, and the country must not make the mistake which it made first In re gard to the pine rupply of Maine, and then in regard to the pine supply of Pennsylvania and Michigan, and which the Californians are now making in regard to their redwood, and conclude that, because the Southern States contain vast quantities of pine, the supply will last forever. No forest is inex haustible if nothing is done to protect or perpetuate it. The recklessness which has marked the management of forest property at the North has not been wanting in the South. The Southern pine forests, as it stands to-day, is mature throughout, and ready for the ax. No young trees are com ing up to take the place of those which have reached their prime. The custom first insti. tuted by the Indians, it is said has long pre vailed in the South, of carefully burning every spring the whole territory occupied by the pine forest to improve the poor and scanty grazing the foresta afford. A more ingenious system for destroying the perma nent value of a forest could not have been devised.—New York Nation. Wheat Culture Progressive. In his address before the East Tennessee Farmers’ Convention, Hon. John M. Meek said, that after selecting the variety of wheat, the next great point was cleansing the seed thoroughly from trash and small grains, and only the largest, plumpest grains sown. The ground should either be harrowed or rolled before sowing in order to give a uniform depth of covering and distribution of seeds. As to the quantity to be sown to the acre, reference is made to the experiments of Prof. J. M. McBryde, given in the annual report of work on the Agricultural College farm for the year 1881. These experiments were made with special reference to the quantity of seed necessary to the acre, and are very valuable in determining this question. My own practice has been to sow from four to five pecks to the acre. Having determined these points we are now ready to put the seed in the ground. From now on our work is to protect the crop by a rigid exclusion of all kind of stock, and a patient waiting for the harvest which will come in due time according to promise. If we have observed and faithfully per formed all the work indicated, we may reasonably expect a generous yield running up to the maximum. Indeed my own be lief is, that with such intelligent labor we may nine years out of ten, certainly realize a maximum yield per aero of 15 to 25 bushels. And if the average yield in Ten nessee were brought up to fifteen bushels per acre, the aggregate yield of the State would reach the enormous figures of twenty- seven and one half million bushels. There is no reason why this result may not be at tained by intelligent persistent effoTt in the next five years. This would give our people a surplus of twenty millions of bushels of wheat, which at one dollar per bushel would put into the pockets of farmers the snug sum of $20,000,000. The work previ ously indicated is applicable largely to uplands and thoroughly drained river lands. Too much moisture is sudden death to the wheat plant. There are thousands of acres of river lands in the State which for lack of proper drainage are devoted entirely to the production of corn. These lands if thoroughly and permanently drained, might be made to produce from 25 to 40 bushels of wheat per acre. This would help swell the aggregate as well as the average yield in the State. It has been said and truthfully I believe by a former president of of this Convention, Capt. J. A. Turley, that hog farming is not progressive farming; with this I heartily concur. Wheat farming is progressive be cause it necessitates the cultivation of the grasses and the growing of horses, cattle, sheep, etc. This kind of farming is near to nature's heart, because nature is allowed and invoked to do her legitimate work in the spontaneous growth of food for the kinds of stock named above, upon which they will grow fat and enrich their owners, without the weary plodding after the plow required in the cutlvation of corn, and hogs. Let us not be misunderstood as to the pro duction of the grand cereal, corn, for it stands at the head of the list in value of the food producing cereals. But it is a fearfully exhaustive crop on land. The in ference is that wheat culture to be successful necessitates the culture of the grasses, and this includes the raising of horses, cattle and sheep, and this promotes the renewed fer tility of the land, and lands with this culti vation rapidly improve in productive ca pacity, and thus the yield of corn per acre may be doubled, and a less number of acres required in the cultivation of corn and as a final result, less following of the plow. To my brother farmers let me address my self in sufficient length to suggest the Importance and absolute necessity of ac quiring the knowledge necessary to Intelli gently handle your farms in order to bring up their productive capacity to its highest point. In this way only will we be able to beautify our homes and render them attrac tive to our sons and daughters. In this way we may retain the boys on the farm, and make progressive farmers of them and intelligent farmers will make themselves felt in the councils of the government, both na tional and state. A thin coat of varnish applied to straw matting will cause it to last much longer. An Alabama Arcadia. Editor Southern World.—Having seen nothing in your valuable journal from this county, Tallapoosa, Ala., and being satis fied in my own mind that it is one of the most important counties in Alabama, and is destined in the near future to lot its im portance be known, I have concluded to write a few lines in reference to its impor tance, both as to its agricultural and manu facturing capacities. And first of all it is unsurpassed in point of healthfulness; the land moderately fertile and well adapted to wheat, oats, corn and cotton. Its farming interest is increasing every year. The peo ple arc giving more attention to raising their own supplies at home. The small grain crop this year is immense. The people are social, intelligent and refined as a general thing; none very rich and none very poor, they are a medium class and the people as a whole have a vast deal more comforts, convenien ces and luxuries than they had before the war. We have mostly a white population who know how to work and are willing to do it. But few soft white bands and idlo brains, but with tawny face and horny hands they go and till the land, plow all day long beneath a burning sun. There is however, a few loafers round the little towns in the county, but-1 suppose that is common in all counties. We huve prohibi tion in name but not in fact in this county, hence, drug stores are becoming very com mon, and I believe everybody that wants whiskey gets It, but the county gets no rev enue from its sale; it ought to be guarded as strictly by the law as arsenic or strychnine and the doctor that sells it should swear everybody that presents his certificate. I am in favor of abolishing it in its entirety from the State and the United States. The world can and ought to do without whisky; it is the blackest blot on creation at this present time. This county might be mode one of the most successful manufacturing sections in the State or perhaps the world. We have the shoals and the falls and the water power right here in this county suffi cient to turn the spindles and drive the looms to manufacture all the cotton raised in the Southern states. The great wonder is that capitalists have not sought this sec tion of country to invest their hoarded mil lions, for to my mind there is not another so inviting a field for safe and successful invest ment of money under the sun. Hear this oh, ye Colquitt's, and Gordons, and others like them of money and public spirit and enterprise; ye Wall street money brokers that cannot find an outlet for your money send it right along down here to Tallapoosa county and begin to build factories to spin our cotton for we are tired of paying so much to ship it to England and the manu facturing marts of the world, then paying the expenses back on the goods. By this means you can do good with your money and make millions more. It would give permanent employment to many that need it, and give us a market right here in Talla- poosa for our cotton and all our surplus wheat and corn, beef and pork, and make this the joy of all lands. Such will surely be the good fortune of this county. Atsomo future day old Tallapoosa wilt blossom as the rose. So mote it be. J. N. Dupree. Tallapoosa County, Alabama. I'rasty Board or Immigration. Office or Commissioner of Immigration and Auriculture, State of Mississippi, Jackson, Missisippi, June 30, 18.82 Editor Southern World—From the en closed circular you will perceive it is niado the duty of the Commissioner of Immigra tion and Agriculture " to authorize the or ganization of Auxiliary Boards in such counties as may desire them.” Will you be so kind as to present this matter to the people of our State through your widely circulated paper? In a few weeks the pamphlets and maps ordered by an act of the Legislature will be ready for distribution. The Deputy Com missioner will then take a trip through the Western, Northern and Southern Atlantic States, for the purpose of making the vast resources and advantages of our State known and to induce a good class of immigrants to purchase lands and settle in Mississippi. To do this, effectually, it is necessary to have a list and description of the lands for sale in each county, with the price of the same, so that the purchaser can be put in direct com munication with the land seller. Blanks for the description and price of lands will be furnished to each county upon application to tliisofflce, or to the Deputy Commissioner. E. G. Wall, Commissioner.