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H&aterom Wiff HY JOHN O. WHITTIER. She was a beautiful girl, when 1 first saw her. She was standing up at the side of her lover, at the marriage altar. She was slightly pale—yet, ev er and anon, as the ceremony proceed ed, a faint tinge of crimson crossed her beautiful cheek, like the reflections of a sunset cloud upon the clear Waters of a quiet lake. Her lover, as he Clasped her hand within his own, gazed on her fora few moments with tmmingled ad miration, and the warm, eloquent blood shadowed at intervals his manly •forehead, and “ melted into beauty on ‘his lips.” And they gave themselves to one another in the presence of Heaven, and every heart blessed them, as they went their way rejoicing in their love! Years passed on, and I again saw those two toVefS. tlrey were seated together where the light df sunset stole though the half-closed and crim son curtain, lending a richer tint to the delicate carpeting and the exquis ite embellishment of the rich and geor geous apartment. Time had slightly changed them in outward appearance. The girlish buoyancy of the one had, indeed, given place to the greater per fection of womanhood, and her lips were somewhat paler, and a faint line of care was slightly perceptible upon her brow. Her husband’s brow, too, was marked somewhat more deeply than his age might warrant; anxiety, ambition, and pride had grown over it, and left the traces upon it; a silver hue was mingled with the dark of his hair, which had become thin around his temples almost to bal'dnCs*. lie was reclining oiron ottoman with his face half hidden by his hand, as if he feard that the dread and troubled thoughts which opposed him were vis ible upon his features. Edward, you are ill to night,” said his wife in a low, sweet, half inquiring voice, as she laid her hand upon his own. Indifference from those we love, is terrible to the sensitive bosom. It is as if the sun of Heaven refused its won ted cheerfulness, and glared upon us with a cold, dim and forbidden glance. It is dreadful to feel that the only be-, ing of our love refuses to ask our sym pathy, that he broods over the feelings which he scorns or fears to reveal, dreadful to watch the convulsive fea tures and the gloomy brow, the indefi nable shadows of hidden emotions, the involuntary sigh of sorrow in which we arc forbidden to partiiepate and whose character we cannot know. She essays once more. “ Edward,” she said slowly, mildly, and affection ately, “ the time has been when you w.rc willing to confide your secret j'*ys and sorrows to one who has nev er, I trust, betrayed your confidence. Why then; my dear Edward, is this cruel reserve'/ You are troubled, and refuse to tell me the cause. ” Something of returning tenderness softened, for an instant, the cold sever ity of of the husband’s features, but it passed away, and a bitter smile was bis only reply. Time passed on, and the twain were separated from each other. The husband sat gloomy and alone in the damp coll of a dungeon. lie had fol lowed ambition as his God, and had failed in high'career, lie hud min gled with men whom his heart loath edj; he had sought out the fierce and wronged spirits of the land, and had breathed into them the madness of revenge. lie had drawn his sword against his country ; lie had fanned rebellion to a flame, and it had been quenched in human blood. He had m serably fallen, ami was doomed to die the death of a traitor. The door of the dungeon opened, and a light form entered, and threw nerself into his aims. The softened light of sunset fell upon the pale brow and wasted cheek of his once beautiful wife. “ Edward, my clear Edward,” she said, “ I have come to save you; 1 have reached you after a thousand dif ficulties, and 1 thank God, my purpose is nearly executed. ” Misfortune had softened the proud heart of manhood, and as the husband pressed his pale wife to his bosom, a tear trembled on his eyelasln “I have not deserved this kindness,” he mur mured in the choked tones of agony* “ Edward, ” said his wife, in an earn est but faint and low voice, which indi cated extreme arid fearful debility, ‘•vve have not a moment to lose. liy an exchange ol garments you will be enabled to pass out unnoticed. Haste. >rwe may be too late. Fear nothing for me—L am a woman, and they will not injure me for my efforts in behalf of ft husband dearer than life itself. *• But, Margaret,” said the husband, “you look sadly ill. tou cannot breathe the air of this dreadful ceil.” “ Oh, speak not of me, my dear Ed ward, ” said the devoted woman. “ I can endure anything for your sake.— Hast, Edward, and all will be well,” and she aided, with a trembling hand, lo disguise the proud form of her hus band m a female garb. *•' Farewell, my love, my preserver,” whispered the husband in" tho car of die disguised wife, as an officer sternly reminded the supposed lady that the time allotted to her had expir ed, '‘Farewell! we shall meet again,” responded the wife; and the lmband :utssed out unsuspected, and escaped the enemies of his life They did meet again—-the wife and husband ; but only as the dead may meet—-in the awful eommunings of another world. Affection had. borne up bur exhausted spirit, until the last gpeat purpose of her exertions was ac complished in the safety of her hus band —rand the bell tolled on the mor row, and the cell was open ed, an cl the guards found, wrapped in ike habiliments M’ their destined vie* ri/n, the pale, beauiifai corpse of the de rotod W if*. Correspondence of the Newark Daily Advertiser. Letter from Italy. Rome, Feb. 7, 1855.—“Siifihy Ita ly ” lias been chilled and Clouded fOr weeks. We have scarcely had an en tire .clear day this winter, and the pro voking coquettery ofthe sun billy serves to make us more sensitive to the fret winds of the winterdodKihg hills, everywhere covered with snow, from Rome to the Alpine passes. An American Family arrived this morning from Florence, inqidtfhg in despair for the bright clinic df ihe poets: * Know you the land, Where the citron and olive are the fairest of fruit, And the voice of the nightingale tteVer is inuto? It is even worse in the South of France, where the cold is actually bi ting. The mails are habitually retar ded oyev And. beyond the mountains; on this side where snow becomes rain before it reaches the plains, the roads and Tail ways afe always passable, for stoTVnfe and tempests, which chew here deform the face of the earth, are here unknown. In Italy nature is alwaws quiet, though she is sometimes sulk}', as in winter. Thus it is that her monuments remain uneffaced for ages; that fres coes and sculptures, are everywhere seen in the open air, so that the very atmosphere Seems imbued with the spir it of ancient poesy; for though the “fUft humanities ofthe old religion” laid no longer in the faith of reason, yet, wherever we turn some statue, some temple, some fame, some old image, or inscription, bewitches the imagination with something beyond and above all her visible charms— ——The gloom, The light that never was on sea or land, The contraction, and the poets dream. This is the secret of the celebrity of the climate of Italy, which is factually detestable in comparison with that of the West India Islands. The truth is that hitherto the world has been more influenced bv poetry than sci ence in the matter of climates.— Thanks to the active efforts of some of our own countrymen, it is now likely to become more enlightened on the subject. The official Journal has a long article in commendation of what it justly denominates “ the vast design conceived by Lt. Maury, Director of the Observatory at Washington, and adopted at the Scientific Conference of the chief maratime nations at Brussels, of continued and uniform meteoroligic al observations by sea and land, all over the globe. ” A rid the govern ment of the Pope has honorably ordain ed that the.system and instruments thus proposed be strictly employed by its marine in the obvervatories of the Papal States. The Holy See has just sanctioned the institution of the “Ro man Society of Navigation, ” an associ ation for the promotion of commerce. The diplomatic relations between the Holy See and Sardinia have been materially exasperated by the minis terial measures oefore the Parliament of the latter to abolish, or materially modify, the numerous convents and other antiquated ecclesiastical retreats in the kingdom. The revenues of these non-producing institutions, it appears amounts to several millions, and yet the State Treasury is taxed for them under some old law to a large amount. The Pope, of course, denoun ces the movement, and a Montorso (admonition or warning,) addressed lo die King, was read a few days ago in se cret consistory, and copies Were fur nished to the Cardinals, with all the diplomatic documents and correspon dence. One ol the organs of the papa cy tells us that “Pius IX has done with the government of Sardinia, that which Gregory XVI did in 1841 with Russia.” The Sardinian Ministry pro pose to lav all the papers before Par liament, find they will thus be publish ed to the world. There were three deaths among the Cardinals during the last month, all in Italy. A discovery has been made'within a few days of some secret preparations for an'insurrection at Ancona. Printed do cuments, apparently written by Mazzi ni in London, have been found in the hands of several persons, who have been arrested, and who will doubtless suffer the dreadful penalty of the law. In line net* of a Newspaper. A school teacher, who lias been en gaged a long time in his profession and witnessed the influence of a news paper upon the minds of a family of children, writes to the editor oftheOg densburg Sentinel as follows : I have found it to be the univesal fact without exception, that those scholars of both sexes of all ages, who have had excess to a newspaper at home, when compared with those who have not, are : 1. Better readers, excelling in punc tuation and in emphasis, and conse quently read more understanding!}*. 2. They are better spellers, and de fine words with ease and accuracy. 3 .They obtain a practicable knowl edge of geography, in almost half the time it requires others, as the newspa per has mude them familiar with the location of the governments and doings on the globe. 4. They are better grammarians, for having become so by the style in the newspaper, from the common adver tisement to the finished and classical oration of the statesman, they more readily comprehend the meaning of the text, and consequently analyze its con struction with accuracy. 5. They write better compositions, using better language, containing more thoughts, more clear and connectedly expressed, fi. Those young men, who have for years been readers of the newspapers are always taking the lead in the deba ting society, exhibiting a more exten sive knowledge uponfa greater variety of subjects; and expressing their views with greater fluency, clearness and cor rectness in their use of language. —, —+*+— —— Acquire honestly ; seek humility ; ! prnetic# economy .* low fidelity. Dickenson I W BrlfMt Drink Do#ftt Among all the satire of Dickens there is nolhieg more true than tlib following from BlHhk House : “ Englibid lms been in a dreadful state for itdine weeks. Lord Coodle would go out; Sir Thomas Doodle wouldn’t, come in* and there being no body in Great Britain (to speak of) ex cept Coodle and Doodle-, there lias been no goveftttttent. It is a mercy that a hostile meeting between these two great tnon, whiehnione time seem ed inevitable, did not conic off; be* calVsc it both pistols had taken effect, and Coodle and Doodle had killed each othcF, it is to be presumed that England must have waited to be gov erned until young Coodle and young Doodle, now in frocks and long stock ings, were grown up. This stupendous national calamity, however, was averted by Lord Coo die’s making the timely discovery, that, if, in the heat of debate, he had said that he scorned and despised the whole ignoruble career of Sir Thomas Doo dle, lie had merely meant to say that party differences should never induce ii rn to withhold from him the tribute of his warmest admiration; while it as op portunely turned out on the other hand, that Sir Thomas Doodle had in his own bosom expressly booked Lord Coodle to go down to posterity as the mirror of virtue and honor. Still England has been some weeks in the dismal strait of having no pilot (as was well observed by Sir Leicester Dedlock,) to weather the storm ; and the marvellous part of the matter is, that England has not appeared to care very much about it, but has gone on eating and drinking, and marrying, and giving in marriage as the old world did in the days before the flood. But Coo dlc knew the danger, and Doodle knew the danger, and all their follow ers and hangers-on had the clearest possible perception of the danger.— At last Sir Thomas Doodle has not on ly condescended to come in, but has done it handsomely, bringing in with him all his nephews, all his male cous ins, and all bis brothers-in-law. So their is hope for the old ship yet. ” Extraordinary Flying Machine. We find the following curious and interesting statement in the Paris Pa trie :—“The Aca temy of Sciences is a good deal interested by the invention of a Flying Machine, by Don Diego de Salamanca. With this machine Don Diego’s daughter, Rosaura, rose in the air, sometime ago at Madrid, to the great astonishment of the Spaniards, who are but little accustomed to this sort of miracle. Don Diego de Sala manca and his daughter are about to ar r.v.e at Paris to show the effects of his marvellous invention. The machine is very simple ; it consists in a case two feet long, and one foot wide, adapted to a band of leather round the waist buck led behind. The two iron rods fasten ed to the case support a small piece of wood, on which the feet repose. The case contains a simple and ingenious mechanism, similar Lo that employed to set an automaton in motion. The me chanism is worked by means of a handle. It sets in work two large wings ten feet long, made of very thin caoutchouc, covered with feathers; and the wings may be so worked as to pro duce vertical, perpendicular, or hori zontal flying. The number of turns giv en to the handle determines the height which it is desired to go. The han dle has to be turned every quarter of a league to regulate the distance; the operation of turning lasts a minute.— Horizontal fly nig is the most difficult. The wings beat the air like the oars of a lo .t, or rather as the feet of a swan when it swims. By means of this curi ous machine a man can go almost as rapidly as a carrier-pigeon from the Ho tel de Villetothe Arc de Triomphe i’E o le, in eight minutes, and in half an hour to Versailles. The experiments which will be made in Paris, will be made on a small scale, and the flights of Don Diego will not extend beyond the department of the Seine ; but at a la ter period lie proposes to go to Lyons, Bordeaux, Toulouse, Marseilles and 'fours, and to take the lines of railway, lie pretends that he can travel quicker than by rail. The price of each ma chine wil not exceed 1200f. for men, and 1000 ft for women. If the experi ment succeeds Don Diego will take out a patent, and make the sale of the ma chines a branch of’ commerce Al though greatly astonished at this new innvention, several members ofthe Aca demy have ointed out the inconveni ence of bringing it into general use.— In point of fact, there w>ll be no secur ity for any one, if by the aid of such ma chine all our usages and customs be overthrown, and if malefactors can fly on the roofs of houses, afterwards get into apartments and commit all sorts of depredations. It will be very curi ous to see policemen in France or Eng land pursuing theives in the air, in or der to lock them up on the earth. It appears that 1855 promises us all sorts of marvels. ” Hints to Married Men Pcppergrass says that if he slays out late at night, and wishes to avoid a scolding or curtain lecture from Mrs. P., he generally waits out till the “ wee sma’ hours about the twal, ” when the anger of his better-half subsides into fears for his personal s defy. He goes out “on busiuess, ” with a promise to be home at nine. Half-past nine, Mrs. P. uneasy ; ten, aggravated ; half-past ten, positively enraged, and rehearses to herself an address for Pcppergrass’s especial edification, filled with cutting reproaches ; eleven, vague uneasiness, accompanied bv an indefinite rear that “ something must have happen ed ; ” half-past eleven, nervous appro* heusions-—tears take place of wither ing glances; twelve o’clock unendura ble suspense—-if she only knew the worst; one o ’clock, is completely wor ked up, has the “ conniptions, ” and is about going off the handle, when Pep nergrass an ives ; throws herself into liis arms, overjoyed to see him, as she “ was so afraid tout some accident must havo happened to him. ” Manufacture of Frtihfce. France is the largest producer of beet sugar in the world. A favorable soil and climate, and a rural and in dustrious population, contribute to the successful prosecution of ihe beet and su ar manufacture. This ttianufae ture originated during the reign of Na poleon Bonaparte. His cohtinental system raised colonial produce to an almost fabulous price. The high rate of sugars induced many lo look around for the means of producing su gar at home, and an impetus was giv en to the search, by the offer of a mag nificent premium by the emperor to the successful discoverer of a perma nent home source of supply. Os all the plants tried the beet proved the most promising, but forty years elaps ed before the manufacture of beet su gar was enabled to cope successfully with colonial sugars. From France the culture spread through Belgium, Germany, and far into the interior of Russia, and now there is produced of this kind of sugar on the continent of Europe three hundred and sixty mill ions of pounds, nearly one-naif of which is manufactured in France, in three hundred and thirty-four manu factories. In the vicinity of Lille the average yield of the sugar beet is sixteen tons to the acre, and at Valen ciennes nineteen tons. In some locali ties twent-four tuns are produced. [Scientific American. I Would. If I possessed the most valuable things in the world, and was about to will them away, the following would be my plan for distribution : I would will to the world truth and friendship, which are very scarce. I would give an additional portion of truth to lawyers, traders and mer chants. I would give physicians skill and learning. I would give to Printers tiieir PAY. To gossiping women short tongues. To young women, good sense, large waists and natural teeth. To young sports of dandies, common sense, little cash, hard work; To old maids, good temper, smooth faces, little talk, good husbands. To old bachelors, love for vir tue, Children and wives-. Virginia Literature. The Southern Literary Messenger inti mates that two new books may be ex pected at an early day, from the pens of Richmond ladies—Miss Anna A roll er Tally and Mrs Anna Cora Ritchie, (late Mrs. Movvatt.) It is stated (in the N. Y Day Boole , we believe,) that the most successful American work of fic tion issued from the press last year, was Atone, by another lady of Richmond, Miss Harlan, published too in that city. In the course of a few months it ran through seven or eight editions and has been translated into two or three languages of Continental Europe.— Yet, though sought for in several book stores in Savannah, we ..ave failed to find it.-—So much for Southern encour agement so Southern Litertaure.— Would not, Mr. Morris the publisher be good enough to send us a copy. We may remark in this connection that the grandest work of imagination which we have read for many months, “ The Virginia Cammedidus , ”if not from the pen of a citizen of Richmond —which We suspect — is at any rate the product ofa Virginian’s brain. The thrilling story and its lofiy moral enti tle it to the highest place among the fictions ofthe day. We hope it will not be long before the author (whoev er lie may be,) will redeem his promise by again presenting himself before the public. The 4ngel Gabriel at llome. The Glasgow Mail, of the 11th of Feb., states that John S. Orr, nicknam ed the “ Angel Gabriel, ” has arrived at home, from New York, in the steam er Glasgow It says : . A most dissonant, screeching sound from the steamer reached the ears of the loungers on the quay, and in which was soon recognized the old fa miliar war note of John S. Orr’s (alias the Angel Gabriel’s) trumpet. As the vessel neared the wharf “ the an gel ” (of discord,) was only recognized by his old acquaintances by the brazen emblems which he carried, for he ap peared not only to have became a con vert to the beard movement, but to al low his hair to grow until it hung over his shoulders. He sprung upon the quay, took up his old position at the large gas lamp pillar, blew a blast or two on Lns trum pet, and shortly harangued a crowd of curious onlookers, pointed to the sears on his head which he had received in Canada and the United States in doing battle with popery, said he would talk to the people of Greenock for hours ou Monday night of his adventures and hairbreadth escapes among the Yankees, wheeled round, and rushed up the quay, going off' to Glasgow by the railway train. Laws—Weights & Measures. We are happy to be able to state, for the general information and satisfac tion of our friends, that under date of the 7th inst., Governor Johnson says, in reply to a letter on the subject from Capt. C. Tyler, Clerk of the Inferi or Court of this county, that the laws and journals will be distributed in a few days. In relation to standard weights and measures for the new counties, his Ex cellency says, that the last legislature, although they directed him to procure fifty sets, for the useofthe new counties, ancl such of the old as need them, yet failed to make any appropriation for their purchase, and that he canuot therefore procure them until the meet ing of the next legislature, before whom he will lay the subject for con sideration. FROM TUB FjRMEBAI. UNION. Soitilicasiera Georgia Compared with Texas. Tuoupville, Feb., 1855. Just at this time, when the tide of emigration from the exhausted por tions of Georgia is setting outward with a pretty strong current, it may not be Inappropriate to institute a com parison With regard to the productive capabilities of the two sections of the country, wh.ich appear principally to attract and divide the public attention —Texas and Southern Georgia. In doingsolshall remarks to the Southeastern portion only, be cause I am better acquainted with this than with the Southwestern portion— tlmt is, to the country lying south of the Altatnaha river and east of Thom as county. I give to Texas all that the glowing accounts of her most sanguine advo cates have claimed for her, and to Southeastern Georgia only what fig ures, founded on facts well known here, can establish for her. It has been asserted that in parts of Texas, farmers make and save, besides -necessary provisions, ten bales of cot ton pel 1 hand, weighing 500 lbs. each. This Li the largest production which 1 have heard claimed for Texas; and beyond a doubt it is a very large pro duction ; but I take it as a basis for the calculation, and still Southeastern Georgia can beat even that, large as it is, and by a wide These ten bales at present prices—6 to 10 cents, say 8 cents, would sell at New Or leans for four hundred dollars. I sup pose the expenses for freightage from Texas to that market may be about equal to ours in Southeastern Georgia to our market atSavannah and Charles ton—say 1 1-2 cents per lb. For freightage of the ten bales then, de duct 75 dollars, and we have the nett profit per hand—32s dollars. In some parts of Southeastern Geor gia, farmers make and save, besides necessary provisions, four bales of long staple cotton per hand, weighing 400 lbs. each; For this in Savannah 15 to 45 cents per lb., (see quotations, Feb. 17,,) say 30 cents, may be obtained. And some of our farmers have sold for more than 30 cents; This gives us for four bales 480 dollars. Now deduct for the freigtage 24 dollars, and the nett proceeds per hand is 456 dollars, being a diffesence in favor of Southeastern Georgia of 131 dollars per hand. This calculation it will be seen is based upon the present depressed pri ces — a circumstance which operates very unfavorably to Southeastern Geor gia in the comparison. Let us have the prices as they were two years ago, and as, in all likelihood they will again be when the causes which have pro duced the present depression shall have been removed, and the difference in favor of Southeastern Georgia is much greater. The ten bales at 8 to 12 cents —-savs 10 cents as a medium— would bring 500 dollars. Deduct freight, 75 dollars, and the nett pro ceeds is 425 dollars per hand. Tin four bales at 35 to 05 cents, say 50 cents, would br.ng 800 dollars. * De duct freight, 24 dollars, and we have the nett product, 776 dollars, being 275 dollars per hand over the best that Texas can do. The price is not over stated. One of rny neighbors sold his crop of that year for more than 50 cents per lb. The crops taken for these calcula tions are extreme crops ; but they are extreme in both cases, and therefore fair and equal. Take medium or in ferior crops, and the difference in fa vor of Soutbcsatern Georgia will be proportionally the same. With regard to other productions of the farm, Southeastern Georgia is equal, and in point of health and pleasantness far superior to Texas. In the moral condition of society, too, (a very important element,) our section has" a decided advantage over Texas, since no asylum for crime is found here, such as is found in Texas. No criminals or fraudulent bankrupt debt ors ever think of finding here a re fuge from the punishment of violated laws, or the just claims of defrauded creditors. If these statements be indeed facts, and I am quite suie I hazard nothing in assorting them as such, there seems to be no very good reason why those who are not fleeing from justice nor from their creditors, should not give the preference to Southeastern Geor gia. But for such as seek a refuge from their misdeeds, or for their smug gled property, Texas is the place next after California. In this respect I. readily award to Texas superiority over Southeastern eorgia. To ail who think of changing their place of residence, I say come and see if these things be not true. Rely upon it, you will find our farming lands much cheaper, our climate more healthy and pleasant, and the tone of public mor als more elevated than in Texas. In common with Texas, wc suffer by a want of market facilities, and wc feel very sensibly the inconvenience. But the inconvenience is greatly ame liorated by the fact that we do not pay higher freight on our cotton than those farmers pay on theirs who live on the lines of any of the Bail roads, as far from their markets as we are from ours; and we pay less than those who are obliged to haul their cotton an y consid erable distance before it is placed upon the Railroads. It is true that we are obliged to pay about four times sis much freight on on any given weight of our cotton as they who live imme diately on the Railroads pay for the same weight of theirs. But it must be borne in mind, that a given weight of ours is worth at least four times as much as the same weight of their*. So we pay for freight no higher percent. on the value of our cotton than thev pay on the value of theirs. This con sideration, it seems to me, ought to obviate the objection so strenuously urged against this section—its lack of market facilities. And this considera -1 on, too, gives us another very decided advantage over Texas. But let us have railroad facilities—and we must j have tliefn irt a very few years at the farthest--and we shall then pay for getting our crops into market only one fourth as much, “ad valorem,” as those who send their crops of short cotton the same distance, for they, to obtain the same value, must send four times as much weight, and necessarily pay four times as much freight. ,L 0. FALL FIT. -m* ■» >»- A Prolific Hen. We are informed (says the Griffin Union,) that Dr. Columbus Smith, of Jonesboro’, has a hen, of the common stock, that has laid, in three weeks, eighty-six eggs. She commenced by laying two a da} r , and laid successive ly three, four, live, six, and at last ac counts had laid seven eggs per day, of the ordinary size. The gentleman who gives us the information has of fered to bet one hundred dollars upon its correctness. The hen is confined in a coop and has been watched while laying, and the eggs counted after she left the nest. If this be true, we will go Georgia against the world in the hen line. Our tile is at the service of any of our friends now. Seven eggs a day ! and of the ordinary size. \\ r e think our friend, Dr. Smith, must have suc ceeded in procuring one of those Pa tent nests, with a valve in the bottom, which, on being 'pressed with the weight of the-newly laid egg, imme diately opens, and allows the fruit to pass into a receptacl below, and then instantly closes; the effect being to cheat the anxious hen into the belief that she has misjudged her sensations, and straightway she renews her efforts, with the same result again and again, until as many as seven eggs, of the or dinary size, are frequently produced at one setting! The use of these nests, however, ia attended with great risk to the health of the lien, who, in most instances, eventually falls a victim to her overwrought maternal instincts, Agriculture for 1855. We believe there never were better prospects for our farmers to use every effort in raising a large crop than there are at present. This war in Europe will prevent the cultivation of the soil in a number of extensive and fertile dis tricts which, heretofore have raised a large amount of surplus products.— This will open a gap for our farmers to fill up. Corn is becoming more an ar ticle of !ood in Europe every year.— Three times the quantity was exported in 1854 that there was in the preced ing year. As it is the most important grain crop in our country, we advise a still more extended cultivation of it. Potatoes seem to have become one of the most fallacious crops. Farmers should not trust to them, but sow and plant other crops, and depend on them as if not a potato were to be raised.— For the past ten years, most of the po tatoes raised have rotted during win ter ; they seem to have lost the quality of preservation which they once pos sessed. In a few years more, perhaps this disease will wear out. Farmers should raise more oats and barley than they have hitherto done. The former crop in the Northern States is a certain one. Beans should also be more ex tensively cultivated, so that we may have abundant crops of many kinds.— llice is a standing crop ; its cultivation seems to be more carefully attended to, and understood by planters than the cultivation either of wheat or corn. How He Became a Millionaire. Mr. McDonough, the millionaire of New Orleans, has had engraved upon his tomb a series of maxims, which he has prescribed as the rules for his guidance through life, and to which his success in business is mainly attributable. They are so sound, and contain so much practical wisdom, that wc copy them : “Rules for the Guidance of mv Life, 1804.—Remember always that labor is one of the conditions of our existence. Time is gold ; throw not one minute away, but place each one to account. Do unto all men as you would be done b}*. Never put off till to-morrow what you can do to-day. Never bid anoth er do what you can do yourself. Nev er covet what is not your own. Never think any matter so trilling as not to deserve notice. Never give out that which does not first come in. Never spend but to produce. Let the great est order regulate the transactions of your life. Study in your course of life to do the greatest amount of good. “Deprive yourself of nothing ne- cessary to your comfort, but live in an honorable simplicity and frugality. Labor, then, to the last moment of your existence. Pursue, strictly, the above rules, and the Divine blessing and riches of every kind will flow upon you to your heart’s content; but, first of all, remember that the chief, and great study of our life should be to tend, by all means in our power, to the honor and glory of our. Divine Creator. John McDonough, New Or leans, March 2d, 1804. The conclu sion to which I have arrived is, that, without temperance, there is no health ; without virtue, no order; without re ligion, no happiness ; and that the aim of our being is to live wisely, soberly and righteously.” Origin of the Wedding Ring. The wedding ring, according to the ancient chronicler, John Switson, an eminent antiquarian and divine, was at first not of gold but of iron, adorned wuh adamant, signifying durance and strength. “ llobeit, ”he says, “it skil leth not at. this day what the ring be made of; the form of it being round, and without end doth import that their love should circulate and flaw continu ally.” The finger upon which the ring is worn—the fourth on the left hand next to the little finger—is selec ted, because there was supposed a vein of bloQ i to pass from thence to the heart. Beautiful Letter from a Mother to her Son. On the person of Charles C. Welling formerly of Hamilton, Madison Cos., JN. Y., the young man who com mitted suicide at Chatham Four Corn ers, near Hudson, in this State, on Saturday last, the following affection ate and maternal letter was found : . My Deah Boy:—Feeling sensible that I must soon leave you, I wish to say a few vvords, to which I entreat your attention as the last words, the last wishes of your dying mother a mother who would be glad to live and suffer for your sake, if it was the will of God that she should. In the first place, my dear Charles, love and serve God; make a friend of Him and lie will be better to you than all earthly friends. Never forget to pray to Him ; remember that from the time that you were a little one, and could scarcely speak, you have knelt beside your mother and offered Up your prayers to Him. You have also rend 11 is holy word with her; do not forsake this practice now she is gone—never omit it fora single night or morning; think that your poor dead mother is looking pleased as you do this, and looking grieved if you neglect it; above all, think how displeasing it is to our Heavenly Father to be neglected bv us, His creatures. He has made and protects us every hour and minute of our lives. But remember, my dear child, that just to kneel before God and say your prayers is not praying. You must feel what you say ; you must re member that He loves children that try to do good, and that he will help them to be so if they ask Him. Therefore, every night endeavor to think what you have done, or said, or thought ! wrong, and beg Him lor the sake of your dear Savior, to forgive you and help you to do better for the future.. Every morning thank Him for taking care of you during the night; thank Him for all your blessings; beg llim to keep you from sinning against Him through the day, and then all day long endeavor to remember that II is eye is upon you, and that he will be grieved if you do wrong—that lie wants to save you and make you happy. If bad boys tempt you to do wrong, re member His holy word has said, “My son, if sinners entice thee consent thou not.” Next to God, love and obey your father, my dear boy ; he has been a good father to you, and he has al ways been good to your mother. Strive to be a comfort to him, do everything to oblige him that you can. liemem ber that it is well pleasing to your Father in Ilcavdn for you to love and honor your earthly parents. Bo oblig ing and kind to all, endeavor to make every one love you, obey your teacher, try to improve your studies that you may grow up an intelligent, useful man; be good to dumb animals; do not tyrannize over any living thing; try to deny yourself—that is, my dear Charles, try to oblige others, even if it puts you to inconvenience on your own account. When you think of the poor heathen children that know not God, and think how much better you are off, strive to save something for them. When you are tempted to spend money for what you do not need, de termine not to* spend it, but save it to do good with. This is self-denial. When you see a poor creature hungry, and you go without a part of your tbod to give it to him, that is self-denial. When you are tempted to do a wrong action and do not do it, this is resisting temptation—this is well-pleasing to God, who will always help you to re sist it if you ask him. I hope you will be useful, I hope you will live fora I good purpose. I shall write much more if lam able. I want to write what 1 hope might profit you as you grow older; but it I can write no more, endeavor to profit by what I have written, for in childhood, youth, or old age, it cannot hurt, and with the blessing of God it may do you good. Therefore, my dear child, if my life is not spared to finish this, receive it as it is-—receive it as the last farewell, the blessing of your dying mother. C. Wellington. May God bless and protect n;y moth erless bov, and enable him to become a true Christian. New York Money Market. The Evening Post of Monday says: Money is quite a drag and seems al most the dullest article of any in the markets. It appears in pools without any material outlet. On demand, any amount can be obtained at rates favor ing the borrower; but according to. the character and position of the bor rower, as much as on the securities.. The common rate is now 5 to 6. per cent, on call, and discounts of prime and good bills range at from 5 to T per cent. The steamer to sail from Boston orb Wednesday-will take from here about $600,000 or $700,000 in specie. $460,- 000 in bars are already engaged, ami the remainder will be in coin, unless another remittance of bars from Cal ifornia arrive in time, which is hardly probable. The non-arrival of the “ Pacific n steamer from Liverpool is having an advance effect on the foreign exchange market, as it is feared that there may be no departure from this port next week in consequence, and therefore parties by way of precaution will re mit in larger sums than otherwise would be the case by this week’s steam er. Many drawers of sterling, conse quently, have raised their pretensions to 110, The transactions are yet un important and we have heard of na sales above 109 3-4, at which one or two of the first-class houses are sell-, ing; but there is a general disposition to get the higher price of 1097-8 a 110, or decline drawing. The supply of bills from the South is very light, and though some more bills than usual have been created out of last week’s exports from this port, the market is badly supplied; aid large sales will have to be covered by gold.