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Hhk con stitution
OF
TME STATE OF OEO3«U.
ARTICLE 1.
OEMAHATins or roiousKstAi. FR!V"in.e*.
1. The fumliHv'iitid principles of Fret
Oo»yrfi;u rit cannot I*• Utu Wj)M Understood,
nor re< trrrt to,
2. <3»l iaMOlaiiwff t hapten hhall live
uniler r,o#t-ini>tw; Jwrf ae’fTjT'T .•*«-- ami ati
niiulitritflmi of civil stovornraeut a rot iu Im
niiUi, Ain't thurof.ire, fallible hand*, tbejunay
w altered or m.Mlititi.l wbenevor the saflxy
or happiness i>f the Em-i'iiv.l require it.—
No government xh.r.iUi !«■ changed for light
or trandent can- ; nor imles* ti|>ou rrawna-
We tukturonov that a better will lx* establish
ed.
3. j-nitoctlon 1 1 peril,n aud ir
the duty of (io' einnicnt; autljflj Govern
ment which k-i " in/1 • nnd pptetotentU de
nies nrvith-hotd*frt>m thiwprvorned such
protection, when within irt powet, release*
them fixitn tlieo'dijuti.mjf uhedieucre.
4. No citizen dwiLUflffdi'prived of life, lile
erty or liv doe nrncwi of
law; tutu of fit • or liberty, only by the
jodgnmenf of hi- jx-ers.
5. Tin* writ Of’C/rjrts,” altall not
be suspended. unless in ciye of rebellion or
invasion, the pulilie safety mab require it.
0. The right of tint jieople to keep and
boev senH ih.»!l not bi'infrimred.
7. No religious teat shall l><> required for
the te.-ore of any office; and no religion
•ball be e.tnbKahed by law; and no citizen
shall be deprived ofany right or privilege by
reason of lib, religious ladies.
8. Freedom el ’bought mi l opinion, free
dom of speech, and free lon, of fbe press a«e
inherent elements of political liberty. But
while every citizen may ‘reely speak, write
and print, on any subject, he '-hall be rc
spoo-ihle for the abuse of flu- liberty.
ft. The right of the people to ropes! to the
courts ; to petition Government on all mat
ters of legitimate
to assemble for tne consideration m* any
matter of public concern—shall never be im
paired.
tp. For ever' riidkt. there should be pro
vided a remed" , mi l every Citizen ought to
cotnin justice without purrttafre, without de
nial, and without delay—conformably to the
laws of the land.
11. Every person chat-pod with an offence
against the laws of the .State shall have the
privilege and benefit of counsel :
.Shall lx furnished on demand, with a copy
of the accusation, and with a list of the wit
nesses against him:
Shall have compulsory process to obtain
the attendance of his own witnesses:
Shall be confronted with the witnesses
testifying against him ; and
Shall lin'-e a public and speedy trial by an
impurtiai jury.
12. No jx-rsou shall be put in jeopardy of
life or liberty more than once for the same
offence.
13. No conviction shall work corruption
of blood, or genera! forfeiture of estate.
14. E xcoaLve Iwi! shall not be required ;
nor excessive fines imposed ; nor cruel and
unusual punishments inflicted.
15. The power of the courts to punish for
contempt shall 1«5 limited by Legislative
Act*.
t 10. A faitbfnl executionof tin- laws is es-
to guod order ; and good order in (so
ciety is c-scntia! to liberty.
[lt. Legislative Acts in violation of the
fundamental law are void; and the Judicia
ry shall ~o declare then:.
18 He )>• if" '■> hws. and law, impairing
the obligation of contracts, and rctro-a-tive
legialalkm injurio-.i-ly nlh—tinr the right of
the citizen, are prohibited.
19. Laws should hsvi a general operation;
and no general law shall lie varied in a par
ticular case by special Ivgiatotion ; except
with consent or a!’ persons to be affected
t hereto v.
20. ’file right of taxnt - >n can be granted
only by the people: and shall be exercised
only to rais" revenue for the support of
Government, to pay the public debt : to pro
vide for the common defence, and for such
other purposes at- arc specified in the grant
of pow ers.
21. In eases of r.e v -i’v, private way«
an 1 the right to carry water over ian 1 for
the purpose of mining and draining, may be
granted upon ju-t compensation being first
pidd: and with this ex reptimi, private prop
erty shall not be taken except for public
use; and then, only ujion just compensation;
such compensation except in ease, of pre-s
--ing necessity, to lx lir.it provided and
paid.
22. The right of the people to I* secure
in their persous, iiouses, papers and effects,
against unreasonable rcirehes and seizures,
shall not be violated : nod no warrant shall
issue but upon probnUo cause, supported by
oath or affirmation, and pai-tje ilarly describ
ing the place or places to be searchod, and
th<- persons and ujire- to be seize.l.
23. Martial 1-i.v Vagi! not be declared, ex
cept in cases of extreme nrees.viy.
24 Large standing armies, in time
of npee, are dangerous to liberty.
25. No Idicr s ,11. n time of peace, be
quartered in any iiouic without the consent
of the owner ; nor in time of war, but in a
manner proscribed by law.
29. The person of a debtor slmli not be
detained in prison after delivering bom Ji
all his estate for tne use of his creditors.
27. The tmiunerati ,-n of rights herein con
tained shall not be eon trued to deny to the
people ativ inherent rights which they have
hitherto enjoyed.
28. This declaration is a part of this Con
stitution. and shall never be riolatod on any
pretence whatever.
ARTICLE 11.
Sec. I—l. The Legislative, Executive and
Judicial Department, shall lx- di-tinot; and
each di-jnrlmcnt shall I-c confided to a sepa
rate body of magistracy. No person or
collection of persons, being of one depart
ment, shall exercise any power properly at
tached to either of the others; except in cas
es herein exon siv pn>v: led.
2. The Legislative power shsll he vested in
a General Assembly, which shall consist of n
{Senate and House of Heprenentritives.
3. The meeting of the General Assembly
shall tie annual, and on the first Wednesday
in Novem’icr, until such (lay of meeting
snail he altered l»y law. .A majority of each
Jlouse shall constitute a quorum to transact
l-.ttstress; but a smaller number may adjourn
front day to day, and compel the attendance
of their members in such man:- -r as each
Iloufsc sbr.ll proscribe. K» session of the
General aasemhig shall continue for more
than forty days, unless the same shall be
done by a vote of two-third* of each branch
thereof.
4. The ctrtlpenns! ion of flip members and
officer* of the General Assembly shall be
fixed bv law-, at. the first session, subsequent
to the adoption of this Constitution; and the
same shall not be increased so as to ntfect
tlte compensation of the members or officer*
of the Assembly by w hich the increase is
adopted.
5. No penm hoi Lug any military com
mission or otic;- nppiintment, having any
oranbtmc’it or eonqx-naetion at-nexed there
to, under tiu* g. ~te or the Confederate
fitnlc-A, or ;it!ic; of them, (except Justices
nf the !iif»ri'*r Conrt. Justice* of tba lVaee
aitdWmL-rr* oft!» militia,) nor ativ dt-fattlter
|f,,r public money ,or for legal tax.-s tvquirt-d
of him, ab.i’l have a s-.-st in either branch of
the General Assembly; i-or shall any Sena
tor or R-.-iresentatSve, after his qualification
an «ich. lie elected to any office or appoint
jnont by the General Assembly h.sving any
emoluments or compensation annexed there
to, dnnng the time for which he shall have
been eiectetl. *
f,. No person convicted of any felony in
volving any species of the tlk- crii*eu fd!xu
Oebt-c nnv Court of this State or of the
Confederate Sfattrt, shall be rlligible to any
i office or appointment of honor, profit or
1 t nut, within this State.
7. No person w ho is a collector or iuddei
of public inuncv, shall be eligible to any of
fice in this State, until the anmc is account
ed fir and juiid into the Treasury.
Sr.c-rto.fS—l. The Senate that! consist of
tlirty four tnemlwi-s, one bo ehoncti from!
each .Senatorial district, which district *ha>l
| lie composed of three continguous counties.
Isa new county is eatnblished, It shall be
added to a district which it at(joins, until
there shall lie another arrangement of the
Senatorial district*. The Senatorial districts
whnli not lie changed, exto.pt when a new]
census shall hove been taken.
2. No person shall lx’ a Senator who shall
not have attained to the age of twenty dive
and be a citizen of the Confederate
mt Aw, andjiave been for tliree years an in- [
habitant offnis State, and for one year a
resident of the district from which he is cho- |
sen.
3. The presiding officer shall be styled the |
President of the Senate, an;! shall lx- elected j
rim r.er from their own body.
4. The Senate shall have the solo power I
to try all impeachments. When sitting for |
that purpose, tbej slmil lx- on oath or aliit- 1
motion: and no person shall bo convicted i
without the concurrence of two-thii-d»of the j
members present. Judgement, in cases of.
i impeachment, shall not extend further than !
removal from <iiii--e and disqualification to :
hold Rtid enjoy ativ office of honor, p’-oftt or j
trust within this Slate ; but the party eon-,
victed shall nevertheless be liable and subject !
to indictment, trial judgement and punish-j
meat according to h-.w .*
Sn rioN 3—l. The House of Represent*-!
lives shall be composed as follows. The ]
thirty seven counties having the largest rep* J
resontative population shall have two Hep- i
j rcaontativps each. Every other county shall
j have one Representative. The designation
!of tin counties having two Representative*
] shall he made by the General Assembly im
mediately after the taking of each ccn
; sits.
1 2. No person shall be n Representative
j who shall not have attained to the age of
Mventy-one year*, and be a citizen of the
: Confederate Stales and have been for three 1
year- an inhabitant of this State, and for one :
year a resident of the county which he rep-'
| resent*.
3. The presiding officer of the House of;
i1! e preset I tsliv. - nail be styled the Speaker.
! am! shall bo elected niai r.< r from their own
laxly.
4. They shall have the sole power to im
peach all person* who have been or may b<-
try office.
5. All bills for raising revenue or appro-1
printing money, shall originate in tlx- Hou.sc j
of Representative*; hut the Senate may
propu-e or concur in amendments, a.- ia oth- '
et bills.
Sec. 4 — l. Each House shall be the judge !
of the election, returns, and qualifications of |
its own members ; and sluill have power to j
punish them for disorderly behavior or mis- j
conduct, by censure, fine imprisonment or j
expulsion ; but no member shall be expelled i
except bv a vote of two-(birds of the House i
from which he is expelled.
2. Each House may punish, by imprison-1
tnent not extending beyond tne session, any ]
|x-rsiin not a member, who shall be guilty
of a contempt by any disorderly boha-. -mr ;
ii its presence ; or who, during the se«-imi,
shall threaten injury to the person or es- j
tate iff any member, fir any thing said or j
done in either House; or who shall assault j
any member tbcri-f.r. or who shall assault I
or arrest nnv witness going to or returning ;
therefrom ; or who shall rescue, r.uy person :
arrested by order of either House.
3. The member* of both I lon n-s shall be
free from errest, during their attendance on
tire Goners! Assembly, afcd in going to and
returning therefrom except fortrea-on. felo
ny, or brett-di of the peace. And no mem
ber shall be liable to answer in any other
place, for anything spoken in debate iu
either lbut*c.
4. Each House alir.ll keep a journal i! its
proceedings, and publish them immediately :
after its adjournment. The yeas and nays ,
of the members on any question shall, at
the desire of one-fifth of the member- pres
cut, be entered on thejmirimls. The origi
nal journals shall be preserved (after puldi
ention) in the office of thefciccretary of State : i
but there shall be no other record thereof.
5. Every bill, before it shall pas«, shall
be read three times, and on three oeperate !
and distinct days in each House, unless in ;
can’s of actual invasion nr insurrection.— j 1
Nor shall any law or ordinance pass which j
refers to more than one subject matter, or I
eon tides matter different from what is ex-j
pressed in the title thereof.
6. All A-'ts shall he signed by the Tresi- !
dent of the Senote and the Speaker of the j
House of Representative*; and no bill, ordi- j
nance or resolution intended to have the ef
r.s-t of law. which shad have been rejected by !
either House, siiali be again promised un-ier >
the same or any other tiile. without tie
consent of two thirds of the Ilotir by which
the sumo was rejected.
7. Neither House shall adjourn for more ,
than three days, nor to any other place,
without the eon-ont of the other; and in i
case ol disagreement between the two |
1 Fou- i.n a question of rejournment, the j
Governor n-.av adjourn them.
8. Every Senator and Representative. ■
lx fore taking hi* seat, Khali take an oath or 1
affirmation to support the Constitution of
the ('onfederito States and of this State;!
and also, that hr hath not practised any un-!
lawful means, either directly or indirectly,
to procure his election. And every person
convicted of having given or offered a biihc
shall lie disqualified from serving as n tnem
lierof cither Houne forthc term for which he
wa‘- elected.
9. Whenever this Constitution requires
an Act to be pas t’d by two-think of both
Houses, the yea* end nays on the passage
thereof shall be entered cm the journals of j
each.
Sr.r. 5.—1. The General Assembly shall j
have power to make all laws and ordinan
ces, consistent with this Constitution and 1
not repugnant to the Constitution of the ;
Confederate States, which they shall deem
necessary and proper for the welfare of tie-
State.
2. They may alter the boundaries of,
counties, and lay off and establish new coun
ties ; but every bill to establish anew coun
ty shall be jias-ed by at least two-third* of j
the metuliers present, in each branch of the
General Assembly.
3. They shall provide for the taking of a
census or enumeration of the people of this
.State, at regular decades of years, commenc
ing at such time as they may prescribe.
4. The General Assembly shall have
power to appropriate money for the promo
tion of learning and science, and to provide
foi*the education of the people.
5. The General Assembly shall have
power, by a vote of two-thirds of each j
branch, to grant [sirdiin in cases of final con
viction for treason, and to pardon and com- |
mute in cases of final conviction for mur
der.
Sec. G 1. The General Assembly shall j
have no jxiwer to grant corporate powers |
and privileges to private companies, except to
banking, insurance, railroad, canal, plank-,
road, navigation, mining, ex pres- lumlxw and
telegraph .tuinpanies gnip to make or change
election precincts ; nor establish bridges and ]
ferries; nor to change names of legitimate
children ; l.utsball by law. j rescrihethe man
nerin which such jw>wer*!iall lie exercisetl by 1
the Courts. Hut no bank charter altalf lie
granted or extended, and no Act paused au
thorizing the «n*pen«uin of specie payment j
by any chartered l«nk. except by a vote of j
two-third* of erxh branch of the General
Assembly. ■
2. No mnneT shall lie drawn from the
Treasury of tliis State, except bv appropri
ation made by lav.-: and a regular state- 1
Iniimt and accmuU of the n cf 9i* and ixiwii
ilituro of all pnl™- money -.lfcll be [%W«sh
vil from time to time.
3. No vote, rv-oUitiomy law
;-hall pass, granting ft tlnMion jjiw ftratuity
in favor of any person, ej»rpt m- the eon
* currenae oftwo-tlurdH ml «. tjpuich of the
Getioroi Asseiuldy.
4. No law sitail b’ pnwSFby which *
citizen Khali be com|xdled. directly or indi
roctfer, to badome a stockholder in or con
tribute to ft railroad or other work of inter
nal improvement, without liis consent ; ex
cept the inhabitants of a corporate town or
|city, ’Phis provision shall not be construed
jto doinr the power of taxation for the pur
is>-.‘ of making b vcos or dauu. to prevent
the overflow of liver*.
Sec. 7.—1. The' importation or iritro
ductionof ni’criK’s fi’om any foreign country,
other than the *lavelio!dsug States or Tcrri
turios of the United States of America, ia
j forever prohibited.
2. The General Assembly may prohibit
I the introduction ofnegroes frnme any State;
| hut they shall have no power to prevent
| immigrant* from bringing their slave* with
| them.
I 3. The General Assembly shall have no
I power to pass law* for the emancipation of
slaves.
j 4. Any person who shall maliciously kill
lor maim a slave, shall “iifler tuck punish
meut ns would lx* inflicted in case the like
j oiTunce had been committed on a free white
; person.
ARTICLE 111.
; Sec. I.—l. d’lie executive power shall be
I vested inn Governor, who shall h fit his
| office during the term of two years, and un
til such time as a suiVessoi- shall be chosen
, and qualified. He shall Ikiv*c a competent
salary fixed by I w, which shall not lx in
creased or diminished during the period for
which he shall have been elected; neither
shall lie receive, within that period, r.ny oth
er emolument from the Confederate States,
or either of them, or from any foreign pow
er.
2. The Governor shall be elected by
the persons qualified to vote for members of
the General Assembly, on the first Wednes
' day in October, ill the year of our Isird
: 1861 ; nnd on the first Wednesday in Orlo
11>er in every second year thereafter, until
i such time he altered bylaw ; which election
shall lx held at the place- of holding gener
al elections. and in the several counties of
tills State, iu the manner preseri'ied for the
qlcefton of udSrmerj of the General Assem
bly. The returns for every election of
Governor shall be sealed up by fi e nimiHc
ers seperattdy from other returns, and di
] reefed to the T’reslder.t of the Senate and
J Speaker of the House of Rcpre-entatives ;
I and transmitted to the Governor, or the
; person exoreising the dutk sos Governor for
] the time bein'.’ ; who shall, without o;>eii
jingthe said returns, cause the same to be
! laid before the Senate, on the day afier the
I two houses slmil have been organized ; and
they -hall lie transmitted by the Senate to
i the House of Representative.*. The mem
! berajif each branch of the General A -vm
; lily 'lffieU convvw in the Representative
chainber.ky uLtiie I’re-ident of the Senate,
j anffthg Spranjfrof the House of Uepresenta-
I fives, shalbrtpen nnd publish the return* in
! presence *»f the General Assembly: and the
[person havimr the majority of 'lie whole
: number of rotes given in, shall be declared
I duly elected Gov. of this Stale; but if no
I person have such majority, then from the
two per-ons having the highest nnmbe'rof
votes, who shall lie ill life, and t»!ir,H n >f de
cline all election at the time aiquiuted for
lhe Legislature to elect, the Geucr A-se;,i
bly shall imrocliatvly elert a Governor
Hra t iw; nnd in all ea-. .«.f election oi a
Governor by the Gcnoral Assembly, a ma
jority of the votes of tiie mendier- present
shall bo nee.— an I' . a ehuiee. Contested
! election* dial! be dotermiurd t>v imtli Hom
es of the Genera! Aascmbly, in such manner
as shall lx- preset ihed in i.ra.
3. No person shall be elligililc to flic iff
' fiee of Governor who shall not hare been a
! citizen of the Confederate Slates twelve
years, and an inhabitant of thi- .’ (ate six
years, and who hath not attained the age of
thirty years.
4. In ewe of the death, resign! lion or di
ability of tie Governor, the i’ri ideui of(..e
Somite shill! exori i-e the executive power*
of the Guvenimi’ut uutil each disability
shall be removed, o: a sttcce-sorts elected
and qualified. And in case of the death, re
signation or disability of the IV< -ident of
[the Senate, the Speaker of the ILu.- tof
RepOMCiitative* aimtl exer* -e the executive
power of the government until the r; uioval
of thedianbility or the election and qualifi
cation of the Govern ir.
5. The Governor shall, before be enters
on the duties of his office, take the following
oath or affirmation: "1 do s-’cmnly s«v.
or affirm (as the ease nifty lie) that I wifi
faithfully execute the office iff Govern ir ■ 1
the State of Georgia; and will, to the best
of tnv abilities, preserve protect and defend
the Constitution thereof.”
Sec. 2.—1. The Governor shall be rom
mnnder-in-chief of the army and navy of
this State, and of the militia thereof.
2. lie lihaii have {tower to grant repreive
for offences agni list the State, except inca
ses of impeachment, and to grant pardon*,
or to remit any part of a sentence, in all ca
se* after conviction, except fin- treason or
murder, in which eases he m»v respite the
execution, and make report thereof to the
next General Assembly.
3. He ahull i--’ti> writs of election* to fill
vacancies that happen in the Senate or
House of Representaitvee, and slmil have
power to convene the General Assembly on
extraordinary occasion-; and shall give
them, from time to time, information of the
state of the republic, and recommend to
their consideration such measures as he ittay
deem nect -ary and expedient. i
4. IVben any office -shall become vacant
by death or resignation, qr otherwise the
Governor shall have power to flit such va
cancy unless otherwise provided for by
law; and persons »o uj,pointed -lmll contin
ue in office until a micces-or is appointed
agreeably to the mode pointed out by this
Constitution, or by law in pursuance there
of.
5. A person once r, ‘ectod by the Sen
ate shall not lx re-appointed bv the Gover
nor to the same office during the same sea
ion, or the recess thereafter.
<!. The Govemur shall have tiie revision
af all bills passed by froth lie i-e*.
tie same s!inll bi-"Oino law- Im two-thirds
•r each House may pass a law notwithstand
ing his dissent; and if any bill should not
be returned hv the Governor within five
days (Sundays excepted) after it has been
presented to him, the same shall lie a law,
unless the General Assembly, by their nd
jnumment, Kail prevent its return. He
may approve any appropriation and di<ap
pr<i»*-niiy other appropriation in the same
bill, and the latter hall not Is* effectual un
less passed by two-third* of each House.
7. Every vote, resolution, or order, to
which the concurrence of both houses may
lie r.eceavary, except on a question of elec
tions or adjournment, shall Ik- presented to
the Governor; and before it shall take ef
fect, lie approved by hint, or dicing disa]v
proved. shall be re-pa-sed by tw.vthird* of
each House, according to the rules and lim
itations pro-rribed in ess© of a bill.
8. There sliall !«• a Secretary of State, a
Comptroller General, a Treasurer, and Sur
veyor-General, elected by the General As
sembly. and they shnll hold their offices for
the like period as tho Governor, and shall
have a competent salary, winch shall not la?
increased or diminished during the period
for which they shall have been elected. The
General Assembly may at any time consoli
date any two of there offices and require all
the duties to be discharged by oue offi
cer.
9. Tin- great seal of the State shall he
dejKisited in the office of the Secretary of
•date, and shall not lie affixed to any" in
strument of writing, but l>y order of the
Governor or General Assembly; and the
General Assembly shall, at their first ses
sion, after ti , ri rig of this convention, by
law, cause fix great seal to be altered.
Iff. The Gnvcrjlcrh shall have jsiwnr to
appoint hi*,vn S*;retarie.s, not exceeding
two iu imud&V'*
*ARTICLI TV.
Sec. I—l. Tiie judicial powers of till*
State shall ho vested iu a Supreme Court
for the correction of errors, Superior, Infe
rior, Ordinary tmd Justices’ Courts, and in
such other court* a.- have been or may be
establa-hcd by tow.
2. The (supreme Court shall consist of
three Judges, who shnll lie appointed by
the Governor with the consentedtwo-thirif*
of the Senate, Sirsnch term of years as sliall
Vie prescribed by law, and slisil rqntinne in \
office until t.iieir anccoasors shall he appoint- j
ed nml qualilinl, removable by the Gover
nor on the address of two-third* of each
branch of the Geueral Assembly, or by im- j
peachmcnt and conviction thereon.
3. The sail) Court shall have no original
jurisdiction, hut sliall be a Court alone for
the trial and correction of error* in law and j
equity from the Superior Courts of the sov- i
eral circuits, and shall sit at least once a |
year, at a time prescribed by law in each of
one or more judicial districts, designated by !
the General Assembly for that purpose, at 1
such {mint in each district ns s|,*ll by the *
General Assejnbv be ordained, for the trial 1
nnd dctcnnh.stin. of writ* of error from;
the seveiij. ocycrior Coutts included in
such judrtUi'^yrijxvs.
4. The aaiV'voftrt shall dispose of and
finally determirs every ca«c on the docket:
of such Court at the first or second term af
ter such writ of error is brought; and in
ca*e the plaintiff in error shall not lie pre
pared, at the Ursi term of such Court after
error brought, to prosecute the cause, un
less precluded by some providential cause
from such prosecution, it shall be stricken
from tbe docket, and tbo judgement below
shall stand affirmed.
(Sec. 2. 1. The Judges of the Siijierior
Courts shall he appointed in the same milli
ner ns Judges of the Supreme Court, from
the circuits in which they are to serve, for
the term of four years, nnd shall continue in
office until their successors shall lie appoint
ed and qualified, removable by the Gover
nor on the address of two-thirds of each
branch of the General Assembly, or by im
peachment and conviction thereon.
2. The Superior Court shall have exclu
sive jurisdiction in all cases of divorce, both
total and partial: but no total divorce shall
lie granted, except on the concurrent ver
dicts of two special juries. In each divorce
ra-r. the CoOTftttrt *7 regulate the rights and j
disabilities of t *• ;.*rties.
3. The Siijierior Court shall also have
exclusively juri- 'i'' on in all criminal case*,
except r- relates ». ;»oplc of color, fines for
neglect of duty, c of Court, viola
tion- of read laws, and olwtructions of wa
ter courses, the ju: reliction of which shall
l-.c vested in such judicature or tribunal as
shall be or may have been pointed by law ;
and except in all other minor offenses c un.
mitted by free white persons and which do
n.it sni jeet the offend* r or ofTenders to loss
of life. limb uaJpehiher, or to confinement
in tin IhffirJifreu-v; in all auch cases. Cor
isirali *S tv.iirts, -*tch a* now exist, or may
hereafter be constituted, in any incorporat
ed city or town, may lie vested with juris
diction. unde ' such rules and regulations a*
the Legislature may iicreaftter by tow di
reef.
4. All criminal cases shall be tried in the
county where the crime was committed, ex
cept in cases where a jury cannot, be ob
tained.
fi. The fbi;x rior ' ".irt slm'l have cx
cb’.«iv.» juris ! ’*• v ‘ n*o respecting ti
tics to janri, v .i. ii al;;;U lie fried in tin
county where the huid lire : and also in
all equity i-iine-. which shall lie tried in the
county wharc on • nr more of the defend
ant* reside, against whom substantial relief
is rra. ed.
(i. 11 sliul! have apjH'llate jurisdiction in
all such case, a* may be provided by law.
7. It shall lu’vc power to ri rrect error*
in inferior ludieafnrie< b\ wail of ctili.. *oi,
and to grant new trial* in the Superior
Court on proper aid legul ground*.
8 It shall have power to issue writ* of
mandamus, prohibition, scire facias, and all
other writ* which may he necessary for cur
ry in:. its powers. fnlU iato effect.
9. The Sup. tior and Inferior f’unrts
shill have jurisdiction in all oth
.*• civil cause*; vfJiich shall be tried ill the
count;, where the defendant ireides.
10. In ea... of roint obligors, or joint
promi—ors or riiU’rtners. or joint trrepas*-
ei re-idii gin «' . rent counties, the suit
may lie brought in either county.
!!. Incas: <•! a maker and iieior-cr or
in-! T iers of : •*rv'.**;.ry notes residing in
different, emnwii ’in this State, the *muc
may be sued in the country where the mak
er resides.
12. The Superior and Inferior Tourt'
shall *it in each county tvvire in every year
at melt stated times as have or may be rq -
[.ointcil by the Genera! Assembly.
Sec.—l. The judges simil have -al.irie
a*le(|i::*te to their ‘erviecs fixed Viy law.
which sindl not l e diminished during their
continuance in office; but “hull not receive
any other |ie:qu sites or emolitnienis what
ever, from port it*' or others, <m account of
any duty required by t hem. 1
2. There shall lie a State’s Attornoyand
Solicitors apn.iinted in the same manner as
the judges of the Supreme Court nnd com
missioned by the Governor; who shell hold
their offices for the term of four years, or
until their sucere .irs shall lie appointed anil
qualified, unless removed by sentence or I
inipenelinient. or by the Governor, on the
address of two thirds of each branch of the
General .\-*ciniJv. They nhall have sala- I
ries adequate t'.i their service* fixed by law.
which shall. _ t lie diminished during their [
continual, .’s j' r '
X. The j' the Inferior Court*'
shall lw h*< -o ia cieh county by the per
sons eiiTif's.l ' . w'e for mvm’.iers of the
General Assembly .
4. Till; .lustres of the Peare *!:n:l lie elec
ted in each" isirirt by the |>ers<ins entitled |
to vote for mciiiljors of the General Asm*:.
bly.
fi. The r* overs of a Court of Ordinary and
iff Probate, - nil lie vested in an'Ordinary
: for each county,from whose decisions there
! may be an nppesl to the Superior Court.un
j tier regulations prescribed by law. The or
dinary shall I*' « ijjf.’iv clerk of said Court,
1 and may appoint a deputy-clerk. The or
i dinary, n< clerk, nr his deputy, may issue ci
tations and grant temporary letters of u ad
ministration, to hold until permanent let
; ters are granted; and said ordinary, a*,
clerk, or his deputy, may grant ntarrige li
cense*. The ordinaries in and f.ir the res
j pcctivc counties shall be elected, ns other
county officers arc, on the first Wednesday
in January, 1804, and every fourth year
thereafter, nnd shell he commissioned by ;
the Governor fur tbe term of Sittr years. In
ease of ativ vacancy ,if said office of ordinary
front any tius- suit- same shall lie filled by
electi.Ht, as i» nr*“sided in relation to other .
county offi’rts .-.«l .’lttil the same i* filled.
! the Clerk of the Kttpicrior Court for the |
time liciug sltfilS act as clerk of said Court of;
Ordinary.
ARTICLE V.
1. The riwtors of meinlier* of the General ■
Assembly shall be free white male citizen* of
this State; stiff shall have attainetl the age
of twenty-ow year* : and hare paid all tax- j
r* whici) may hive been required of them, j
and which they have liad an opjiortunity of;
;iaying. .'tgreenlffy to iaw, for tiie year prece
ding the elocti'tn ■ anil shall have resided
six month* within the district or coun
tv.
i
2, AH nLiCtions by the General As -tably
sliall be and whet: the ,Seriate
and lintiM' of lU»|®toqntiitives unite for the
purpiiae of electing, they-, 4jial) meet in the
Representative chamber, anil' the President
of the Senate ahall in Well l '>W|ggiAj|Wl
declare the person or person* elected,
S. In all elections by the jieople, the elec
tor* shall vote by ballot, until the General
Assembly shall otherwise direct.
4. All civil officers ahall continue in the
exercise of the duties of their several offices,
during the periods for which they were ap
pointed, or until they shall be nopcrucdcd by
appointment* made in conformity with this
Constitution; mid all law* now in force
idm" euoffhwe to operate, so far as they are
cviuarftilde wfljb this Constitution until they
shall expire, lid-altered or repealed ; and it
slqau be th%iktty of the General Assembly
tp pass all nejswarv low* and icgiilations for
(frying thiffConstitution into full effect.
All iqthtia mid comity officers sliall be
elected yi»y the {SKiplc in such manner n*
the liiticral Assembly nmy by law di
rect...
fi. This Constitution shall be nmended on
ly by a Convention of the people called for
that purpose.
7. This Constitution shall not take ef
fect until the sumo is ratified by the people.
And to this end, there shall lie an election
held at all the places of public election in
tliis State, on the Ist Tuesday in July. 18fil,
when all the citizens of this State entitled
to vote for Governor, shall cast their ballots
either for “Ratification” or “No ratifica
tion." The election shnll be conducted in
the same manner n* general elections, and
the return* shall be m ule to the Governor.
If n majority of the votes cast shall fie for
Ratification, the Governor shall bv procla
mation declare this Constitution adopted by
the people. But if for So Ratification, that
fart shall lie proclaimed by the Governor
and this Constitution shall have no effect
whatever.
Done in Convention of the Delegates of
the people of t'te State of Georgia, at Savan
nah, on the 23d day of March, in the year
of our Lord eighteen hundred and sixty
one.
Tn testimony whereof the President of
said Convention has hereunto set lire hand,
and eased the same to be attested by the
Secretary thereof.
TIIE UNION
IS DISSOLVED!
SIIA L L WHITE MEN li VI. E
The South i
The Newspaper for
THE TIMES l
THE
Independent South,
FORIB6L
Wilson Kick, ) ..
j hill tor.
I'lir. IMIIJ’IADIAT HOtTTI!
i. c«toMhibe<« to K<|vof*;Uo full} - hid* feurlcwlr
The TREE SOVTHERN Senti
ment, resentiur/ the 1 nmihs and
llfjieil in if the of
Qrtjttn iz< <1 A exioim.
The South w as the first paper
iu the Stitt<’ to tnkc u hold,
INDEPENDENT Portion,
irrespedive of i J s»rty Clique
or Faction, aiit! will-fill pur*
sue a straight forward course.
Atlvoeatinj the lii'/ht .*■ and
Interest* oj the.
Southern Ktates.
THE / XVEPry&EXT t'OVTH. will give
all Ihu Ncwn bolh, Foreign aiul I’ouiuAlic.
THE IN'i)I.I’EX!)EXT SOUTH,
for 1861,
Will He great!r fereril n»-w featnrr««
ftdiihl, making it tin* !*.KST
Family Paper lublislicdl!
Tt will give more Ron nn’for, than ary other
; country jupcr in thi- State T{ w ;il «miHin I t (ton
'on Ltluratioiu A jrnciilti»re. Kec je f« r Conking,
, mi. l ranking M iernl vahml i l n * ful Hrtioi* -,
i t!imt are nwe* wry in every fninily. Tull nml c**r
reet rrjM>rti* «:f the ilnrhctf will he friveti Weekly.
i SUBSCRIPTION TRICK, *2,00,
PER ANNUM,
-■strictly In Advance.
I Addrw*. ‘ IXPEPLX DENT SO IT IT.
! Janmtrv f*th 1861. W'aync!*l».*ro, (ia.
| SAVANNAH >loßnTng"~
NEWS,
Daily, Trl-Wcokiy A Weekly.
Dally Morning News, 8(> per'annum,
IN ADVANCE.
Trl-Wecity Mornliig \cvvs,
(FOR TIIFi C'H NTUY.|
! i’ublishcd every Monuay Wedtte-dny and
Friday, at jiff per unm m, in advance.
Weekly Newts —Published every Sat
urday, at S2 jier annum, always in advance.
Aware of the great interest that will be
felt by tbe renders of tbe Duly Morning
AVire "throughout the Sooth in the ptuceed
! ings of the Congress at Montgomery, we
have made arrangements to lay before them
1 onr usually full and reliable report, one day
! in luiawcr of r.ny u'krr in Si munch. —.
While our space would not permit the pub
1 beat ion of the entire proceeding* at length,
i our special reporter will promptly transmit
i to as very full reports of such portions of,
j the debate* as tuny be of a character likel v I
1 to influence the fortunes of the new Confcd- j
eracy.
In this connection we desire to call atten
-1 tion to the very full au.l interesting special j
despatches from Washington, Charleston, -
New Orleans and elsew here, which have
appeared and arc now appearing in our col
umns. Our arrangements are such as en
sure n* a continuance of these sjiecial tele
grams—a feature of which no other pa|teriu
tbe State ran boast. Wt- are determined to
spare neither pains nor expense to make the i
.Vor* the most desirable paper in the State, ‘
and the very large accessions to our suit-1
scription list within the past two months
encourage us to believe that our exertion* 1
are proving successful,
We are still supplying tiie Doily A’**" at!
fifty cents a month, for any length iff' time.
The money must acoompanv the order in cl! 1
cases. Address TIUKItIQRK BI.OIS,
Feb. 11, 1861. Sirannah, <ia.;
PLUMB & LEfTNER,
212 212
Broad Strf.et. .
Tast-Offct Corner. ~S 1 --- IWftf Afoot*.
DRUGGISTS & APOTHECARIES,
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.
We refpectfuJJy invite the attention of Merchant*, Planters, and Phyncians, to out
large and vveli-allbrted stock of
UNADULTER AT E D MEDI CI NE S!
Chemicals, Drugs, Paints, Oils,
And all other articles in our line. We feel allured that no houfc in t'.e'S uh ran
offer a stock superior to ours in isExr. akd pt itirv , ai.i. omcrtU rf,:-
FAaATioNs being made in strict accordame with the Forn.ttlas « the
UNITED STATES PHARMACOPCE) A,
With the Best Materia!, and by the Prefer I/\ , ; ti and Ate. - ..-ret.
Onr Stock of DENTAL and SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS is fa!., end cur
arrangements with the best manufacturers, for procuring fuppiies at the ihorteK
notice, arc unequalled. \vc arc Agents for the best brands in the country of
WHITE LEAD and ZINC WHITE.
The finest PERFUMERY, and choicest ARTICLES fir tie TOILETTE
in great variety, may always be found in our stuck. We keep alwavs
on hand a large stock of the best brands of
French and German Glass,
For W ir.dows, Picture-Frames, Ac. Ac.
FRESH GARDEN, GRASS AND FIELD SEEDS,
From the test Growers, in Large quanties, at : : • t tt.tfsn.
Feeling confident that we can furuifii our cu ton: u'h th • t articles, cn
reasonable terms, we respectfully, solicit ordets, and jh.-dge . uriclvv :o fill them
with fidelity and dispatch.
If any article Ihould not prove to be prcc: ,!v re ■ vcf’ di feel
thankful to have it returned at our ext tnfe, end the in.: w ... rtu ’.
PLUMB lx LILITNER,
AUGUST.:, GEORGIA.
Nov. 14, 1860. Cm
i'Oni'ni t OLI .Hi;, laOtK
ONIY ?4 DAILY SOl-TII OF VIRBINLV:
AUGI'STA
piper rnten and on i:* 1 -iirlh X'o’tmi * or.
1 the bth of Jiuutxry. Jtf'Mf-r < hn« f*«trha{"<
burn un{Mirnli«fd In th'’ of .Fotirn di-ii;
Its fircubltiou i:iv-t'rpr**!»tMl by i.ny pajwr bc
tvrffien ChitrJw’tou and Mt inpbiM
In charnctor it i« nn Mjf.jtp<»k«n. indcpondunt
Southern Right p«j*er th* •• *»tn oi ih>
I* i* do voted to (iciififil Nnw and J•* * j»• t
ItitvSHgvuce And j n—nt a rtdiuhip
ol xewn, «/• ihured front Trlogniphi*
and SjwvLil Rojtorl#, and also a careful jicouiu
of the Atig*n»t:» Morkct.
The hiM-AT' ii i- mj wt !‘ known fh.it r • do • *
coiuider it to puFli b iht* cud*»? •
which our appruciatiro fri.*nj? havo c *Jcit I« ! it
Wc inigh’add column-of fostiinonial; froui u .« i
il»g Jounutlx fhrmigfcoul tfc« .-otith.
oi w WKr;sii*v.
Wo cffiitii*'i“ to «ffor our hr:' ornl bonuMfol
Weekly to f’ltiE «t Sio-!. ©t.’.il
We enrnestlv npjHfjiU to our friends t<» aH in •;»» .
ing thir puper 20,0t‘D mdi -rlhury l.tt -i '
who i.* tnkiur a ehcnp Weekly from übr *t I
makeup a club for the I>isi*at< h.
SlK'dWCIi a pi' - Wilt ..I: *■>.:,i:- ':.*r..
.« A. ATKI.V'O.'., f’r. ! rtotnr.
August a. <*>*., Mnrch JT, I'lt’.O.
I>l )IjT I K >N.
i"'HE C*>-I’*irtavnbiti herp:r.f..r-j sibling hrtwsvr
! M.AP.C IIKIXIMIV. is ;hi 'l-.v :|i ■ !,«•.[ I.*
mtilut’.f cin-oiii VII j. -r-.n. i«r|?rt..-t p, li I
Kirin nr- rm t n*-*. ! t > o*.m» p.ra.ir i an ! msk.- ~:*
me.lia't: pavin-:,! by cit.-ii. to I M Ilatv ' -r
ihfir ::*>** ** an I tlcrnnnu will hr I*l * tin the in ni
of un oifincr fur culiuciiua. bv tin* ■ir-i t : of '.pr:'
IS4I ‘ I M LltiNtCN
March 13, 1301. «. C JfUl.N't X,
NOTH IE
r uudcraUrnc l w<»ul 1 r«*-y inf- rm hu
1 old eu-tom«*r»i and the public gencml’y, th.it
he hrp« ou hand u good ffiatorttnisat of
DllY GOOES and GROCERIES,
HootP, Phow, ll.tli* mvi C«[u. at thfi ol 1 ir.«s n** r
the five mile ponton th*’ Vugutiln A vanuuh K fl.
Whore he will oonUnuc the buun* • h,
i M itiaN-’oy.
ronrch 21, 18U1. .' i #
AUGUSTA Hi TEL,
AUGUSTA GEORGIA.
W. E. WITEELOCE,
PR< >PIiIETOJE
j March 4 uh. ISfil.
j COURT CALENDER, Ol THE
MIDDLE DISTRICT.
\ Judge — Wm. \V. Holt. Autism.
| Attorney Gera eul —W. P. John.soN.
Ocr.KTiKS. Time ok Sks.-i.-ns.
| I)nrk#-?.l Monday in M:iv «u-l .NovciDkr.
i ColumHiu -l#t Jloniny iml Murtii nnd >t |/t« inher
| Kntfumoi—4ib Momlny in Mnrch »ml Se;*tcmb«i .
1 .KTcntou—3d Monday in \pnluxr.l 0.-toln r.
! Johimm—2d Monday in Jura* nil December.
! Richmond —4th Monday in January tad June,
j Scrivon—2d Mondiiy in Vj»rii ami UofoUor.
| \Ur.<fbingtou—2d Moudey iu March «it ! Soptemhoj
vu rm:, i»» Ut’btora and ere Itonu
thfMC indebted to iiii.'ery T. Mchcnaii! Uu
j of Hurkc County, decco«*d nre rr*tjue«tc<i »*■ make
| immediate payment*, and ail perjou* having de
j mamlt* againnt the «ni(i ticcc’wed, iuu»t pre-in'
! tooir cUiint< in tonne of th« Inw
SARAH A M I OX ALI),
March 21, Adm:,,uttrtUrix.
i WAYNESBORO, GEORGIA.
G'HL UM)KRMt.M;i) WOl l.lt H.-
j JL specif ally iufurm thuir *dd cutoibit.' mid the
I public gdia. jlly, that they have located in
| U ayneeiHiro. überethey are. prepared t»» Manu
f.vtuifc nil kto«l> of ChTri*gos, Doggie*. Hocka
wsys ami Coaches, of the be*t material aud by
first rate workmen
Waßffuu*, with Wood or Iron nxica, made to or.
dor, at short not ice.
iloTse-fthoeing and PiauvAtion work, dun® hy
i experienced Smith".
ALS O ,
Slagle naff double IlaraeM, for .tale low. All
union, fillm! at short r.otloe and in the neatest
style. Aiul all w irk warrentod.
They eetnrn their Ihaitkito their obi ea*tome»
for ,he very liberal patronage LeretoJW he. I
rtowe.l upon th“ta, and hope to reuetvc a run tine
ati.m of the ratne.
Rv?” H -pffring diftw with »nff lir
petch. J. * 4. ATT A WAT.
Mareii 17,1561. !y
J-EITIZIBAl!
Hitis! SCHOOL,
At BHOT:OCi^SVi3^Iu.IJ t GA.
j M AIjK AM) VK W A I/K.
j V T SAVD'KI), A. A' IV r:« : le,
I. !.. \ 1. aZKV, A *d UtiMr/.
M I -a HJI t rnplov-.d • A silior -Uiitdingi
I.' i oe-ln Vd MotvUv U T ihrunrv.
TI IT H)V : vi. > of. —. , U : -;cr, ne
vliHiirtfi Mhai Lie Tiur.o. ,a! 'le.i>;tH cn-f
h- j -I .id. v v n.-.-i tio enmed
ot' the pit* lie.
Tn lutdif .UI, 11. am 1 »*h nL • > f-Lru ov •
\\ I. IxILPAii: y.\ ■ - atirr.
i 01 Ll-E,
iCiiJEAMi' if r,«:.. .»<
\\At/:i:i; a p. . -,i
Tb» In- Tini.il. i si<nwto.T .-.•* mile ;:n - *i
q».urt.:r tr..m J).*: ■ . Hall •:.*.! < ty, U.i .in a
lb:' 1 'ne ■ : it-. * :! • * • Vi «rt
' **. I•. • rr| «II be <e 1 -.il , .it |:ri luoi..*. vn
IP- m.«t aec.*u st.v.'.brti n:.
further I Irt, a*ilt.-: i’ri.. ins!,
r *.l M i!, in. !b
Land &
roi; ■ 'AI ;'.
rpHF. liiii!i i-.'gi,i-.i' Oth-I- : r
l cui’i-tasices it; • . *ai «.f his no -r
Stockoi' «li"oii.;, . a 1 iic'trar* f isnt
contain. - 1_: • - m.n * lc- . 1 u
the v. :i rsi’ftl.T _..t :n:ic Trane: in Lev--.-
Cntintv in i.l lioinn/ !#h»is of -i. A. i-- r.
.Col. J..: .-- Grul.s, «i.. V r Mr. I'.i’i r
and ut iicrs. ii3‘>ut rnTc- ami i’i
uill »oli with the lain. ' «•:• 20 Ncgt* < ,
l or l.'i work liiimia r*.>-il * ■ an i li’kc!’..
14 hcftilof Wtile* and ii r- '• . i•: • . !* : .
St.sd. llogs and I’lanta: i.-ii 1* is iff j.ii ki;-i,-.
j There i a c.mm n l.'in t! -n li i ,
ag'ssi ''«'r. w, com flirt:*'.; I ’!” .*. cut
sei r's H its c nnd six now 'ranu- 1
re 111 by 2>* fiH’t. ]* -.- !..n ; ivc: a: cm
time, an appro’. .•:! j>u: an d.: ■*li k-.vo i.ii .v. a
titnc to pal Or it : say t.v. t t. u * are.
l’er-.in* dreii*ni’ iff i.. ; sncii a pnr
. Jut - may find it to their interest to call
and examine the prc.iH’rtv.
L. If .DCKS.
Eebruat 1 -
’i' ii E
,90 UTIIUUX ('OXFiWEIiA CY.
—in'—
a. ais\z:z.
ATLANTA. '
r rilE Dai*.'. > ”i: i;v Vw, r , ind r ar-
I riingc. .c**ii- ;>• tuple; i.tvi.. • : ii»a!) th»
intelligeiico of po-r kind. 1 e:«prv«»>
»y for u> h\ M.iguai" | :• -Mail'
Also, dkilv n pirtacfth ■AL ... ; s ■ . Mu:k
--i otr, Local Incidents ard Ifcmi* «-
Fricp-t') it jr«af j si\uion:L or 50 cent«
for oue month—iklwnys; in a4kJiticc
The WeffiKLT S>rtHgßX C-itnij: -a i* mado
up from, ffiiui eontouw the cr mos tbe Daily. It
h a Urge ?h»*jt, and give* »nor*» fre and; rer* Dug mat
ter, than nay other Weekly in the ( Vdereto
State* lb 31 irkot KcjrtH* wi!! be full, .* ! umdu
up from actual traTvactno*. Trice 8- a*, ear; or
hi ‘25 for six ni rntSte—invariably *si edvauee.
t I > o*taia«f"rf. are authariird t-* a* oar
Agent* in obtaining mbsertherimn'i forwHrdingJhe
money—for which they will hu allowed ?. retain,
a* (Mtnmummi. twenty-five cents on each Weekly,
or tfiv eeoh un each f »aslv sulMcriber.
RffiT P.’i tn. j*-:t:riz up Club, of fiv,. ten or
mein-sulm..-rit*t'r.*, nil! f* sipi-tfsf nih tli' c-ibo-.
ordunof at !4 j [t-r *■ -nl, !■ than n:.r 11*5,1:111
Cc/** No name iviii tit* cateml ortut «*.k* usiq
til too money ia paid; and *!! wpsoripc.ne are
dwriutiaue.f ah.'i. thv timo nspiree * r fciii.-h pay
i» maito, uafeiw tiie esmo In rti'.ownrt
Ass irms., UANLKITR.H A A1 >AtF!. *
April 3. 1461. Atlavta Oooreffk, ’
ft LfIRQU. RnrUc County .—Whereas.
IT William !f Mills Administrator of-St.-pien
MilW. lata of saiff t'nanty linos-" if. *-j U> qo
for Lot tore ! l:-inin**ry fr.m: wiiff Easts.
Tbrec nrc tbcr.-fon,-. te cite stiff ad.nonisli ali anil
eibguiar tbe kinffreff a.-iff oi.'ffiiors end »!l other
jwre"ini* intemleff, to be ami appoor licfma tbo
tiiiort of Orffiaary on tbo fret A! r.ffa/ in .iwt
next, enff »!c>t r'lu-r-. if any they h-iro, rby -si.l
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