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2 f I A ' --'■k /fl W^ 5 " -•*Z/> • |HI?, / AW " - We solicit articles for this department. The name of the writer should accompany the letter or article, not necessarily for publication, but as an evidence of good taith. Questions and communications relative to agricultural and horticultural subjects, if addressed to Agri. Editor, Drawer N, Milledgeville, Ga., will receive immediate attention. Sweet Potatoes lntercultural Ma nuring. I have about one acre in sweet potatoes. I cut off oats on this land early in June, and owing to the dry weather they did not yield over six or seven bushels per acre, when I expected at least twenty. I bedded up the land a week after cutting the oats, and dry as it was, I set out po tato plants on the freshly bedded land. I watered each plant well, taking about a week (in the afternoons) to set out the acre. By treading the plants firmly in and watering, only a small per cent, of the plants failed to live. On account of the dry weather and as the result of waiting for a rain that did not come, I allowed my plants to stay in the beds until many of them had vines three feet long. Others were stunted and sickly looking. With rain in a reasonable time now I hope to make a good crop, but probably nothing like I would have made if I could have set out the plants at the proper time. I wish to ask if it would pay me to bar off the potatoes, running as close as pos sible and apply some good commercial fertilizer in these furrows? I do not think the land is rich enough to make seventy-five bushels of potatoes per acre, and I would like to make two or three times this much of it were possible to do it. As the potatoes have managed to live thus far. I hope they will makeup for lost time when it does rain. R. F. C. If your land is not sufficiently rich to make a large crop of potatoes, it is quite possible to supply some fertilizer now that will greatly increase the crop. It is more than likely, however, that when the rain comes you will find that your pota toes will grow off very rapidly, especially * if you have stirred the soil shallow once or twice during the drought. Sweet potatoes require but a small quantity of nitrogen or ammonia, but they do not need the mineral elements and if these are available, your potatoes will need only good, shallow cultivation to produce a crop of 200 or 800 bushels. No doubt you have noticed how crops grow off after a drought when they have been well cul tivated during the drought. Any good, complete fertilizer, 200 or 300 pounds, applied in the siding furrows, would most likely increase the yield to an extent considerably above the cost of the manure. If our farmers in the inter tor had access to such materials, we should almost always advise the use of fine bone dust (raw bone) and cotton hull ashes, two parts of the first to one part of the latter, bOO or 400 pounds of the mix ture to the acre, but we are well aware very few *armers are able to procure these materials from their local dealers. The great mass of our farmers buy their fertilizers on a credit, and as a rule they take whatever fertilizer the dealer keeps in stock, which usually is the kind he can make the most money out of without very much regard to its quality or the good it will do the farmer. • I It is rarely the case that stable manure is a good thing to use on sweet potatoes, and we should never use it only as a last resort and then only after it had been made into compost with mineral elements. Pure bone dust and ashes constitute the very best fertilizer for sweet potatoes, if properly applied early in the season. When applied after the crop has been Started, some good ammoniated super phosphate with 7 or 8 per cent, of potash is • bout as good as anything. A superphos- Ehate with 2or 3 per cent, of ammonia is etter than one with more ammonia. Rank nitrogenous manure is not good for potatoes. As a rule, they do best after tome previous crop that has been well manured. The largest crops of sweet po tatoes are usually grown by truckers, who plant them on land that has borne a crop of early vegetables—peas or onions, or other crop that is taken out of the way by June 1. We have made fine crops of sweet pota toes after a crop of Irish potatoes that had been highly manured early in the season. Help Us. When you see a question in this depart ment of the News and your experience enables you to answer it more satis factorily than the editor has been able to do, do not keep silent under the in fluence of a false idea of propriety, but give us your views of the subject right • way. It requires an encyclonedia, you know, to answer every question, and the Combined knowledge of all of our readers constitute a very excellent farmer’s ency clopedia. Have you gleaned any informa tion of practical value this season I What did you learn about the value of culti vating in dry wfiather? To Our Farmer and Gardener Headers. This department of the Morning News is intended as an ‘‘exchange” for you. We trust each reader of this page (and we found out long ago that there are interested readers by the hundreds) will Bend us some item that will be of interest •nd value to the practical farmer or gardener. Every farmer and gardener possesses some valuable information that no other possesses, and he should not keep it all to himself. It is only fair to make an exchange of this information. Send us an article on the topic that in terests you the most, and see if you do not please and help somebody. You are bound to do it. Scab by Irish Potatoes—How to Treat to Make Good Seed. Very few people are willing to buy •cabby potatoes for table use, and the market gardener or trucker will find it a poor business to attempt to sell such po tatoes. As a remedy has been found that will almost completely prevent scab and as it is so simple, too, there is hardly any excuse for raising scabby potatoes. The Michigan experiment station made •ome conclusive experiments the past season in respect to this matter with this result, which merely proves tests pre viously made by others. It was found that scabby potatoes in tended for seed when soaked for I’g to 2 hours in a solution of corrosive sublimate with the strength of one ounce of it dis solved in twelve to fifteen gallons of water produced a crop of potatoes very nearly free from scabby tubers whereas the same sded untreated produced pota toes that were infested with scab to the extent of 35 to 70 per cent. These exper iments are fully set forth in bulletin No. 108, recently issued. Sheep for the South. One is met at the threshold of the sub ject I have chosen with a sneer, says Dr. Galen Wilson, in Farm and Fireside, per haps, and the remark, “Don’t you know tariff tinkering has ruined the sheep in dustry and everybody is getting out of it? Wool is only 15 cents a pound.” Well, what of it? What is the price of hair? Wool sells for as much as that, doesn’t it? People grow cattle purposely for beef to eat and nothing is ever said about their hair. Now, meat is considered by most per sons as a necessary part of their diet. It is generally considered that meat of the sheep is more nutritious than that of cattle; it is more tender, more whole some, does not waste away so much in cooking, is generally liked better and usually brings more in market; and to cap the climax, it - has been proven by careful, scientific experiment that, dis carding wool from the account entirely, a pound of mutton can be grown cheaper than a pound of beef. Now, as long as people eat meat the sheep industry is not ruined; and until cattle grow wool in stead of hair, sheep certainly should take precedence. The farmer who keeps sheep has a cer tain convenience that I do not remember of having seen noted. He does not wish to confine his family and help to a salt meat diet in the busy season of summer. It would not pay to slaughter a beef; then, to secure a change of salt to fresh he must either purchase of traveling butchers, who invariably sell the best pieces in town and offer the farmer bone and gristle, or he must hitch up a team and drive to town himself. In either he has to pay the cash, which it is not al ways convenient to do. How much better it would be for him to keep a flock of sheep and slaughter a fat lamb when fresh meat became desirable. A lamb can be utilzed fresh in an ordinary family in warm weather, and a beef can not. Having, as I believe, dispelled the idea that “sheep don’t pay”—if any reader still entertained such belief—l will pro ceed in line with my text. The southern part of the United States is on the same parallels of latitude in which sheep flour ish best in the eastern hemisphere. This is assurance that the climate here is right for these animals. The government re port states, I believe, that only about 50 percent, of the south is occupied by farms, or farmers; and everybody knows that as a rule only a small portion of each is tilled. Open ranges, and some of them vary extensive, exist in every direction, and there is nothing to occupy them. They may be called stockless with much more of truth than a certain public man is facetiously called “sockless.” Most of the ranges are wooded more or less, of course, but I have it from many correspondents that where the under growth is kept subdued grasses will cover the surface. I know of a pine forest of 1,400 acres where years ago blue-grass seed was sown on a portion of it. It has spread all over and on adjoining lands and now the territory is beautifully set in blue and Bermuda grasses clear up to the trunks of the trees, furnishing pasturage the year around. Lespedeza, or Japan clover, is another grazing plant of great value there. A southern professor of agriculture reported that he had seen Lespedeza knee kigh in a thicket of small timber, so dense he could hardly get through. From correspondents I learn that sheep are almost entirely free from diseases. They are troubled some from external parasites, but dipping, as in the north, would remedy that. All sheep should be dipped twiqe a year. I have it from an agricultural editor of Mobile, that the “Lower South,” which embraces a belt from the Mississippi river to the Atlantic ocean, and one hundred and fifty miles wide from the Gulf of Mexico north, is entirely free from burrs that adhere and litter up wool. There are but very few sheep in the south, and these are mainly natives, and they are doing well considering the al most entire want of care. To gather them once a year for shearing and attend ing to the lambs is about the extent of the attention they got. With this equable sheep climate, lands at $2 to $lO an acre and extensive- open ranges, it is an ideal sheep country. The subject is so broad that only the main points can be stated in this “trial trip” communica tion. Cowpea for Feeding. A prominent agriculturist in the south says of the cowpea: “For the produc tion of a nitrogenous food >in the shape of a forage crop the cowpea vines are almost without a rival. * * * On an acre of ordinary land this crop will probably produce more digestible food than either oats or corn. The manure resulting from feeding this crop is of the highest value, and should be carefully preserved and returned to the land.” At the Rhode Island Experiment sta tion a crop of 17X tons of green cowpea forage was harvested. This contained 157>> pounds of nitrogen, which at 15 cents per pouna would make the crop worth $23.63 per acre for green manuring. At $3 per ton the 17% tons would be worth $52.50 for feeding, and there will be less than one-third of the fertilizing ingredients lost in feeding the crop. vV hat has been said of the above crops applies with equal force to other crops commonly used for green manuring. The matter resolves itself into this, that on medium and better classes of soils green manuring is not as profitable as feeding the crop. Wheh the crop is fed the stub ble and roots are left to the soil, and they together with the manure enrich the soil in fertilizing materials and in humus to very nearly the same extent as plow ing the whole crop under. With the ex ception of perhaps one-fourth of the fer tiiing materials, the soil shares all the advantages to be abtained from green manuring when the crop is fed and the manure preserved. More labor is involved in feeding, but in return more milk and more beef are made, or the purchase of expensive grain is largely avoided. In a rational system of farming not a single pound of protein which can be used as food for stock should be plowed into the soil. Os course there are condi tions under which green manuring is to be recommended in preference to feeding the crop, and unfortunately such condi tions prevail at present over a considera ble part of this country. Unless the manure is carefully collected and pre served. the advantages from feeding disappear to a large extent. In some sec tions of the country, even where manures are at present necessary, little or no care is taken of the barnyard manure. A large proportion of the fertilizing and humus forming ingredients is lost.either through leaching, surface-washing, or fer mentation and decay. The farmer who permits this waste, whether through ignorance or carelessness, is sure to feel the loss either in diminished crops or in increased bills for fertilizers. The tarnyard manure should be as scrupu lously' cared for as any other farm pro duct. It has been shown in experiments in the east in growing stock for beef, mut ton and pork, that a very large proportion of the profit was in the manure. If the value of the manure was left out of the account there was little or no profit from the operation. If the manure was valued at current rates for fertilizing materials a fair profit was apparent.—Farmers’ Bul letin No, 16, N. D. A. THE WEEKLY NEWS (TWO-TIMES-A-WEEK): THURSDAY, JUNE 28, 1894. The Peanut Crop. • The perfection of the Virginia peanut is well known, says the Texas Farmer. It is noted for its large size and its bright, clear color. A very important element foi* the production of this superior article is an abundance of shell lime, and this, *jrtunately. is easily obtained from the seacoast. Many villages in the south side tidewater counties have their kilns for supplying this necessary article, and the price has been greatly reduced. An av erage application of shell lime is about 1,000 pounds per acre, varying in quantity as the crops have been rotated. It is usually ap plied in connection with seasoned muck in the row and well worked in. but if there has been delay in securing the lime it is applied as a top dressing along the row. The various brands of commer cial fertilizers are also employed with more or less success, generally at the rate of about 200 pounds to the acre. i On light uplands 'planting begins about May 1, but good nuts have been made from replanting as late as June 18. □ After the plant gets up it requires a great deal of moisture, and it is well to sprinkle land plaster along the row to as sist it in collecting the needed element. Replanting should be attended to at once, and at the same time trim and -scrape the row with a hoe and cut out the grass, if any. The after cultivation consists in an al ternate plowing toward and from the plants, with hoe work accompanying this each time. The ends of the vines should be broken up at each cultivation to pre vent the limbs throwing out needles, and thus wasting the vitality of the vines in attempts to form nuts at the ends of these tentacles. The vigor of the plant should be expended in making and developing well-grown nuts around the stem. About Aug. 1 to 10 the plants are “laid by.” Plants from which seed is to be saved ought to be dug before the frost withers them much. Then let thembe thoroughly dried before they are shocked to prevent the nuts from being damaged by heating or molding, says a Virginia planter, who communicated the foregoing to the Flor ida Farmer: The main crop is dug about Oct. Ito 10. The plants are rooted out with a plow and then turned over so as to be bottom side up, in order that the sun may dry them out thoroughly. They ought to be dried at least one day. The shocl: is made around a stick set in the ground. Care should be taken to lock each vine around the stick, making the shock a little higher than a man and about the size of a barrel. They should remain in shock about two weeks, and when taken down the nuts should be immediately picked off. Pleasures of Amateur Gardening. One of the first inducements I had to shake off the dust of the city after busi ness hours and endure fifteen or twenty consecutive miles of railway dust for the sake of a home in the country, was the privilege of living in a house which had windows in all four sides, says John Hao berton in Milwaukee Sentinel. Some of my acquaintances have such houses in the city, for they also have big bank ac counts and bundles of first mortgage bonds; but I got my house at a smaller rental than I was paying for a stuffy flat in town. The second inducement was in timately connected with the aforesaid wealth of windows—l could fill the house all winter long with color and perfume at a cost so ridiculously small that it was not worth considering. I know that amateur gardening is popu larly supposed to be a diversion for old maids and invalids, yet it was not only a month or two ago that Bismarck told an interviewer of the delight he had always found in fussing over flowering plants, and expressed his obligations to the his torians Bancroft and Motley for points in horticulture. The best American rose, the glorious “American Beauty,” was originated by Bancroft, and for one of our finest lilies, the Barkmauni, we are in debted to the historian Parkman. Where such famous men have persistently trod, no foot need fear to venture. My own window gardening began a quarter of a century ago*, it was success ful and cheap from the first, and became cheaper as time rolled on, until now I can fill all my windows with bloom from Christmas to Easter for the money I used to pay for a brief and modest show. I was spared the amateur’s customary blunder of experimenting with coy ana costly bloomers by a picturesque Dutch man, who told me that for winter use in doors the so-called Holland bulbs—the hyacinth, narcissus and tulip—gave a hundred times as much color and perfume for a given amount of money as anything that the most expensive florists could supply, and that the bulbs were so simple of botanical structure that they were obliged to bloom at their appointed time, whether they were in dark rooms or light, warm rooms or cold, unless first roasted to death or killed by thirst. I have cut flowers from bulbs in dimly lighted cellars, and from windows into which the sun never shone. I found my adviser's statement literally true. The only additional caution he gave me was that the soil in which the bulbs were planted should be very rich and light, but by mixing street sweepings and sand in equal parts, I achieved success from the first. Later, I had better luck by using leaf mold, sand and well-rotted manure in equal quantities. Destroying Out Worms. Onfe of the chief evils which the culti vator of melons and cucumbers suffers is from the ravages of cut worms. They work chiefly at night or in very early morning, coming to the surface and traveling above ground until they reach their favorite plant, which they proceed to cut down at the surface of the ground. The best way to destroy these pests is to make small hollows around the plants it is desired to protect, and fill them with wheat bran, into which a due proportion of Paris green has been mixed. The cut worm is very fond of wheat bran, and will continue to eat until the poison does its work. This remedy cannot be used where the fowls have full range, for it will poison them as well as the worms. The cut worm prefers wheat bran to any vegetable. It may pay to place wheat bran without the poison near the plants, for the purpose of diverting the attention of the cut worms, and feeding them on something less expensive than valuable plants. But it is best to poison the pests wherever it is safe to do so. Money From Herbs. The common sweet herbs, whose seeds are advertised in all the gardener’s cata logues, are not so generally grown as they ought to be. Most farmers grow a few, and from beds a few feet square they will cut what would cost them several dollars to purchase. It is strange that more of them do not take the hint and grow a surplus for mar ket. All are easily grown, the best way being to start them early in hot beds and transplant when they' get to be three or four inches high. This transplanting is important, for it helps to make the plants stocky. By having plants started early, and of some size when transplanted, the labor of keeping the bed free from weeds is greatly lessened. The herb crop is, never a glut on the market, for if the herbs will not sell while green there is always in winter a good demand for them in their dried state. The grower can sell for half the price that the retailer charges, and make better profit than from most other garden vegetables. Scraps From Here and There. “A veteran peach grower says that most peach growers make the mistake of growing too many varieties for market There are a few leading standard varie ties that produce and sell better than any others through a series of years, and when these are secured it is a waste of time, money and land to bother with less profitable ones.” . >:■ * * # WHEAT for laying hens. “Pure, clean wheat will make hens la.v; it will also make them fat if you feed too much of it. A few handfuls in the inter val between the fixed times for feeding is good; three times a week is often enough —variety is essential to a healthy flock, and grain alone must never be the con stant feed. We never would feed screen ings; think it pays best to feed clean, sound old wheat. Experience is our basis for saying this.*’ * . * * ' .. .. . . “There is one material for enriching the soil, which is especially provided by nature, and that is homemade manure. The sensible farmer follows nature’s recommendation, and saves and applies it to the utmost possible extent. The fool ish farmer overlooks it, and goes to town and spends his hard-earned wealth for commercial fertilizers.” * * * PLANT SOME PEACH TREES. We believe that peaches can be grown in all localities where they used to flourish when the country was new. It is found that they are not injured during severe winters when their wood and buds are well ripened, and this depends more on having plenty of potash in the soil than on anything else. Peaches need a great amount Os potash. Even peach wood is rich in this mineral, and the fruit and seeds are still more so. Plant peach trees and give them as much potash as they had when the forest had been newly cleared off, and there will be a return of the old-time “luck” in growing this fruit. * * * FEEDING YOUNG PIGS. “There is no harm in giving young pigs plenty ' to eat, provided it is the right kind of food for growth, with compara tively little of fat-forming material in its composition. The pig always begins right. The sow’s milk is excellent for growth, and for the first day or two, while weak, the pig takes its food in small quantities and often. It is about the time the pig is one or two weeks old that its dam’s milk becomes insufficient. The age depends on the size of the litter and the milk-producing capac ity of the sow. If stunted at the time the sow’s milk becomes too little for them the pigs never after recover all that is then lost.” * * * “Th? Sharpless is not our best straw berry by a gread deal, but it is an ex cellent variety to set among those which do not pollenize themselves, as it remains a long time in bloom and is well supplied with pollen. The Worden and the Brighton grape do better when planted near the Concords or some other varieties than when planted alone. The reason is that alone they are deficient in pollenization, While there are not as many grapes that need other varieties to furnish pollen for their blossoms as there are strawberries, yet there are many that would give a better yield when among others than in plots alone, and some experienced grower should give us a list of such varieties and of those that should be planted with them. The same thing is true of pears, and perhaps of other fruits. One who had the op portunity to carefully examine a number of kinds could easily make out a list, while the list that we could make from personal experience would be a short one. —Ex. x- « * “The most formidable competitor of American cotton manufacturers is likely to be found in Japan. With wages 16 cents per oday for men and 8 cents a day for women, the profits of cotton manufacturing in that country are enor mous. The New York Commercial Bul letin publishes some statistics showing the rapid growth of Japanese cotton man ufacturing. In 1880 there were twtly four spinning mitfto. By 1886 el«vsn more had been added, and ,in 1893 there were twenty-three. Last year there were 356,000 spindles in Japan. By the end of this year these will have in creased to 750,000. The chief factories are at Osaka. They are equipped with electric lights, and run day and night, making two shifts of eleven hours each. Japanese imports of raw cotton have in creased from 4.000,000 pounds eight years ago to 104,900,000 pounds now. Japan be gan exporting yarn to China two years ago, and will undoubtedly supercede Eng lish cotton manufactures in the markets both of India and China.” SAW MILLS SHUTTING DOWN. Death of a Child From Poison. Abbeville, Ga., June 24.—Owing to the poor demand for pine lumber, many of the saw mills in this section are running on snort time, with the prospect of shut ting down entirely till there is an im provement in the lumber market. There was an excursion from Abbe ville to Queenland (a station on the Abbeville and Waycross railroad), twelve miles from Abbeville, last Friday. The object of it was to sell town lots at Queenland at auction. S. P. Losseter, president and receiver of the road, owns the property. Twenty lots, 50x100 feet, were sold. Another sale will take place soon. Little Annie, the 4-year-old daughter of W. H. Miller, a machinist of Abbeville, died at 2 o’clock this morning from poison, taken yesterday afternoon. The physicians are unable to determine what the poison was, and will probably make a post-mortem examination. Copious rains are now visiting this locality. 4 MAKING WEDDING RINGS. Various Processes Through Which the Gold Passes—Fashion in Stones. From the Boston Herald. x June, the month of rosesand weddings, has revived an industry that has proba bly felt as much as any other, the depres sion in business. It is that of ring making. No bride who is truly fin de siecle would be married without one of these golden circlets whose circumference bounds so much joy as well as sorrow. A Boston Herald reporter went through a factory where these magic tokens are made the other day. It requires a good deal of labfir, and many men and some women are engaged in it. When money is so hard to get by the majority of the human race, I. makes one shiver, even in these torrid days, to see the bright, gold coins, often fresh from the mint, that are chopped in pieces, and, with the required quantity of alloy, go into the crucible after careful weighing. A ring is now generally made about 14 karats fine. In fact, the proportion made of finer material is only one to a dozen of the others. The alloy is composed of copper, silver and oroide. The advantage of using gold coin is in the previous working it has had in the mint, and the consequent saving in the melting. The crucible is a three-cornered cup made of German clay, and is imported. material is used because it will bear the fierce heat, and because none of the liquid gold will adhere to it. Whew! How hot it is, and how hun grily the flame licks the side of the ves sel, as if it wanted to get in and DEVOUR THE CONTENTS. In a few minates the gold has become a bright fluid, and the crucible is with drawn, red in hue, from the intense heat. The gold will not be so bright agein until it has atttained its shape and re ceived its last polishing. The liquid is poured into an ingot mould, formed into a small bar, and then plunged with a hiss into a bath. It may be handled, for it is thoroughly cooled, and it is then rolled in a mill be tween two rollers to make it of equal thickness and to press down any little pores that may remain in it. Then it goes back to the furnace,, into the part called the annealer, and is asrain subjected to a tierce and raging heat to make it soft before working. From the cold bath that follows it emerges as black as iron, rough and bent, and like that baser metal, is hammered into shape on an anvil. After this it is rolled again, and if the plain, thick band with round edges, which is the common ■ wedding ring, is desired, it is left of an equal thickness, and then cut in strips the required length. These are soldered together and shaped 1 on a spinning lathe. But for other rings, which are to carry stones, the bar is deftly shaped, thicker in the center than on the edges. This piece of metal goes under the cutter, is cut just the right shape, wide in the center and taperiug to wards the ends. It is still black and rough, and not a bit like the gold eagles one saw a short time before. But SEVERE TREATMENT awaits these strips. They are put under a heavy weight of fifty pounds, and pounded severely. The implement used is called a drop, and its frame rests on a large stone, which, in turn, is on a rub ber pad. Beneath the floor runs a heavy truss from wall to wall, as the ordinary beams would not bear the pressure. The man pulls the heavy weight up and down, striking the gold .which is on the bench beneath. From beneath this weight it comes out shaped like a ring w’hen flat tened out, with the oval in the middle where the stone is to be placed. Another man at a bench covered with tools takes one of these rough strips, files it, brings the ends together and solders them. The ring is now less rough, but still dingy. With a drill this man makes a hole in the center of the oval for the stone, and, when this is done, begins with a very fine and delicate saw to cut out the claws. This is rathor a nice oper ation, as they must be alike in size and shape. But the saw eats into the gold voraciously, and it looks as if cutting it was the easiest thing*in the world. The bits of gold fly in every direction, but nobody heeds this, for there are piles of ring, studs and ear-rings to be cut, while the wedding-rings of plain gold looked, when massed together, to be suf ficient to fetter all the brides for years to come, After these claws • are made a novice would wonder how the dirty, brassy looking ring was going to be transformed into the pretty little carrier of the spark ling diamond, the chaste pearl or the glowing ruby. But then it goes into the hands of the polishers. It takes three people to do this part of the work, but the wheels cov ered with rubber revolve rapidly and do it quickly. The dark material becomes brighter and brighter, until, under thfi last wheels .covered with soft cotton, it looks brilliant and shining. A WHOLE HANDFUL OF RINGS. Fashion has her caprice in the matter of rings as in everything else. The Mar quise ring, which has been so long on the topmost wave, is on the w’ane, and the princesse is dictated by fashion’s nod as the desirable shape. This is rounded in stead of sharply pointed, like the erst while favorite. The ladies’ belcher,ring, the one whose manufacture has just been described, is always used for small and medium-sized stones. For large stones the rings are not drilled out from the solid piece, but the claws are cut from a strip and look like a small comb. These are cut off the right length and attached to the rest of the narrow strip that makes the ring. They come in various patterns. There are more than 100 styles. . When the ring business is flourishing gold eagles to the amount of SIOO to S3OO are used daily. The alloy in these coins is mostly copper. Formerly silver was used, but the coins did.upt wear so woll. The propietor of the factory, who has been patiently showing the Boston Her, •aid reporter just how rings are made, says that just now a good part of his profits are found in the dirt. “In the dirt? Os course that is meant for a joke.” Then he explains. In the cutting and drilling tiny chips of gold fly everywhere. These are carefully swept up with the rest of the dirt in the rooms, put in a bar rel and sent to Providence to the refiners. Here they are burned slowly. And in the ashes is found the gold. A barrel packed full of the waste and dirt on the floor yields about $175 worth of the prec ious metal. The aprons with which the men cover their clothes are washed weekly, the Wi>w Wm. 4. Booth Indiana, Pa. SavedMy Life S 3 Worth of Hood’s Sarsaparilla Case of Nicotine Poisoning. “C. I. Hood & Co.. Lowell, Mass.: “I write these lines to certify that Hood’s Sarsaparilla has cured me of a most painful disease from which I have suffered four years. It appeared in the form of eruptions on my neck and face, spreading over my body, so painful that I could not sleep at night, and could not work in the dav time, and when I did lay down and get. into a little doze, if I would move just a little, it would start that terri ble sensation, and Blood Would Start from the eruptions on my Itegs and body. I had to wear bandages all the time. My eyes were swollen, my back in terrible condition. One physician said it was;weed poison, another eczema, and another Nicotine Poisoning, and that I would have to go to a special ist. (I omitted to say that I am a «igar maker by trade.) But Hood’s Sarsaparilla had been recommended, and thought I would try it, and am heartily thankful that I did. I can truly say that Hood s Sarsa parilla has effected A Perfect Cure. I am free from Beres, have a good appe ' tile, no dull feelings, and that continual, sick headache is gone. This wonderful cure has only cost me $5. This small amount of money has rid me of all my Hood’s Cures sufferings. lam still taking Hood’s Sarsa parilla. my faithful friend which hag saved tny life." Wm» A. Booth, Indiana, Pa. Hood’s Pills are hand made, and per* feci in proportion and appearance. 25c. PEARLINE. / /couldrit slape ; an if it was thot barrel \\ on we h an ds> h° w harrdit must be on the \k*/v\Z/ durrt!” This is the way a good old >A s'A\ Irish woman praises some washing- powder or other which she prefers / | \ to Pearline. As it was proven she L \ * L had never tried Pearline, the com* ' | pliment would appear to be in favor I °f Pearline. \ r Whoever heard of any one claim- ing that Pearline hurt the hands? . But there’s the trouble —Pearline is j the original washing compound ; its popularity has drawn out thousands of imitations—so popular that to many indicates any powdered washing material. If you are using Pearline, you are satisfied ; if you are dissatisfied, B try Pearline. If you are using something with which you are satisfied and it is not Pearline, try Pearline— you will wonder you were satisfied before. Pearline is economical and harmless. " James pyle. New York. water allowed to settle, and the dregs go to the refiner, a,s well as that which col lects in the bottom of the sinks where the rings take their final bath. The oil waste is also saved. In fact, almost every part of the room where this work goes on contains some of the valua ble dust. Sometimes small diamonds are lost for months, to be recovered, perhaps, by ac cident. A manufacturer, who has been nearly twenty-five years in one room, proposes to pull up the floor, which is quite badly worn. Every particle of wood and dust will be saved, sent to the refiners, and he hopes the result will pay for a new floor. VIENNA’S SOCIALISTS. Fully 25,000 Turn Out to a Universal Suffrage Meeting. Vienna, June :24.—An immense meeting of socialists was held in the Prater to day, it being estimated that fully 25,000 were present. The object of the meeting was to declare) in favor of universal suffrage, for which the Austrian working, men have been waiting for a long time. The speakers urged that the agitation be delayed till speaking commenced. It was the intention of the socialists to have a procession through the principal streets of the city, bqt this was pre vented by detachments* of mounted and foot police. A alight conflict between the would-be paraders and the police occurred and two socialists were arrested. The crowd attempted to resist the police and the police used their clubs and revolvers to maintain the peace. The crowd sang a number of revolutionary songs but there was no serious disturbance. PANIC ON A STEAMEB. An Explosion Kills the Engineer and Passenger s Jump Overboard. Yonkers, N. Y., June 24.—The side wheel steamer Col. Chester, which rest Williamsburgh with a party of excur sionists numbering 1.000 or 1,200 this morning, is in distress at Stony Point. The Col. Chester steamed up the Hudson to West Point and was on its return trip. At 7 o’clock to-night, when a short dis tance south of loni Island, the steamer’s engine blew out a staybolt, instantly killing the engineer. The explosion caused the wildest excitement on board, and several passengers jumped into the river. A number of boats were sent out from the shore, and the unfortunate ex cursionists were picked up. It is re ported, however, that three or four per sons were drowned. The passengers were brought to this city by rail to-night. THE ROAD CONVENTION. Delegatee That Have Been Appointed by Gov. Northern. Atlanta, Ga., June 24.— The governor has appointed, at; the request of the Hon. Roy Stone, special agent and engineer of the United States office of road inquiry, the following gentlemen as delegates to the road convention to be held at Asbury Park, N. J., July 5 and 6: Prof. C. S. Strahan, Athens; Hon. W. F. Eve, Au gusta ; George W. Harrison, Atlanta; J. W. Robertson, Cornelia: H. P. Smart, Savannah; N. G. Oattis, Columbus; Prof. J. B. Hunnicut, Athens; George W. Adair, Atlanta; W. G. Whidby, Atlanta; Halstead Smith, Rome; J. L. Underwood, Camilla; W. A. Huff, Macon. A New Hall Dedicated. Live Oak, Fla., June 24.—Yesterday was a gala day for Live Oak. The new Masonic hall was dedicated. The largest gathering of Masons ever assembled in this town was present. The hall is a fine one. The fraternity is justly proud of it. Grand Secretary, Maj. A. J. Russell, de livered an eloquent and instructive speech,, and ex-Grand Master of Jasper, made a speech full of wisdom and sound Masonry. In the afternoon, in the presence of an immense crowd. Senator Broome of Quincy, on behalf of Mrs. Worth Stevens, presented to the Suwannee Rifles a beau tiful flag. Capt. C. J. McGeehee on behalf of the company accepted the flag in a well taken speech. County Delegates Chosen. Yulee, Fla., June 24.—According to a call of the democratic executive commit tee yesterday there was a primary elec tion held here for the purpose of selecting delegates to the county convention to be held at Callahan June 29. The following delegates were selected unanimously: J. C. Wilson, R. H. Jones. T. R. Braddock, W. B. Houston, J. Hughes. C. A. Snow ball, J. W. White. The Kelly faction re fused to participate in our meeting, and will send up a contesting delegation. MOPENNI RESIGNS. The King Declines to Accept—He Wants to Fight a Duel. Rome, June 24. —Gen. Mocenni, minis ter of war, has resigned from the cabinet, but the king has refused to let him retire. He was insulted by Signor Imbriana, the radical leader, during a debate in the chamber on June 15, and he wished to be relieved of his office so as to be free to challenge Imbriani. Touched the Wrong- Conscience. The Boston Transcript says that a few days ago, while a gentleman was buying stamps in the postoffice, some one took his umbrella, as he believes, by mistake, and the loser put his card in the morning paper: - The kind friend who carried off my umbrella at the postoffice yesterday, will bear in mind that the -gates of heaven’ are only twenty-four inches wide. My umbrella measures twenty-eight. At the other place he won’t need It. Didn’t Dives pray for just one drop of water? He had bet ter return it to No. 208, Chamber of Commerce, and no questions will he asked.’’ A few days later a boy brought in an umbrella, but. alas! not the advertiser’s. He had caught the wiong man s conscience. A TEC COES TO THE BOTTOM Twenty-five Lives Lost Off the At. lantic High lands. The Tur Over-crowded With a Fishing Party and 1b Said to Have Been Top heavy, Old and Rotten—-A Difference of Opinion as to the Exact Cause of Her Foundering:. New York, June 24.—The tug James D. Nichols, owned by William Reeves of 87th street, this city, foundered off the Atlantic Highlands shortly before 1 o’clock this afternoon. The Nichols had on board a party of excursionists number ing 68 persons, and also a carried a crew of five men. As near as can be learned at this writing 48 persons were rescued by the steamer Algonquin of the Clyde line and the tugs Governor, Wal lace B. Flynn and R. J. Moran. This leaves twenty-five persons unaccounted for, and these have probaoly been drowned. The names of the victims have not all been learned yet, and it will probably be several days before a com plete list of the dead can be gathered. ON A FISHING FROLIC. The tug Nichols was chartered by an association known as the Herring Fishing Club, whose headquarters are at No 55, First avenue, this city. The tug, with the party on board, left the foot of Sixth street, East river, this morning at 7:30 o’clock. She stopped at Pier 3on her way to the fishing grounds, and off Sea-, bright, where several more persons were taken on board, making 68 in all. The fishing was indifferent and the weather threatening, and the tug started homeward. CAUSE OF THE ACCIDENT. Stories differ as to what happened on board the tug. According to one chapter of the narrative, the fishermen, to avoid getting wet, moved around on the dry side of th® vessel—that is, the side where the waves did hot strike with such force. It is claimed by some that this action on the p%rt of the passengers resulted in the foundering of the vessel. With the increased weight on one side she toppled over, and the water ran into her to such an extent that it was there after impossible to navigate her. She struggled for a short distance, and then, as the water continued to run into her, she sank further and further into the swells and went down. SAID TO HAVE BEEN OLD AND ROTTEN. By others it is claimed that the shifting of the passengers had nothing to do with the accident. These allege that the tug was an old and rotten affair; that she was terribly overcrowded and conse quently top-heavy, and that when she got into the heavy sea she simply turned over. She blew her whistle and attracted lat ten lion on board of the steamer Algon quin, which was a mile away. The Al gonquin lowered a life boat, but the tug sank before either the life boat or the tugs named came up. As she sank out of sight the top of the wheel house, together with a raft and a life boat, remained floating on the water. ESCAPE OF THE SURVIVOR?. To every particle of wreckage clung one or more of the remaining throng. The life raft was the most sought for, and those who were so fortunate as to make it were saved. The tug’s lifeboat was found afloat, but full of water. In it was the body of a drowned man tangled up in the lines. The water was so rough that the Algon quin made no attempt to pick up her life, boat, but gave it a line and towed it astern until quarantine was reached. Ted’s Invention. From the New York World. Said little Ted, “When I’m a man— It’s very long to wait— But then I'm going to buy a clock Without a half-past eight. “I’d have such good times’right along From breakfast until late, If our big clock went on and on And skipped that half-past eight, “But almost every morning now I hear mamma, or Kate Call, Ted! It’s nearly time for school, Make haste, it’s half-past eight.’ “And in the evening it’s the same. Or worse. I know I hate To have papa say, ‘Bedtime. Ted, Look there, it’s half-past eight.’ ‘‘Now when I get to school to-day. First thing I’H take my slate And make a picture of a clock That has no half-past eight.” X A world of misery is X X implied in the words X X “Sick Headache.” X O A world of relief is Q Q wrapped up in zftwen- X Q ty-five cent box of Q Beecham’s (guinea! * (Tasteless) 8000000000‘8