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Bones; What to Do With Them.
I have accumulated about two wagon
loads of bones from here and there, cost
ing only the picking up'and hauling home.
- I know they are worth something as
manure, but I would be glad to have you
say the best use I could make of them
and the best way to prepare them for
use. B. F. J 4
Bones, when ground up into a fine con
dition, constitutes an almost unequalled
fertilizer; but it depends upon how they
* have been preserved since the death of
the animals as to how much value they
possess. When exposed to the air and
rain, they lose much of the {nitrogen that
they originally contained. jWe presume
you have no acct ss to a bon<A*mill. If you
have, we should advise you'to have them
ground Into “meal,” or “dust,” and then
it can be used for anything. As a rule,
however, it is more profitable to use bone
meal on crops that are somewhat of a
permanent character, such as fruit trees,
grape vines, etc., and any crops that
occupythe soil even two years. Even
finely ground bone, as a rule, will have
very little effect on crops that hold the
land only a few months; crops such as
Irish potatoes, and sala’d crops of all
kinds.
By tar the best thing you could do with
your small quantity of bones is to break
them into small pieces and apply them to
any fruit trees or grape vines that may
be growing on your place. Doubtless you
have something of the kind under way.
It not, you should make the start this
ff.ll. In the case of fruit trees or grape
vines, scatter a bushel of the broken
bones about the trees out as far as six or
eight feet, and dig the pieces well into
the soil-three or four inches at least.
That is, broadcast the broken bone all
about the tree, out to that distance. If
done now, you will observe a marked ef
fect on the growth of the tree next year.
There are thousands of loads of bones go
ing to waste in the south to day that
ought to be made to produce fruit.
SEPTEMBER NOTES..
What Can a Parmer Do Now-What
Oan a Trucker Do P
Besides gathering his ripened crops,
there are not many things that the
farmer-man can do just now. But the
few things that he can do are very im
portant. It is unfortunate that the great
mass of southern farmers still hold to the
Idea that there is little or nothing to do
for the next four or five months beyond
gathering the two or three crops they
have been working on for the past six
months.
Certainly anywhere south of Tennessee
every farmer who pretends to be one
should sow at least five acres of oats to
the mule. This is the minimum. The
wise farmer will sow twenty; the Very
wise one will sow more; that is if he has
the land that he can devote to such a
cheaply raised crop, which, as a rule, per
haps pays him more clear profit to the
acre than either his corn or cotton, and
especially the latter in the past two or
three years. We are not afraid of having
this statement disputed by any intelligent
farmer who understands the matter;
sowing two bushels of oats on rich land,
three on medium, with a cost of from
82 to 83 per acre, it is possible to get any
where from seventy-five bushels down to
twenty bushels of oats per acre; on very
poor land possibly twelve or fifteen bush
els may be the output. There are eases
where less thhn twelve bushels would be
profitable to the backwoods farmer of
southern Georgia.
,**»* « * » «
Any farmer who has fair land—land, -
•ay, that will make ten bushels of corn
Without artificial fertilizing—should sow
two bushels of oats add fifteen pounds of
. red clover seed in October'or early in
November. After cutting the oats
in May or early, June, the land should not
be plowed again until fall or the follow
ing spring. If by any chance the clover
fails to take possession of the land after
the grain is cut off, tho weedd will do it,
and will thereby enrich the land. It will
be very poor land though when the clover
will fail to grow and enrich it.
It is a source of regret to every intelli
gent observer who Understands the situa
tion that our farmers do not recognize the
value of the several varieties ofclover
that suit our soils, as well as any varieties
used In other sections of the country.
The day Is not far off when our views
will be accepted that the south can grow
clover, one kind or another, as wed as
New York or Ohio. The clovers are bet
ter enrichers of worn soil than are peas,
chiefly from the fact that they are winter
growers instead of summer growers. We
can sow clover in the fall and it will
grow during the winter, whereas peas
will grow onlv in the summer time. This
makes a great difference.
, A crop of bur clqver. or crimson clover,
is more economical, in fact, than two
• crops of peas, when we look at it aright,
simply from the fact that the latter de
mands the soil when we can be growing
qur chief money crops, cotton and corn.
Clover of the several kinds that we can
grow to best advantage are winter grown
exclusively. They grow at a time when
peas will not grow, and allow of the land
being planted to corn or cotton the fol
lowing season in the majority of cases, if
so desired.
The southern farmer that fails to grow
oats and set aside a reasonable area in
clover, certainly does not avail himself of
the enviable privilege that is his, and
should not oomplain if his farming ven
ture falls short of hi» early expectations.
Now that corn is worth something -
more probably than has been the case in
several years-it would seem, that more
than usual efforts would be made to raise
such crop-s as could be used in its stead
for stock feeding. Good winter pastures
and an early crop of oats would subserve
the purpose to the fullest extent. Why
not resort to them t •
The southern trucker, or market gar
dener. cannot obtain the best results with
out due regard for those crops that are
most appropriately started in the fall
(September and October}. Are there
three more profitable crops, year in and
year out, then those of onion, cabbage
a d spinach t Tho earliest crops of these
re grown from sowing of seed in Sep
tember and October, and even as late as
November, in sections lower down. These
are three great crops, and when intelli
gently grown, pay the grower a very
satisfactory profit.
Then, too, there are strawberries, a
most profitable crop when properly
grswn. Now is the time to make new
plantings. Set out rightly, with suitable
variety, a small crop of berries may be
gathered next spring; but the profits will
not come until the following year and tho
year following that.
Tho fall of the year is the proper time
to start nearly all the fruits.
Are you thinking of starting an aspara
gus bed? Now is the time to find out
when you will get your plants to set out
a little latter on. While asparagus is
rather a tedious vegetable to marker, still
it will pay for all the labor expended
upon it. The man of means will buy it in
season at almost any price, and it is a
crop that ordinarily pays -the intelligent
grower. Do you know how to grow it? It
is not a difficult crop to grow.
Besides any work suggested it is always
in order to apply manure and do a certain
amount of preparation with plows during
the fall.
Save and market, every dime’s worth of
the made ffrop, and then go ahead with a
light heart to start another.
How pleasant indeed, is the life of the
true farmer. It is one of constant toil
and care, but it need not be one of drudg
ery and discontent.
The Eijf—lts Value and Possibilities.
It is strange that this delicious fruit is
not more extensively planted, says the
Farmer and Fruit Grower. The hardy
varieties, if given winter protection, have
a wider geographical ranee than is gen
erally supposed, the Celestial fruiting as
far north as North Carolina and Virginia.
They have certain features that should
strongly recommend them to all who
value fruit for food, or as a money crop.
The tree has no insect enemies, and those
who plant figs will have at least one kind
of fruit tree that will be sure to yield
them something to eat, and not the usual
annual crop of disappointment, that is the
tod common fruitage of those brightly
pictured trees so glowingly described and
so temptingly illustrated by the travelling
fruit-tree man.
Speaking of the fig in Middle Florida, I
can state that I cannot recall a single
failure of this crop during the thirty odd
years over which I can look back. A
dozen trees-planted near the house can be
depended upon to supply a family with an
abundance of fresh figs, besides all that
are needed for preserves and marmalades.
The mocking birds will levy a small tax
upon the fruit, which they more than re
pay by the destruction of insect pests in
the garden. Plant a few extra trees to
off-set the loss by the birds; do not shoot
them by the hundred, as a erape grower
boasted that he had done, some years
since in your journal. Such a utilitarian
spirit is, I hope, exotic in Florida.
After a fig tree has arrived at the bear
ing age it will stand a very low tempera
ture without any injury whatever, and
will stand any amount of neglect. It is a
common sight to find an old fig tree in
perfect health and vigor standing alone
in an old field, the surviving witness of a
former settlement. One cause of a great
deal of misapprehension as to the hardi
ness of the fig lies in the fact that it is
very tender while young, and even in
Florida must be protected every winter
until it is four or five years old, or is fully
grown or in full bearing. After this it
needs no protection whatever, and is a
good and permanent investment. I know
trees in Monticello that are certainly
thirty years old, and which, with total
neglect, have borne an annual crop of at
least three or four bushels of figs.
The trees often set a crop of fruit the
first year, but they must be four or five
years old before they are at their best.
The fruit begins to ripen early in J uly,
and the aeason lasts till late in August.
It is eaten usually fresh from the trees,
some tastes preferring an addition of
cream and sugar. It makes excellent
preserves and marmalades, and is easily
evaporated, in which form there is no
reason why it should not become a val
uable article of commerce.
There are no fig orchards in Florida, a
dozen trees being about the maximum
number on one place. 'I know of no reason
why they could not be extensively plant
ed, and the fruit evaporated, and find a
ready market.
With its many advantages, it is strange
that the fig is not more extensively planted
and its possibilities developed, ana it is
with a view of calling attention to these
facts that this article is written.
Corn and Olover.
The importance of the corn crop is be
coming more apparent every year, in view
of the many uses which can be made of it
to advantage to absorb the largest sur
plus which can be produced. Large quan
tities are exported for bread and for stock
feeding. It is converted into glucose sugar
and starch in large quantities. It is made
into high wines for mechanical purposes
and to set on fire the brains and stomachs
of silly' men. It furnishes the principal
food for the production of the beef and
pork necessary to feed the world. As
hogs are now and have been for some time
■ the best paying farm product, and
as corn and clover are the
great fabtors in its production,
and as these two crops rotate admira
bly and to the great successor both crons,
their importance is apparent at once. Mr.
D. B. Nitas, tho lowa seed corn man,
says: “It has been proven that clover
sod is as good to produce corn as the vir
gin soil. Farmers are just awakening to
the importance of sowing all small grain
fields to clover. It is the only wholesome
fertilizer wo. have discovered. We be
lieve we can keep our land in clover two
or three years and then raise three crops
of corn and realize more net profit on
i ; three crops of corn than if we had kept
■ raising corn all the years. We are i'n
, i dined to believe that the yield of corn
. will be greater if the clover is pastured
’ instead of being cut for hay. We be
l lieve that the importance of clover in a
rotation of crops is not half appreciated.
As to seed, we think a great deal de
pends on good seed. When we say good
seed we mean that it must not only grow,
but grow strong and even. Seed should
be of a variety suited to the locality. It
has been proven at the' experiment sta
-1 tion that the medium, early-maturing
| varieties give greater yields than either
■ the early or late varieties. Every corn-*
’ grower ought to have a clear conception
I of what constitutes a model ear of corn.
I He should have a high ideal, one that
• : embraces the most good qualities
in one variety. Earliness, productive
ness and large yield of net corn
to cob are essentials. To properly culti
vate a crop of corn means first, thor
i oughly prepare the ground for planting by
I plowing well, and the use of a disc or
smoothing harrow until the ground is in
' fine tilth, the proper cultivation of corn
. would keep a philosopher busy. We cul
i tivate deep the first time, and close to the
I corn. The second time not quite so deep
I and a little further off, and the third time
J plow just as lightly as we can, and make
I the cultivator scour and cover the remain
i ing weeus. While plowing com we should
i study the habits of the corn plant.”
DeOonte and Kieffer Pears.
The Tjeeonte and Kieffer are two pears
of value to the average orchardist, and
I they do well in all our temperate
, climates, especially in the south, where
; fruit growers look upon them as their
j best friends in this line, says the Ameri
i i can Cultivator. There are very few
I pears that can adapt themselves to the
soil and climate of the sunnj’ south, but
the LeConte and Kieffer are almost ideal
in this respect. Their fruits are not the
best sent to market, but they are good
THE WEEKLY NEWS ITWO-TIMES-A-WEEK): THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1894.
enough in their season to command high
prices.
Both of these pears are derived from
the Chinese pear, and they exhibit many
qualities that are very similar. The
common Chinese Sand pear produced a
very poor fruit that had little to recom
mend itself, and very few cared to raise
it except for ornament and curiosity. Yet
from this poor specimen of pear the
Kieffer seedling was produced. It is an
excellent fruit for canning, but very few
comparatively know how to ripen it, and
hence many condemn it as a poor eating
fruit. So it is, if not properly grown and
ripened. It is a heavy and prolific bearer,
and a good tree produces more fruit
than any other good pear tree growing in
any of ourchards. An acre planted with
these trees yield an enormous crop of
good fruit for the market. If- comes into
bearing rather late in the season—at a
time when many other pears are out of
the market. It reaches its perfect ma
turity in October and November, and
sometimes its fruiting is prolonged, so
that good specimens can very easily be
preserved until the midwinter holidays,
when fancy prices are paid for the fruit’
In many respects the Le Conte is supe
rior to the Kieffer, although of the same
origin. The pear has not received the at
tention it deserves in the north, for it
thrives there as well as in the south.
Originally this pear was produced by a
New York state grower, but it was only
popularized in the south. It is now going
back to its native state again, and is being
recommended generally for its merits. It
is also a very heavy cropper,
and its fruit is very firm and
excellent, making fine market pears. It
is not a rough-sainned fruit, as the Kief
fer, but larger and longer. When prop
erly ripened it is a very pretty and at
tractive fruit. It is very similar in shape
to the famous Clapp’s Favorite, but
larger than this pear. When ripe the
green skin turns to a light yellow, and it
comes into maturity early in the fall, a
month or two earlier than the Kieffer.
When plucked it should be put away in a
dark room for a few days, where it will
ripen up beautifully, and be ready for
eating. The flesh is fine grained, juicy
and not coarse. They make excellent pre
serves, as w’ell as marketable fruit for
hand and table eating.
Dime and Gypsum as fertilizers..
For somq years past the agricultural
papers have contained many articles con
cerning the utility or non-utility of lime
and gypsum, when applied to land for the
purpose of benefiting growing crops, says
the Practical Farmer. These articles
taken together show a pretty general con
currence of experience to the effect that
applications of lime and gypsum, as such,
do not now show the very marked results
they once did. From thirty to forty
years ago the practice of liming land was
very general in this section, but it
gradually declined and has appar
ently nearly ceased. Before liming came
into fashion, the use of gypsum or land
plaster was very general among our best
farmers, notwithstanding the fact that it
cost theta from 810 to 815 per ton in large
lumps, and not less than 82 per ton addi
tional to get it ground. Yet they thought
it paid them well to buy and use it at this
cost. This was New York gypsum,which
is less pure than the Nova Scotia. After
the laud has been limed, 50 to 60 bushels
per acre being the usual dressing, appli
cation of gypsum ceased to show any very
marked results, and its use was very gen
erally discontinued. For twenty years
past very little lime or gypsum, as such,*
have been used by our farmers. But, of
course, as many of them now buy pretty
largely of the various “phosphates” in
the market, they necessarily also buy
and apply large amounts of lime, in the
form of gypsum, which all these phos
phates contain. Sometimes, and on some
soils, these phosphates, even when they
are compounded with little or no nitrogen
qr potash, show a very efficient action in
increasing tjteyield of crops. Now I have
Often w’ondered whether part of the good
results they give, is not due to the gyp
sum they contain, which, however, never
gets any credit for it. So I determined
this year, to.try some experiments for my
own satisfaction. I wished to make an
experiment with scarlet or crimson
clovpr, sowing it in corn at the last
working; and so five acres were selected
for this purpose. And, by the way, I
consider clover to be the only proper
plant with which to test the util
ity of lime or gypsum; because if this
plant does not respond to such applica
tion, it may be assumed that no other
will. One acre was limed early in the
spring, fifty bushels to the acre, the lime
carefully slacked and spread evenly and
well harrowed in. No application of any
sort was made on the remaining four
acres, until at the last working of the
corn, July 11, one acre was sown with
gypsum, about 500 pounds, and the whole
plot of five acres seeded to scar
let olover and then cultivated shallow for
the last time.
Now for results as far as they show to
date. lam writing Aug. 16. On the part
that had neither lime nor gypsum, the
clover has not made a very good catch.
The seed was good and it started all right,
but the season so far has been unfavor
able, hot and dry, showers light and far
apart. A considerable percentage of the
clover plants, on the part referred to,
have evinently failed to pass
safely through the critical periods
of germination and early infancy.
The plants that have survived, gen
erally show only the seed leaves, with
one and sometimes two other leaves be
sides Where the gypsum was sown
there are two or three times as many
plants growing. Many of them show
three and four leaves besides the seed
leaves, and they now alffiost cover the
ground with their foliage; while on the
p.iece having neither lime nor g-ypsum
you carnot see the plants at all, ht a dis
tance of three or four rods. Where the
land was limed the clover has also made
a good catch and is doing well, and is
only a little behind that on the gypsum
plat. I shall watch this experiment
carefully to the end, and when the final
results appear shall have more to say
about it. But if, by the use of lime and
gypsum in my clover, some in corn, I have
Secured a much better catch and a more
vigorous growth so far, I am in little
doubt as to what the outcome will be.
Lime costs from 5 cents to 8 cents per
bushel, unslacked, at the kiln, and Nova
Scotia gypsum, delivered in small lots,
about 89 per ton.
The Bamboo.
An effort is being made by Mr. J. L.
Normand of Louisiana to popularize the
cultivation of the bamboo in the United
States, says the Farm and Fireside. The
thousand and one uses to which it is put
in China and Japan, as well as other
Asiatic and semi-tropical countries, are
well known to all who have traveled and
to many who have kept pace with modern
travel and commerce by reading the re
ports of consular agents and books of
travel.
At first sight the cultivation of bam
boo in the United States will strike the
reader as an ephemeral effort of little
available and less practical value, and of
no moment whatever to the hard-working,
illy-paid farmer. But we are of those
who, when they overtake a fellow way
farer bn his travels, love to ask and
answer questions, to get and give infor
i mation, to talk of habits, the manners
and customs of the country from which
he hails and we came, and generally to
keep our minds quickened and a ready
receptacle for all hints of a practical and
possibly profitable character.
Bamboo is not to be scoffed at. either as
an impractical crop or an unprofitable
one.' It will bear looking at and thinking
over. True, it is raised by a cheap peo
ple and where labor costs but little, is
made of immense value because available
for service in so many ways and for so
many diametrically opposite practical
purposes. But other plants indigneous to
foreign countries and soils, fruits and veg
etables, birds and animals, have been in
troduced into the Christian world appar
ently to advantage, and we see no reason
why this should not be added to the list.
‘•The bamboo," says a writer, “is a
plant of incredible tenacity of life, and
grows with wonderful rapidity—the fast
est growing plant in the world. It ex
tends its roots in all directions and comes
larger, stouter and with increased vigor
every year, until the plant attains a
growth of eight to nine inches in diam
eter. The usefulness of this grand plant
is here unknown. The time will soon
. come, however, when our timber becomes
scarcer, we will turn to the baniboo as a
substitute for fences, trellis work,
vine stakes, hop poles, bean poles,
telegraph poles, rustic- seats
for the lawn, chairs, bedsteads,
picture frames, summer - houses,
flower pots, etc., etc. It makes a splen
did roof for houses and sheds that will
not leak. A flat roof can be made of it
and do away with rafters, laths, etc., and
save much work. Large sheds cm be
built of it in less time and cost than with
lumber and will last as long. T believe
it will grow as far north as our common
wild cane, which it greatly resembles,
but a giant by the side of it. when fairly
started. For the lawn a group of bam
boos is unsurpassed in grace and beauty.
It forms the best wind break possible,
and grows so dense and tall that it forms
the best protection from wind of any
thing that grows from the ground.”
A M’KINLEY “INFANT.”
Tack Trust That Squeezes 93,000.000
a Year Out of the People.
From the Philadelphia Press (Rep.).
New York, Sept. 14.—The Atlas Tack
Corporation has become a trust. It con
trols 90 per cent, of the tack and shoe nail
product of this country. This monopoly
was formed originally ten years ago. Its
\plan of operation then was to take in
competing interests and pay premiums of
profits; also to pay the expenses of men
unemployed because of being laid off by
the trust. The annual profits then were
about #1,000,000. But some 40 per cent,
went for “dead wood,” or idle men.
January 1, last, the corporation sent
out a new price list, prices bding advanced
an average of 10 to 12 per cent. Jan. 24,
a second list showed an additional in
crease of a similar per centage. It was
not until April 14, though, that the Bos
ton corporation showed its hand in full
by making an additional increase, which
has been figured out by an expert in this
city at 33% to 85 per cent, over the other
two increases. This makes a total in
crease over the prices before Jan. 1 last of
from 60 to 65 per cent.
While the profits tinder the old combi
nation were #1,000,000, of which 40 per
cent, went for premiums, etc., Treasurer
Parks is declared, on good authority, to
have said that the present profits are
from #2,000,000 to #3,000,000 a year, with
nothing to be paid for premiums or “dead
wood.”
DISCUSSION DECLINED.
Hines Gives His Reasons for Refus
ing to Meet Atkinson.
Atlanta, Ga., Sept, id.— Judge Hines,
the populist candidate, refuses to meet
Col. Atkinson in joint debate, and what
otherwise promised to be a series of in
teresting discussions is at an end. Judge
Hines’ letter is as follows:
Atlanta, Ga., Sept. 15,—Hon. W. Y. Atkin
son. Newnan, Ga.—Dear Sir: On my return
to Atlanta to-day. I find your letter of the
12th instant, mailed at Newnan on the 13th,
inviting me to jointly discuss with you the
Issues of the present campaign. In view of
the fact that the executive committee of
your party has refused to recommend a divi
sion of managers of the noils between the
democrats and populists at the approaching
election, and it late <i;Ue>of your
invitation, the acceptance of which would
compel me to cancel my appointments made
before vour letter was received, 1 decline your
invitation. Joint discussion of these issues
' will do no good, if the means of having the
judgment of the voters fairly expressed upon
them are denied. Had your committee
granted the request of our committee, and
had, your invitation come earlier, it would
have afforded me pleasure to discuss with
you the issues of the campaign. Yours most
respectfully, • - James K. Hines.
HANDLED WITHOUT GLOVES.
That is the Way 'Judge Atkinson
Treated the Populists.
Waycross, Ga.,Sept. 16.—Hon. Leon A.
Wilson, democratic nominee for state sen
ator, and Judge Spencer R. Atkinson,
who is prominently mentioned for the
supreme court, addressed 400 persons Fri
day at Nichols.
A large number of ladies were present,
and they paid close attention to the
speoches. A few populists were in the
crowd, and some of them were brought
back to the Democratic party by the
speeches.
Mr. Atkinson’s speech appealed to the
people's reason and showed that the pop
ulist party platfofm would not bear in
spection. He said that it was not be
lieved in by a populist in Coffep county.
He declared that there was not a populist
in the county that indorsed, the land and
government ownership of railroads ques
tions in the populistic platform.
The populistic claims of Jeffersonian
democracy, he declared, were fallacious.
Mr. Jefferson had no such views. He
said that in Kansas, where all the new
isms came from, the populists are called
by themselves Lincolntonian republicans,
and that here they claim to be Jefferso
nian democrats.
Col. Wilson reviewed the work of the
populists in the county and showed the
absurdity’ of the bills introduced by them.
Much credit is due to Mr. George W.
Dean, for the success of the speaking and
barbecue.
DEMOCRATS AT MANOR.
Waycross. Ga., Sept. 16.—About 600
people assembled at Manor yesterday to
hear pure democracy expounded. Col.
John C. McDonald made an eloquent ad
dress. He spoke earnestly in behalf of
Hon. Leon A. Wilson, the nominee for
state senator, and asked the people to
support him. Col. McDonald was fre
quently cheered.
Cant. J. F. Stone made a forceful speech
against populism. His humorous anec
dotes were highly appreciated by every
body. - ■
A magnificent dinner was served. After
dinner Col. W. A. McDonald, the nomi
nee for representative from this county,
made a speech. It was a strong plea for
pure democracy. Col- McDonald referred
to Dr. S. W. Johnson, populistic candidate
for congress from this district, saying
that Johnson’s chances for election were
most discouraging. *
UNDISTURBED PEACE.
Emperor Francis Joseph Expresses
His Views on the Situation.
Buda-Pesth, Sept. 16.—Emperor Francis
Joseph received- the Austro-Hungarian
j delegations here to-day. Addrersing
them he congratulated them upon the
fact that the confidence expressed that
peace would be preserved and consolidated
had been confirmed by the establishment
of a still more peaceful situation
throughout Europe and the existence of
the most amicable relations among the
powers. “We hope.'’ he said, “that in
the future we shall be able to devote our
selves undisturbed to the well being of
our people; nevertheless, it will be neces
sary. equally with the other powers, to
continue to develop our military forces.”
Charlie—You're awfully polite: but your
company manners and that hat don’t go well
together.
Maude—Which shall 1 take off:.—Harper s
Weekly.
A PRINCELY PAPER MAKER J
Bismarck Actively Engaged in Its
Manufacture at Varsin. 1
Our Weekly Budget Krom Berlin—A
Sharp Trick of the Emperor—Bail
roads Ordered to Advertise Cheap
Excursions to Swell the Crowds at
the Army Maneuvers—Disposition
of Ironclads Consolidating the
Triple Alliance-
Berlin, Sept. 16. —The newspapers have
found little room for accounts of the
great natal review off Swinemunde, al
though they devoted columns to the East
Prussian military maneuvers. The dis--
play of warships, however, had the more
political significance of the two. It was
in fact a grand semi-political function
for the benefit of the gaping crowds
which special trains took to the coast
from all parts of the empire.
CHEAP EXCURSIONS ORDERED.
At first the official mind did not grasp
the emperor’s reasons for ordering the
railway authorities to advertise popular
excursions to the scene of the review. It
now recognizes the fact that the emperor
was practicing one of his clever schemes
preliminary to an important act of gov
ernment. The royal railways carried
northward thousands from Leipsic, Halle,
Dresden, Breslau, Frankfort, Brun
swick and Madgeburg. Their ex
cursion trains frpm Berlin were
filled to the standing room.
At Swinemunde Jhe tourists found coast
ing .steamers waiting to convey them to
the fleet. As the Berlin, Halle and, Leip
sic steamers passed the imperial yacht
Hohenzollern, the emperor commanded
his band to play popular airs, while he
stood on the upper deck saluting them.
These courtesies were intended to
make the navy popular. In the
last session of the reischstag
the deputies declined to appropriate •
4,500,000 marks for new naval expenses.’
In the coming session they will be asked
to grant new items amounting to 10,000,-
000. By stirring the pride of the electors
the emperor hopes to induce those who
repudiated the smaller grant to look with
favor on the larger one. He has already
succeeded in giving 10,000 inlanders who
never before saw a war ship a most
splendid naval spectacle.
DISPOSITION OF IRONCLADS.
During the winter the navy will have
two new formations. A reserve division
of five ironclads will be stationed at Dant
zig and another at Ocaliel. Both divisions
are intended for the special protection of
the Baltic and North sea ports. The naval
programme for this week’s maneuvers in
cludes a night attack by the torpedo
flotilla to-morrow and a bombardment of
the Kurischehaff coast works by the first
squadron. Hostilities will cease’ on
Thursday. On Friday the emperor, Ad
miral von der Goltz and other comman
ders will meet in Swinemunde to criticise
the work of the fleet.
THE GOVERNMENT PROGRAMME.
The Nordeusche Allgemeine Zeitung,
which is inspired from the Wilhelm
Strausse, is publishing a series of articles
under the caption: “The Government’s
Programme of Action and the Criticisms
of its Opponents.” The writer’s purpose
evidently is to throw light on the future
policy of the emperor and chancellor Von
Caprivi. As the articles are worued in
the foggiest style of the new editor, Dr.
Griesman. nothing definite can be learned
from them except that the government
wishes all the parties of law and order to
combine against the social democrats.
Griessrpann hints that the emperor has
new legislative plans to soften the lot of
the working man, but does not tell
whether the government proposes Return
ing to the old repressive laws. The
Koelnische Zeitung maintains these laws
will not be revived.
CONSOLIDATE THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE.
The increase of the Austro-Hungarian
budgets for army and navy in harmony
with Germany’s previous action has
given rise to much sarcastic comment on
the general assurances of peace. In
opening the Buda-Pesth delegation on Fri
day Freiherr Von Chlomuky said: “Al
though we recognize Count Kalnoky’s
wise and efficient policy in consolidating
the triple alliance and developing the
treaties of commerce, although we feel
that by such means he has afforded us
new pledges of the peace of Europe, we
cannot shut our eyes to the fact
that when all European states are
forming to augment their military
strength, the day of a general disarma
ment must still be far off. Austria-
Hungary cannot enter the path of peace
alone. She cannot degrease her arma
ment while others increase theirs. We
must rely upon the delegation not to fol
low the dictates of mere hope, but rather
to develop the resources of our army and
navy in accordance with the needs of the
existing situation. V
□ Unprejudiced opinion is that, with all
the references to increased armaments
and war. Chlomuky’s speech was noted
for its pacific tone.
HERR VON PLOETZ’S REPLIES’
Herr von Ploetz continues to justify his
reputation of chief agitator of the agra
rian league. He has written a reply to
the emperor’s Koenigsberg speech, in or
der to prove the nobility’s right to oppose
the emperor’s policy, without being
charged with disloyally. Despite his re-’
peated declarations, however, Ploetz
gives signs that he may climb down.
For instance, he closes his last open let
ter with the words: “Our king ought not
to be left for a moment without the assur
ance of our confidence in him. He ought
to remain unweakened and steadfast in
his power and high prerogatives. The
landlords and noblemen of Prussia will
always be firmlj’ loyal to him in every
danger that may threaten the throne.”
The Deutsche Zeitung, a new agrarian
organ in Berlin, harps on the theme that
monarchic sentiment is dying out iti Ger
many. The quickness and number of the
loyal responses which the emperor's
Koenigsberg speech has elicited seems to
disprove its argument completely.
AFTER THE SPIRITUALISTS.
The Saxon authorities have begun a
: campaign against the spirit mediums and i
! societies of spiritualists. The societies i
i are suppressed on the ground that they '
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taken ten bottles of the ‘Discovery* and
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do mental and physical injuries both to
the mediums and their patrons. The su
preme court in Leipsic has rejected the
appeals made by spiritualists against the
action of the local authorities.
Mine. Ismert, a young woman from the
frontier district of France, has been
arrested at Metz as a spy. The inquiry
into her history is in progress.
Prince Bismarck devotes most of his
time nowadays to the supervision of his
Varsin property. He employs 200 men at
his Hammermuehle works and 100 more
at Kampfmuehle in making paper. He
exports much of the product to foreign
firms who make a specialty of their trade
in Bismarck paper. Although he has
20,000 square meters of timber
at Varsin, the prince is obliged
to import from Russia the wood used in
his factories. As ever, the prince takes a
a deep interest in the condition of his
workingmen. Every one of them are
well housed and well fed. Formerly the
Varsin workmen were paid on Saturday.
When the prince learned that they spent
too much of their money in the public
houses on Sunday and were unfit for work
on Monday, he changed pay day to Tues
day with their consent.
VANITY OB’ WOMEN, CONVICTS.
The Ruling Passion Strong in a Con
dition Worse Than Death.
From the Philadelphia Press.
One would think that the female con
vict would be tho last person in the world
to think of personal adornment, but this, it
seems, is not so. The majority of con
victs are pronounced, by some one who
has looked into the matter; to be the vain
est of the vain daughters of Mother Eve.
A writer in an English paper says that
our hapless countrywoman, Mrs. May
brick, set the fashion in Woking Prison of
wearing the skirt long, that is, with a
train, as she was wearing such when she
entered the prison.
The dresses served out to the convicts
are constant sources of annoyance to
them, and many an hour is spent in touch
ing up and altering.
At Millbank, another English prison,
some years since, a female convict was
discovered to be in possession of three
tallow candles, which, if they had not
been missed, would no doubt have been
used as pomade! Periodically the hinges'
of the cell doors are oiled, and strange as
it may seem convicts have been detected
wiping the oil and putting it on their
hair.
One woman created quite a sensation
among the female convicts in Woking
prison by reason of the brilliancy of the
color of her cheeks and lips. Many of
her fellow-prisoners became most envi
ous, and exercised every kind of blandish
ment in order to induce the fortunate one
to part with her secret—but in vain.
At last one day she became quite
friendly with a young convict to whom
she took a fancy, and during the ten
minutes’ chat (female convicts are al
lowed to converse with each other for
this allotted time) she confided the secret.
It was soon all over the prison, and very
soon on most ot the checks of the women
could be found traces of color. The
“paint” was obtained in the following
ingenious manner: In the aprons that
the women were wearing there was, run
ning through the pattern, a bright-red
stripe, and this was carefully drawn out.
W’hen unraveled and chewed in the mouth
the color or dye was released, and thus
the paint was obtained which decorated
their faces and lips.
In the same prison a convict had re
peated fainting fits without any cause
discoverable by the medical officer. One
day she was attacked in chapel, and,
upon her removal to the infirmary, she
was undressed, when to their astonish
ment the authorities found the fits pro
ceeded from tight lacing, and from the
effects produced by the pieces of wood
and wire which the convict had managed
to force into her stays in order to make
her waist slender.
The prison authorities in their wisdom
have not deemed it necessary to supply
the female convicts with that ever-ready
and indispensable article so dear to the
feminine gender—tho -hairpin—but ne
cessity, the mother of invention. Is ever
at work, and the convict will spend hours
in tearing out bits of wire from the win
dow guard and afterward bending them
into the required shape.
Leaves from the Bible are often torn
out to make the old-fashioned “cracker”
curls, but this practice, if found out. in- '
volves a very serious punishment.
Even the “life” prisoners are not ex
empt from this desire to make the best
possible appearance, and they will scheme,
plot and plan for months together inorder
to become possessed of a piece of broken
window pane in order to make a looking
glass.
While out in the exercise yard a convict
will rapidly scan the ground in the hope
of coining across a piece of glass. Once
possessed of it, she will run the risk of
solitary confinement on a breadrand-water
; diet in order to get it into her cell. A
piece of black cloth at the back of the
piece of glass makes an excellent mirror.
Here it will be hidden in all conceivable
places, and many a violent woman, ill
favored by nature, has been known to be
come subdued after being able to admire
her features by means of the mirror.
BANKER OLEWB’ VIEWS.
The Financial Outlook as Seen From
Wall Street.
New York, Sept. 15.—There has been
some reaction from the activity on the
stock exchange immediately following the
ending of tariff legislation; but neverthe
less, the improved tone of the market and
the increased strength of values are fully
maintained. The extraordinary ease in
money has brought into the market an
unusually large amount of funds for em
ployment in stocks so soon as the con
ditions become ripe for a general and ma
terial rise in values; and, at a later stage,
the purchases of this class of operators are
likely to develop a very active campaign.
In the meantime, however, is a
good basis for purchases on the breaks in
prices, and tne policy of quick turns for
moderate profits is likely to bring satis
factory results.
Wall street is already beginning to oc-
cupy itself with the prospects of the com
ing congressional elections. The main
matter around which interest centers is
the currency question. It is taken for
granted that that issue must come up for
settlement, even though the session of
congress be the short one; and much in
terest turns on the question—how far the
disposition of the next congress may be
changed on the currency question? The
possibility that both parties, owing to
party competition, may bid for the votes
of the populists is the main cause of any
uneasiness on this account. It is, how
ever, very possible that the influence of
any mere populist theories may
be thwarted by congress taking
up the question next December ana
putting it through before March 4.
There has been no congressional action
to show very clearly how congressional
opinion stands upon the currency issue I
but among members of the House who
hate been best situated to form a judg
ment, there is a strong hope that it may
be found possible to carry through, be
fore next March, a measure that will set
at rest the silver and the fiat money
crazes through putting our bank currency
system upon a broader and more liberal,
and yet absolutely secure basis, and
by substituting it for the $500,000,000
of government notes which now consti
tute the weak feature of our monetary
system. If this can be done, the mone
tary complexion of the new congress will
be a matter of secondary importance. It
rests very much with the men of finance,
whose experience affords the best qualifi
cations for guiding opinion on this ques
tion, to show the way toward an early
and wise settlement of this vexed ques
tion. There are ways in which they can
make their guidance influential; and in
proportion as they discreetly’ use their
power will be the chances of 'a final
placing of the currency settlement be
yond the reach of both silver maniacs and
populists.
POLITICS IN TWO STATES.
Comments on Affairs in Georgia and
South Carolina.
GEORGIA.
Athens Banner: Gen. Evans is re
deeming in the most effective way pos
sible, his promise to the people to .stump
the state in thq interest of the nominee
of the Democratic party for governor.
And he is doing good work, too.
Tattnall Journal: Watson says much
about depreciation of property values in
Georgia. Cause —dishonest pops and dis
honest returns. A prominent third party
leader in Franklin county returned his
land this spring at SI,BOO and sold it a
few days ago for $3,450 cash. This ex
plains all.
Valdosta Telescope: For the first tlma
in an age South Georgia asks the people
of the state for one of the senators. She
presents a man the peer of any in Amer
ica, a statesman, honest, bold and true,
around whose splendid record every dem
ocrat can join hands. Now, if North
Georgia wants to "tote fair” let them aid
in sending Hon. fjenry G. Turner to the
Senate.
Hartwell Bee: “This certifies that 1
have been with the Third party for
three years; have done what I could ia
my humble way for its success, but hav
ing been convinced that there is nothing
in it for anybody but the office seekers I
now propose to renew my allegiance to
the Democratic party, and vote the
democratic ticket as long as it con
tinues in the future as it has been in the
past, the party for all the people.
Thomas Bailby.”
Valdosta Times (Editor Pendleton’s
paper): Editors Pendleton and Howell
were members of the state platform com
mittee, at the last state convention. Edi
tor Pendleton, and those who thought
like him on that committee, framed the
financial plank which was adopted unani
mously by the convention. Editor
Howell and his kind on that committee
fought to the end, and voted against it
in the committee room. Now, does that
plank represent Editor Pendleton’s
views, or does it represent Editor
Howell’s?
Oglethorpe Echo: When the Demo
cratic party took control of Georgia there
was not a public school in the state. Now
there are public free schools for both
races on almost every hill top, where all
the .youths of the land may be thoroughly
instructed in the elementary branches of
an English education without any charge
whatever. The state of Georgia under
the control and movement of the Demo
cratic party has brought these blessings
to the youths of our great state, and.
while the third party speakers proclaim
that they will do greater things in the
way of education than have ever been
done heretofore, their assertions are de
ceptive and unwarranted by their party
platform. They have an educational
plank in their platform, but it is "strad
dle,” and does not pledge the govern
ment to pay anything for educational pur- ,
poses.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
Macon (Ga.) Telegraph: T. Larry
Gantt, along with his two sons, having
been thoroughly thrashed on a street of
the South Carolina town where he now
lives, admitted before the police court
that all the fault was his and paid th a
fine of everybody concerned. Col. Gantt,
as his old acquaintances in Georgia know,
is about the easiest man in the world to
satisfy after he has been whipped. Unde?
such circumstances he is ever generous
and forgiving.
Newberry Herald and News: If &
ticket is put in the field defeat is inevita
ble. Without a ticket we see no good to
be accomplished by organization at this
time. On the other hand, we can sea
much harm that may result from making
a hopeless fight. The time for making
the fight this year has passed. * * *
The best thing that we can do now is to
let things rock. An enthusiastic and ear
nest position of masterly inactivity would
be about the best thing we could do. That
is the way we feel, and we would be very
glad to see Newberry take no part in tha
call for a convention to be held in Colum
bia on the 17th.
Prominent-
Physician
Praises
Ayer’s Sarsaparilla. The celebra
ted J. Francis Bourns. M. D.,
of Philadelphia, Pa., who has for
many years been connected with
the Orphanage Corporation of
that city, says with reference to
AYERS
Sarsaparilla
“Having thoroughly tested, in
jny practice as a physician, the
alterative action of Ayer’s Sar
saparilla, I view it as of une
qualed excellence.”—J Francis
Bourns, 1035 Walnut St., Phila,
Highest
Awards at
. World’s Fair.
3