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THE WOMAN OF FASHION.
(Copyright)
How early Fashion declared herself
this season. Here it is only a week after
the horse show, and everybody knows
what the winter styles are likely to be.
The event which is supposed to usher in
the season’s styles was behindhand for
some reason this year, for somehow there
were no surprises in the way of custum
ing to be found at it. We were all pre
pared for Puquin skirts and jet bodices
and velvet sleeves and pearl trimmings
and real laces. We knew just how they
would be disposed in the costume, just
where the fur band ought to go, just
how the puffs should droop, and the exact
cut of the revere. So no one enjoyed the
great show quite so much as usual. Truth
to tell, all this magnificence is telling
upon us. We have reached the limit of
admiration; and epithets and exclama
tions grow so wearisome. It is tiresome to
be in a constantly ecstatic state over
the beauty of a gown or a bonnet. Even
the shop windows are overdoing their dis
plays. It is a constant panarama of
magnificence, so constant that one is sa
tiated with it all, and becomes indifferent
to all ot it. How far off is the reaction?
When will the reign of simplicity be
ushered In?
No wonder lovely woman heaves a
great sigh of relief when she comes In
from a busy, social afternoon, slips off
that heavy, jetted satin gown, and takes
out the simplest and loosest of wrappers.
How she revels In that light, warm elder
down or cashmere or flannel—whatever it
may be. For just a few minutes she
lies still in the great chair, with every
nerve relaxed and eyes closed. Then
comes the hateful task of another elabor
ate toilette. Thank heaven! some of us
have more time or wrappers and home
gowns than that. It is the gown that a
woman loves before everything else. When
she gets into it she is no longer the “ad
vanced” woman, with “rights,” but only
an unobtrusive, attractive female, rest
ing In her pretty sitting room, with those
graceful folds lying all about her, and
with a Calm and sweet content in her face,
when ybu see her thus, you wish there
were no such things as platforms and
clubs, where grave matters rewarding
wonfan’s welfare require discussion. You
would like her to stay right there and
comfort you with her brightness and sim
ple talk.
You like her in & simple wrapper,
but find her even more attractive in
a pretty tea gown. The creator of the
tea gown was surely inspired. We may
touch it with fashion, we may add ex
travagant trimmings, it may savor of
one’s individuality, or it may be quite
plain. If you have a pet fancy in the
way of drapes or lace arrangements,
you may bring IL out in your tea gown.
Nothing is freer from the decrees of
fashion, although still conforming to them
in a vague, general way.
For the modest gown crepe and crepon
are still the materials—crepe, in both
cotton and wool, crepe, tn soft, silky
folds, and very gauzy; so thin, Indeed,
that it is generally lined with silk of a
corresponding or brightly contrasting
shade.
Perhaps the very prettiest of crepe
gowns that has been worn so far this
season is of a delicate gray tint, lifted
throughout with bright cerise sRk. If
you were bold enough to peep beneath
the gown, you would see that the ce
rise was finished with a deep plaited
flouncing, that made the gray stand out.
The foot of the gray was trimmed with
two rows of eerise velvet ribbon, set
between double ruches of the crepe. The
waist trimming is most charming. A
square yoke back and front, is made of
alternate gray and cerise stripes, joined
by delicate open-work embroidery. At
the back the yoke is outlined by a flounce
of cream lace, the net of which Is caught
up into festooned heading; the lace comes
over the shoulders, down the sides a
little way, and then crosses the cor
selet in quaint fashion, falling below the
waist line, over each hip, in a long, slen
der point. Just at the belt is a velvet
chou, each side. The lower bodice Is
gathered to the yoke, and caught in at
the belt with a lovely twisted scarf of
the crepe, falling in ends to the feet,
finished with choux. The sleeves are big
of course, of the striped gray and cerise.
The collar is a crush of the bright velvet
and the whole thing is as bright and
graceful and delicate as one could ask.
Another of these light creations is in
even thinner cream crepe, touched with
pink and blue lines at wide Intervals, and
with a half-inch stripe of the blue, once
in awhile. The rib of the crepe is very
large. This Is lined with thin white silk.
It is made simply, with the back laid in
folds that point in at the belt, and with
the point outlined by a ruffle of flne lace,
and finished at the belt by short, crush
loops of blue ribbon. The lace is brought
up over the shoulders, and down the
front each side of a loose surplice effect.
The surplice is made of three flne ruffles
of the crepe, that are doubled so that
the blue stripe fobms an edging for
each. There, too, blue ribbon is tied, and
falls in streamers to the feet.
A pink cashmere can be made at home,
so easy is it, and yet it is very effect
ive. Thia one has a Watteau, a modest one,
and a round collar in the back of the
pink. Its edge is laid with narrow, flat
guipure, In a pretty edge, and just in
side, separated only by a band of black
moire ribbon, lies Insertion to correspond.
Both lace and insertion lie partly over the
black, bringing out the design more
clearly. The stock collar of black velvet
has its base covered with the edging. In
front. In place of the deep collar, lie two
long Vandykes of the cashmere, each
formed of two points—a short one Inside
the long one that reaches to the waist.
Each of the four points is trimmed with
the Insertion and edge, with the black
moire laid between. Broad moire ribbon,
starting beneath the Watteau, ties in
front In a long bow.
After the delicate gown comes the mag
nificent one. which my lady dons for an
elaborate tea. One of these, a debutante
tea, takes place next Wednesday. The
matron who introduces her only daughter,
la still young, and wears a gown of del
icate mauve brocade, which falls in rich
folds straight from the neck and spreads
into a train at the back. It is surmounted
by a collar of pervenche—the new pur
ple-velvet covered with rare lace, a
small, round yoke of the same lies just
below. Out of the yoke drop pendants of
the lace, being over the brocade. A full
mauve sleeve is caught up in queer puf
fings, is finished by a velvet cuff, lace
trimmed. and topped by a velvet epau
lette, overlaid with the lace pendants. At
thia tea the fair debutante will have no
less than fifteen young maidens to as
sist her receive, all of whom will be clad
iu simple silk and crepe gowns, trimmed
with lace.
All of the fashionables are making more
and more of the afternoon tea, partic
ularly because the dinner hour has been
set so late. Those families that cling to
the notion of home life, endeavor, at
this time, to have all of the members of
the family together. Mrs. William K.
Vanderbilt takes an opportunity at this
hour of chatting with all her near rela
tives. who know that they will never be
disappointed if they run in upon her at
tea time. Ot course, the hostess makes
the tea herself. Nothing else is hospitable
or correct; nor can she ever appear to bet
ter advantage than when filling the deli
cate cups—simple English fashion.
After simplicity and magnificence comes
the picturesque afternoon gown that is
worn at the literary tea, the afternoon
readings, and all those unique affairs
given by the women who aspire to origi
nality.
One of the most striking of these Is a
redingote, made of gorgeous rose and
green damask, and edged with silver fox.
It opens down the front to show the
gathers of rose silk that fall from neck
to foot, girdled by green velvet. A yoke
effect Is given by three bands of the fox
whlch cross the silk. The redingote has
a great Valoi’s collar, and long Japanese
sleeves, falling over the plain one of rose
silk. Sleeves and collar have the fox
edging.
The 'pattern which is offered this week
Is that a very dainty and original tea
gown. It will be seen from the illustra
tion that the folds are caught up into a
drapery at the bust headed with loops of
the same; and that the edge has a grace
ful pointed ribbon effect, each point fin
ished with a chou. The watteau effect of
the back is similarly headed, and the el
bow puffs and neck have a pointed lace
trimming.
TALES OF THE TURF.
An Old Virginian’s Recollections of
Bygone Racing Days.
Page McCarty in the Philadelqhla Times.
The American race horse is of the best
blood of England, beginning with Diomed,
the first winner of the Derby, who was
imported to America, and through his
illustrious son, Sir Archie, out of import
ed Catlanira, the progenitor of the mag
nificent family of “four mile nags” that
made the Metairie course of New Orleans,
the Washington course of Charleston.
Broad Rock and Fairfield of Richmond,
and the Long Island course so famous by
their achievements. Priam, also a win
ner of the Derby, was another of the im
ported horses, and Glencoe, equally noted,
while Leamington was inferior to either of
the others. Through Timolian, Boston
and Lexington we come down to the period
just before the civil war, when Virginia
and South Carolina boasted three horses
that were unmatched and peerless on
the American turf. Planet, Fanny Wash
ington and Albine, the last being the
South Carolinian.
In olden times no horse was anything
who could not run four-mile heats with a
chance of having three to run before he
could win, and around all the racing of
that day, patronized and fostered by the
jolly and genial planter gentry of the south
Caere is an interest which needs nothing of
ideal tradition to Impart charm and ro
mance. The Metairie and ty ashington
courses were especially noted for the bril
liancy of the meetings and the array of
beauty that crowded the grand stand;
while in Virginia, Fairfield and Broad
Rock courses were scarcely less famous,
and with the advantage of being the cen
ter of that region of Virginia and North
Carolina between the Roanoke and Rap
pahannock rivers, which all old racers un
hesitatingly pronounce the greatest race
horse country in the world. The cock
fighting gentry of the olden time may
have been questioned on their boast of an
cestry, but no one can deny them the
glory of the “four milers.”
At Broad Rock the planters often bet
farms and negroes, and the excitement
was so great that preachers sometimes
caught the mania, and a most pious bish
op was highly extolled for letting off a
young divine who had been caught on the
quarter stretch. One of the famous races
of the olden time was a sweepstakes for
the carriage of Lafayette at Tree Hill, the
Richmond course, which antedated the
other two. Jack Randolph, Nat Macon,
Gen. Jackson, Henry Clay, and every
other distinguished gentleman sport of the
time was there, and the carriage was won
by Capt. Belcher, riding his own horse,
whose name the. writer cannot just now
recall.
The greatest race in America, as old
turfmen view it, was the match between
Red Eye and Nina, half brother and sis
ter, both sired by Boston. Red Eye had
about a one-hundredth part of Potomac,
blood in him, but even these few drops
of the famous scrub racer’s blood gave the
noble steed a welter-weight to carry that
handicapped him in the prejudices of the
\ iiginians in spite of his great achieve
ments. He was a very devil for temper
and showed it in an eye like
He won the first heat, and his owner told
the boy, a little pet negro named Ander
son, to hold him back and let the mare
win the second, so as to make Red Eye’s
bottom tel), but the horse’s look was per
fectly diabolical, and he reared and
charged as if he would whip the entire
crowd, and the people ran from his very
look, while the little boys got off the fences
and climbed the trees to get out of his
way. The boy managed to keep the re
serve power in him four times around, and
he was taken off looking mad and fresh
enough for another heat right then. The
next heat he won easily, making the great
est achievement then or since known on
the turf, taking time and distance into
consideration.
If the district of country from Richmond
to Raleigh was peculiar in the quality of
its horses, it was not less noted for a
set of men gallant, amiable and generous
in the extreme; and the chief, by common
acclaim, was Col. William R. Johnson, a
handsome man of low stature, but whose
massive head and full, lustrious eyes in
dicated the unmistakable genius that
gave him the surname of the “Napoleon
of the Turf.” He knew the points of a
horse instinctively, and the fact that he
was born in North Carolina and raised in
Virginia contributed to heighten nature’s
rich bounty of shrewdness and wit. His
boyhood gave promise of great things,
for before he wm twelve years old he
played cards with his school teacher and
won the note for 1100 which his father
had paid that good and careful perceptor
for teaching the young idea how to shoot
and tell the truth. He had already traded
the pony he rode to school about ten
times, and when in his thirteenth year
he left schobl because there was no teach
er smart enough to teach him anything,
his father was naturally irritated at such
youthful impudence. This caused the in
cipient Napoleon to try his hand at mer
cantile life, in the capacity of clerk in
a country store, and such was his success
I that he effected a romantic reconciliation
with his father in the following year un
der these Interesting circumstances: Some
how or other the old man had gotten into
pecuniary distress, and what with that
[ and the alarm of finding himself the fa
ther of such a smart boy, he went to a
I banker to borrow some money, which, if
tradition may be trusted any better than
debtors, must have been a popular con
solation in those days.
“Pshaw,” says the banker, “there ain’t
nobody can lend you $5,000 these times,
unless it is little Billy Johnson.”
"Psahw. yourself,” says the old man
Johnson; “you don’t mean my little Billy*’”
“Don’t I?” says the banker; “you just
I try, will you?”
He did. He went to his prototype prodi
gal and says he in a forgiving tone. ‘Billy,
you are rather a good boy. I forgive you
everything. Lend me $5,000?”
“Five thousand?” said Billy. “Why, pa.
I’ll lend you ten.” and did, but at what
rate of filial interest is not recorded.
One of CoL Johnson's achievements on
THE WEEKLY NEWS (TWO-TIMES-A-WEEK): THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 29. 1894.
the turf w r as at Camden, N. J., after his
horse Blue Dick had been beaten three
times by Fashion. He was bantered to
enter the horse once more, and, having
repeatedly* declined, was told at last by
some one something to the effect that
Fashion could, of course, beat the horse,
but that to make the race and in the in
terest of the turf he should consent to
run him again.
“The mare can certainly beat the
horse,” said the colonel, “and I have
done enough to enter him three times,
but if you insist on a race I will bet $lO,-
000 that the mare cannot beat him by ten
feet.”
This was such a close calculation on a
beatqn horse that it did not take five min
utes to raise the SIO,OOO. The mare won
the first heat by six feet and the second
by seven and a quarter, and this was
justly considered a piece of racing work
wherein perfect knowledge of horseflesh
and subtle calculation of circumstances
and respective powers of the two animals
overcame chances and made the bet cer
tain.
FROM “A GREEN CARNATION.”
The New York Herald says that it is an
nounced that the author of “A Green Car
nation,” which, when published in London
a few weeks ago, created such a flutter, is
Mr. R. S. Hitchens, a writer practically
unknown to this country and but little
known in his own. The authorship of the
book was variously attributed to Oscar
Wilde, to Oscar Wilde’s sister, to E. F.
Benson, the author of Dodo, and to J. Mc-
Neil Whistler. Much of its vogue is due
to its pungent witticisms on various well
known authors and public folk of the Eng
lish metropolis.
These are some of the epigrams and
caustic drives which have set all London
smiling:
“I think you are wronging good women,
Lord Reggie,” said Lady Locke, rather
gravely.
“It is almost impossible to wrong a wo
man nowadays,” he answered pensively.
“Women are so busy in wronging men.”
“Lady Jeune,” said Amarinth, “makes
one great mistake. She judges of society
by her own parties, and looks at life
through the spectacles of a divorce court
judge. No wonder she is the bull terrier
of modern London life.”
“In conversation one has to choose be
tween being dangerous and being dull.
Society loves to feel itself upon the edge
of a precipice. To be harmless is the most
deadly enemy to social salvation. Strict
respectability would even handicap a rich
Americans nowadays, and rich Americans
are terribly respectable by nature. That
is why they are always so anxious to get
into the Prince of Wales’ set.”
“No, the words are not mine,” said Reg
gie; "they are really taken from the ’Song
of Solomon.’ I had no idea that4he Bible
was so intensely artistic. There are pas
sages in the book of Job that I should not
be ashamed to have written.”
“ ‘The Second Mrs. Tanqueray' has made
suicide quite the rage. A number of
most respectable ladies, without the ves
tige of a past among them, have put an
end to themselves lately, I am told. To
die naturally has become quite unfash
ionable.”
“I think he means well,” said Mrs. Wind
sor.
“I am afraid so,” Amarinth answered.
"People who mean well always do badly.”
" ‘My dear lady, if you read Mr. Jerome
K. Jerome you will find that he is the
reverse of Beerbohm Tree as Hamlet,
Tree’s Hamlet is funny, without being
vulgar. Jerome’s writings are vulgar,
without being funny.”
“Look, Emily, there goes George Mere
dith into the postofflee. Mr. Amarinth
says he is going to get out a new edition
of Mr. Meredith’s works, ‘Done Into Eng
lish” by himself. It is such a good idea,
but It would be very difficult to do, I
suppose. However, Mr. Amarinth is so
clever that he might manage it.”
“Charity,” he observed, “usually begins
abroad.”
“You are very amusing,” she said
bluntly. "I wonder if you have a philoso
phy of life?”
“I have,” he said—“a beautiful one.”
“What is it?”
“Take everything and nothing seriously.
And in your career of deception always,
if possible, include yourself among those
whom you deceive.”
“The art of life is the art of defiance.
To defy—that is what we ought to live
for, instead of living as we do, to acqui
esce.”
“There Is nothing in the world worth
having, except youth—youth, with its per
fect sins, sins with the dew upon them
like red roses—youth, with its purple pas
sions and its wild and wonderful tears.
Ah, my dear friend, let us sin while we
may. for the time will come when we shall
be able to sin no more.”
“A nineteenth century cynic minus vit
riol would be like a goose minus sage and
onions. I prefer to be a goose with these
alleviations of the goose nature.”
“I shall go and lie down and read Os
car Wilde’s decay of lying. That always
sends me to sleep. It s like himself all
artfulness and no art.”
“Esme is the bravest man I know,”
said Reggie, taking some marmalade. “I
thing sometimes that he sins even more
perfectly than I do. “He is so varied.”
“Intelligence is the demon of our age.
mine bores me horribly. I am alweys
i trying to find a remedy for it. I have ex
: perimen ted with absinthe. I have read
the collected works of Walter Besant.
| They are said to sap the mental powers.
: They do not sap mine. What am I to
I do? I so long for the lethargy, the sweet
I peace of stupidity. If only I were Lewis
I Morris'.”
“One must perpetually doubt to be
s faithful. Perplexity and mistrust fan af
fection into passion, and so bring about
those beautiful tragedies that alone
make life worth living.”
“You have a beautiful soul,” said he,
i softly, “and I have a beautiful sou), too.
Why should there not be syinpathy be
tween us? Lady Locke, I am the victim
; of depression. I am suffering from the
malady of life.”
“When he could not be witty, he often
told the naked truth, and truth without
any clothes on frequently passes for epi
gram. It is daring, and s 6 it seems
! clever.”
I “He knew he was great, and he said
' so often in society. And society smiled
and murmured that it was a pose. Ev
erything is a pose nowadays, especially
l genius.”
“He believed that art showed the way
to nature, and worshiped the abnormal
with all the passion of his impure and
i subtle youth.”
“There is nothing so absolutely pathetic
I as a really fine paradox. Everything that
i is true is inappropriate.”
“Our artists, as they call themselves,
are like Mr. Grant Allen—they say that
all their failures are ‘pot-boilers.’ They
i love that word. It covers so many sins
of commission. They set down their in
competence as an assumption which
makes it almost graceful and stick up the
struggle for life as a Moloch requiring
the sacrifice of genius. Mr. Grant Allen
> could have been Darwin, no doubt, but
Darwin could never have been Mr. Grant
s Allen.”
!
“Maturity is one long career of sayiijg
■ what one ought not to say. That is the
i art of conversation. Artless impropriety
is quite played out. Yvette Guilbert gave
t it its deathblow.”
i “ ‘I always know when Mr. Henry James
i has thought of a clever thing at a party."
i “ ‘How?’
“ 'By his leaving it immediately and in
i total silence. He rushes home to write
i his thought down. His memory is treach
i erous.’
“ ‘And does he often have to leave a
party?’
” ‘Pretty often. About once a year, I
believe.’ ”
“If George Moore could only learn the
subtle art of indecency he might be toler
able. As it is, he is, like Miss Yonge,
merely tedious and domesticated.”
“ ’Oh, Esme, when you are drunk I
could listen to you forever. Go on—go
on.’
“ ‘Remember my epigrams, then, dear
boy, and repeat them to me to-morrow. I
am dining out with Oscar Wilde, and
that is only to be done with prayer and
fasting.’ ”
“ ‘Reggie, give me a gold-tipped cig
arette and I will be brilliant. I will be
brilliant for you alone, remembering my
Whistler as commonplace people remem
ber their obligations, or, as Mme. Val
tesi remembers to forget her birthday.’ ’’
TELEPATHY IN INSECTS.
Some Remarkable Instances of Highly
Developed Senses.
From the Washington Star.
Can it be that bugs are endowed with a
wonderful sixth sense? Prof. C. V. Riley
thinks he has discovered satisfactory evi
dence of telepathy among Insects—that is
to say, a sixth sense, by which they are
are able to communicate ideas from one
to another at great distances. The power,
as illustrated in the case about to be men
tioned, evidently depends not upon sight
or smell or hearing. The fact that man
is able to transmit sound by telegraph
almost instantaneously around the globe
may suggest something of this subtle
power, even though it furnishes no ex
planation thereof.
Once upon a time Prof. Riley had two
ailanthus trees in his front yard. They
suggested to him the idea of obtaining
from Japan some eggs of the ailanthus
silkworm. He got a few and hatched
them, rearing the larvae and watching
anxiously for the appearance of the first
moths from the cocoons. He put one of
the moths in a little wicker cage and hung
it up out of doors on one "of the ailanthns
trees. This was a female moth. On the
same evening he took a male moth to a
cemetery a mile and a half away and let
him loose, having previously tied a silk
thread around the base of his abdomen
to secure subsequent identification.
Prof. Riley’s purpose in this perform
ance Was to find out if the young male
and the female moth would come together
for the purpose of mating, they being in
all probability the only insects of their
species within a distance of hundreds
of miles, excepting only the others pos
seijsedJay Prof. Riley himself. This power
of locating each other had previously
been remarked ‘in these insects. In this
case sure enough the male was found
with the captive female the next morning.
The latter had been able to attract the
former from a distance of a mile and a
half.
Concerning the ordinary senses of in
sects comparatively little is known. Most
of them ordinarily see well, the eyes of
many species being far more elaborate
than those of human belngs.The eyes of
common house flies and dragon flies are
believed to be better fitted than the human
eye for observing objects in motion,
though those creatures are short-sighted.
It may be reasonably be supposed that in
sects possess taste, judging from the dis
crimination which they exercise in the
choice of their food. That they have smell
is a matter of common observation, and
has been experimentally proved by Sir
John Lubeck and others.
Mbst insects seem to be deaf to the
sounds which are heard by human be
ings. At the same time there is no ques
tion that they produce sounds and hear
sounds that are entirely beyond our qwn
range of auditory preception. Sir
John Lubeck has said that we can no
more form an idea of these sounds than
we should have been able to conceive a
notion of red or green if the human race
had been blind. The air is doubtless often
vocal with the sounds made by insects of
so high a pitch as to be entirely out of
range of man’s power to hear.
Certain senses in insects appear to be
beyond comprehension. The neuters
among the ants known as "termites” are
blind, and can have no sense of light in
their burrowings; yet they will reduce a
beam of wood or an elaborate piece of fur
niture to a mere shell without once gnaw
ing through to the surface. An analogy is
found among mammals, a bat in a
lighted room, though blinded as to sight
will fly in all directions with great swift
ness. and with infallible certainty of
avoiding concussion or contact with any
object. It seems to be able to feel at a dis
tance.
PUT TRUST IN HER DREAM.
On the Strength of It She Claims a
Sharo of a Large Estate.
From the Baltimore American.
Claimants for portions of the estate of
the late William Sinclair, who died intes
tate at his home, near Cantonsville, re
cently, leaving nearly 12,000,000, have been
pressing thick and fast upon Messrs. Bai
ton & Wilmer, attorneys, who have charge
of the estate, but the most remarkable of
them all, as Is Mrs. Alice Mariner of Carls-
I tadt, N. J. That lady writes to the law
j yers that she believes she is the daughter
[ of Mr. Sinclair by his first wife, a Miss
Shaw of Great George’s street, Liverpool,
England, who died there before Mr. Sin
clair left to come to America, over forty
years ago. Mrs. Mariner says that her
maiden name was Alice Sinclair, and that
■ she was told in a dream that she was the
heir to Mr. William Sinclair.
. Mr. Sinclair was twice married, but had
' no children by either marriage. As far
I as his attorneys know, he was never in
: England, even to visit there. He was di
| vorced from his first wife more than fif
teen years ago, and that lady lived in ’he
J south until the time of her death, which
! took place in Georgia about three years
■ ago. Some time after his divorce Mr. Sin
| clair married again. Mrs. Phoebe Sinclair,
; who now resides at Cantonsville, survives
i him. As he left no will, his estate will
i be divided as follows: One-third to his I
■ widow, Mrs. Phoebe Sinclair, and the re- ■
! maining two-thirds among his heirs at
law. The interest of Mrs. Sinclair, the
widow, is not at all affected by the rival
claimants for the remainder of the es
tate.
"Scribbler’s wife has become insane ”
i “By Jove, I’m not surprised.'” “Why not’”
“The last time I saw him he was writ-
i ing the libretto of a comic opera. I’ll bet '
he has been reading it to her.”—New I
I York Press.
A LESSON IN CHINESE.
A Vade Mecum to Elucidate Eastern.
War Dispatches.
From the Burlington Hawkeye.
Newspaper readers who attentively fol
low the course of events in Eastern Asia
are doubtless oftentimes puzzled over the
queer names of Chinese and Korean towns
and cities, and wonder over their mean
ing. Although not in complete mastery
of the language of the Celestials, we are
able, to give the patrons of “The Hawk
eye” the meaning of some of the sounds,
and syllables which occur most frequently
in Chinese names. Thus hei means black;
hia, the lower; huang, yellow; nan, south
ern; pai, white; pel, northern; po, white;
shang, the upper; si, western; siad, small;
ta, large, great; tung, eastern. The end
ings have a qualifying meaning, and here
is a list of them: Alin means mountain;
chof, city; ehen, city; chuang, village;,
goi, stream; hada, mountain; hai, lake;
ho, river; hoto, city; hotum, city; hu,
lake; khi, stream; khinno, bridge; khon,
mouth of a river; giang, river; kon,
stream; kuenn, fort or camp; ling, pass,
men, gate; muren, river; nor, lake or
swamp; omo, lake; po, lake or swamp;
phu, village; sha, sandbank; shan, is
land or mountain; shut, stream; so, fort
or camp; sfu, village; tas, island; tschang,
village; tschen, city; tchu, river; tchuan,
river; than, rapids; thun, village; tien,
lake or swamp; tien, village; tse, lake in
swamp; tsi, village; ulua, river; ussu,
stream; wei, fort or camp; ying, fort or
camp.
This small list, which contains no less
than eleven different words all meaning
stream or river, gives an idea of the wealth
of words of the Chinese language. The
difficulties of learning the language of
these Orientals for foreigners are enor
mous, and it is as equally difficult to
learn to write as to speak it. The Chinese
use about 60,000 different signs or charac
ters in their writing and often a combina
tion of thirty or forty of these is neces
sary to express the meaning of a single
idea. The Japanese, however, progres
sive in everything, are on the way to
emancipating themselves • rom the bane
of such a language; they are making ef
forts to introduce the Latin characters in
general use, substituting them for the 60,-
000 characters which they have taken
from the Chinese and kept in use with
slight alterations. The Romanic charac
ters are taught in the better schools and
already one or more newspapers in the
Japanese language appear, printed in La
tin letters.
A peculiar squabble about words has
arisen from China’s declaration of war
against Japan, dated Aug. 1. In it the
Japanese are termed as "Wo” or “Wa,”
which means “servants” or “vassals.”
The word had been used for long centuries
as the name of the Japanese, but latterly
it has received a| contemptuous meaning,
and as the Japanese have for quite a while
past claimed the name of “Ji-Kwo” or
“Ji-pen,” the people of the “Land of
the Rising Sun,” they looked upon the ap
pellation given them by the Chinese as an
Intentional and deadly insult. Japan is
not the only country, however, which
complains about Chinese want of cour
tesy. Other foreign persons have had
reason to protest against the habit of the
Chinese government to insert, in the con
fident belief, that the foreigners would not
comprehend the meaning, terms in the
treaties made with them which were any
thing but flatterijp*. Foreign ambassa
dors, therefore, became more careful and
employed experienced Interpreters to care
fully search all documents composed in
the Chinese language for any opprobrious
terms. When the cunning Chinese noticed
this, they hastened to reconciliate the for
eigners, by applying to them in their docu
ments the most flattering terms of en
dearment. And hence England is to-day
by the Chinese called “Ying-Two,” the i
flourishing; France, “Fa-Two,” the land
where laws live; Italy, “T-Two,” the
land of justice; Germany “Te-Two,” the
one rich in virtues, and the United States, j
“Mei Kwo,” the beautiful.
' '"T -
THE MIKADO WAS SLY.
By a Ruse He Stole a March on China
and Thereby Hangs a Tale.
From the Pittsburg Dispatch,
New York, Nov. 9.—A startling story
concerning Li Hung Chang’s fall from j
imperial grace is recounted in a private I
letter from China. It appears that the in
quiry instituted by the emperor and still
in progress relative to the manner in
which the war has been conducted and
as to how it came to pass that the Japa
nese were ever permitted to gain a foot
ing in Korea has brought to light the
following facts:
The Marquis Li, eldest son of the vice
roy, when minister plenipotentiary to the
court of Japan a few years ago,
lent the mikado, with whom he was on
very intimate terms $250,000. The loan
was not to bear interest and no date was
fixed for its reimbursement When mar
quis Li realized that hostilities between
the two countris were inevitable he went
to Tokio and asked his friend, the mikado,
to return the money before the declara
tion of war, and the mikado promised
that it would shortly be forthcoming.
Fearful of losing his money, however,
by reason of a custom that has prevailed
from time immemorial among the na
tions of the extreme east wherby all debts
are cancelled by war, the marquis wrote
to his father at Tien Tsin, begging him
not to make a military demonstration by
forwarding troops in number to Korea
until the $250,000 had been received.
The Japanese government was informed
of the request made to Li Hung Chang
by his son, and took advantage of the
former’s dilatoriness to promptly pour an
army into the hermit kingdom and other
wise circumvent their enemies.
Marquis Li discovered the mikado’s
perfidy too late. The great Li family did
their utmost to keep the emperor and
government from getting wind of the af
fair, and the viceroy tried to retrieve his
son’s losses at the expense of the national
defenses.
Had the Chinese been victorious in
Korea nothing would have been known
about the matter. Fate, however, willed
It otherwise, and not only Li Hung
Chang, but the whole family lose their
heads in consequence.
What is Courage P
From Lippincott’s Magazine.
Commenting upon such facts, the nar
rator justly observes that without other
specifications the term “hero” about as
indefinite as the word “professor.”
“Brave? in what respect?” we should al
ways ask, for there are curious subdivl-
I sions, both of moral and physical courage.
Marshal Saxe, the victor of Phillipsburg
and Fontenoy, had an absurd fear of
assassination, and in his fortified palace
of Chambord kept two constables for the
purpose of scrutinizing every unknown
visitor. The Duke of Alva got nervous at
the mere sight of a dog, and during his
residence at Ghent ordered his patrols
to shoot every unmuzzled specimen of the
obnoxious quadrupids. There are men
whose actions defy the wrath of public
opinion, but who turn pale at the thought
of seeing their names in the local news
paper; and others who advance fearlessly
to the brink of a precipice, but shudder
at sight of a spider.
The Guile of Woman—Belle—“l wouldn’t
marry a man who I thought knew less
than I did.” Blanche—“ Nor I; but I
wouldn't mind if I merely thought that
he thought so.”—Kate Field’s Washing
i ton.
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By the Rev. JAMES STOBMONTH.
With Four Appendices.
One Thick Vol., 1,228 Pages, I2mo„
Cloth, Gilt, $1.75.
PRONOUNCING. ETYMOLOGICAL AND
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Embracing Scientific and other Subjects,
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The pronunciation carefully revised by the
Rev. p. a. PHriLP, M. A. Cantab.
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