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AWKICJJi/raiRASj. I
From the Genisec Farmer.
MANAGEMENT OF A FARM.
Mr. Tucker: —Your correspon
dent P. has requested some imform
ation as to the best manner of con
ducting his farm as to improve and
make it profitable. To give par
ticular directions in such a case you
will perceive is impossible, without a
more full and minute knowledge of
the farm occupied than has been giv
en, and even then much must be left
to the judgment of your correspon
dent. To work a farm successfully,
a knowledge of the leading consti
tuents of the soil, and the manner in
which it has been treated, is necessa
ry. Some soils are adapted towheat,
while on others it is produced with
difficulty, and quite uncertain crop;
on the last the grasses are generally
found to flourish, hence are good for
grazing. As a general rule it may
be said that a farm which will pro
cure good wheat, is capable of pro
ducing any other crop of cither grass
or grain that the owner chooses to
put upon it, and is therefore capable
of any system of amelioration or im
provement that experience or science
may have devised. On the supposi
tion that P.’s is of this class, I shall
throw out a few hints, which may
possibly be useful to him or others
in farming.
Experience has shown, what in
deed theory indicated, that the suc
cessful management of the soil is
most intimately connected with a
rotation of crops; and the best man
ner in which such rotation could be
brought about, has engaged the at
tention of the most scientific and a
blc farmers of the present time.—
The doctrine of rotation if founded
on the simple but well established
law of nature, that different plants
require different kinds of food to
support them—that they take this
food from the soil in variable quan
tities, anffconscqucntly ground when
exhausted for one plant, will some
times produce an abundant growth
of another; that, such is the fact is
shown by every day's observation of
the process which gbverns the
growth of plants. It may be remark
ed also, that plants derive their
growth principally from decayed
plants, and hence in a rotation of
crops particular attention should be
given to those that return the most to
the soil on which they grow. Ref
erence too must be had to the mode
in which plants receive their nutri
tion. Some spread their roots near
the surface of the earth, as wheat,
rye, Arc., while others, as the tap
rooted plants, draw their nourish*
. nient from a greater depth, scarcely
throwing out a root near the surface.
Keeping these facts in view, the
rotation of crops, and the alternate
culture of every part of the farm,
instead of ploughing one field year
after year, or mowing another, has
introduced a new era in agriculture,
improving instead of impoverishing
the farm, while the products and
profits have in many instances more
than doubled. In the system of ro
tation. the courseot plants required
for its completion must in some mea
sure depend on the time to be gone;
through, whether tour or six years,
or. as is sometimes the case where
immediate profits arc required, only
tw oor three arc allow ed. In Penn
sylvania, w here the system has reach
ed great perfection, the course, as'
staled in the Farmer's Reporter, is
as follows:—Corn the first year; this
is always planted on sward ground.;
carefully ploughed one, two or three’
weeks before the time of planting.
The sward is well harrowed without
disturbing the sod, marked off w ith
rows three feet apart, in which the
corn is planted in hills, one and a half
or two ivet apart. The corn is plas-
tered when well up, and if 100 thick
is thinned at hoeing. The next crop
is oats or barley, sown the’succeed
ing spring. This crop is followed
by wheat, the ground being first thor
oughly manured with barn yard man- j
uro. A rye crop follows the wheat, I
with which clover seed is sowed in
March. The clover remains two or
three years, and is plastered, w hen
the same rotation commences again.
Mr. Stevens, one of the most suc
cessful farmers on the Eastern
Shore, Md., has given an account of
his system of rotation or what he
calls the “seven field system,” and
which after a long experience of oth
er modes, he decidedly prefers. His
farm is divided into seven fields, two
of which are every year in corn,
two in wheat, two clover, (one for
mowing and the other for pasture,)
and one, the stock field, vacant. —
Mr. Stevens says, “you will observe
one corn crop annually will be on
the clover, therefore as you do not
turn in clover for fallow’, which I
consider of high importance. I
would strongly recommend to have
the clover field, (after taking there
from a crop of seed,) reserved un
pastured, and turned in, in the fall,
as a preparation for corn, by w hich
means you procure all the advantage
to be derived from the clover.”
In Western New York, where
wheat is the great object, and clover
is relied on as the great renovator
of the soil, the course of cropping
has a direct reference to that object.
Where it has been required to make
the most money in the shortest time,
without reference to exhausting the
soil, wheat after wheat has been re
sorted to, to a considerable extent.
Where some regard has been had to
the future state of the soil, as well as
immediate wheat, clover and
wheat, have followed each other; and
where the object has been to improve
the soil as well as secure profit, a
course embracing from four to six
years, has been adopted, including
wheat, clover, corn and roots. In a
former volume of the “Farmer,” a
farmer of Monroe gave the following
account of his system. “My 150
acres of plough land is divided into
ten lots os 15 acres each. My course
commences in spring with three fields
in wheat, the rest all in clover, which
is to be ploughed, must be sown with
plaster. Fields Nos. 1,2, 3, in w heat.
No. 1, to receive the yard and sta
ble manure, (which must always be
the case with the hoe crops,) once
ploughed for corn, potatoes, or oth
er roots. No. 5, barley. No. 6,
mow’for w heat. No. 7, pasture for
wheat. No. 8, meadow. No. 9, &
10, pasture. Os my 150 acres, 15
of them is annually in w heat; —15
in corn, potatoes or other roots; —
11 in barlcy;-30 in clover prepara
tory to wheat; —15 for hay or pas
ture. If the corn ground is sown
with wheat, the field which was in
tended to be mow n as fallow may be
ploughed in the spring for barley or
oats, though the first is by most pre
ferred. The barley stubble should
be ploughed tw ice previous to sow
ing with wheat. The meadow which
is to be sown with w heat, if broken
up in July, must be ploughed twice;
but if left till August, only once, but
very carefully done . The pasture
which is intended for wheat ought
to be broken up in June, and twice
ploughed.’
In the Neif England Farmer for
1823—1, is a valuable paper from
Judge Ruel, detailing his course of
four years, and of live, w ith a partic
ular account of the expense and pro
fits per acre. His four years course
commenced in the spring with corn
on land thoroughly manured, the
sward turned over, rolled, and corn
planted. In the fall corn cut up by
the bottom, harrowed and ploughed,
and sown w itli wheat. Second year
wheat, with turnips after. Third
year barley, with ten pounds clover
seed per acre. Fourth year clover
pasture or mow ing. In the five years
course:—lndian corn as before.—
Second year, wheat with ten lbs. of I
clover seed per acre; —third year,
clover for mowing-after mowing I
turned over and rutabaga sown; —
fourth year, barley and clover seed
as beforc;-fifth year, clover for mow
ing or pasture. The manure in all
cases to be applied to the corn or
the turnips.
We think P. will find in the fore
going examples sufficient directoin
as to the most approved method of
cropping or cultivating his farm so
as to make it both durable and prof
itable. He must, however, bring
his own judgment largely into requi
sition, or he will alter all fail as a
farmer. Experiments and books fur
nish results and principles —the ap
plication of them must depend on
the individual. If his farm is desti
tute of fruit trees, let him apply to
some nurseryman of established pro
bity for a supply, and be careful that
the selection is of the best kind, and
adapted to his location. To plant
poor fruit trees because they can be
obtained cheaper, is miserable poli
cy, and poor fruit is worse than no
thing; and there are locations where
expenses in procuring certain kinds
of trees wou’d be entirely thrown a
way, for they will not succeed. If
P. w ishes stock, let him procure good
blood, and good formed animals, and
lie need not fear the result; the best
in such cases are usually the cheap
est in the end.
But if after P. wishes to succeed
as a farmer, he must attend to his
farm himself. lie must see there is
a place for every thing, and every
thing in its place; he must say to his
laborers, co/ne, not go; and he must
know’by personal observation t at
there is such a thing as the rising oi
the sun. With industry, prudence
and economy, a farmer cannot fail
to grow rich; and an increase of
knowledge should be in an equal or
increasing ratio.
Slate BUghts EEotei,
CANTO#, GEO.
rgf JHE subscriber respectfully informs Ins friend.-
H and the public, that he has removed from his obi
stand upon the west part of the public square, to the
house formerly occupied by 15. I* Johnson. He as.
surcs those who tnaj favor him with a call, that noth
ing will be wanting on his part to render them com
conifortable. His Table and Stables will be furnished
with the best the country ufiords.
B. F. DANIEL.
Canton. Jan. 19—1—wG.v.
IVatcii Repairing.
X - 1 J>. EDWARDS respectfully informs the pub-
wLlff * lie that lie has established himself in Cass
ville as a Silver Smith, whore he intends to remain
permantly. He will also, attend at Rome on the first
Wednesday of each month, and oftener if necessary,
to do such work as may be offeted. Persons haying
work to do in his line, will plense send it by the dif
ferent mail routes to Rome, with the directions and
owners names, and deposit it at some place in town
and it shall be punctually attended io.
All watches warranted to perform well for one year.
January 13. I—ts.
AslmiiiiMrator’!* Sale.
A GREEABLY to an onder of the honorable the
xW. Court of Ordinary of said county, will be sold
on the first Tuesday tn April next, nt the Court-house
in Cumming, Forsyth county, Lot of Land No. 140, in
the 2d District and Ist Section, of formerly Cherokee,
now Forsy/h county. Sold as the property of Joseph '
M. Waters, late of said countv, decensed.
JOSEPH WATERS, Adm’n
January 19-1 —tds.
Strayed or Stolen
o
IjIROM the residence of William Smith, Esq. liv
ing one mile from Rome, a small Sorrel Mare,;
! star in the forehead; one white foot while; no other I
marks recollected. Any person delivering said mare I
to the subscriber in Rome, or to Mr. Smith at his plan ■
ration, will be liberally rewarded.
JOHN M. JOHNSTON.
Jan. 19. 1 ts.
- .. - i
NOTICE.
HA VING determined to close my business in
Rome, in the Mercantile Lite, I therefore re
quest all persons indebted tome by Note or open ac
count, to come forward and make immediate payment,
or they will find their notes and accounts placed in
an officers hands for collection.
DAVID ROUNSAVILL.
Jan. 26. 2 3t.
GEORdLA, WALKER COUNTY.
WMTHEREAS Robert Allen applies to me for;
V v Letters of Administration on the Estate ol ■
John Gilbert, late of Jackson county, deceased.
These are therefore to cite and admomsti all and •
singular, the kindred and creditors, to be and appear
at my office wnhmibe time prescribed by law,io shew
cause, if any exist, why said letters should not be
granted.
Given under my hand at office, this 22d day oi Jan- >
uarv,
JOHN CALDWELL, ». c. c. o.
Jan 2G 2 30d.
Georgia Land for Sale.
No. 168, 28 Dist< a. Section.
73, 14 “ 3. Do.
303, 7 “ 3. “
195, 7 “ 7 4. “
231, 13 “ 4. “
285, 27 “ 2. “
209, 8 “ 2- “
85, 26 “ 2. “
19, 7 “ 2. “
128, 7 “ 2. “
169, 8 “ 1. “
40, 20 “ 2. “
582, 21 “ “ “
195, 21 “ “ “
102, 2L “ “ “
490, 21 “ “ “
157, I “ 4 “
281, “ “ 4 “
444, 15 “ 1 “
464, 12 “ “ “
781, “ “ “ “
309, 18 “ 3 “
1075, 3 “ 3 “ *
1158, 3 “ 3 “
434, 11 “ I “
265, 2 “ 3 “
1163, 3 “ 4 “
1243, 4 “ 3 “
248, 4 “ 3 “
71, 2 “ 3 “
405, 4 “ I “
34, 3 “ 1 “
938, 3 “ 1 “
607, 17 “ 2 “
For all or any of the above lots apply to
the Subscriber at Cuthbert llaixlolph County,
Georgia. A. HOWARD.
Jan. 26.—5.-4 t.
BEING permanently located in Rome, Floyd
county, tenders Ins services to the Citizens
generally, tit the practice ot Medicine and. its collate
ral branches.
Rome. Jan. 13—1—if.
NOTICE.
r BIHE Sheriffs ol Murray county, will in future ad
11 vertise in the Western Georgian. Letters on
business connected with tbeir office, must conic I’ost
Paid, otherwise they will not be attended to.
STEPHEN .105 ES Sh’ff.
February 2. 3 dr.
WALDIM
lOVEL AVJ» r
Li t era ry Enter pi sc—No co Is, '1 'a les,
Biography, Voyages, 'l'ravels,
Reviews, and the news of
the Day.
IT was one of the great objects of “ Waldie’s Li
brary,” “ to make good rending cheaper,” and to
bring literature io every mans door." Tl.eir.object
I has been accomplished; we have given to books wings,
; and they have flown to the tiiierin >st parts ot <>ur vest
continent, cartying society to the secluded, occupa
tion to the literary information of all. We now propose
. still further to reduce prices, and render the access
■ to a literary banquet, more than .wo folds accessible;
I we gave and, shall continue io give in the quorto li.
i brury, a volume weekly, for two cents a day. We now
I propose to give a volume in the same period for less
than four cents a week, and to add as n y quant sea
son ng-to the dish, a lew columns ot the shorter lite
. rary matters, and a summary of the news and events
jof the day. We know by experience and calculations
that we can go still further in the matter of reducti >n.
‘ and we feel that there is still verge enough for us to
I aim at offering to an increasing literary appetite, that
' mental food which it craves.
I The Select Circulating Library, now ns ever so
great a favorite, will continue to make its weekly vis.
ns, and to be issued i:i a form tor binding and preser
vation, and its price and form will remain tlic same.
But we shall m the first week of January, 1837, issue
a huge sheet of the size of the largest newspaper of
America, but on very superior paper; filled with books
ol the newest and most entertaining, though in their
several departments ot Novels,‘Tales, Voyages, Tra
vcls. &c. select in their character, joined with read
ing such as should fill a weekly newspaper. By this
method we hope to accomplish a great good—to enli
ven and enlighten the family circle, and to give to it,
at an expense which shall be no consideration to any,
a mass of reading that tn book form wonld alarm the
pocke's ot the prudent, and to do it in a manner that
tlte most sceptical shall acknowledge, *• the power
ol concentration can no further go." No book which
appears in Waldte’s Quarto Library, will be publish
ed tn the Omnibus, winch will be an entirely distinct
periodical.
every description.
TERMS.
Waldie’s Literary Omnibus, will be issued every
Friday Morning, printed on paper of a quality superior
to any other weekly sheet, and of the largest size. It
will contain,
Ist. Books, the newest and best that can be pro
cured^equal every work to a London duodecimo vol
ume, embracing Novels. Travels, Memoirs. &c. and
only chargeable with newspaper postage.
2d. Literary reviews, tales, sketches, notices of
books, and information ironi “ the world of letters,” ot
3d. The news of the week concentrated to a small
compass, but in sufficient arnouut to embrace a know
ledge, of the principal events, political and miscella
neous of Europe and America.
'Die price will be two dollars to clubs of five sub.
scribers, where the paper is f<»rwarded to one address.
To clubs ot two individuals, five dollars, single mail
subscribers, three dollars. The discount on uncur.
rent money will be charged to the remitter; the low
price and superior paper, absolutely prohibits paying
a discount.
On no condition will a copy ever be sent until the
payment is received in advance.
Xs the arrangements for the prosecution of this
great literary undertaking arc alt made, and the pro
prietor has redeemed all h a pledgee to a generous pub
lic for many years, no fear of the nomfuifillinent of
the contract can be felt. The Omnibus will he regu
gularly issued; and will contain in a year, reading mat
ter equal in amount to two volumes of Ree’s Cyclopc.
dia tor the small sum mentioned above.
Address post paid,
ADAM WALDIE. i'
4G Carpenter St. Philadelphia. ' t
Strayed or Stolen
'he subscriber living three
.s miles below Rome on the Coosa'
M River; on the night of the 10th inst. two
Yl p Roan Mares, one seven years old, lour- e
teen hands high; the other two years"
old, ami well grown. Also, a bright sorrel horse,
fourteen and a half hands high, with a white streak
in the forehead, trots and racks well. Any person de
livering said Horses to me or giving information where
th may be found, shall be liberally rewarded.
ROWfiAND COBB.
Jan. 19. 1 2t.
“com EiiFiTtiTiioTEYr
Rojbsc, Comsty, Georgia.
Bl & HE > übscriber having opened hi<»
St new Bri< k House in the Town of
Rome, as a Hotel for the purpose of ac
commodating permanent boaiders, nndf
trancieut customers, tenders his services to :lte public.' ■
Hetrusts that his arc idtttions will be such as will sa
tisly the most lustidious. His table will at all times 4
be furnished with the best the country affords, and ev- *
ery exertion will be made to conduce to the comfort
ami e.»nveiiienee ol all who may call upon him. He
will also be prepared to accommodate Families with
board and re ircd Rooms during the summer season
Ills st tides will be attended bv a laithftil and attentive
Ostler, and provittder supplied in plenty, lie there,
lore feels himselt authorised in soliciting public pat.
rotiage.
FRANCIS BURKE.
Rome. Jan. 19—1—if.
us
or the
SOUTHJJRN REVIEW.
TO be published at Washington, quarterly, in an
Bvo Nw. 0f275 to 3it(> pages, price ,B's per tiir
num, payable m advance. The place is chosen, not
only for facilities of inlorniaiion. literary and politi'
cal, but ns that at which the Southern States can be
united upon the undertaking, with ti.e greatest ease,
and with the completest exemption from all State or
Party jealousies.
Os the matter, three.fourths (say 225 pp.) shrill con
sist of regular Reviews, making about 9 ol 25 pp. each.
These must, as literary works at least, return as age.
neral ride, somewhat towutds t|iul older method, now
almost forgotten, and give a regular analysis of the
book r< viewed, it it be ol any merit, in Politics and
upon Occasional ‘1 opies, there may be a greater liber,
ty of deviating into mere di.-qtiisitmn.
In this portion ot the Review, there will be gi-en,
mem li No. a paper historical of the Politics and gen.
eral i vents of the <la\; to serve as ii Historical Regis,
ter. Its execution will n 1 ways be committed to the
strongest hands only; and its purpose, to give a unity
and consistency to the Public DoctriuescjLilic Review
such as can scarcely be so well efi’ecteu m any other
matter.
Occasional Retrospective Reviews will also be cm.
bodied in tins pari ol*ibe plan, with a view of favoring
in a certain degree, the more curioiii- studies; or ;o rt<*
vive the know ledge ol important books, forgotten in the
confusion of modern learning.
Writers w ill be led, ol regular purpose to give their
papers, wherever the subject will permit, the form of
a service; in order not oily that they may thus afford'
a completer body of information, serve, also, to reprint
apart, for popular ciu illation; a method that w'dl unielk ’
augment both the reputation and uscfulnets of the Re
view.
A body of Miscellanies fsay some :’op|> ) will form
the subordinatejand more amusing part of the Journal.
I is contents will be somewhat vanmis; bin will, for the
most part, consist of short Literary Notices; Biblio.
grnpliicnl Articles; a ethical list ol N< w Publii inions,
foreign and domestic, and general Literary Intelli
gence.
In Communications, the most compressed mode of
writ.ng will be every where r< <piired. Papers iit
which the works do not bear a just proportion to tint
information convej♦•<! or the < fleet imendt il, will be
eitlo-r rejected, without sciuple, or abridged, without
mercy’
To warrant this exsetion, the tirttnl rate of compen
sation to writers will be advanced to 2 1.2 dollars per
printed page; n price that will off.-r fair r< tiiunerution.
to the talents and labor w liich we w ish >o secure.
Os this revival of a Review ol the South, the pur..
pose is. to give once mure to our rrgipn, uiow emin*
ently needing it) an Interpreter and a ilcfriider ; the
common Representative ol our Instiiiiiions, and of the-
Mmd itself among us. Stteh in that great Congress
of Opinion, where the fates ol civilized nations are now
so largely settled, we do not possess and we have al.
ready sul r er<.-d much for it. It is time to make our.,
selves understood and respected there. 'Die Joiirnab
w hich shall do this, must < ombinn the general siretiglti
ol all who, ihrouglitutt the .South, love the eonniry,.
and arc capalde of doing it mtellected service, it must
then lie, not the Champion or the propagandist of lo
cal opinions, but the friend ol all that pursue the pub
lic good. Into the vulgar methods ol Politics, debits,
cd by Bartizan rancour, or eorrupied by'the interest,
or overborne by the popular passion of the hour, it must
noi full —From it, the pride of the Nullifier must re
ceive no diminution, the fidelity of the Unionists no
reproach : It niue»t be no vantage ground to either part,
nor serve but as an equal field, where they will only
contend which ahull most advance the cause of the
South, and of that older doctrine of ,I< flersoninn State-
Rights, avowed by both parties alike, and now the
only hope of rallying and of rescuing the country.
To vindicate, then, our peculiar Institutions; lo re
bel with argument, lest presently we be forced lo re
bel with arms, all interference with on. domestic con
dition, against the wild rule <?f rnere Chance and Cor.
ruption, tout hold a Republican and Federative, a sdts
ttnguished from a Democratic mid Consolidating ad.
ministration of the Nati<-.mil affairs, from the dtsor.
ders of t|*<rCeriiral government. Where Reform is
hopeless, and even useless, till you have given your
selves stronger and wiser local systems—to dried the
public view towards a hrfine policy of the State, capa
ble, through itself, to confer upon us the blessings of
well ordered Liberty, expected in vain from the Fe
deral Power; from the delusion ol Party Politic* abroad'
to call home the wise and brave have often raised
petty States into noble and prosperous Commonwealth ;
to attach men, if possible, to their birth place, and
convert them from wandering and selfish adventurers,,
into ci: izens, tlic lovers of civilization, to re.animato
public spirit, and give it purpose, as well as energy;-
to fluid, over parties and Politicians, the tribunal of a
Public opinion far different from that idle and corrupt
one, of which the newspaper Press is the voice; for
these purjiOßes, to diffuse through the land, sound and*
well considered public doctrines, with knowledge and
Taste, their natural allies, such will be the general
aim of that lUerary league, among the best talents of
the country, which has been set on foot in the present
undertaking.
Os its critical purposes, it is not necessary to speak
so minutely. In general, it will of course strive to
guide the popular taste towards the best sources in
knowledge, and the truest models in Elegant Letters.
Its judgments wtll however, found themselves upon
the dent of his temporary renown, nor that of his birth
on this or the other side of the Atlantic. Towards
the few good writers, the want of cultivation has yet
permitted us have in America, it will know how to bo
respectful. But in Literature, as lately in Trade, ws
shall insist that no mao’s bad cornmodii;’ be forced up
on us, under patriotic pretences. Upon all that school
as wntained.
Upon the Literature of mere amusement, existence
mjoyed by this literary grass, which flourishes green*
y in the morning, and is cut down and flung away be.
ore the night. Life is tco short, Art too long, and
Learning grown tooproltftc, for people to occupy them,
elves more than an instant with bad books, while
ush great bodies of good ones arc at their command.