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'wonilion rather than of censure. They are ( more interested than we; for, so far as they ■ are concerned, as a party, we solemnly e- ■ lieve their future success depends upon the success of this measure. It is a leading mea sure, involving the essential principles oi De mocratic Republicanism—the undisputed off soring of the old ’9B doctrines—and if it fait, Ji" tost. It ought not to fail-IT CAN BE CARRIED. In its present shape this bill must certainly fail in the lower House. This is beyond all doubt. There are many gal lant spirits in that House, wedded to the Old Republican Doctrines, and ready to sustain them at every hazard. To them we must now look. Let the bill, reported by the Com mitteo of Ways and Means be taken up. Every Republican will rally on that; and, if so it can bo carried. This is our counsel. It ’is a fatal error to believe that the Senate s bill furnishes ground to stand on. Ihe foot inn- it presents is as unsubstantial as quicksand —°and they who trust to it will sink to rise no more. Better, infinitely better do nothing— and throw the responsibility on those who la bor to defeat every measure. Firmness is all that is wanting. The spirit, so far from cow. ering under the apparent deieat, is rising to meet the emergency. We speak advisedly when wc say, the bill, as it was, will never be surrendered. To the chivalry of the House we look, to regain the lost ground —and we are confident —nay, we speak with certainty, that if the bill reported by the Committee of Ways and Means be sent to the Senate, it will pass that body. Ihe situation of manj of its members rendered it, perhaps, proper that the action should proceed from the popu lar branch. To the House, therefore, we look, to right matters, and to secure the pass, ago of one of the greatest measures of re form ever proposed in the country. Again wc sav, we do not, wo will not dispair. Washington Chronicle. WESTERN GEORGIAN. Rome, April 14, IS3S, The following named gentlemen will act as Agents for the Western Georgian: Howell Cobb, Esq., of Athens, Georgia. E. M. Johnson, Esq., ®f Gainesville, do. S. Ripley, Esq., of Jefferson, do. A. Erwin, Esq., of Cumming, do. John S. Bell, Esq., of Spring Place, do. R. M. Aycock, Esq., of La Fayette, do. Turman Walthall, Esq., of Cedar Town, Paulding County, do. Leroy Pattillo, P. M. Monroe, do. Charles Murphey, of Decatur, do. We notice some remarks of tho “Southern I Recorder,” in relation to an article of ours published in the Western Georgian of the 24th ult. Wo comply with tho request of tho Re corder, and insert the whole letter of Gov. Gil mer, ns well as the act referred to. It is possi ble \vo may have taken a wrong view of this enactment of tho Legislature, but until “better argued into conviction” of our error, we shall maintain a different opinion. The ‘Recorder’ is mistaken in tho outset, in saying that the “Western Georgian seems disposed to com plain of tho Governor for sending an effective force” to secure us from Indian violence. We have made no such complaint; neither have we evinced a disposition so to do. Os this fact wo think the “Recorder” will be convin cod, by a re-perusal of the article it has noti ced. Another mistake of tho “Recorder” deserves a word in passing. lie says “Tho Western Georgian thinks that tho Regiment of Volun teers raised in the different counties of Choro keo, should have been tho Regiment mustered into the service under Col. Lindsay." \\ T c have never thought any such thing, nor have we ever said any such thing, either orally or in writing; and we challenge the “Recorder to produce the proof, in support of his assertion. ' Wc have never believed that the Regiment or-| ganized under the act in question,should be mus-I tercd into the Exited States Service. The act contemplates the protection of tho citizens of the Cherokee country, and to have them mustered into service by an United States offi cer, would, of course, place thorn at tho dispo- : sal of his Commander-in-Chief; and instead of ccting for tho protection of “their homos and firesides,” they might be translated to some' distant place, to perform duties widely differ-1 ent from those which caused their organiza tion. The act, if wo understand it, gives the Governor tho right to call out these troops in >he service of the State, and makes provisions for their payment, when in actual service.— 'I he responsibility thus imposed upon the Ex ecutive, is one which Gov. Gilmer dislikes to shoulder. He is placed in a dilemma, either horn of which my prove destructive to his fu- ture political aspirations. If he should have I the Regiment mustered into the service of the State, and no Indian difficulties should occur in the Cherokee country, then the people might say, “You have squandered the public money without cause.” On the other hand, if they’ are not called out, and the citizens of this sec tion suffer from Indian hostility, the people will say, “The Legislature has made provision for our security, by a special enactment, which the Governor has refused to carry into effect.” In order to avoid these difficulties, he calls up on the Cherokee Volunteers to be in readiness to act ipimediately, when ordered. It is to be a mounted Regiment, and they are to keep horses ready for service, and every oth er necessary equipment; to meet frequently to be drilled, and yet receive nothing for their watchfulness and labor. The truth is, that, if the Gevernor has construed the law of the last Legislature on this subject correctly—if his or ders are in accordance with its spirit and inten tion, then indeed, the blame must fall on the Legislature. But when we reflect, that according to the instructions of Gov. Gilmer to those compan ies, the citizens who compose them, are placed p a situation in which they will be less calcu lated to “protect” our country than the militia under the old law, we can but believe that the spirit and intention of the Legislature has been either misapprehended through ignorance, or wilfully perverted to avoid responsibility.— The Colonel of this Regiment, scattered as it is throughout eleven counties, can only call it into service “when the Indians have assem bled together for hostile purposes—under cir cumstances which do not admit of the delay’ of sending for orders to the Governor. We should like to know if the Colonel ofmi litia has not the same authority under the mi litia law? We should like further, to know if the militia Colonel could not get his force to gether in one fourth of the time—yea, one tenth —which it would require the Colonel of the Volunteer Regiment to collect his forces? The “Recorder” charges us with perverting both the letter and spirit of the Governor’s in structions. As before remarked, both his let ter and the act in question will be found in our columns to-day, and the public must judge be tween the “Recorder” and us. HEAD QUARTERS, ) Mileedegville, 3d March, 1838. $ CAPT. WILLIAM F. LEWIS, Sir —The peace and safety, the prosperity and lives of the people of the Cherokee country, are deeply concerned in the conduct of your command. A mistake in your du ties, or a departure from them, may involve the country in an inian war; the greatest pos sible evil to those who are exposed to its de structive effects and exterminating cruelties. The principal object of the formation of your companies is to give security to our cit izens, to overawe the revengeful spirit of the lawless portion of the Indians, to prevent the people flying from their homes and the coun try, upon every rumor of danger; to protect your families, neighbors and the people of each county, upon sudden emergencies when the U. States troops may not be present, or in sufficient force to obviate danger. The U. States Government and the State authorities intend to preserve peace and re move the Cherokees from the State without violence if possible* All their efforts are di rected to the accomplishment of this object. You will, therefore, make no attacks whatever upon the Indians, but endeavor to prevent all others from molesting them whilst they re main peaceable. Until the 25th of May, the Indians have a right to retain their pos sessions, and to remain undisturbed in the country. You have nothing to do with dis arming them, or removing them from their fields until that time, and then only in co-ope ration with, and upon the request of the U. States officer to whom the duty of removing them is intrusted by the President of the U. States. 1 have been asked by some of you, whether the Captain of a company is not authorized by the 3rd Section of the law to call his com- ■ pany to the field. Certainly not. The Colo nel ot that regiment is the commander spoken of who has that power; and he can only do so when the Indians assemble together for hostile purposes and under circumstances which do not admit of the delay of sending for orders to the commander in chief, and when the U* States troops cannot prevent the danger. I have received a great many applications to call the companies into the field at once. Mixed up together r.s the Indians are with our people throughout the whole Cherokee country it is believed to bo impolitic to call you into service except in cases of actual dan. ger and for self-defence. The men of the country could not consent, nor ought the Gov- ■ ernmer.t to require them to leave their fam dies and property exposed to the attacks of neighboring Indians when hostilities com- ! mence. The whole country might be de- ; populated by such policy. Until there is a probable prospect of the Indians rising in arms, I have no right to call you to the field. I have understood that some of those who will be the owners of the lands now occupied by the Indians are very desirous of using the companies as a means of getting rid of their occupants in time to put the lands into profita ble cultivation. The lives of unoffending women and children, and the whole property of the citziens of the Cherokee country, are not to be endangered for such an object. In deed, I hope that the number of those who for their own selfish and lawless purposes would thus trifle with the rights and interest of the whole country, are too few to have any influ ence whatever, upon the conduct of any mem ber of the company. I have also been warned, that there were many persons who have desired to connect themselves with the companies for the pur pose of getting the pay of mounted men by directing the companies from the purposes of preserving the peace of the country and effecting the quiet removal of the Indians to such course as would require the companies to be called to the field. I know that there are such persons; but it wou,d appear to be impossible that they can be sufficiently numer ous to be able to control the conduct of any one company composed as they all are, of cit izens whose families, friends and property be long to the Cherokee country. If any per son should be detected in such conduct, his punishment will be made a warning example to those who would sacrifice the public safety to their own private ends. Some of you complain that troops have been drawn from other parts of the State for the defence of the Cherokee country, instead of calling your companies into service. The duty of protecting the people of the State from Indian violence, and executing Indian treaties, belongs to the President of the U. States. It is only when the President fails to discharge that duty within the State of Geor gia, that the Governor of the State is author, ized to call the militia into the field. The President is of the opinion, that the property and lives of the people of the Cherokee coun try, will be most certainly guarded by drawing the troops necessary for that purpose from parts of the country where there are no In dians, leaving the volunteer companies and militia of the Cherokee country to strengthen the defence of their own homes, neighbor, hoods and counties. He has promised that an ample force shall be provided for the protec. tion of those who arc exposed to the attacks of the Indians. He is accordingly ordering companies into those positions where the peo. pie are most exposed to numerous bodies of Indians, as rapidly as the extent of the dan gerappears to require. So long as the Pres ident continues to do this, it is not proper to order out any of your companies. It is sure ly no serious cause of complaint, that you are permitted to remain at home attending to your own affairs ready to protect your fatui lies and property, that you have arms put into your hands, and companies organized to give protection to your homes and neighbor hoods, and that troops are sent from other parts of the State to give you additional se curity. Whenever I am convinced that the pro tection of the Cherokee people requires any of your companies to be ordered into service, I shall not fail to order them. I will do what ever I can to add to the security of the coun try, give peace and quiet to the people, and remove the Indians from the State. It is important to the public service, that I should be constantly and accurately informed of the temper and movements of the Indians in each county. You are therefore reques ted to write to this office as often as may be necessary for that purpose. Take care to have your arms and ammunition constantly in good order and ready for immediate action. Give your orders to your non commissioned officers in such manner that the company may be assembled in the shortest possible time. Muster them frequently, so as to improve their discipline and render them efficient when called to the field. If the Indians in your country should commence hostilities, you will not wait for orders from the Colonel of the regiment, or the Commander-in-chief, but put yourselves under the command of the Colonel of the militia of the county, or otherwise de fend the people in the best manner you can. The laws of self-defence will justify you in the course. GEORGE R. GILMER. AN ACT To provide for the protection of the citizens of the Cherokee Country, and for the removal of Cherokee and Creek Indians from the li mits of this State. Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of Geor gia, in General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, I hat there shall be organized in the counties of Un ion,Gilmer, Lumpkin. Murray,Walker, Floyd, Cass, Paulding, Cobb, Cherokee, and For sythe, a company of sixty mounted men each, including officers, to bo raised by volunteers where no company is already organized and commissioned for that purpose. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted by the au thority aforesaid, That so soon as said volun teer companies are termed, they shall proceed to elect the usual company officers, and report the same to his Excellency the Governor, who shall issue the necessary commissions for tach, accordingly. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted by the au thority aforesaid, That said companies shall be organized, commissioned, and considered »n the service of the State, w hen called out by the Executive of this State, unless a movement a mong the Indians should create such an emer gency as will require, in the opinion of the commanding officer, immediate action, in which case he may call them forthwith to the field, and report his reason to the Executive for having done so. Sec. 4. And be it further enacted by the au thority aforesaid, That the said companies shall, on the twentieth day of January next proceed to the Court Houses in the aforesaid counties, to elect Colonel and Lieutenant Col onel as is usual, each officer preserving his re gular grade and command, and the several re turns of the elections,superintended by the Cap tain, first Lieutenant and second Lieutenant, and by them certified, shall be forwarded to Cassville, Cass county, and there consolidated by at least three of the Captains commanding said companies, and the result thereof shall be certified to the Governor by said Captains, and the Governor shall issue commissions accord ingly. Sec. 5. And be it further enacted by the au thority aforesaid, That the whole of said com pany shall be under the command of said Col onel and Lieutenant Colonel as is usual, each officer preserving his regular grade and com mand; and said Colonel shall have the liberty of forming each staff as is customary with Colonels commanding Regiments. Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, by the au thority aforesaid, That it shall be the duty of said commander to co-operate with the United States troops, if necessary, in removing all the Cherokee and Creek Indians from within the limits of this State, immediately after the 24th day of May next. Sec. 7. And be it further enacted by the au thority aforesaid, That the officers and men who may be called into service under the pro visions of this act, shall receive for and during the time of actual service, such pay as is allow ed to mounted men in the service of the Uni ted States, and that the Governor shall, and he is required to pay the same, as well as all other expenses incident to the whole of said service in this bill mentioned, out of any mon ies which shall be appropriated for that pur pose. Sec. 4. And be it further enacted by the au thority aforesaid, That his Excellency the Governor, be, and he is hereby required lo fur nish said Companies, with the necessary arms and ammunition to complete their organiza tion, and fit them for active service. Assented to, 26th December, 1837. From tho Savannah Georgian. INDIAN HOSTILITIES. From the Hon. Jabez Jackson we yesterday received the estimates of the department of war, on the above subject, submitted to the committee of ways and means, and published by order of the House, from which we learn that the aggregate of the amount required by the war department for the prevention and suppression of Indian hostilities during the year 1835, is $5,275,682 88. Department of War, March 17, 1838. Sir: The estimates ofthe several bureaus in my department, which are herewith submitted to the committee, will appear to be high; but the war in Florida and the apprehended hostil ities in the Cherokee country, render it neces sary that this department should be able to car ry on one and repress the other. In both cases, the exhibition of a large force is necessary. In tho event of the regular forces being in creased, the mi'itary operations will be con ducted with much more economy than they have hitherto been. The expenses of march, ing large bodies of militia to and from the the atre of war will be avoided; and, in such cases as may render the employment ofthat descrip tion of force absolutely necessary, care will be taken to conduct the administrative branch of the service by officers ofthe regular staffi In providing for the continuance of the war in Florida, I ought to state that General Jes sup entertained hopes of bringing it to a suc cessful close with this campaign; but, at the period he was expecting the Indians to surren der in the South, a party in his rear were i committing depredations on the defenceless in habitants of Middle Florida, accompanied by ■ all the outrages and cruelties which usually i attend savage warfare. A sufficient force must be left, therefore, in the territory, for the protection of the inhabitants during the sum mer, and the residue will will be moved up to the Cherokee nation. All accounts concur that danger is to be apprehended in that part of our country, about the period assigned by law for the fulfilment of the treaty with that people; but it is hoped that the exhibition of a sufficient force will avert it, by convincing the Indians of the utter hopelessness of resistance. The estimates are accompanied by a state- i ment explanatory of the estimates herewith presented, in order to exhibit to the committee the precise amount required. These sums are exclusive of the estimates for the regular 1 army, and of all sums heretofore appropriated | and will, it is believed, be sufficient to meet the exigences of the service for the prevention and suspension of Ind : an hostilities for the year 1838. It is proper to state that the appropriation of 81,000,000, made on the 30th of January; last, was wholly absorbed by the arrearages' of 1837, and is not, therefore to be considered a part of the expenditure of the present year. Including this sum, the appropriations for pre-1 venting and suppressing Indian hostilities in, 1837, amount to 86,600,000—81,324,317 12 more than the amount of the estimates now submitted- Though it is hoped that this a mount will be more than necessary during the year, yet the department considers it unadvis able to reduce it, in consequence of the pro priety and necessity of providing for every contingency; and, among others, for the ex penses incident to the employment of volun- ; tears and militia that may be called out by the proper military officer, or by the governor of a state, containing, or adjacent to a large In. dian population, for the purpose of repressing any sudden outbreak of those people, without waiting for the previous sanction of the Presi dent. This consideration, and the general un certainty as to the amount of force it may be necessary to employ to continue the opera tions in Florida, to prevent or repress hostili ties on the part of the Cherokees, and to pre serve the peace on our western frontier, ren der it impracticable to enter into any thing like an exact calculation of the probable a mount of the expenses of the year. Amidst such uncertainty, the department can only ex ercise its best judgment; and this it has done, in estimating for the amount now asked. Very respectfully, your ob’t serv’t. J. R. POINSETT. Hon. C. C. Cambreleng, Chr. Com. Ways and Means H. of Reps. BANK ARRANGEMENT—New Orleans. We copy the following information from a slip issued from the office of the Merchants? Transcript, March 19. “It affords much pleasure to be able to stat# that an arrangement is bout to be entered into by our different banks, similar to the better portions of the first sixteen sessions of the bank bill, which, if adopted, is calculated to restore confidence —establish credit—and revive trade. The heads of the different banks have held two meetings which resulted in the adoption of the following plan for future operation. The Pre ( sidents of all the banks are to meet on the Ist of each month to receive the statements and examine the condition of each bank, which statements are to be published under the direc tion of a committee appointed for that purpose. The board of Presidents are empowered to de mand a more full statement from whatever bank they may think proper. The issues of each Bank are to be inci eased pro rata to the amount of their capital paid in, and the amount of their profits and undeclared dividends.— Those banks thinking proper, are allowed to issue post notes in accordance with the provi sions of the vetoed bank bill. Each bank will be required to have in its vaults on the Ist March next, 20 per cent, of its cash liabilities, and on the Ist March, 1840, they are requir ed to have 32| percent, of their cash liabili ties, in gold and silver, and the resumption of specie payment is to depend upon a perfect un derstanding with the principal banks through out the Union. THE RAIL ROAD. On Saturday last, the committee appointed f to superintend the books of subscription to the ! Chattahoochee Rail Road and Banking Com- I pany, reported the result of their proceedings, 1 which were in the highest degree gratifying to the friends of the enterprise. More than one I half of the whole amount of Stock required to ! be taken by the charter, had been subscribed in this city alone, and in all probability, by this time subscriptions from the country have been received for the principal part of the re maining Stock. So confident are the Stock holders of this result, that they have already called a meeting for the purpose of taking pre liminary steps to an immediate organization of the Company. We hail this ns the beginning of better limes for our city. She had slept over her true in terests, until we were beginning to fear her glory had departed. We rejoice to believe that the spirit of entorprize has aroused her from this slumber, and that she is reaching for ward for the accomplishment of great results. In casting oiir eye over the list of Stockhold ers, we recognize, with the highest pleasure, the names of our oldest and best ciliz as. tn n of capital, stability, prudence, and experi' nee, whose association is u sufficient guaranty fur the accomplishment of the undertaking. Nothing is needed for Ihe success; ul <xecu. tion of this great work but the co-operation of those sections of country, through which the work is to bo conducted, and whose interest arc, like ours, deeply identified with its suc cess. Will they give this assistance to the work? We wait for a reply—and our knowl edge of their intelligence and public spirit war rants us in saying they will do it.— Columbus Enquirer. The following is an extract of a letter from an intelligent correspondent of ours in Penn sylvania, who living on one of the lines of her magnificent public works, has had an opportu nity of observing and appreciating their effects. It is within the knowledge of the writer, that immense sections of mountain land in that part of the country, which were again and again abandoned for taxes, is now selling for from fifteen to twenty dollars per acre. — Brunswick Adv. “I have often wondered why Georgia did not commence a system of Internal Improvements. From what little knowledge I possess of its Geography and resources, there is no State in the Union where Rail Roads and CanalsccnAd be made with less expense, or produce greater benefits to tho community. Our Pennsylva nia improvements last season, notwithstanding their unfinished state, and the pressure of the times, paid nearly interest on their cost, and some of our chartered Company Canals paid 30 per cent. I have no doubt when the Penn sylvania Improvements are completed, and be come permanent, they will pay 20 per cent, on the cost, and the tolls be extremely low.'y The revenue accruing to a State fiom tolis, I hold but a minor consideration when com pan ed with the value such improvements give to property in their neighborhood, and the great facility business receives. I think I am with in the mark, when I say that the value of Rial Estate in Pennsylvania has increased in con sequence of her five times s