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»*■ • V Vol. I. FUULISHEU EVERY TUESDAY MORNING BY SAMUEK S- JACK. Tc FKIS. TnniCE Dollars per annum.bl six months or four Dol lars at the expiration <>( the j enr Subscribers living - wit of the State, will be expected in all cases to pay in ati trance. No subscription -tenved for less than one year, tinless tflic is paid in advance; and no paper will be diecoutihuecl until ail atreargee are paid, ex cept at the option of the Publisher. Persons reqnest in*; a discontinuance of their Papers, are requested to bear in mind a settlement of thoir accounts. Ai'VKßTlSem’c.’.'Ts will be inserted nt the n-ual rates; when the no nber of in?ier':oi>.< is not specified, they will be continued until ordered out. O’All Letters to the Editor or Publisher, on matters connected with the /■siabti&'imint, must be Post Paiii in order to secure attention. O* Notice of the sale of Land and Negroes, by A'lininistrn'or' o , E reenters or Guardians, must be pub lished sixty D.-ys ptevieja to the day of sale. (O’ Tho sale of Personal Property, in like manner, must be pubiufced yoicTY days prcv.cua to the day of sale. tr.’j* N->;ico <o Debtors and Creditors of an Estate, must be published ruurtf bav;’. O’ No‘:cn that Apph -.ition will be made to (he Cottit of Ordinary £>r I >civ»- to >ei! Lund and Negroes, must. La pulfliuh.: d r;.-va. MoitTua. C2T Notice that Application will be tri do for Let ters of Ailtltai-iit i .;t:on, mui! be published •iin.TTY DAY'S ' and Leiters o! L’l.'ir.i -don, six O* For A ivertutn j—Lottcro «f Citatum, $2 <-> 117’Notico to De'-to.j r.ii.i Creditors, (40 -Uys,) 3 25 Four Month Notice., 4 00 Saias of Pcr-ott i pr.ipori; by Executor , Adnvois- Iratora or Cuu’h 3 25 i Ealen of Land < r Negri c I y do. 4 7-> ■ App'ilcuttog ioi I.' tn-ts i f Di aiiif.-:!..n, 4 50 ; Other A:lvi.Tti.-»-?n.cm ! e v>T ch-.t*'-1 7* rents : for every ti truieH i m a ot »• nafl t-i.e, (or‘p’; r-qai ; viknt,) firm iio-ertion, j. <’ 5 J e>.-uts L>r <-;u h weekly I coittitmance. It p.ibhul ed every other w.ct k, Cdj cis. ‘ lor each coii.i.i'iaui-|i pubit.hvd cnee a ntniah it I will bu cliaii: Ivm h tuu ns a new adv-erl.semenu ; For a sii;g ; o taae'riii.ii o<,« L*otter per tqaerv. y , i'mw s»»**«» . sr^wi'i y»i "■ «■—' '■ ■—«ww—ie muwew Frmn 't Vo Cc«; CUu INDIAN AFFAJRS. When t lie uev.M reached ’rfti't! yesterday by the Expr« S 3 Mail, that :i i-ropusiiiou bad been . submitted bv liiv Fres.df.nt and the Secretary of War tt> Uougrt ss, to < xtend two years the time stipulated i.i the treaty of 1333, lor the removal cd the Uherekeu Indiana, we had doubts of tho correctors of the infoimaijoii received. 'I ho Express Mail of this morning lins removed all our doubts. Thu President did transmit a murage to both [louses of Congress, covering a communication of the Secretary of Wiir, in which the views of the government are set forth, and in whit, h a post ponement ol lhc ulipuhnion of the treaty is re. commended tn the consitfcration of Congress. Thu President and Secretary of Wararo well aware that tho cotiaent of the States interes ted in thu execution of the treaty be ob- Hum d, before n delay cun be granted. The question will then arise: will the States intmes. tud give their consent I if they do not give their consent, will they require a strict fulfil ment of the stipulations of iho treaty? We cannot pretend to answer as regards the other States interested ; but wo can easily answer for Georgia, that her consent emmot be ob tained ; that, whatever may be the consequen ces, she will peremptorily require of the Fed eral Government, an iinmt-diuto execution of tho treaty of *1835, and a speedy removal of the Cherokee Indians from the territory of Georgia ; end that, if thoso objects cannot bo effected by tho inlervenlitMn of the Federal Government, the Government of Georgia, sustained by all tho means within hrr reach ■ of the State, will attempt, cost what it may, to carry isito full effect the stipulations of the i treaty. This movement on the part of tho Federal Government will place the Governor of our Sta’e in u most responsible position. But wo hopo that he will act with energy and decision, i An extra session of the Legislature need not ! be called. Tl*o Governor himself can act; : he hns sufficient power to meet any exigency. > ]Let him require the fulfilment of the stipula. , tions of the treaty, nnd we can assure him '■ that he will be sustained by the people of' Georgia. Let him adopt such measures, and I employ such as are at his command, to j execute the removal of tho Indians, and he : will ba twKiiineJ by tho people of Georgia. But there should be no compromise; no ue- ! gdtifttimis; no procrastination of tho removal! of the Indians. 'I he Federal Governncnt; must bo imowdintoly informed of the (Jetcnni-1 nation of Georgia to require an imm drate ex-1 ccution of t'rn treaty; nnd Gvmwai Scott ■ should be notified that, if orders have been | given to him to suspend the execution of the i treaty, the militia of Georgia will receive or ders to carry tho stipulations of that treaty j iato effect. We have more to s,y on the subject; but , vro be’ievc it our duty to offer a few cm pUcmg bofore our readers tho foil owing ■ article from the Globv nnd the documeet from llie War Department, received by this mor ning’s Express Mail. EMIGRATIOxN OF THE CHEROKEES. The reading in the Senate of the communi cation from the Secretary of War to the Cherokee delegation, which will be found an nexed, elicited a brief but animated debate. It was strenuously objected to by several of the Senators representing the States immedi ately interested. The principal ground of objection seemed to be that the proposed arrangement went to alter the treaty, affect the free action of the states, and contempla ted delay in the removal. A more careful examination of the document will, we think, show that the views taken of it at the moment arc not sustained by its contents. Nothing is stipulated for on the part of the stales, Os any thing proposed, Li.at is not to be* the result, of their own consent upon a view of their own interests and duties. No changes or abridg ment of the articles of the treaty are agreed to, other than such as consist in additional facilities and advantages lor the Cherokees, to proceed from the Federl Government alone, and to be extended or not, according to tho pleasure of Congress. No avoidable delay F 3 contemplated. it is certainly a most important object to the country tint* the Cherokees should bo ic nioved peaceably, and it does not appear to have been tho intention cf Government, bv ' tho arrangements proposed, t<> delay their re inOi’id one single day beyond what may be necessary to thu convenience of the parties. It is proposed to ask the consent of the Stales intcr<»;ed to allow them sufficient time for this puipOcC, and it IS not doubted that, from I the geuerourf character of tho Slates, this in [diligence will bo granted, if a necessity for it I shall be found to exist. It will not require [l«oyca;- : , our is the ja riod extended so long, jor io any definite time. General Scott will be ■ instiuctcil to watch over the emigration, and jto sec Ai.it it ic ccm.h.cied in good faith and I kept up coDstisiitly. Tho number of emi grants to bo removed docs not full much short of 2U,0t)0 souls, and cannot, with the utmost diligence, be removed in less than one year. Jho Government seeks peace. It seeks to remove these people; it does not desire to incur any risk of their committing acts of desperation, and bring on a collision -between them and tho whites. 'I heir determination to protect the citizens from ail acts of violence, is to be seen in the ample provision made for their defence. No Oideis have been given to suspend, the execution of the treaty. '1 he emigration will be carried on as rnidly as, in the opinion of the discreet officer ent<usted with that opera lion, it can bu conducted. It is not contemplated to make a new trea ty, but io carry out the provisions of tho ex isting obligations as rapidly as possible ; for it catmot be denied that if thp removal cun be entitely accomplished, and effected peaceably, within one oi even two years, it would be more politic, humane, and economical, both of lime and money, so to effect it than to in. cur the evils of a war. Tho reference proposed to be made to the State authorities i> not intended, nor is it cal culated to procrastinate the execution of the treaty. Their co-operation has been asked in perfect good faith, and from a due regard io their rights. The nddiiional approbations for the emigra tion of tho Cheroec nation requite sonic le gislative provisions. The treaty contemphi. ted defraying these expenses when Congress agreed tu give 8600,000 for the payment of spoliations and the expenses of emigration. The sum proves to be inadequate for both purposes, and it is. proposed to increase it. I These views, in connection with '.he propo , sod arrangement, were made known to an in j dividual Senator supposed to be best acquuin. {ted with the temper of the remnant of the Cherokee people yet to emigrate, and best able to judge of the propriety of consenting to their proposition to remove themselves, : through their Chiefs and Head men, as most likely to contribute to the peaceable rcmo . vui of the nation. All the delegations of j the States interested would have been con : suited if it could have been suppose d that the ! proposed arrangement, m the slightest degree. * affected, without their previous consent, the I rights or interests of any one of the States. | The liberal propositions now submitted by : tho Secretary, in his reply to the Cherokee delegation, will tc’l their sincerity. If they I proceed forthwith in sincere and varnerst es- • forts to accomplish the removal by their own faction, within such periods as the States shall < be wiilmg to allow them for that purpose, the i additional advantages proposed will, doubtless, •be secured to them by Congress and the Ex locative. If they do not, no other result will I follow from the offer than to afford one more proof of the desire of the Government to J make the unavoidable change m the coaditition lof the Cherokees, conformable to the dictates of benevolence, and their own best interesti. the mean time, the execution of the treaty j will proceed as ts this communication had not teen ms de. "W is» oim,Jus tic c, aea d lU. odcr,n 1i o sb. ROME, FLOYD COUNTY, GEORGIA, JUNK 12, fB3B. • 'To Messrs. John Ross, Edward Gunter, R. | Taylor, James Brown, -Samuel Gunter, , Situaher, Elijah Hicks, and White Path, | Cherokee delegation. ■ I 'l’he undersigned has attentively considered : . the project of a treaty submitted by you, and, i ■ ’ allhuuj’h equally desirous with yourselves »o i satisfy that portion of the nation that still re- [ main east of the Mississippi, and to offer them i every inducement to remove peaceably and contentedly to their new homes in the West, and not unwilling to grant most of the terms ; j proposed by you. still, where the rights and , I just expectations of sovereign States are in [ volvcd, is deemed inexpedient, without their j consint, to give to any stipulations which as . feet them the form of a solemn treaty. i In the first article you desire to stipulate and agree that “the said Cherokee nation, party hereto, engages and stipulates to remove i from all the lands now occupied by them east- ; wa;d of Mississippi, and hereby renounces i i and relinquishes to the United States all claim j of every description to such lands; such re moval to be commenced at the earliest conve nient pi-iiod and to. be fully completed within two yours from this date; to be effected by the Cherokees themselves and by their agents, . and the entire expenses of such removal to be ' 1 defrayed out of the money to be paid by the ! United Slates, as hereinafter provided.” As i i has been before obseived, the Government of the United States could not agree to this net ' without tho consent of the States whose rights ■ are involved, and whose interests may be as- . feeted by this stipulationbut the Executive i : pledges itself to use ns best efforts to induce ■ them to abstain from pressing their claims in j a manner that would produce loss or incon- i venience to the Cherokee people, and would be inconsistent with their being removed with ' every reasonable comfort. From the well known bumaniiy and generous character of i the States of Georgia, Alabama, and North . Carolina, there can be no doubt of their gran ting every indulgence which the interests of | humanity require; and if two years are no- j cessary for the comfortable removal of the nation, the undersigned will venture to assure ! the delegation that their request will be gran- ' ted. If it be desired by the Cherokee nation that | their own agenls should have the charge of their cmigiation, their wishes will be complied ; with, and instructions be given to the com- ! manding General in the Cherokee country to ! enter into arrangements with them to that es- j feet. With regard to the expense of this op- ; eration, which you ask may be defrayed by j the United States, in tho opinion of the under- ' signed, the request ought to be granted, and | an application fur such further sum as may be j required for this purpose shall be made to Con- , gross. In the next article of your project, you pro- « pose that “tho United States, on their part, stipulate and agree, in consideration of the ; premises, to perfect the title of the Cherokee nation to the lands and territory westward of the Mississippi, described, mentioned and de fined in and by the treaty of 1883, between the United States and the Cherokees west ol tho Mississippi, and the privilege of outlet thereto annexed, and to issue a patent there- I for to the Cherokee nation in perpetuity ; and further to pay the said chiefs and Represent- ' ativesof the Cherokee nation cast of the Mis- ; sisaippi, the sum of dollars, in manner and at the time hereinafter provided.” It was always tho declared intention of the Government to perfect the title of this laud ' to the Cherokee nation, and to issue a patent “I therefor, so soon as that portion of them now least ot the Mississippi had emigrated west, | granting the nation the privileges secured to them by former arrangements. Nor will it object to grant them, in perpetuity, if Con gross should think proper to do so on their recommendation, under certain restrictions, to which the delegation have assented. As the delegation expressed their fears that a form of Government might be imposed which they were neither prepared fur nor desirous ufi the assurance isheiby repeated, that no form of Government will be imposed upon tho Cherokees without the consent of the I wholo nation, given in council; nor shall their country bo created into a territory wilh- | out siKih previous concurrence. ! With regard to the payment of a further j sum of money by the United States, the uu jderslgned cannot consent to recommend such . a measure to Congre?«. The Senate of the > United States deliberately decided that five | millions of dollars was a full and sufficient in- > deinnity to the Cherokees for the lands they • relinquished on the east side of the Missis ■l sippi ; and it is understood that tho members • of that body syc no reason at present to alter I - that decision. In the third article of your you ask I that‘tile saM Cherokee hereto, II through, and by their acknowledged chiefs i and officers, shall have the ©ntirc control, i management, and disposition, responsible only to their own nation, of the funds to he paid under this treaty.” t > Tho undersigned would very much prefer I making thvs dispcmtioa of the funds of the na- tion, but as the interests of those CherokecSi ■ who have lately emigrated, arc deeply invol ved in this proposition, the Executive cannot ' recommend such an alternative without the previous consent of all the parties concerned. I The yext article asks, “that in addition to the said sum mentioned in the foregoing se- j [corn! article, the United States shall forthwith j i pay, or arranged to be paid to the Cherokee j 'nation, party hereto, the arrearages of the I annuities which were provided for in the trea-, ty of 1819, up to this date, «nd shall continue [ I such annuities during the two years allowed ; for said removal.” The undersigned assures the delegation,: that whatever arrearages of annuities are - ’ due to the Cherokee nation, under the treaty iof 1819, shall be promptly paid up to this. : date, and a continuance of that annuity for! 'two years longer shall be asked of Congress. 1 The Dili article requires “that inasmuch as I the Cherokees contemplate ’removing as pro-1 I vided for in said first article, as rapidly as their numbers and engagenjents will permit, the United States Stipulate and engage to pay [ to them, as such removal, and the necessary I preparations therefor progress, out of the j ! money mentioned in said second article, such * sums as may frorri time, to time be necessary ' ‘[ to defray the expenses incident thereto-” All payments and necessary advances for j the purpose herein set forth, will he liberally : provided for in the contract which the com -1 manding general will be authorized to make ; with the Cherokee agents, for tho emigration j of that portion of the nation east of the Mis ! sissippi. i '1 he 6th article asks, “that during the peri- [ i dd prescribed and allowed by this treaty for said removal, the United States stipulated and j contract to protect the persons ami property i of said Cherokees from all acts of encroach i ment and violence, and to furnish them, when i required, with the necessary escort and pro- I lection during such removal until their arrival at their destination beyond the Mississippi.” The necessary escort and protection during the removal of the Cherokees until their ar rival at their destination beyond the Missis. I sippi will bo furnished, and the United States j will protect the persons and property of the ; said Cherokees from all illegal acts of en croachment and violence, and will use their j best efforts, with the States interested to pre- I vent their pressing the execution of their ! rights in a manner calculated to oppress or I inconvenience any individual of tho nation. In the eighth article the request is made, ; “that in addition to tho moneys herein before ; stipulated to be paid by the United States, they I further agree to pay to the said Cherokee na- ■ lion, party hereto, the gross sum of dol- ! lars, in full discharge of all claims upon the ; United States, under the Stipulations of for mer treaties, for public and private property, spoliations, indemnities, and other redaina. ; lions whether national or individual, and for re-imbursernent of expenses incurred in and about this arrangement.” Six hundred thousand dollars was set apart for this purpose by a vote of Congress, and to defray the expenses of the removal of the nation to their new homes. But as this sum ■ proves to be inadequate for l>oth objects, the Executive will recommend to Congress to| make a further appropriation, in order to sat-; ; isfy them. 'I he undersigned trusts that the Cherokeej delegation will see in these liberal concessions the earnest desire of the President to recon cile the nation to the necessity of removing! without any other delay than a due regard fortheir comfort and convenience demands; and in this conviction, confidently relies upon the cordial co-operation of the chiefs and ' head-men to effect this desirable object. On the part of the Government, copies of this document, with suitable applications to the States interested, will be immediately transmitted to the several Governors thereof; instructions will be sent to the commanding general to act in conformity with its assu rances, and n commimication ba made to Con. gress, asking the consent of that body to the provisions proposed for the benefit of the , Cherokee nation. The undersigned, in closing this communi cation, which has been considered with great . deliberation, ami drawn with the utmost re gard for tho wishes of the delegation, de sires it to be distinctly understood that it contains tho most liberal terms the Executive . can grant, with a due regaid to the rights; 1 and interests of all the parties concerned; and therefore presents it as the final determina-1 lion of the Government, and thu peremptory conclusion of the correspondence with the Cherokee deputation on this subject. J. R. POINSETT. Dei’AETMKxt of W ar, May 18, 1638. Late English papers state that the town o’. > Dumfries was visited with a violent storm, during which there were vivid flashes of fire, , (so says the account.) without thunder; and,! itrange to say, showers of snow fell at the jsame time. Go the clearing up of the storm,; a hard frost succeeded, which greatly injured I vegetation in the surrounding country. i From the New York Evening Star. ADMISSION OF TEXA;S- We have received the very able speoeb.of Mr. Preston on the admission of Texas into the Union; we fear, however, that it is too 1 late. It is rumored that the Tuxiau Minister j in London, after several interviews with the i members of the British Cabinet, lias received i assurances that the independence of Texas ■ will be recognized by that Government on ’ certain conditions and considerations. It is ; further said that an early application has been made to tho British Minister in Mexico for de : tails of the power and resources of that re j public, and the prospect of success in the re possession of Toxas, and the reply has been in every respect unfavorable to any attempt j which Mexico may make to recon pier that i ierritory,. j The first condition required by the British ■ Ministry is the withdrawal of the application j to Congress made by Texas to come in as cne of the confederated Stales of the Union, on • the ground that a proposition to be recognized las an independent nation could not be enter. tained during a pending ap|.licati<>n to become a component part of the American family. I The doubts and difficulties thrown in the way of annexation by Northern politicians, and tho . obvious benefits to be derived from a treaty with England, which of course includes re cognition and treaties from other Continental powers, together with the increasing popula tion and resources of Texas, determined tl at Government to withdraw its application for coining into the Union, and thus a powerful I independent nation will be established with a territory half as large as the whole United States, and with a body of active, intelligent men, emigrating from all parts of the world , in numbers calculated seriously to alarm Mex . ico hereafter for the integrity of her other I possessions. England will find a direct mar-, ket for an immense arnou it of he r manufac tures, and an indirect outlet through Mexico I and the navigable rivers of this country — the supply of the Indians and others at a low tariff, taking in exchange, among other pro- J ducts, from one to two hundred thousand bub a of cotton annually. It is an invaluable ac ' cession of power and influence to England t i other respects. Hanging on our borders ; on a long line of territory reaching from Nc ' va Scotia, Upper and lower Canada almost to- I the Rocky Mountains to the North and North West, England, by this early alliance wi h Texas, exercises a direct commercial and po litical influence, from the Atlantic to tho Pa cific, on the long line of the Rio del Norte to the South, and we may say thus nearly en compassing the whole Union with her ex tended territorial arms ; keeping also a watch ful eye on the Mexican Mines, aiding to irr prove the navigation <>f ilie great streams, t« j get into the heart of Mexico—making valu able treaties with the immense bodies of Indi ans and Mestizoes—pushing an excitemert and divisions among the already divide! par ties in Mexico, and finally annexing that com . | try to Texas, including the ports of Tampico 1 and Vera’ Cruz, the work only of a few year?, and finally possessing the great key to the , Pacific and tho commerce of the Indians by ; the ship Canal across the Isthmus of Darien. We. tkns make. England greater than the Uni j ted Slates ni influence as well as territory on our own Continent! and this has been domr 1 from sheer Jealousy of Northern politicians I towards augmenting the power of the South ; forgetting that we are one family, one peo. pie, one tuition and one interest, and what ' strengthened one section of the Union bene fitted the other. Not content with this uncull. i ed for, unpatriotic distrust and jealousy tc. i wards the South, opposition to Texas was • strengthened by a vile appeal to the passion < and fanaticism of abolitionists—ministers of the gospel were permitted, we may say, in the only section of the Union where church and state are united, to mount the pulpit and j fulminate their doctrines against Texas, and the interests of the South, and what was tho excuse? “It was necessary to keep the fen -1 ion together; Texas would have divided tho Union.” Is not the period of separation fear fully accelerated by making Texan a sovc-' reign and independent power, with such an ally as England ? Let 'Texas once developc her rcsouices— let Mexico be annexed to Texas —!%t the ab olitionists carry on the game with impunity, when the South and Wesfwill be invited to come in with them and form a most powerful . confederacy, reaching from the Potcmac to the Isthmus of Darien, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, leaving us at the North as barr as tho palm of our hands—our Sta tes thinned by emigration, and our manufactories destroy ed by flooding the whole South and West with [ British goods. j This is another of tho many false positions which Northern and Eastern politicians have ; placed tho currency. '>\e erect Michigan, Wisconsin, lowa, and other Northern terri , tories into States without opposition, but the moment the South is to have an additional State we hear the thunder of their jealousy, suspicion and distrust. 50 21-