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a htb rTs® WF Hit rC? Will! 1 UKf (OWi®lß(t?lTf/\IW Vo!. I. I’UiILISIIEU EVERY TUESDAY MORNINO J'.Y s. JACK. Twaas* T'hrk’s D<i!i:»rs pet anna.'n.ir? six mortlhs or four Do!. I* rß at tlio toxpir.it io iof the year Subscriber* living out of the State, will fco expected in all cases to pay in advance. 'No subscription received for less than nno year, n.ilesa the money it paid in advance; and no pnjicr will be discontinued until all arrearyes are pan’, ex. cept at the option of the Publisher. 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IT Notice that Application will be mv?n for Let- Ttrw of Administration, mu t be putd'ohcd thirty days nl;d Letters ol Dianii sion, fix months. 33“ For A Ivermintt —Letters of Citation, ?' ~ > UTNotico to Debtor# and Creditors, (40 d.iya.) 0 25 Four Month No!ices. 1 00 Sales of Personal Property by Executor-, A’minis fr&tora or Guardunr, 4 "do p, lien of Land or N«prdc.» hr (’<>. 4 ?•> A.j’plication lor Lettci/ ol Dismission, 1 o 0 Other Advcrtisemmita will bv* chorped 7i --ents for ivory u-ircrn ImoO * f small typo, (or spars < (mi tfcloitt.) first insertion, itt d 5 ) cciiih I r »«< b we« h'• y contir umce. Ifp'.tblial i d < mm * oil rr week, 6dt <:is*. foresoli CoTi'inurtiiee. If j nl>l:sh*-tl onco n immih it 'rill bo charged t‘<i*;h tan*' a's now advertisement. For a- fcna'o uiaertmu onto D'dlurper tq rare. •Copy of a Lsf'O’ fmen the .Sccrcmry of IV'nr to the Obvemcrs ot Georgia* Tsnttesfece, Alabama and Flunk Carolina, L>r.r.i!lT>ir:;T nr War, } May 23, 1838. \ ftarc—l have the honor to transmit herewith no votir Excel!- tn-y, ft eopv ofn proposed nr. Tttngement, with Jolm IlnS3 ;md other Chiefs, •nnd hmd ii-.en of tlie Cherokee notion, now in ifcis city. Your.lixcdlloney v. i I perceive in thee'' proposals, that tho government, while it rmeks to pro* nre Urn co-operation of the dele j/utionin the |*eace(yhle removal of the Chtro. lews, has carefully abstained from comproroit itiT the rights nnd interests of the States con conttsd in the execution of the treaty. It is ’ not supposed t! . t it will it quire so lou.tr as two yonrs, to remove lilts remaining Cherokees to their new liomes west of the Mississippi; but, whatever term of timiJ i-iy be necessary to tlntir comfortableemigration, the Department roli-is upon the generosity of tlie Slates inter. « ste«l, not to press their claims so long ns they are sat .shed that due diligence is used by the* agtmts of the nation to effect this desirable ob ject, us speedily us practicable. Very n ipectfully, 5 our most ub t servant, J. R. POINSETT. To the Governors of Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama nnd North Carolina. Copy of a Letter from tho Secretary ot War to Map*r Ccneml Scott, dated J Department of Wail May 23, 1838. S Sir —You will receive, herewith, a copy of proposals made by the Department to the Cherokee Delegation now in this city, which, it is believed, will bu accepted by them. You are, therefore, hereby authorised to enter into an agreement with the agents of tho nation for the removal of their people. The expen. ts«?s attending the emigration of the Cherokees arc now fully ascertained bv past experience, and it is presumed you w ill find no difficulty in making such an arrangement ns, while it will secure their comfortable removal in a manner most agreeable to their chiefs and head men, will effectually protect the inter e4s ol the United States, and prevent all unnecessary delay or useless expenditures. Whether tho removal of this people is to be continued by tlie military force under your command, or to be conducted by their own agents, care nuiat*be token that it be carried on continuously, nnd as speedily as may be consistent with their health and comfort. It must commence in that part of the territory which has been granted or sold by the States te whose jurisdiction it belongs, in order that the several proprietors of the land may be I'd in possession of their estates with as little delay as possible. These proposals have been laid before Congress for the purpose of ob taining such legislative provisions as they re «m»re; but it » not intended thereby to retard tea yjtvcuuoe of the treaty, and you wifi therefore pursue tho measures you have al. fgndy adopted, utril the agents of the nation tiro ready to take charge of the future emi gration of their people, nor will you then per mit unv unnecessary delay in tliuir opera tions. Very respectfully, Your most obedient servant, J. R. POINSETT. Major General Windfild Scott, Athens, Tennessee. [COPY.] Executive Department, ) Miliedgeville, May 28, 1838. $ To the Hon. Joel R. Poinsett: Sir:—! have had the honor of receiving from you the proposals of the Government to John Ross, and instructions to General Scott. Thu surprise and regret excited in myself j at these proceedings of the Government, I j am sure will be felt by every citizen of the j State. I can give to them no sanction what ever, The proposals of Ross could not be '■ carried into execution but in violation of tlie I rights of tlie State. The very making of \ them must prove exceedingly injurious to the , interests of its people. The lands which arc in the occupancy of the Indians, are the private property of its j citizens, and the owners are now entitled by | the law to possession. For the purpose of] preventing all unnecessary suffering and hard ships on the part of the Cherokees, the pro prieiors Lave been earnestly entreated not to enforce their rights at once, but to wait j until the Indians should be removed by the ] itrinv. They have been assured that this would be-done by the President as soon as possi- - hie, and in perfect good faith. Sincere regret is fell that the success of these efforts in the cause of humanity has been defeated by tlie Government. As soon as the proposals to Ross and tho instructions to General Scoot are known o the proprietors, they will no longer be restrained from taking possession of their j ropes tv It Lecontes necessary, therefore, that 1 should know whether the President intends, in the instructions to Gen. Scott, to require that tho Indians shall be maintained in their occupancy- I>y an armed I'orce, in opposition to the rights of the own ers of the soil. If such is tlie intention of die President, a direct collision between the authorities of the State nnd the General ] Government must ensue. Mv duty will re riro that 1 shall prevent any interference whatever by the troops with the rights of the Suite and its citizens. I shall not fail to per. form it. To avoid misunderstanding, permit me to request that, you will communicate to me, and as early us you can conveniently, the President’s views upon this subject. I have no doubt but the Indians can he re. moved from the Stale, in tho execution of the treaty and by the troops now organized and stationed in the country with that avowed purpose, with more ease and expedition, and a readier acquiescence on the port of the In dians, than by any means in the power of this Statin If however, the Government consents that Ross nnd his friends shall re main two years longer, the State will be obli ged to get rid of tlie evils which must necess arily arise from such policy, by exercising its own tight of jurisdiction, and remove them by the most efficient means which it can com mand. Very respectfully, vours, <\-c., GEORGE R. GILMER. (COPY.] FSKccTive Department, ( Mdledgevile, 30ih ,M»y, IH3B. ( Sir: —l onefewt* t > you my answer to the letter of jhe Secretary of War, upon the aubject ot hi» pro posals to John Rob?, and Into instruction? to Gene ral Scott. All here concur in the opinion that these proceed ings of the Government nre a violation of tlie rights ot the Staic, nnd calculated to produce the most ex i tensive evils to Cherokee country. Permit me to request, that the delegation in Con gress from this will unite in ascertaining from the President whether it is his intention to conunue the present delay in removing the Cherokees l>v the j troops under Gen. Scott, for ihe purpose of effecting that object bv contracts to bo made with the agents of RoisS and his triends, or for any other purpose? and whether tt ts his intention to maintain the Indians bv fore* upon the soil of Georgia, in opposition to the will of the State and the rights of us citizens to whom the lands have been granted? And that you corooDAnicate to me kis determination. Very respectfully, yours, die. GEORGE R. GILMER. To the Georgia I'es-i-cation. [COPY] I'xEctnrva Dkf ybtmext, j sMdlcdgcv! Jt?. 30th May, 183-. V To the Hon. Wh, C. Dawson: Sir:—l send you a letter addressed to the ■ owners of the land occupied by the Indians in I the Cherokee country, immediately before they had acquired, by tlie law, the right to j take possession. 1 confidently believe that the most of them would have pursued the course recommended. Tlie very best feel ing prevailed every where.—The alarms and distrust winch had existed some time ago, had subsided- This has proceeded, in a great do- W i s d o m , Jsi s S l cc, abi il ffl o derail o bi. RO3IE, FLOYD COUNTY, QEOISGIA, JUNE 19, 1838. gree, from the incessant exertion which has been used, to prevent any violation of the rights of the Indians, and the assurances given to the people, that the Government would remove the Indians as soon as possible, and afffrd every one protection against vio lence. In Gilmer and Union counlies, w lie re the Indians are twice ns numerous as the whites, tlie people were, two weeks ago, per fectly quiet, and travelling fs safe as any where. But for a lingering expectation that Ross would be able to retain their country for them, it is confidently believed that a great proportion of the Cherokees would have been now preparing to remove. »So confi dent were the people, that no dilfiulty or vio h nee would occur in the removal, that they were indicating a disposition to complain against the Government for sending so many troops among them. No one has ever felt more satisfaction than 1 have done at the re sult of my labois for the last six months. No violence of tiny kind had occurred between tho Whites and Indians when Gen. Scott took command. I had suffered great anxiety whilst the troops were in preparation. Diffi- ] cutties seemed to be over. No one who has' not labored as 1 have done lo save the lives, and prevent the suffering of a whole cominu- ; nity, can understand the deep mortification 1 have felt, in knowing that tlie happy results of all my exertions must certainly be destroy- , ed by the late proceedings of tlie President. ; Our people have been so harrassed for a long ] time by Indian disturbances, alarms, and wars, that they will not hear it longer than tlie trea. ty required them. To ask them to suffer Ro>s and his friends to remain among them for two years longer, with the knowledge that every citizen of the Cherokee country has, that the Indians would have been con tented at their home in the West long before tin’s, but for the exertion of Ross and his friends, is utterly idle. When 1 proposed to the Secretary of War and John Ross, two months ago, that Ross should remove his peo ple voluntarily before tlie time arrived for their removal by the army, upon a large com pensation to he allowed him by the Govern merit, I received a direct refusal from Ross, and my letter to tlie Secretary of War, was not honored with an answer. That tho Scc retal'y now, when the Government has no power over the treaty, except to enforce it, should propose to reward Ross for denouncing the Government as dishonest and faithless, by possession of (he lands of the people granted to them by the State, is indeed an act of dis honesty and faithlessness. Tho President will not be permitted to sell the lights of tlie people of Georgia, to buy votes elsewhere. The people will sec to that, if the public au thorities dei not. If my health permits and tho President do terminra that lie will maintain tho Indians in thtdr occupancy of the .Stale, I shall proceed to the Cherokee Country, nnd try whether the 'rightsof the State are to he trampled upon, or violated by military force. We have two thousand men in the field, under Gen. Floyd— not one of whom will obey any order to sot at dt fiance the sovereignty of tho Slate. If the United States troops shall attempt to re sist cur laws, they will bn required to leave the S'ate, and our troops be withdrawn from the United States service. The requisition under which they went into service was to remove the Cherokees, not to maintain them upon our soil. The Government may vet stop in its work of unmixed mischief. Tho Indians can be removed by the United States Government nnd the troops now assembled, with more case, and less suffering, than by the State, and I shall continue to insist upon its proceeding to remove them at once. If the President refits* s, tlie consequences must be upon his head, For t!m purpose of giving you as much in formation ns I readily can, as to the course taken by the State and General Government, in removing the Cherokees, 1 forward you the enclosed copies of papers. The requisition of Gen Scott for troops from this State. Mv order for raising them, and the special commissions given to the offi cers, show that these troops nre only authoii zed to remove the Indians and protect the peo ple. The letters to the owners of the land occu pied by the Indians, to the Generals Scott and Floyd, show the rights of the people, and at the same time the exertions which have been made to prevent any collision b* tween them and the Indians, and the gencm! state o; peace, nnd the confidence that the Indians would, with prudence, bo removed without dif ficulty. 'I he proclamation of the 13th March, w ill show the anxiety with which I have protec. ted the rights of the Indians. Tho address of Gen. Scott to the ('bero kees, shows what his original instructions were. He 3iys he has no right to grant them further delay, and that wi hin one month, every man, woman and child, must be moving from the country. My letters to the Secretary cf War and Ross, show that more than two mon’hs before the arrival cf the time for the removal of the Indians, by force, I proposed that Ross should before that time, remove them volunfarily. Ross’ answer shows for itself. None was re ceived from Mr. Poinsett. 1 send you the late instructions to Gen. Scott, which shew that the President is pro. ceeding without the consent of the States or Congress, to Stop tlie removal of the Indians by the troops, and to rely upon contracts with Ross’s friends ; and the intention of the Pres ident to make the owners of the lands in this State, depend upon General Scott for possess ion. In my letter of the 30th November, I re quested Mr. Poinsett to put an end to his cor respondence with Ross. In his reply of the 9th December, he says it was continued with the hope of inducing Ross to aid in tlie peace able removal of the Indians; but when he was .satisfied that this could not be done, he would inform rne of it. In bis letter of the 16th December lie writes, that in conformity with that promise, his correspondence with Ross was at an end. Several communications have been received this morning from the Cherokee country. A slate of quiet prevails every where. 1 send you an extract of Dr. Hamilton’s letter. I cannot but hope that the friends of humanity will induce the Government to retrace its steps. Yerv respectfully, vours, (fee. ' GEORGE R. GILMER. [COPY.] Milledoetille, June 2d, 1838. To his Excellency, G. R. Gilmer: Sir : —Having just arrived from the scene of operations in the Cherokee Country, I avail myself of the honor of communicating to your Excellency, the movements of my Chief, General Scott, within the limits of Georgia. Upon the 24th ult., lie placed the Georgia Volunteers under the command of Gen. F'loyd, in position ; and on the 25th com menced operations. Gcneial Floyd, in person, commanded the first detachment that opera ted. The promptness and ability of bis move ment, gave to tlie commanding General .the highest satisfaction, while it presented to the balance of the command, the most salutary example. The number of prisoners on Tuesday last, was about 3000 ; and by this time, 1 do not think there is a wandering Indian in the Cher okee country, within the limits of Georgia. Plie captures were made with the utmost kindness and humanity, and free from every stain of violence. ‘I he deportment of our Georgia citizens, resident in the Cherokee counties, has been marked by n forbearance and kindness to wards the Indians, that must win for them the admiration of every philanthropist. Permit me to conclude with the congratulation of our rights being so promptly and perfectly secured. With the highest regard, A. H. KENAN. Volunteer Aul-dc-camp for Gen. Scott. From the Washington Chronicle. THE CHEROKEES. 'l'lio message of the President in relation to this tribe of Indians has produced no little excitement in Congress. Whatever may be thought of the expediency of affording time for the execution of the Treaty, it is certain that Georgia will proceed to take possession of the Territory ceded. Tho State autlioi. ties, no doubt authorized entries on yesterday —the day specified by tho existing Treaties; and it seems to us useless to discuss the mat ter now. It can hut lead to violent excite ments of feeling, if not to something worse. Already the tomahawk is lifted in Georgia,— blood has been shed —and popular excess may be anticipated, which this inflammatory dis cussion is only calculated to increase. —We see no good that possibly can come of it. As to threats employed against the State by speakers in Congress, they are out of '.’me, and can have no possible influence, l'eder alism has tried meuaces before, but always without effect. Mr. Wise, we were sorry to hear, declared lie would not give a fig for the Government if it had not the right to compel the States to bow to its decisions. “ The ma. jority has the right," he is reported to have said, “/a castigate the minority into submission, ly the trliole paicer of the Judiciary, the army and the nary of the ( ni/ed States /” la sooth, this is going a bow shot beyond Messrs. Ad ams, sen., Webster, Otis, and Clay. This »s worse than Federalism—it is central ties j potism. But the mantle of Whig covers the j offence, or sanctifies il—Georgia, however,! xritl go on, we suppose; and talk extravagan. i cl* 9 of Nationalism hereafter. Suicide. —Mr. F.. Sigourney*Norton, for-. mrrly Alderman of this city, yesterday mor- j ning comm ttc-d suicide, by cutting bis throat ■ from ear to ear w»th a razor. —We are not j apprized of the circumstances which led to i this unfortunate tragedy. His friends, who j were in the house seemed to have no intima- j lion of his bloody purpose, until they were aroused to his condition by hearing his death struggle in tho adjoining room, when it was too late to save his life. The fatal instru ment had been used too successfully. He lived but a few minutes after the wound was inflicted. — Columbus Enquirer. TWEMTY-FIFTH COS G 2ICSS, SECOND SESSION. HOUSE OF REPRESENT A TIVES. i»L4 Y 23. INDIAN HOSTILITIES. On motion of Mr. Carabreleng, tlie House again resolved itself into a Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union, Mr. Howard in the Chair, and resumed the consideration of the “bill making appropriations]!!)!- preventing and-suppressing Indian hostilities for the year 1837.” „ The question was on the following amend, rnent submitted on Monday last by Mr. Bell by adding to the end oftho bill the following: “ Provided, That, if tho President shall certain that all discontent and further opposi tion on the part of any portion of the Cherokee Indians to the treaty of eighteen hundred and thirty-five can be allayed or avoided, by al lowing an additional compensation for the land’s ceded to the United States by said treaty, and that the Government may thereby be saved tlie expense of keeping on foot tlte large mili tary force in the Cherokee country now con templated, he is hereby authorized to apply two millions of the sum appropriated by this act to that object.” Mr. Wise, who was enttlled to tlie floor, went on at length to review and condemn tho Cherokee treaty, as a fraud perpetrated by Parson Schcrmerhorn nnd Agmit Curry.— The compact between the Federal Govern incut and the State of Georgia, he insisted, was not binding upon tlie third party, tile Chero kees. He was for compelling Georgia to a- I bide the action of the Federal Government, ' and to castigate her if she refused to obey the ! lows of the General Government, for he would take sides with justice. He said this too us a State Rights man. A State was bound to o betlience, and could be coerced to it on refusal. In the course of his remarks, having made some reference to the treaty with the New York Indians, Mr. Filmore followed for a short time in its defence. Mr. Wise reiterated his allegation, that this treaty had been brought about by improper means, by the use of Whiskey, and the with holding of the Seneca annuity. It was a min ority treaty. Mr. F'ilmore replied that he had made spe cial inquiry in reference to whiskey, but found the charge unfounded; that the treaty was made by a majority of the chiefs, and the an i nuity was withheld only for the want of specie, I as he understood; and it was denied by those that knew, that the annuity was kept back to coerce the Indians into a treaty. Mr. Wise rejoined to the latter, and read, in support of tlie charge, a letter to Maj. Gar land, from Mr. Striker, •ad vising the holding back of the payment, and anchor to the same ] effect from Schcrmerhorn, who took upon him | self to attend ns the evil genius of the Indians I every where. Mr. Towns then proceeded to reply to Mr. I Wise; in the course of which he expressed hi.s I regret that such a document as the message of { the President should have been sent in; nnd though he gave President credit for good in ] tentions, Mr. T. could not thank him for it. If | the knowledge of it should reuch tho Indians, { bloodshed must inevitably ensue. Had such I a papev been issued twelve months ago, it ! might perhaps, have effected its object; but it was too late now. The gentleman from Vir j ginia’talked of castigating Georgia. Castigu- I ting her for what? Not for disobeying tho laws !of the land, lor Mr. T. insisted that Georgia ] was on tlie side of the laws, and in adhering to | the compact and the treaty made in pursuance | thereof, was maintaining the laws. So far | from having nullified, the course of Georgia 1 had avoided any such issue. Ho deprecated, j with much severity, the use of such a term as that of “castigation” ofn State. Mr. Wise explained that he made use of tho remark, in reply to what was regarded as a threat, from more than one member from Geor gia, who declared that, unless this treaty was carried into effect, Georgia would take her own ■ rights in her own hands, and it was in reply to that threat, that he had used the term he had. i Mr. Towns continued, and reasserted lrs i former point, adding that the Ilou se of Repre | sentatives, not being the treaty-making pow er, could not go into an examination of this treaty, with a view to its revocation. Mr. T. however, maintained that it was a valid treaty, and went on to defend the course of Georgia in i extending her criminal jurisdiction over the Indian territory within her limits, a solemn duty imperatively imposed upon her from the i pretensions of independent Government, and conflicting laws, set up by and enacted by the ] Cherokees. Hence this policy of her’e was not of her own seeking, bu! grew' out of a coin bination of circumstances over which she had no control. Mr. T. then went into an examt- A'O 22*