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12 WOMAN’S DEPARTMENT What la a Lady and a Gentleman? The use of the word “lady” to de scribe all members ot the weaker sex from the charwoman to la grande dame with her palace on Fifth ave nue, has of late become a common offense, says a New York correspond ent of the Philadelphia Press. In spite of this fact, however, the good old Saxon word has not entirely lost its original significance, as will be seen by reading the opinions which follow from a number of prominent men: COL ROBERT G. INGERSOLL. Above all, a lady is kind and thoughtful of others. Whatever her outward charms may be, her soul is adorned with the jewels of honesty, fidelity and virtue. If she is rich she visits the poor, if poor, she is indus trious Bnd hopeful. In her heart there is none of the spirit of caste. Without envying the higher she pities the lower. As daughter she is affec tionate, as wife faithful, as mother loving and self-denying. Whether handsome or homely, in robes or rags, the perfect lady is the crown of the world. OLIVER SUMNER TEAL. What is a lady? One who sells things; all others are women. BUPERINTBNDENT BYRNES. The misapplication of the term lady has nothing to do with the name in itself. You can attach it to whatever you like, or use it in any sense you choose, but the word with its strong significance remains the same. It means a woman who by nature or re quirement preserves a refinement and elegance of manner which makes it self felt wherever sho goes. She com mands respect and gets it. Whether in a handsome drawing-room or in the crowded streets or some rough district, her ladylike demeanor is bound to have its effect, and by in stinct people will know she is a lady and treats her as such. [M. H. SOTHERN. Who can define a lady? She is a perfume. We don’t know what to name her. A lady has no definition that I know of. In my opinion, though, she is a well-bred, good woman; a good woman above all. Each man has his ideal and every oth er man shatters it. DISTRICT ATTORNEY NICOLL. It seems to me that the essential qualities of a lady are modesty, re finement and a desire to consult the feelings of others. A woman, in or der to be a lady in the highest sense of the term, should not be too asser tive in manner, and should never act as if she thought she knew more than everyone else. A lady always does kind, nice things, always loves her home and uses her influence to make men better and happier. A. H. HUMMEL. In my estimation a lady cbmpre hends all that the loveliest, daintiest, sweetest, tenderest, noblest and best of womankind implies. In one word, she is the superlative of her sex. MAYOR GILROY. A lady is a natural production, I do not care whether she is rich or poor. A lady is a woman who discharges faithfully and tenderly all of the du ties imposed upon her by the station in life in which she finoe herself. FATHER CORRIGAN. What is a lady? She is an angel. An angel in human form. There are but two perfect ladies. One is dead and the other can’t be found, Perfec tion, you know, is found only in heaven. Ent this question that you ask me is a difficult one for a priest to answer, because, you know, we are commonly supposed to know nothing about the ladies. And so, with priest ly conservatism, I must content my self with saying that I believe woman is the surest means of bringing souls to heaven. And is not that enough? What more could one say? WHAT CONSTITUTES A GENTLEMAN. By the majority of people the term gentleman is used to describe any man who is well dressed, fairly wall educated, and who always has money in his pocket. It is not so easy, however, to define what the word does mean in its high est sense. I questioned a number of bright and well-known women, whose opinions •n the subject I submit: AUNT LOUISE ELDRIDGE. Aman who is kind and consider ate to others, whether they are hie in feriors or equals; a man who is as po lite to old women as he is to a young and handsome one. I am sure the sight I saw the other day was the aot of a true gentleman. A young actor I know held the big bundle of an old washerwoman on one armlwhile with the other he helped her carefully on the horse car. Now there is a lad who was brought up in the right way, who was taught to be courteous to all wo men, and that to be gentlemanly to the old and poor, never lowered his dignity one whit. I think you can also tell a gentle man by the manner in which he com ports himself at the table. No matter how poor ha is he will know how to handle his knife, fork and napkin if he is well brought up. Another ex cellent place to find out a gentleman is in traveling—some men are such hogs on trains and in hotels. I have had plenty of chance to observe them, I assure you, traveling around so long, and such instances of selfishness as I have seen in men who called them selves gentlemen you could hardly believe. No man who is selfish can possibly be a gentleman, because he is always thinking of himself, and when called upon to put himself out in any way to oblige others, he will end by being discourteous. I am not one of those women who expect a man tojump up and give me a seat whenever I enter a oar. Wo men who get into a crowded car ought to expect to take their chances, and oftentimes the hard-working man is much more tired than the girl he va cates his seat for, but Ido like to see a man willing to do it, and not sit still with an exasperatingly content ed look on his face as if glad he was cheating some woman out of a seat. I don’t think a man is always un gentlemanly because he does not get up for a lady, but I certainly consider it the act of a gentleman when he gives his seat to the old or to a wo man with a child in her arms. HELEN DAUVRAY. A gentleman? A man who can be brilliant and intellectual without ego tism; courageous without effrontery. Honest to the extent of always declar ing his unbiased opinion, regardless of results. Loving without selfish ness, passionate without lust. Just, but humane, and never forgetting, es pecially in the presense of women, that his mother was a woman. MARQUISE DE LANZA. Having seen very few gentlemen in the course of my career, my remarks must be of necessity more speculative than they would be were they based upon actual experience of a wider kind than I happen to possess. I may say here that 1 am not one of those who wax eloquent over what is termed “Nature’s Noblemen,” for while, of course, the fine traits to be met with in this special class are es sential to the true gentleman, he re quires many other qualities which the other never has and cannot ac quire by any chance. I don’t want to be considered snobbish, but I place good blood before everything else that goes to make a gentleman. I have seen numerous aristocrats who were anything but gentle men, but that does not alter the fact that a certain refining instinct, which can be innerited only, is needful for the gentleman. It is ail nonsense to declare one man to be as good as another. He isn’t al ways, any more than a cart horse is the equal of the racing steed, or the mongrel in the gutter that of the thor oughbred dog, who is as fine in his way as a dainty child. To good birth I would add good breeding, and it is just this attribute which the man of inferior birth finds is most elusive and difficult of attain ment. The prime tests of good breeding are invariable courtesy toward wom en, strict honesty towards men, an avoidance of exaggeration and excess in tne ordinary affairs of existence and an absolute control of passion in any form. These things are the outcome of the broad and liberal culture, the knowl edge wi the world, coupled with the savoirfaire to recognize its foibles and at the same time understand how to escape them, that go to the making of a gentleman. But with ail this he must have nothing of either the prig or the pedant in his composition, and he must love virtue for its own sake By virtue I don’t mean cheap forms of morality, but a wide comprehension and performance ot the every-day du ties of life that have nothing to do with the highways and byways of hu man weakness. I might supplement a list of manly and noble qualities which appear obli gatory, but when 1 say the gentleman must be well born and well bred, 1 fancy that covers everything. MRS. A. W. PALMER. A truly gentle and generous heart constitutes a gentleman in my eyes. It makes no difference how badly he is dressed; whether his clothes are ill fitting or his linen frayed. If a man’s heart is in the right place he is sure to do the right thing. It will prompt him to be kind to others, courteous to women, honest and up right in all his dealings. He may not always be up in the latest fashion of shaking hands, or in the hundred and one little niceties that a fashion able man prides himself upon, but he will be thoughtful, considerate and a man you can rely on under all circum stances. thk southern farm. marie tempest. a mind as white and pure as the driven snow. A man, out of whose mouth you never hear an unkind word about a woman, and a man who re spects his mother and family. I detest a goody-goody man. I think, as a usual thing, we find them insin cere; but a man whom you can make a friend of, and one whom you never hear utter an obscene word, is what I should consider an ideal gentleman. LOIE FULLER, OR LA LOIS, I suppose every one else would con sider that a man who was invariably polite to women under all circum stances was a gentleman, eh? Well, I don’t think so at all. You will us ually find out that the very pleasing courtesy you are enjoying at his hands is costing some one else con siderable worry or considerable busi ness. I have just seen a case of this kind exemplified, so I speak know ingly. This man in question was supposed to look after the affairs of a professional woman, and be on hand to receive salaries paid her, but his extreme politness in taking a friend of hers home one evening prevented his being at his post, and she lost the amount. The only excuse he offered was that he couldn’t be impolite. Perhaps I demand too much in a man, and, probably my definition of a gentleman would be “a man who would do just as I wanted him to do at all times, providing he did not neglect his business.” Strong Association. Among the few reliable medical in stitutions having a national reputa tion, none are esteemed higher by patients and public generally than the Erie Medical Co., of Chicago and Buffalo. For fourteen years this company nas Deen numbered among the heaviest reliable advertisers of the United States, and in matter of pos tage the government received more revenue from the Erie Medical Com pany alone, than from any city of 40,- 000 inhabitants (with a few excep tions) during the first six months of this year. The financial standing of the Company is attributable only to the phenominal success of the treat ment carried on by its different of fices; and the fact that one patient almost invaribly brings another. A century ago the cures effected by their system of treatment (which is peculiar to themselves) would have been regarded little short of miracu lous. It is remarkable what a large per centage of persons treated, voluntar ily offer their testimony as to the ben efits and permanent cures derived — thousands and thousands of such let ters have been received and are on file. Correspondence is treated confiden tially and all business dealings are “on honor.” A Woman of Great Pluck. Another epoch in the history of wo man’s strivings for the highest educa tional privileges, advantages and hon ors has just been marked by the en trance of Mrs. Arthur Davis, of Wash ington, into competition at Johns Hopkins University for the degree of doctor of philosophy. She has been empelled as a member of the post graduate class and will take the pre scribed course, although even should she stand above all in the examina tions, she may never receive the de gree nor the SSOO, both of which may go to another below her in success, but who, will happen to oe of male sex. She will be handicapped, too, as no male student ever was, for she will have three small children, the young est not yet 3 months old, to look after while she is pursuing her arduous studies, and she purposes to do her whole duty by her family. And there is every indication, from her past re markable successes, that she will tri umph even as did Miss Philippa Gar rett Fawcett in the Cambridge math ematical tripos three years ago. It is pure love of the most difficult, and ac counted the driest of the exact scien ces, that is urging her in the under taking, aud no mere desire for the honor that would be hers in achieve ment of so difficult a feat. Mrs. Davis is just 30 years old. All her life since she first went to school, she has shown remarkable mathemat ical ability. Her teachers at school and her professors at the Columbian University thought her a prodigy. 6he competed with a number of men mathematicians for a high place in the Nautical Almanac office several years ago, routed them all in three hours, and in two more had solved all the difficult problems of higher math ematics and astronomy submitted to her, was pronounced by the enthu siastic examiners “100-100,” more than perfect, and got the place. She was then Miss Elizabeth Pres ton Brown, of Front Boy al, Va. She has read tne proofs and verified the problems for several of Prof. Gore’s and Prof. Newcomb’s most difficult works. For several years she has had the government’s contract to calcu late the ephemeris of the sun, and still holds it. She calculates the or bits of new comets discovered by Prof. Newcombe and of those discovered at the Lick observatory, and high com mendations for her unusual mathe matical ability has been accorded te her by the Astronomical Journal. Among her minor aohievments, she discovered and corrected an error in one of the tables of La Place, which had been causing constant inaccura cies. Her husband is a member of the geological survey, and is engaged in work in southern California which will keep him there most ot the time his wife is studying at Johns Hop kins. He sympathizes with her ambi tion. The result of her efforts _ and experiments at John Hopkins will be looked for with interest. It will be recalled that Miss Fawcett carried off the highest mathematical honors at Cambridge in 1890, ranking the senior wrangler, who was one of the most distinguished matuematioians in Eng land. She, however, gained no fellow ship, no pecuniary reward and receiv ed no degree, because she was a wo man. Perhaps John Hopkins may be more generous, or more just, if Mrs. Davis succeeds as she hopes. To» Vague. Dr. Bicknell had nursed his wife through a long and dangerous illness. When she was convalescent she want en some diet stronger than the rice, beef tea, etc., which had been her pre scribed fare. One day when the doctor was on the point of leaving her for a visit to another patient who lived a few miles away, sne asked him if she might have some chicken to eat. He hesitated a while, but answered rather reluc tantly, “Yes, you may eat a little chicken.” When he returned he asked if she had eaten“anything. “Yes,” she answered, “and I never enjoyed anything so much.” “Did you try the wing of the chick en, as I told you?” “The wing! I ate the whole chick en. You said I might eat a little one.” The doctor was alarmed, but as no harm came of it, he could afford to laugh about it afterward. Ella, four years old, asked her grandfather to get her a bicycle. “A bicycle, child; what do you want with it?” “To eat, GS'iXidpa. There’s a plenty of them a hangin’ to the eaves of the porch.” She meant icicles of course. A bright little boy of our acquain tance surprised his mother by saying that as his baby brother was so sweet he was sorry he “was not his ’whole’ brother.” “Why,what do you mean?” she ask ed in much wonder. “Well, the baby that died was my brother, wasn’t he? Then this one is my half brother, and another would be just a quarter-one, I guess.” He carried an arithmetic to school that afternoon. The same little man recently took his first capsule of quinine, and it must have been too large a dose. He startled his parents by appear ing in the sitting-room several hours after he had been tucked into his own crib-bed. He showed no haste nor alarm but, instead, bad a rapt look on his face as he said simply: “I am not walking in my sleep, mama. 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