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Mysteries of Science and Nature
Wireless Telegraphy, Which Travels Just as Fast as Light, Could
Reach the Moon in About One and One-third Seconds. -
HE attempt is often made to
T convey a clear idea of the
tremendous depths of space
in which the stars are situated
by, calculating the number of
years thgt light, traveling at the
speed of 186,000 miles per SsecC
ond, would require to come to the
earth from certain stars whose
distance has been approximately
measured by means of their par
allax.
Just Imagine the Depth
of Space of the
Stars.
Parallax means the angular
displacement against the back
ground of the sky that a star
shows when viewed alternately
from opposite sides of the earth’'s
orbit, which is about 186,000,000
miles across, or a thousand times
the distance that light can go in
a second. This displacement s
never large enough to* be visible
except By the most delicate in
strumental measurements. In the
case of the -nearest star known it
{s equal to less than omne 2,500 th
part of the pbreadth of the full
moon. .
When distances 12;;resemed by
such glight parallaxes are calcu
lated in miles the numbers in
volved become too great for ready
comprehension, because there is
nothing in our earthly experience
with which we can compare
them. Hence the attempts to
make them “realizable” by calcu-
Jating them in “light-years”—li. €.,
the space that the light of the
stars traverses in one year. The
standard of measurement, or “as
tronomical yard-stick,” thus ob
tained is about 5,800,000,000,000
miles long, which involves again
an almost unimaginable number,
but it seems to be the best we can
do. At any rate, the employment
-of this standard enables us tore
duce the numbers representing
the distances of the stars to very
ordinary figures. For instance,
the nearest star is about five
light-years distant, and from this
the measured star distances
(which are all only approxima
tions) run up to a hundred, or,
MARRY RICH-Hundareds anxious to
marry. Deacrl%tmnl and photos free
;‘nlaged). The Unity, Grand Rapids,
ch.
THE GEORGIAN’S NEWS BRIEFS.
By GARRETT P. SERVISS
with great uncertainty, to a thou
sand light-years. A
But there is reaton to believe
that there are hosts of - stars
whose distance may be neot only
a thousand, but several thou
sand, light-years, In other words,
they are so far away that if one
of them should suddenly be ex
tinguished (a fate that has some
times overtaken a star), the last
rays of light that it had given
birth to would still be on their
way to the earth several thou
sand years after the star had ac
tually ceased to exist.
Light Motion So Rapid
It Escapes Our At
tention.
And, comyriwile, if a new
gtar should suddenly spring into
existence in those remote regions,
its light would require thousands
of years to reach us, and conse
quently it would be ir existence
all that length of time without
our being made aware of the fact
by the arrival of its Iluminous
waves through the ether,
This is the old way of illus
trating the enormous distances
of the stars, but while it has an
imposing effect upon the imagi
nation, it generally fails to pro
duce a very definite result in the
understanding, simply becauge it
is based upon the motion of the
waves of light, and in everyday
life we ‘n‘ve no consciousness of
that motion, whict ig so rapid
that it escapes our sense.
.
Wireless Telegraphy Is
a More Striking
Example.
But since the Invention of
wireless telegraphy a more strik
ing comparison is afforded by
means of which we may help our
selves to comprehend the dis
tances of the stars. This depends
upon the speed of the electric
waves which convey the radio
telegrams through the ether. This
gpeed, there is. every reason to
pelieve, is identical with that of
light—lin other words, it amounts
to 186,000 miles per second. An
eleciric wave, translatable into an
intelligible signal, can cross the
Atlantic Ocean in the sixtieth
part of a second. It could go to
the moon in less than one and
one-third seconds. If its speed is
exactiy that of light, then, in es
timating star.distances we may
substitute a “telegraph year” for
a light vear—that is to say, in
stead of using the distance that
light travels in one year for our
astronomical yard-stick, we may
use the distance that a wireless
signal gent out from the earth
would travel in the same time.
Since the two distances are
supposed identical the question
may be asked: “What is gained
by the substitution?” The reply
is that in consequence of the
public's growing familiarity with
the use of the electric waves it
has a clearer comprehension of
their immense speed than it has
of the speed of light, which is
only dealt with in scientific in
vestigations. To say, for in
stance, that a wave of light would
require 300 years to come to us
from a certain star is less in
forming to the average mind than
would be the equivalent state
ment that a wireless Mmessage
sent to us from that star would
be 300 years on its way through
the ether of space.
A striking application is afford
ed by the recent measurements
by Slocum, of the Yerkes Ob
servatory, of the parallax of the
brilliant new star which suddenly
shone out in the constellation
Gemini in 1912, and which is still
faintly visible, According to these
measurements, the distance of
that star is about 296 light-years.
But how much more picturesque
and graphic the statement be
comes when put in this form:
Message From This Star
Would Require 296
Years.
If the victims of the awful
catastrophe that destroyed the
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REALTY EXTENSION BCHOOL.
4147 North Hermitage Ave, Chicago.
worlds surrounding the blazing
star in Gemini (a catasirophe
that became known on the earth
in 1912), had sent out by radio
telegraphy to all the universe
their last despairing cry, “We are
lost!” the electric waves convey
ing it would have required 296
_years to reach the earth,
Man Stocks Up as
His Town Goes Dry
KEWANEE, ILL., May I.—Before
Kewanee went “dry” last night, as a
result of the local option election re
cently, one ciuzen purcnased 60 dozen
bottles of beer, which he figures will
last him for two years, consuming
one bottle daily. 2
AR TR BRRTRRRR TR RN NR NI AIR R INRARB ORGSR CERAARNGE RO mßm—n.
$1,500 TO $3,500 PER YEAR
CAN BE EARNED BY A FIVE-ACRE
FARM IN THE HEART OF
. FLORIDA.
Price Only $175.00 |
$5 Cash, $5 Monthly, No
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-~ We will gladly send you incontrover=
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tended if sick or out of employment.
Florida State Agricultural Depart«
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acre; celery, $1,9256; cucumbers, $5614;
English peas, $437; beans, $331, and you
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Don't delay, but send your pame and
address to-day.
MUNGER LAND COMPANY,
91 New York Life Building,
\ Kansas City, Mo. i
9