Newspaper Page Text
PAGE 2—THE BULLETIN, September 20, 1958
Text Of Encyclical "Ad
Holy Fattier Urges Chinese To
Resist Ai! Attempts To Set Up
‘independent Catholic Church”
(Radio. N.C.W.C. News Service)
VATICAN CITY. Sept. 8—
Foil owing is an English transla
tion, made available, at the Vati
can Press Office, of the papal
encyclical, “Ad Apostolorum
Principis,’' repeating the Holy
See's learning to Chinese Catho-
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lies against government attempts
to create a schismatic church on
the China mainland.
To the episcopate, clergy and
faithful of China:
Venerable brethren and dear
children, greetings and Our
apostolic benediction.
At the tomb of the Prince of
the Apostles amid the majesty
of the. Vatican basilica, Our im
mediate predecessor of immor
tal memory, Pius XI, as you
well know duly consecrated and
raised to the fullness of the
priesthood “the flowers and . . .
most recent saplings of the Chi
nese episcopate” (1). And on
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that solemn occasion he added
these words: “You have indeed
come, venerable brethren, to
see Peter and you have more
over received from him the
shepherd’s staff which you use
to undertake your apostolic
journeys and to gather together
your sheep. It is Peter who with
great love has embraced you
who constitute no small part of
the hope for the spread of the
truth of the Gospel among your
own people” (2).
The memory of that allocution
comes to Our mind- today, ven
erable brethren and dear chil
dren. Today in particular when
the Catholic Church in your fa
therland is experiencing condi
tions of great suffering and loss.
The hope indeed of our great
predecessor was not in vain nor
did it prove without effect, see
ing that new bands of holy pas
tors and heralds of the Gospel
have been joined to that first
group of bishops whom Peter,
living in his successor, had sent
to feed those choice flocks of the
Lord.
New works and religious un
dertakings flourished among
you in spite of the many diffi
cult obstacles. We too shared
in and increased that hope when
later we with very great joy es
tablished the hierarchy in Chi
na and We saw opening up yet
wider paths for the extension of
the Kingdom of Jesus Christ.
But alas after a few years the
sky was overcast by storm
clouds. On your Christian com
munities, many of which had
been flourishing from times long
past, there fell sad times full of
sorrows. Missionaries, among
whom were many archbishops
and bishops noted for their
apostolic zeal, and Our own in
ternuncio We saw driven from
China while bishops, priests, re
ligious — both men and women
— together with many of the
faithful were either cast into
prison or incurred every kind of
restraint and suffering.
On that occasion We could not
do other than raise Our voice in
sorrow and rebuke the unjust
attack in Our encyclical letter
of January 18, 1952 entitled
“Cupimus Imprimis” (3). In that
letter for the sake of truth and
conscious of Our duty We de
clared that the Catholic Church
should be considered a stranger
to no people on earth, still less
hostile to any. Rather that mov
ed by a mother’s anxiety, it em
braces all peoples in an equal
charity and seeks no earthly
advantage but employs what
powers if possessess to attract
the souls of all men to seek what
is eternal. We added further
that missionaries promote the
interest of no particular nation,
but since they come from every
quarter of the earth and are
united by a single love, God,
they seek and hope for nothing
else save the extension of the
boundaries of God’s kingdom
Consequently, it is clear that
their work is neither without
purpose nor is it harmful, but
rather beneficient and necessary
since it aids competent Chinese
clergy in the field of the Chris
tian apostolate.
And some two years later, Oc
tober 7, 1954, another encyc
lical letter was addressed to
you, beginning “Ad Sinarum
Gentem” (4), by which We in
tended to refute accusations
made against Catholics in China.
We openly declared that Cath
olics yielded to none nor could
they do so in true loyalty and
love of their native country.
Seeing also that there was be
ing spread among you the doc
trine of the so-called “three
autonomies,” We warned by vir
tue of that universal teaching
authority which We exercise by
divine command that this same
doctrine as understood by its
authors, whether in theory or in
the consequences which follow
from it, cannot receive the ap
proval of a Catholic, since it
turns minds away from the es
sential unity of the Church.
In these days, however, We
have to draw attention to the
fact that the Church in your
lands in recent years has been
brought to yet worse straints. In
the daily attacks, indeed, which
you have met — and in the
midst of so many great sorrows
this brings us great comfort —
unflinching faith has not been
wanting nor has the most ardent
love of the Divine Redeemer
and of His Church failed. Of this
unflinching faith and ardent
love you have borne witness in
innumerable ways of which a
small part only is known to
men, but for all of which you
will someday receive from God
an eternal reward.
Nevertheless We consider it to
be Our duty to declare openly
with a heart filled to its depths
with sorrow and anxiety that
matters touching you are, by de
ceit and cunning endeavor,
changing so much for the worse
that the false doctrine already
condemned by Us seems to be
approaching its final'stages and
to be causing its most serious
damage.
For by a particularly subtle
method of acting an association
has been created among you to
which has been attached the
title of patriotic and Catholics
are being forced by every means
to take part in it.
The purpose of the association
— according to innumerable
proclamations — is to unite the
clergy and people in a love of
religion and fatherland so as to
propagate patriotism, to pro
mote peace among peoples and
at same time to support that
brand of socialism which has
been introduced among you and
to foster its development and
extension with a view to help
ing civil officials in defending
what they call political and re
ligious liberty by giving them
active support.
But it is crystal clear that
once these general statements
about defense of peace and the
fatherland have been made and
which can mislead simple peo
ple, an association of this kind
is striving to bring into use cer
tain calculated and pernicious
plans.
For under the appearance of
patriotism which in practice is
shown to he a deceit, an associ
ation of this kind aims particu
larly at making Catholics grad
ually embrace tenets of atheis
tic materialism by which God
Himself is denied and the prin
ciples of religion rejected.
Under the guise of defending
peace the same association re
ceives and spreads false sus
picions and accusations by
which many in the ranks of the
clergy, including venerable bish
ops and even the Holy See it
self, are accused as if they ad
mit and promote schemes for
earthly domination or give rea
dy and willing consent to ex
ploitation of the people, as if
finally they on the basis of pre
conceived opinions are acting
with hostile intent against the
Chinese nation.
While they declare that it is
essential for every kind of free
dom in religious matters to flou
rish and that this makes easier
mutual relations between the
ecclesiastical and civil powers,
this association is in reality aim
ing at setting aside and neg
lecting the rights of the Church
and its complete subjection to
civil authorities.
Hence all its members are co
erced into approving those un
just prescriptions by which mis
sionaries are cast into exile, by
which bishops, priests, religious
men, nuns and the faithful in
considerable numbers are thrust
into prison; to consent to those
measures by which the jurisdic
tion of so many legitimate pas
tors is persistently obstructed; to
defend also those wicked prin
ciples which are totally opposed
to the unity, Catholicity and
hierarchical constitution of the
Church; to admit those first
steps by which the clergy and
faithful are undermined in the
obedience due to legitimate bish
ops, and to separate Catholic
communities from the Apostolic
See.
In order to spread these wick
ed principles more efficiently
and to fix them in everyone’s
mind this association — which
as We have said boasts of its
title of patriotism — uses a va
riety of means including vio
lence and oppression, numerous
publications printed at great
length, and group meetings and
congresses — and in these the
unwilling are forced to take part
by incitement, threats and de
ceit. In these if any bold spirit
strives to defend truth, his voice
is easily smothered and over
come and he is branded with a
mark of infamy as an enemy of
his native land and of the new
society. Further there should he
noted those courses of instruc
tion by which pupils are forced
to imbibe and embrace this false
doctrine. To these.priests, relig
ious — both men and women,
ecclesiastical students and faith
ful of all ages are forced to go.
There an almost endless series
of lectures and discussions last
ing for weeks and months so
weaken and benumb the
strength of mind and will that
a kind of psychical force ex
tracts an assent which contains
Apostolorum Principis"
almost no human element, an
assent which is not freely asked
for as it should be.
Add to these the methods by
which minds are upset — by
every means, in private and in
public, by traps, deceits, grave
fear, by so-called forced con
fessions, by custody in a place
where citizens are forcibly “re
educated,” and those “Peoples’
Courts” to which even venera
ble bishops are ignominiously
dragged for trial.
Against these methods of act
ing which violate the chief
rights of the human person and
trample on the sacred liberty
of the sons of God, all Christians
form every part of the world,
indeed all . men of good sense
cannot refrain from raising their
voices -with Us in real horror
and from uttering a protest by
deploring the damaged con
science of their fellow men.
And since these crimes are be
ing committed in the name of
patriotism We consider it Our
duty again to call to the mind
of all that the Church by its
very teaching exhorts and warns
Catholics to love their own
country with sincere and strong
love, to give due obedience in
accordance with natural and
positive divine law to those who
hold public office, to give them
active and ready assistance for
the promotion of those under
takings by which their native
land can in peace and order dai
ly achieve yet greater prosperi
ty and set about further true de
velopment.
The Church has never ceased
to impress on the minds of her
children that declaration of the
Divine Redeemer: “Render
therefore to Caesar the things
that are Caesar’s and to God the
things that are God’s” (5). We
call it a declaration because it
establishes as an objective prin
ciple of the Christian religion
that it does not oppose true cus
toms and advantages of the fa
therland and can never obstruct
them.
It must be asserted, however,
that if Christians are bound in
conscience to render to Caesar,
that is to human authority, what
belongs to it, Caesar likewise, or
those, who control the state ad
ministration, cannot command
obedience from citizens in those
things, exact obedience when it
is a question of usurping God’s
rights or when they are forcing
Christians to acj at variance
with their religious duties and
to sever themselves from the
unity of the Church and its law
ful hierarchy.
At those times, casting aside
all doubt, let each individual
Christian calmly and firmly re
peat those words which Peter
and the other Apostles used in
answer to the first persecutors
of the Church: “We must obey
God rather than men” (6).
With emphatic insistence
those who favor and promote
the interest of their association
which claims a monopoly on the
title of patriotism, speak over
and over again of peace and ad
monish Catholics earnestly to
exert all their efforts to estab
lish it. On the surface these
words are excellent and right
eous for who is more to be
praised than the man who pre
pares the way to introduce and
establish peace?
Peace however — as you well
know, venerable brethren and
beloved sons — does not rest in
words only, does not rely on
changing formulas, suitable for
the moment but which contra
dict the real plans and practices.
These plans are not in conform-
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ity with the meaning and meth
od of true peace but rather with
hatred, discord and mental de
ceit. A peace worthy of the
name must be founded on the
principles of charity and justice
which He taught who is the
“Prince of Peace” (7), who
adopted this title as a kind of
royal standard for Himself.
True peace is that which the
Church desires to be established,
namely stable, just, fair, found
ed on right order and which
links all together — citizens,
families and peoples — by the
firm ties of the rights of the Su
preme Lawgiver in the first
place, and then by the bonds of
mutual fraternal love and co
operation.
Peacefully looking forward to
and hoping for this harmonious
dwelling together of nations, the
Church demands that each na
tion preserve that degree of dig
nity which becomes it. For the
Church, who has ever kept a
friendly attitude toward the va
rious events in your country,
has long also spoken through
Our late predecessor of happy
memory and expressed the de
sire that “full recognition he
given to the legitimate aspira
tions and rights of that nation,
more populous than any other,
whose civilization and culture
goes back to the earliest times
and which in past ages with the
development of its resources has
had periods of great prosperity
and which it may be reasonably
conjectured will become even
greater in the future ages as
long as it pursues justice and
honor” (8).
On the other hand, as has
been made known both by
broadcast messages and by the
press, there are some — even
alas among the ranks of the
clergy — who do not shirk from
casting suspicion on the Apos
tolic See and hint that it has
evil designs toward your coun
try.
By thus adopting false and un
just convictions, they are will
fully not afraid to confine with
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teaching authority of the
Church in particular, insisting
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(Continued on Page Three)
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