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3,000 Refugees A Week Slip
Through Reds’ Iron Curtain
(N.C.W.C. NEWS SERVICE)
DETROIT — Refugees at
the rate of 3,000 a week are
filtering through the Iron
Curtain from East Berlin to
West Berlin, according to a
German legislator who visited
here.
Karl Krammig, a member
of the West German Bunde
stag (parliament), said that
frantic efforts by the East Ber
lin communists have failed to
halt the flow of refugees
through “the gateway to
liberty.”
Mr. Krammig, a Catholic
and the father of eight chil
dren, toured Dertoit as a mem
ber of the foreign leaders’ ex
change program of the U. S.
State Department. The integra
tion of refugees into the boom
ing of economy West Germany
is a lesson in governmental
efficiency, Mr. Krammig said.
The German legislator said
there is little unemployment
in West Germany. There are
about 450,000 job openings at
the present time, he said.
Immigrants are placed first
in “transitional’ camps for a
few days then sent to 6ne of
three refugee depots for fur
ther processing, he explained.
Because skilled laborers are
in demand, a qualified refugee
can be put to work almost im
mediately, Mr, Krammig, said.
He added: “Within a year, he
can have his own home.”
As might be expected, rela
tions between the East and
West Berlin governments are
cool, but there is warmth and
concern for the individual on
the person-to-person level, Mr.
Krammig said.
Mr. Krammig, leader of the
Christian Democratic Union’s
Bremen faction and a member
of the Bundestag’s finance
committee, said a united Ber
lin depends entirely on the at
titude of Russian and East
Berlin officials.
“In the event of reunion,
one of the most difficult prob
lems we would encounter
would be one of economics,”
he explained. “We would have
to raise their economy to our
present high level of prosper
ity. It would be difficult, but
it could be done.”
“We would also have to
evaluate the extent of penetra
tion of communist propaganda
among East Berliners, espe
cially among the youth,” he
added. “One thing is certain—
the longer reunion takes, the
more difficult it will be to
nullify the effects of commu
nist indoctrination in our fel
low countrymen.”
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THE BULLETIN, October 15, 1960—PAGE 7
CARDINAL FIETTA DIES
AT 76; HAD BEEN HOLY
SEE’S ENVOY TO ITALY
ST. JAMES DEDICATION — The Very Rev. John Toomey, pastor of St. James Church, Savannah, is pictured
during the dedication mass for the new St. James School, Savannah.—(Andrew Bunn Photo)
Over 100 Catholic Laymen
Join To Dispel Doubts About
Catholic Devotion To Liberty
(N.C.W.C. NEWS SERVICE)
WASHINGTON — A state
ment designated to dispel
doubts about the devotion of
Catholics to religious liberty
was issued here on behalf of
more than 100 prominent
Catholic laymen.
The Catholics took these
stands:
1. Affirmed belief in the
freedom of religious con
science.
2. Deplored denial of reli
gious freedom in any land.
3. Praised constitutional
separation of Church and
State.
4. Defended the right of a
church to teach and members
to accept such teaching.
5. Said that a Catholic in
his public acts is bound to pro
mote the common good and
avoid seeking a sectarian ad
vantage.
The statement says the pres
ent controversy about the
Catholic Church and the presi
dency proves again that many
Americans seriously doubt the
commitment' of Catholics to the
principles of free society.
“This fact,” it continues,
“creates problems which ex
tend far beyond this year’s
elections and threaten to make
permanent, bitter divisions in
our national life.”
Americans are asked to ex
amine the relationship between
religious conscience and civil
society.
“We think that, in the pres
ent situation, Catholics espe
cially are obliged to make
their position clear,” it says.
Claiming there is much
bigotry in the United States
today, as v/ell as genuine con
cern, the statement says:
“To the extent that many
Catholics have failed to make
known their devotion ’to reli
gious liberty for all, to the ex
tent that they at times have
appeared to seek sectarian ad
vantage, we must admit that
we nave contributed to doubts
about our intentions. It is our
hope that this statement may
help dispel such doubts.”
The laymen’s statement then
makes five “declarations of
conviction.”
In affirming belief in the
freedom of religious con
science, the statement declares
the Catholic has an obligation
to support full freedom of be
lief and worship as a civil
right.
“This obligation follows from
basic Christian convictions
and the inviolability of the in
dividual conscience,” it says.
The second declaration de
plores the denial of religious
freedom in any land. “We es
pecially deplore this denial in
countries where Catholics con
stitute a majority — even an
overwhelming majority,” it
states.,
“And we believe that Cath
olics have a special duty to
work for the realization of the
principle of freedom or reli
gion in every nation, whether
they are a minority or a ma
jority of the citizens,” it says.
Praise for constitutional
separation of Church and
State is the third declaration.
This arrangement is seen as
the best guarantee both of
religious freedom and civic
peace.’ ’
“The principle of separation
is part of our American heri
tage, and as citizens who are
Catholics we value it as an
integral part of our national
life.
“Efforts which tend to un
dermine the principle of sepa
ration, whether they come
from Catholics, Protestants or
Jews, believers or unbelievers
should be resisted no matter
how well-intentioned such ef
forts might be,” the statement
says.
The fourth declaration says
that among the fundamentals
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of religious liberty are the
freedom of a church to teach
its members and the freedom
of its members to accept the
teachings of their church.
“These freedoms should be
invlunerable to the pressure of
conformity,” the statement
claims.
As for a Catholic’s obliga
tions in his public acts, the
statement says the Church
provides certain general prin
ciples to guide Catholics as
citizens, but it is as individual
citizens and office-holders, not
as a religious bloc, that Cath
olics apply these principles.
“Here we function not as
‘Catholic citizens’, but as citi
zens who are Catholics,” it
says.
(Radio, NCWC News Service)
ROME — His Eminence Giu
seppe Cardinal Fietta has died
in his native village of Ivera in
the Piedmont region of north
Italy.
Death came suddenly to the
76-year-old Prince of the
Church, although he had been
suffering from asthma and a
weakened heart for the past
year. He had gone to his home
town for a period of rest.
Cardinal Fietta’s death re
duces the number of cardinals
to 82.
He was among the first card
inals created by His Holiness
Pope John XXIII, and was
raised to the College of Card
inals in the consistory of De
cember 15, 1958. He was the
second Apostolic Nuncio to It
aly since the signing of the
Lateran Pacts between the
Holy See and Italy in 1929. He
held that post from January
27, 1953, until his elevation
to the Sacred College.
The future Cardinal was
born November 6, 1883. He
was ordained a priest in 1906
and the first 16 years of his
priesthood were spent in Sar
dinia, where he was assigned
to diocesan work.
In 1923, the Holy See’s dip
lomatic service made him sec
retary to the Apostolic Inter
nunciature in Central America,
which then included all the
nations in that area except
Guatemal. In 1925 he became
charge d’affaires and a year
later was made Internuncio.
Before becoming Internuncio
he was made Titular Archbish
op of Serdica.
In 1930 Archbishop Fietta
was made Nuncio to Haiti and
the Dominican Republic, and
in 1936 he became Nuncio to
Argentina. He held that post
until his appointment as Nun
cio to Italy.
As Nuncio to Italy he came
into prominence in the news in
1956, when he .was approached
by the Soviet charge d’affaires
in Rome, D. P. Pogidaiev on
a courtesy call which Radio
Moscow later called a special
mission to present a disarma
ment appeal.
At the end of a courtesy vis
it which the Nuncio had grant
ed the Soviet official, Mr.
Pogidaiev asked if he could de
liver two documents- The
(Continued on Page 9)
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