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PAGE 2—THE BULLETIN, August 5, 1961
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HAS NOT PLAYED POLITICS
PROTEST SCHOOL TAKEOVER
Church in
in Concentrates
On Rebuilding ©f Religious Life
Various Christian organizations in Georgetown, British
Guiana, sthged a three-hour protest over the seizure of 51
primary schools by the government of that British crown
colony on the northern coast of South America. About
3,000 parents and children joined in the march which was
climaxed by a mass meeting on the capitol city’s Bourda
Green. Of the schools seized, three were Catholic schools.
All Catholic, Anglican, Methodist and Moravian schools
were closed temporarily in protest. (NC Photos)
This article is written by the
director of the Office of Infor
mation and Statistics of the
Church in Spain and former
editor of Ecclesia, official or
gan of Spanish Catholic Action.
By Msgr. Jesus Iribarren
(NCWC News Service)
Priests are not the Church.
The political attitude of
some priests does not deter
mine the official opinion of
the hierarchy.
If we look around, we may
find priests throughout the
world — in the Congo, Al
geria, China, Poland and Cuba
—who favor the most outland
ish parties and tendencies.
They are not the Church. Al
though at times there may be
talk of a political clergy,
there is never talk of a politi
cal Church.
It is important to point
out that the Church in Spain
did not plan the Civil War,
nor is it responsible for the
direction Spain has taken
since its end in 1939. The
Bishops have always acted
—well or badly, as do all
fallible men—to meet situ
ations imposed from the oui-
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side: Neutrality or war? Au
thoritarianism or democra
cy? A number of political
parties or a single party?
Vertical or horizontal labor
organizations? Censorship or
freedom of the press?
Faced with a policy that
pleases some but not others—
a policy that has been imposed
by politicians — the Bishops
have sought at all times to
draw from it the greatest ad
vantages for the Church. That
is all they have done. To prove
otherwise, one would have to
show that the Bishops made
the laws, appointed cabinet
members and were consulted
regarding military alliances or
pacts between blocs.
Even in cases where a
bishop was made a member
of an official organization
or consulted by an official
committee, this was done
only because of his prestige
or because the government
valued his experience. It
was the government which
named or consulted him, not
the Vatican or the Spanish
Bishops. Only if the latter
were the case could there
be talk of a positive partici
pation by the Church in pol
itical legislation or of its
responsibility for decisions.
Twenty-five years after the
Civil War, the Church in Spain
must not be held responsible
for the general developments
of the past quarter century. It
is responsible only for the re
construction of religious life.
By the end of the war that
began 25 years ago on July
18, 13 bishops and 6,832
priests had been shot to
death. Seminaries had either
been destroyed or forced to
close because seminarians
were drafted into the army.
Thousands of churches had
been burned. Their valua
bles had been stolen and
their records had disappear
ed. Apostolic and pious or
ganizations had been dis
banded, reduced to ashes.
More serious than the abso
lute number of dead priests
was the fact that there had
disappeared with them the
framework for the guidance of
Catholic life. There were no
diocesan chanceries, no teach
ers, no organizers of activities.
Still more serious was the
fact that the Spanish Civil
War was immediately fol
lowed by World War II. The
Catholic world, which could
have helped the Church in
Spain, became divided into
two opposing factions, each
of which considered Spain
as belonging to the enemy
camp. German, North
American, French, Italian
and British Catholics suffer-
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ed a propaganda bombard
ment in which the political
drowned out the religious.
The Church in Spain again
became the victim of politi
cal policies it had not chos
en.
Concentrating on its own re
construction with help from no
one but God, it had achieved
the following by 1960:
—Seminarians, who num
bered 7,516 in 1935, totaled 23,-
780 in 1960.
—Only 242 priests were or
dained in 1945 because semi
nary classes had been inter
rupted by the Civil War. In
1960, 1,024 priests were or
dained.
—The number of Sisters in
creased from 44,145 in 1925 to
73,978.
—The total number of per
sons consecrated to God was
81,469 at the end of World
War II in 1945. In 1960 it was
118,566.
The importance of these fig
ures is obvious when one notes
the increases they show. But
there is a greater, hidden im
portance. A religious vocation
needs a religious family and
social atmosphere without
which it would not be possible.
We do not deny that elec
tions, freedom of the press or
a plurality of trade unions are
important. However, they have
little to do with the essence of
the Faith, and there is contro
versy as to what point the re
form of outside institutions is
the task of the bishops and not
of citizens, who excuse their
cowardice by falsely hoping
that the Church may have the
political courage they lack.
What is true is that the Church
has created a climate of love
for God, of sacrifice and of
unselfish personal giving.
There are abundant vocations
and generous young people for
hospitals, colleges and the mis
sions.
Here are some figures:
The Pamplona diocese gives
io God three per cent of its
population. According to this
ratio, U. S. Catholics should
have 1,200,000 priests and
Religious. We do not con
demn them fdr not having
this number. We cite these
statistics only as an indica
tion of a religious life which
presupposes a solid family
life, mental health and love
of God. These are the pro
vince of the Church, not of
politics.
It is true that Navarre pro
vince — of which Pamplona
is the capital — has a rural
population and is traditionally
Catholic. It would be a mis
take, however, to think that
other religions have not also
improved. The number of sem
inarians in the Huelva diocese
in Andalusia, which was set
up only in 1953, increased from
119 to 220 within five years.
It is often said that workers
are against the Church. It is
true that in Spain, as in nearly
all the countries of the world,
the fulfillment of religious du
ties is lower in industrial areas
than in agricultural ones.
However, 3,408 diocesan sem
inarians during the past school
year were sons of industrial
workers. In 1959, about 7,000
sons and daughters of indus
trial workers were studying to
become priests or Sisters.
When a Spanish priest goes
abroad he is constantly asked:
Do you believe that Franco will
let the monarchy come back?
What about the struggle
against the labor organizations
by the Catholic Action Work
ers’ Guild? Why do the Bish
ops support the dictatorship?
Will press censorship cease? Is
the Basque clergy against the
bishops? .
The iask of ihe Church in
socieiy, however, goes much
deeper ihan ihe answers io
ihese questions. The Church
in Spain is educating 800,-
000 siudenis in its schools.
It cares for 233,000 patients
in its hospitals and asylums.
It prints 1,600 magazines and
newspapers for people at all
intellectual levels. It builds
houses for workers.
It is the opinion of many of
us in Spain that a rather large
number of foreign Catholics—
subjected to a constant propa
ganda barrage from the ideo
logical blocs currently con
tending for world domination
—commit two profound errors
in regard to the Church in
Spain.
First, they bring the whole
spiritual struggle that is be
ing waged today down to
ihe political level. And at
that level they try to reduce
ihe spiritual struggle io con
tingent and variable forms,
such as election procedures
or the system of labor or
ganization. They ask the
Church to reduce its eternal
mission of making mankind
holy to a dispute or a con
tent concerning the mon
archy or the election of
mayors.
Secondly, they keep look
ing backwards, like Lot's
wife. They always look at
Spain's history since 1936
and its attitude toward Hit
ler and the Allies, at the
political exiles or ihe Fal-
ange, the nation's only legal
political party.
The mission of Spanish
priests is not to look back
ward, but to strive for the fu
ture. More than half of Spain’s
diocesan clergy — 11,720
priests — are now 49 years old
or younger, which means they
were not priests prior to the
Civil War. At the beginning of
that war 3,000 of them were
not yet born.
Politicians who have grown
old, both inside and outside
of Spain, think that their own
old ideas should be adhered to
by these priests. But the
priests think only of the eter
nal Church which has renewed
itself during the past 25 years.
Mass Rules
Simplified
VATICAN CITY (NC)—The
Holy See has further simpli
fied the rules concerning Mass
on fourth-class ferias, the low
est ranking of the liturgical
calendar.
The Sacred Congregation
of Rites issued a declara
tion stating that "a feria of
the fourth class is never
commemorated either in a
festive Mass or a votive
Mass, even if it is the con
ventual Mass."
A fourth-class feria is in ef
fect an open day on the
Church calendar, and normally
the Mass of the preceding
Sunday is offered. The new
provision thus eliminates the
addition of the Collect, Secret
and Post communion prayers
of the Mass of the Sunday if
the Mass offered is either that
of a feast or a votive Mass,
such as a wedding Mass or a
Mass on the occasion of the
Forty Hours devotion.
The new ruling provides for
three minor changes in the re
vised code of rubrics which
was issued in July of last year.
The congregation said its
declaration was made as a re
sult of questions that had risen
concerning fourth-class ferial
days. The statement was dated
May 27, 1961, and appeared in
July 1 issue of the Acta Apos-
tolicae Sedis, the official pub
lication of the Holy See, just
made public.
BISHOP PRAISES
C.C.D. PIONEER
ROME (NC) — The episco
pal chairman of the U. S. Con
fraternity of Christian Doc
trine has paid tribute to Miss
Miriam Cecilia Marks, former
national secretary of the con
fraternity who died July 18.
Bishop Charles P. Greco of
Alexandria, who was in Rome
in connection with prepara
tion for the second Vatican
Council, said: “She dedicated
her whole life in the further
ance of God’s cause particu
larly through the apostolate of
the Confraternity of Christian
Doctrine of which she was an
ardent promoter for so many
years.
“She helped make the con
fraternity in the United States
one of the very great move
ments of the Church in the
present age.”
Rosary Crusade
Draws Half Million
CARACAS, Venezuela —
More than half a million peo
ple turned out on this capi
tal city’s military parade
ground for the climax of a
four-month Family Rosary
Crusade conducted by Father
Patrick Peyton, C.S.C.
The sea of peolpe represent
ed almost half the population
of Caracas. An American ex
ecutive who has extensive ex
perience in Latin America de
scribed the gathering as “the
most impressive demonstration
I have ever seen in Latin
America.”
Ability is a God-given gift—
display it to the world each
day.
Heads Philadelphia
School Ssystem
PHILADELPHIA (NC)—Fa
ther Edward T. Hughes has
been appointed to succeed
Msgr. Edward M. Reilly as su
perintendent of Philadelphia
archdiocesan schools. Arch
bishop John J. Krol of Phila
delphia appointed Msgr. Reil
ly, who has headed the school
system since 1945, rector of
the Church of the Incarnation.
Father Hughes has been assist
ant superintendent of schools
since May, 1960.
PIONEER NUN
DIES AT 103
ROME (NC) — Sister Mary
Melania d’Ernst, pioneer com
panion of the foundress of the
Sisters of St. Peter Claver,
Mother Maria Theresa Led-
ochowska, has died here at the
age of 103.
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