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f ♦ GEORGIA PINES New Bulldogs Saints in Black and White ST. PAUL BY REV. R. DONALD KERN AN "Win or lose, they’ll do it with class.” This and many simular comments were heard emana ting from some 400 people who gathered one night last week in Gainesville’s Civic Building for a program held by the Touchdown Club. The occasion was a speech given by Georgia’s new athletic director, Joel Eaves, and one delive red by the Bulldog’s new head coach, Vine Dooley. THE WHOLE BULLDOG coaching staff had travelled from Athens to Gainesville to appear on a program. They went over big as evidenced by the fact that both Eaves and Dooley received a standing ovation when they had finished speak ing. (This is no easy feat in a town which is seem ingly split even between Bulldog and Yellow Jacket fans.) Chicken magnate Jack Short had done a singularly specta cular job in getting out a crowd. While the Touchdown Club has good support from the town- folk because it sponsors Little League programs, it has not al ways been easy to get a crowd to the banquet meeting held I three times a year. 1 went to one last year and it looked more like a corporal’s guard than the occasion of a banquet. PUBLICITY DIRECTOR Dan McGill led off the list of speakers. He had an official announce ment to make. He put everyone at ease when he announced that in spite of die fact that the new coaching staff looked "Auburn trained”, the Bull dogs were not going to be renamed the "Bull- eagles.” Genial Harry Meher, columnist for the Atlanta newspapers, followed McGill on the list of spea kers, (Harry had been a speaker at the prev ious meeting of the Club) Himself a Georgia coach for 15 years followed by 7 at Ole Miss, he is always very popular among these mountain-folks. (After the program Harry confided that he had gone to an early morning Mass in Jacksonville the morning of the disasterous Rooservelt Hotel fire. "Now”, he said, “I go to the earliest Mass I can find whenever I am in another city*'. Another member of the Georgia coaching staff is the former Cedartown High coach, Doc Ayres. A native of Toccoa, Doc lead the Cedartown eleven through many successful seasons, some of which included Regional and Sub-regional titles. Doc is an old friend. Several times I had lunch with him at the late Ed Dugan’s home over in Cedartown. Ed was a leading Catholic layman, Serra Club member, and a great sport enthus iast. On more than one occasion Ed remarked to me before his death the great influence Doc Ayres had on the youth of Cedartown. "He was a moulder of characted plus a great coach", Ed said many a time. Atlanta born, Joel Eaves was next on the spea kers platform. With a voice that commanded at tention the new Athletic Director made no false boasts or foolish promises. Nor did he play to the grandstand for a high applause. He simply said, "We are going to work at winning". (This- statement did draw a standing applause though.) The program reached the climax with the in troduction of Head Coach Vine Dooley. In a quiet and unassuming way he described a winning team as one in which "preparation meets with opportunity". He left us all with the impress ion that he hopes opportunity comes along, but that he would do his best to make sure his team is prepared. (This too drew a standing applause.) Coach Dooley has a good sense of humor tho ugh. Referring to the Ecumenical spirit of our times he told some clergy jokes which inciden tally Billy Graham had used earlier in the day when he addressed the Georgia Assembly. (Same jokebook?) With that the program ended. The informality, humbleness and dignity of the visitors left a good impression on everyone present. Gainesville is sure behind the Bulldogs now. Things are looking up at Sanford Stadium. QUESTION BOX Explain Two Dates BY MONSIGNOR J. O. CONWAY Q. In reading about the visit of Pope Paul to the Holy Land I noted that on the last day of his visit, which was Jan. 6 he said Mass in the grotto where our Saviour was born. This seemed an appropriate date, since at various times and places in the early Church the feast of the Nat ivity was apparently celebrated on Jan. 6. How ever the article stated that just after the Pope left, the Orthodox began preparations to comme morate Christmas eve, indicating that Christmas would be celebrated the next day, Jan. 7. Would you please explain this? # A. It is all a problem of the calender. Some of the Orthodox continue to use the old Julian calendar for their religious services. This makes their calendar 13 days in retard as compared to our own Gregorian calendar. The history of the calendar is quite complex. It is based upon the earth’s rotation in its orbit around the sun. How ever, consideration is also given to the relationship of this orbit to the fixed stars. The solar day, which is our day of 24 hours, is about four minutes longer than the sidereal day, as based on the relative relat ionship of the earth and the sun to a fixed star. Possibly I should go into more details in this regard. There are 366 sidereal days in one year. This means that from one vernal equinox to ano ther the earth has passed through 366 days and nights. However most of us do not caluculate our days by the stars. W'e depend on the sun. And for practical purposes Julius Caesar, relay ing on the calculations of his astronomers, made a calendar reform in the year 46 B. C. He figur ed that each solar year was about 365 days and six hours long. Six hours is onequarter of a day; so he figured that if we added a day each four years we would correct our error. He so ordered, and the additional day was inserted between the 24th and the 25th of February. On modern calendars we consider it Feb. 29. Caesar’s calculations were not accurate, but two years later in 44 B. C., he was murdered and his successors fouled up his plan by making every third year a leap year. As a result, by the time the first Ecumeni cal Council of the Church was held at Nicea in the year 325, the vernal equinox, which in Caesar’s time was March 25, had changed to March 21. One of the big problems of the Fat hers at Nicea was to establish a date for Easter, and the vernal equinox was very important for this purpose. They accepted the date of March 21 for the equinox and the calendar continued with one leap year every fourth year. All through the Middle Ages, and especially in the 13th century, astronomers pointed out that our calendar was getting farther and farther behind the computation of the Fathers at Nicea. In the 13th century it was seven days behind. By the 16th century it was 10 days behind. Two big problems were involved. One was to make exact calculations of the length of the solar year. The other was to find some way of putting a reform into effect. By the 16th century astrono mers were capable enough to make the calcula tions quite accurately, and all the Ecumenical Councils of the Church of the 15th and 16th centuries - Constance, Basle, Lateran V and Trent— were concerned with the problem of calendar reform, each of them urging the Pope to do something about it. Nineteen years after the close of the Council of Trent Pope Gregory XIII ordered a reform. First of all he dropped out 10 days, bringing the calendar up to date with Nicea. Oct. 4, 1582, was immediately followed by Oct. 15, 1582. The great St. Terera of Avila died that night. Presumably her death agonies began on Oct. 4 and ended Oct. 15, lasting a few hours. Her feast day is Oct. 15. It was unfortunate for the effectiveness of Pope Gregory’s reform that Protestantism had spread (CONTINUED ON PAGE 7) LITURGICAL WEEK Septuagesima Sunday CONTINUED FROM PAGE 4 going to be thoroughly revised. However many great teachers He raises up in the Church, Jesus Christ is the Teacher and He teaches principally through the Mass. If we do not meet Him, see Him, hear Him in the Mass, we are deprived. THURSDAY, JAN. 30 ST. MARTINA, VIRGIN, MARTYR. We cannot be Christians by proxy. The foolish virgins of the Gospel are not per sonally committed. They rely on the seriousness and the engagement and the vigilance of the others. The Council’s constitution on liturgy asks through out that we become personally involved in public worship in our union with Christ. The Church's worship is our worship, not worship that someone else offers for us. FRIDAY, JAN 31 ST. JOHN BOSCO, CON FESSOR. The simplicity of the joy and the virtues extolled in the First Reading, and of the child in the Gospel opens the human mind and heart to receive from Christ. It rejects the exaggerated independence and rugged individualism sometimes falsely identified with maturity. The Council's reform of public worship can come to nothing unless it is received with a simi lar simmplicity by all of us... who seek nothing more than that closer union with Christ which participatiorrand understanding can bring. SATURDAY, FEB. 1 ST. IGNATIUS, BISHOP, MARTYR. Nothing can separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus (First Reading) unless we prefer our own life to His life in us (Gospel), un less we prefer our own habits and prejudices to that active participation in and personal engage ment with the Chruch’s sacramental life for which the Holy Spirit and the Council are pleading. The constitution on public worship demands a conver sion on the part of every one of us. THURSDAY, JANUARY 23, 1964 GEORGIA BULLETIN PAGE 5 ‘MELODRAMATIC, ILL-CONCEIVEir Boston Weekly Denounces ‘Race, Religion’ Boycott ACROSS 1. Tone 4. Ultimate 8. Cigar butt (slang) 13. Hail! f4 facto 13. Assisting 17. Scaly 19. Navy 20. News Setvice 22. Path 23. Gravy 24. Before 25. Maps 27. A waterfall 28. Storage place 29. He was very 30. Male bee 31 brought food 32. Old Japanese province 33. Coronet 34. He remained years in the desert 35. Mail; abbr. 36. Stick 37. Class 38. He performed much him 40. Adorn 41. Thursdays; abbr. 44. Chafes 4 5. Bundle 46. Siamese 47. Brawls 49. Pickling herb 50. Constellation in the Zodiac 51. Woman's nickname 52. Survey 53. An anarchist 54. Exact point 55. Prowl 56. Small 57. Digraph 58. High degree 59. A Baron’s wife 62. The cheekbone 64. Pitch 65. Netherlands Commune 66. Excludes 67. Inquisitive 68. No (Scot) DOWN 1. Indian Mulberry 2. Common suffix 3. Relied 4. Two dug his grave 5. Church part 6. Compass point 7. Close 8. Greet 9. Relative 10. Idea (Fr.) 11. Grave 12. ['2 an em 16. loft 18. Religious chariot 19 and flora 21. Cent 23. Prop Tile Preen Cotton thread Decrepit auto (si) Company Medallions Husk Vats Nelson’s Victory sue Sect Slay She was changed to stone (Gr. Myth) Harass . He died at the age of one-hundred .... This one (F.); (Latin) . Slushy ice . Swindle . Instruct Pace Steel beam Fishing boat St sought him for three days Murmuring sounds Eagle’s nest God will never fail those who on Him Enact Viola (abbrv. ) Expression of scorn Health resort Perceive A degree (abbr.' Graduate Nurse ANSWER TO LAST WEEK'S PUZZLE ON PAGE 7 BOSTON (RNS) — A Boston Conference on Religion and Race proposal to foster a child ren’s boycott of local public schools as a protest against "racial imbalance” was de nounced by The Pilot, Roman Catholic archdiocesan news weekly, as "melodramatic and ill-conceived," A resolution urging the boy cott was adopted here at a Con ference on Religion and Race at tended by some 300 Roman Catholic, Protestant and Jewish cergymen. The local boycott would coincide with a nationwide Lincoln Day protest of racial imbalance in schools. AN EDITORIAL in The Pilot described the proposed demon stration here as a "massive bad example to young people in their relationship with the school and law.” The paper admitted that edu cational conditions in Boston public schools "needs continu ing attention to be brought to a state where they meet our pre sent and future needs." IF NOTED, however that school committees and superin tendents "have shown willing ness to* cooper ate with other re sources in the community" to Improve conditions. ‘The problem of the disad vantaged child, of whatever race or background,” The Pilot stat ed, "has high priority in the ARNOLD VIEWING Violence On Screen BY I AMES W. ARNOLD New experimental evidence by University of Wisconsin psychologists appears to fill in some important holes in our knowledge of what movie and TV violence does to people. The news is about as reassuring to visual media patrons as the surgeon general's report was to cigaret smokers. For years the experts have been good-naturedly confused about the effects of crime and violence on the public psyche. Some pessimists have insisted that bloody comics, films and TV shows were "schools for delinquency.” Op timists have supported the eat- harsis theory that exposure to make-believe mayhem is act ually beneficial, allowing re lease of aggression in harmless fantasy instead of real life. (E.g., rather than pushing his mother-in-law down the stairs, the viewer happily watches Richard Widmark murder an old lady in the movies). Evidence on both sides has been slim and contradictory. NOW A series of studies by Wisconsin’s Dr. Leonard Berkowitz concludes that film violence does increase the probability of real-life violence. The studies show that even normal adults are affected, although children are affected most, and that the danger is greatest when the fictional vio lence is morally "justified.” The second point may prove bothersome to cen sors, who have usually insisted that movie villains be punished for their sins. The script most often arranges this in eye-for-an-eye fashion: bullies are beaten up, shooters are shot, stranglers are strangled, axers are axed. Often the bad guy is dis posed of as horribly as possible: how many films have ended with the heavy screaming through space to some unspeakable fate? YET THIS IS precisely what Prof. Berkowitz says "primes” a spectator to be a potential ag gressor. He has been somebody clobbered who deserved to be clobbered. It won’t be hard for him, subconsciously, to find someone in real life who also "deserves” it. If the film violence had been unjust, the viewer would tend tobeashamedof his own aggeessive feelings - an apparently wide spread reaction, incidentally, to the murder of President Kennedy. The experiments, interestingly, involved the seven-minute fight sequence at the end of Stanley Kramer’s "The Champion.” Those who were told that Kirk Douglas was a louse who got the beating he deserved were more likely to be hostile after ward than those who believed Douglas was unjustly beaten. OBVIOUSLY, not everyone exposed to film violence goes on to commit some violent act. Most people have strong inhibitions (moral, fear of reprisal or punishment). Probable aggressors are those with the least inhibitions and those most apt to connect the make-believe with their own lives (children, immature adults). Probable vic tims are those who innocently share some char acteristic of the movie victim (e.g., a boxer), or who have traits that habitually annoy the aggressor (e.g., jews or Negroes). This subconscious urge to violence lasts but briefly (longer for children, who may hang play mates for days agter seeing "Billy Budd.”) But what of the effect of seeing justified violence, day after day, year after year, in all media? Prof. Berkowitz suggests that this may gradually wear away an individual’s inhibitions: he "learns” that violence, in some circumstances, is right. In time, he is likelv to find the right circumstances. A child may be shown repeatedly that the world is a hazardous place, inhabited by evil beings, and that forces is often the key to power. Danger is slight, Prof. Berkowitz believes, if such informa tion is clearly contradicted in the real world, es pecially by parents. But how many are aware there is a need for contradiction? More drearily yet, how many actually lend these dark notions their fre quent support? IN THIS CONTEXT this week, I saw William ("Homocidal”) Castle's new film, "Strait- Jacket,” in which there are six actual or at tempted axe-murders - eight, if you count a double - murder replayed during a flashback. Castle's only artistic pretense is to amuse people who enjoy axe-murders, and it’s easy to dismiss :this stuff as trash, although for this one he has employed writer Robert Bloch ("Psycho”) and actresses Joan Crawford and Diane Baker. Yet this is the material that makes up the week- in, week-out culture of many Americans. More people will see it than "Lilies of the Field” and "Lord of the Flies” combined. In the theater with me was at least one mother on shopping trip with a five-year-old daughter. Apart from the blood (we actually see only sha dows of females wielding axes and heads popping off), the film is thoroughly ludicrous. Miss Craw ford swings an axe barely hard enough to dent a marshmallow, and anyone who has seen "Psycho” will guess the ending quite early. Characters and axes flit from place to place unbounded by logic or geography. The film gaily succeeds in frigh tening people about mental disease and "asylums,” and has a view of women and sex at tributable to a backward 12-year-old. THE CASTLES and those who get their kicks from such clumsy banalities may always be with us, although they can be laughed to the fringes of society. That is a job for schools, insightful parents, movie fans and movie critics. Through films and TV, society reveals to most fo its members the nature, varieties, limitations and potentials of the human condition. Through them most of our people gain a lasting image of the meaning of Love. These are facts we cannot change merely by darkening our personal TV sets or staying away from the theaters. CURRENT RECOMMENDED FILMS.: For evervone: It’s a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World; Lord of the Flies,, The Great Escape, Lilies of the Field. For Connoisseurs: Winter Light, 8 1/2, This Sporting Life, The Leopard. Better than most; Charade, The Hunting. thinking of those charged with responsibility for public educa tion, as well as many other persons of influence in the city.” THE EDITORIAL stressed that School committees and su- that clergymen whould "show respect for the professional educator, as the professional elsewhere" and work with pro grams devised for meeting de ficiencies. "Boycotts and marches and all the rest,” The Pilot obser ved, "have their place in the struggle for racial justice; they have demonstrated their effec tiveness in a variety of ways.” BUT THE editorial asserted that such success does not mean that boycotts and marches “have universal validity” in every situation. "Just as there is a time to march,” The Pilot declared, "there Is a time to stop march ing and start working.” IT HELD THAT religious leaders have a contribution to make in improving racial jus tice in housing, employment and education. The clergy should make the contribution "on rea listic terms which indicate their grasp of the moral principles involved as well as the exis tential situation in which these principles must operate.” Continuing, the editorial stat ed: “IT WOULD BE a good deal more advantageous for a rep resentative religious group to sit down with real estate people, educators and employers and work with them in ways that can be productive.” "Keeping youngsters out of school may make headlines but it does not solve existing school problems, it merely creates new ones.” NYC Religious Classes Boom NEW YORK (NC)—New York City’s released-time religious education program for public school students has reached a five-year high of 109,572 parti cipants, an increase of almost 6,000 over a year ago. At their parents' request, particiapting students are re leased from school an hour early one day each week for religious instruction in sites provided by their churches. Seminary Fund Remember the SEMINARY FUND of the Archdiocese of Atlanta in your Will. Be quests should be made to the “Most Rev erend Paul J. Hallinan, Archbishop of the Catholic Archdiocese of Atlanta and his suc cessors in office”. Participate in the daily prayers of our seminarians and in the Masses offered annually for the benefactors of our SEMINARY FUND. God Love You BY MOST REVEREND FULTON J. SHEEN God implanted in the human body two impelling passions for the preservation of life: one, the hunger of our own body that our personal life might be preserved by nourishment; the other, the hunger to beget in love a body like unto our own through the generation called birth. What is happening to these passions in the world today? Like all other things, they have become divorced. Our American civilization has taken the hunger of begetting a new life, isolated it from birth and erected a statue to the new goddess, Sex. But we forget that another biological urge is driving men to degredation, famine and dis ease, outside of this wealthy, affluent and overstuffed land, namely, hunger. If, after eat ing, these poor people regur gitated their food and separat ed the function of eating from the function of nourishing the body, we would have a parallel with the American divorce of sex from the nourishment of either love of husband and wife or love of family. Would it not be well for the United States to devote some of the energy now devoted to sex toward nourishing famished people of the world, knowing full well that biological nutrition is more fundamental than somatic tintillation. We who have the Faith and a remnant of Christ’s moral teaching cannot say this does not concern us, asking: "What am I to Hecuba or Hecuba to me?” Because others make love synonymous with smut and equate our relation to the starving of the world with governmental aid, it does not follow that we Christians are immune from double duty: reparation for the sins of others and alleviation of the hunger of others. The sins of America are our sins: the hunger of India and Latin America and Africa is our hunger. If the world’s sex and hunger has broken Christ’s Heart, how shall we be His followers unless our own hearts are broken? To us is given the privilege of carry ing a cross to expiate the sins of others, to lift a cross from star ving bodies that their souls may be free to serve God. May the disturbance of the Holy Spirit move you all to share with the Crucified Christ the burden of the world's sin and hunger. GOD LOVE YOU to Mrs. L.K. for $10 "In thanksgiving for a complete recovery from an emotional difficulty of 25-years' duration.”...to Mr. and Mrs. M.F.M. for $10 "My husband in vited me out to dinner tonight, but after reading your column we decided to stay home and send the money to you instead.”....to M.V. for $2 "I am a nursing student and wish to contribute some of my savings to the world’s less fortunate. This is thanksgiving for the many things I take for granted, the blessings which have been poured upon me, and the many prayers which have been answered.” Send us your old gold and jewelry—the valuables you no longer use but which are too good to throw away. We will resell the earrings, gold eyeglass frames, flatware, etc., and use the money to relieve the suffering in mission lands. Our address: The Society for the Propagation of the Faith, 366 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10001. Cut out this column, pin your sacrifice to it and mail it to Most Rev. Fulton J. Sheen, National Director of the Society for the Pro pagation of the Faith, 366 Fifth Avenue, New York lx* N. Y. or your Archdiocesan Director, Very Rev. Harold L Raiwey P. O Box 12047 Northside Station, Atlanta 5, Ga.