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ORTHODOX PRELATE
Patriarch Works Ardently
For Accord With Holy See
EDITORS: This is the first of
two articles by the NC corre
spondent in Istanbul dealing with
Greek Orthodox attitudes to
ward Christian unity.
BY ANTONIO NEGRO PONTE
(N. C. W. C. NEWSSERVICE)
ISTANBUL, Turkey—Patri
arch Athenagoras I of Constan
tinople (Istanbul) is working ar
dently to eradicate old conflicts
between Greek Orthodoxy and
Roman Catholicism and thus
lay the groundwork for unity. In
doing so he must overcome an
Orthodox mistrust of the Church
of Rome whose roots lie deep
in the past.
The coronation in Rome, in
800, of Charlemagne as Holy
Roman Emperor by Pope St.
Leo III was a major irritant
to the court of the Eastern Rom
an emperor in Byzantium. The
Imperial court in the East had
been chagrinned a half-century
earlier when the papacy assum
ed temporal power over central
Italy. But the crowning of
Charlemagne was seen as col
lusion with the western tempo
ral power, a part of a project
to undermine the foundations of
the eastern empire. Here was
the barbaric West pretending to
rlvll the-civilized East.
AS POLITICAL events fre
quently have consequences in
the religious sphere, this po
litical antagonism became com
plicated by religious hostility.
The first major break came in
858, when the Byzantine Em
peror Michael III deposed the
Patriarch and appointed in his
place Photlus, who was subse
quently excommunicated by
Pope Nicholas I. The drift apart
was accelerated in 1054, when
the Patriarch Michael Cerular-
ius was excommunicated in the
name of the Pope.
The culmination of all this
came in 1204, when Latin Cru-
TERMITES "
SWARMING?
saders switched their course to
the Holy Land in order to be
siege, conquer and pillage Con
stantinople, carrying priceless
Byzantine treasures and relics
back to the West. The usurpa
tion by Latins of the imperial
throne and the patriarchate have
rankled ever since.
MOREOVER, THE Christian
West remained but a bystander
as the Byzantine Empire slowly
succumbed to the heavy assult
of Islam. Aid from the West was
rare and always inadequate.
This was a major mistake psy
chologically as well as politi
cally.
The Eastern Church became
introverted, tending to isolate
itself more and more from the
rest of Christendom. There
were positive aspects along with
the negative, however—among
the primary ones is the fact
that the Eastern Church re
mained completely outside the
movements of the Reformation
and Protestantism. Distance,
the domination of the Moslem
Ottaman Empire, and the Eas
tern Church’s strong desire to
preserve the customs of the
primitive Church helped fos
ter this Isolation.
THE PATRIARCHS of Con
stantinople in the course of the
centuries worked out a system
of coexistence under Turkish
rule, and had civil as well as
spiritual authority over the
Christian population.
All this was lost in the wake
of World War I. After the es
tablishment of the Turkish re
public and the failure of the
Greek armies’invasion of 1921-
22, the once flourishing Greek
communities were decimated;
1.5 million Greeks were forced
to leave the country. And mod
ern Turkey took away the civil
authority of the Ecumenical
Patriarch, along with that of
other religious communities.
THE PATRIARCH himself,
Meletios IV, had to flee Turkey
in 1923, and one of his succes
sors was brutally expelled.
The patriarchate gained new
vigor in 1948, however, with the
election to the patriarchal
throne of Athenagoras I, the
former Archbishop of North and
South America, who had spent
Devotions In Honor Of St. Anthony
AT ST. ANTHONY'S CHURCH EACH
TUESDAY MORNING AT 11:30
Attend Mass or Mail Petitions
To Monsignor J.E. King
928 Gordon St. S.W.
Atlanta 30310.
nearly 18 years in the United
States.
HAVING A brilliant and per
ceptive mind, Patriarch Athena
goras immediately undertook a
policy looking toward the world
wide spread of Orthodoxy. He
held that the destiny of Ortho
doxy lies in the West, and that
a rapprochement with Rome
was necessary.
The outstretched hand of Pope
John XXIII, evidently supported
fcy a large majority of the Rom
an Church and of the Fathers
of the Second Vatican Council,
appeared as a providential sup
port for the Patriarch’s goal of
Western penetration.
THE ORTHODOX view is that
sooner or later the Catholics
will be ’’converted" to Ortho
doxy. Thus when Pope John dis
patched a pontifical mission-
headed by his close friend, the
late Archbishop Giacomo Tes
ta—bearing a personal message
and gifts to Patriarch Athena
goras, the popular Orthodox
view was that this was confir
mation of the Pope’s desire to
resume friendly relations with
the Eastern Church, the sole
depository of the ancient Chris
tian tradition.
All seemed to go well until
the opening of the Second Vat
ican Council, in October, 1962.
There were no official obser
vers from the Phanar and the
rest of the Greek Orthodox
world. This reticence had only
one meaning—that the Greek
Orthodox thought there should
be some advance concessions
from Rome. Within the Church
of Greece—the State Church,
which is in communion with but
not subject to the Ecumenical
Patriarch—there remains a
hard core of antipathy to the
Catholic Church.
BUT PATRIARCH Athenago
ras continues to work to remove
all the old quarrels with Rome.
His pilgrimage to Jerusalem
last January to meet and to pr^y
with Pope Paul—over the bitter
opposition of leading prelates of
the Church of Greece—was not a
culmination but simply another
step in his determined course.
As a Greek with a lofty clas
sical cultural background, the
Patriarch is an Idealist as well
as an opportunist and an excel
lent politician. He has a sort of
apocalyptic vision foresee
ing the future not in terms of
months or year, but on the scale
of a century.
HE IS ALL too aware that
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US K. Mate M. FO. I-M04
IT’S MARIST FOR
SCHOLASTIC EXCELLENCE
Because The Mar-
ist School provides
a hard-core curri
culum which pro
duces top scholas
tic records inmaj
or colleges
throughout the
country. The aver
age Marist teach
er holds at least
an M.A, degree with
graduate study in a
secular field. This
extensive training
is the backbone of
quality education. If
your son is ap
proaching the sev
enth or eighth
grade, now is the
time to decide on
Marist, the best
education in which
you can invest.
Write for a detail
ed brochure or call
457-7201 for a per
sonal interview and
dates of the Open
House at which time
you can see the
school and meet the
faculty. May 23 is
the date of the next
entrance examina
tion for fall admis
sion.
MARIST GRAD Jim Carroll is captain of the 1964 Notre Dame
squad. The senior guard, shown here with Coach Ara Parseghian,
is the son of Col. and Mrs. Leonard S. Carroll of 3273 Finistere
Ct., NE Atlanta. Notre Dame opened Spring practice on April 8.
the Eastern Church has lost
major outposts in the ancient
realm of Orthodoxy. The parti-
archate of Antioch is now vir
tually no more than a name.
The situation is the same for
the Patriarchate of Jerusa
lem. And the Orthodox Patri
archate of Alexandria lost most
of its importance after the
massive Greek emigration
from Egypt in the 1950s.
The Ecumenical Patriarchate
Itself is confined within the
borders of the city of Istanbul,
in compliance with the Treaty of
Lausanne of 1923. The embit
tered relations between Greeks
and Turks resulting from the
Cyprus dispute in the past de
cade have made life within the
patriarchate Increasingly diffi
cult.
THE PATRIARCHATE never
theless has a wo Idwide moral
and spiritual authority extend
ing to Africa, Australia, North
and South America, and Wes
tern Europe. These are the re
gions where the spread of Or
thodoxy has the best chance.
These are also the regions
where the Churcb of Rome is
strongest. Thus the future of
Orhtodoxy is either to live side
by side with Catholicism, or
else to be swallowed up into
Catholicism. If the latter is to
be avoided an accord with Rome
is necessary. It is destined to
be.
LBJ Creates
Scholar Aid
WASHINGTON (NC)--President
Johnson has established a pro
gram of "Presidential Schol
srs" to honor about 120 out
standing graduates of public and
private high schools. A seven-
member commission will select
students in May who will be
rewarded with a visit to the
White House and presentation
of a medallion.
The President told his press
conference (A pril 16) the
awards will recognize "the
most precious resource of the
United States, the brainpower
of its young people, to encour
age the pursuit of intellectual
attainments among all our
youth."
Milton Eisenhower, president
of Johns Hopkings University,
Baltimore, will head the select
ion body. Among members is
Father Michael P. Walsh, S. J.,
president of Boston (Mass.)
college.
President Johnson said he
hopes a similar system can be
arranged to honor "our most
gifted young people in the creat
ive arts." Two scholars, a boy
and a girl, will be named from
each of the 50 states, from the
District of Columbia, Puerto
Rico and the American terri
tories. In addition, up to 15
will be named at large.
Pope’s Speech
VATICAN CITY (NC) - The
Vatican Polyglot Press has
published a fifth and final vol
ume of the speeches of the late
Pope John XXIII. It covers the
period from Oct. 28, 1962, tc
June 3, 1963, and contains 4,
464 pages.
GREATER EFFICIENCY
Closing Of Religion-Race
Office Seen No Cutback
ST. LOUIS (NC) — A decision
by national Catholic, Protestant
and Jewish agencies to close
down the central office of the
National Conference on Relig
ion and Race as a separate
entity represents no cutback in
the churches' commitment to
work in the racial justice field,
according to a spokesman.
The functions of the national
office in New York will be
handled directly by the three
sponsoring agencies -- the
National Council of Churches,
the National Catholic Welfare
Conference and the Synagogue
Council of America.
"FAR FROM a cutback, this
is a step toward greater ef
ficiency and a more expanded
type of service than would prove
possible in a one-man office,"
said Father John F. Cronin,
S. S., assistant director of the
NCWC Social Action De
partment. "And now the staff
services in depth of the three
major organizations and re
lated groups will be directly
available for this work."
Despite such assurances,
however, the decision to close
down the New York office was
sharply contested by many of
the 100 delegates at a meeting
here of the National Conference
**Wm. Terence
10* Brien
v w KNOWS LIFE
|4VL INSURANCE
MR « Hl. Suite 715
270 Pchtr. Bldg. N. W. Atl., Ga.
Home BU 4-1191 Office 688-2600
Southland life
INSURANCE CSL] COMPANY
Horn* OMico • Southland Canter • Dallas
on Religion and Race. A re
solution urging retention of the
office was adopted by a 2-1
margin (April 15) but was not
expected to change the decision
of the three sponsoring
agencies, which have been pay
ing the $60,000 annual budget
of the national office.
The national conference had
its beginning at a milestone
interreligious religion and race
meeting in Chicago in January,
1963, which was attended by
some 650 delegates from 70
religious groups.
Since then local conferences
on religion and race have been
organized in 56 cities through
out the country. The national
office in New York has been
headed by the Rev. Galen R,
Weaver.
FATHER Cronin said that
under the new setup the three
sponsoring agencies will con
tinue to contribute money for
the National Conference on Re
ligion and Race.
Also, he said, the national
agencies will review resources
they have available within them
selves and through affiliated or
cooperating agencies. On the
Catholic side, he said, this
means evaluating services of
fered in the race field by such
groups as the National Coun
cils of Catholic Men and
Women, national Catholic youth
groups, the National Catholic
Conference for Interracial
Justice, the Third Order of
St. Francis and the Christian
Family Movement.
Catholics, Protestants and
Jews then will in effect place
their resources in a pool so
that, when a local group asks
for assistance in interracial
work, they will be able to
provide the most effective field
services out of the Joiftt re
sources available.
ON THE national level, the
ANSWER TO
LAST WEEK’S PUZZLE
■□Cl ana □□□ qp
□□□□
three faiths will cooperate in
such projects as the April 28
National Interreligious Convo
cation on Civil Rights in Wash
ington, D. C., and the publication
of literature on racial justice.
Father Cronin said that in
evaluating the national religion
and race office, the three nat
ional sponsoring agencies "had
to choose between a much larger
and more costly operation than
the one-man setup, or pulling
its services into their own of
fices where they already have
adequate staff available for such
work."
’The decision was against
expanding, on the grounds that
it would have been a costly
duplication of effort at a time
when we are trying to expand
our own internal services,’’
he said.
FURTHER, he added, "ex
perience has shown us that an
operation like this tends to
degenerate into government by
committee with a large number
of meetings and much time
consumed in making decisions.
By contrast, when executives
of the three national groups
work together we can often make
decisions in a very short time
and operate much more
efficiently."
During the meeting here the
delegates adopted a resolution
urging passage of the civil
rights bill pending in the Senate.
Backers were urged to write
their senators, including even
legislators in favor of the bill,
to demonstrate grassroots sup
port for the measure.
Order Recalls
Father Sattler
Father Henry V. Sattler, C.
SS.R., since 1957 assistant di
rector of the Family Life
Bureau, NatL~nal Catholic Wel
fare Conference, has been re
called by his Redemptorist
superiors for full-time writing
and lecturing assignments.
Father Sattler is author of a
pioneer sex education manual,
"Parents, Children and the
Facts of Life," which has sold
over half a million copies. He
has also written books and
courses on marriage preparat
ion.
CLASSIFIEDS
Get R
esults
House For
Sale
POSITION
DESIRED
White woman - 65, desires job
as Priest’s housekeeper or
companion to Catholic woman.
Will leave town. References -
Quaint early American, 3
bdrms., attic, patio, screened
porch, public & parochial schl.
bus, low 30*s, 148 Pine Lake
Dr., N.W., phone 255-5889
JOB OPENING IN ATLANTA
CATHOLIC SOCIAL SERVICES
Caseworker — Small family agency. Casework services to fami
lies and individuals; to children in licensed diocesan children’s in
stitution and in diocesan school for mentally retarded. Opportu
nity for professional growth. Diversified experience. Good per
sonnel policies. M.S.W. required.
Mrs. Battey Schwab, President Catholic Social Services of Met
ropolitan Atlanta 167 Walton Street Atlanta, Georgia
HOME FOR SALE
Our Lady of Assumption, $22,500 Contemporary air cond. house
in Sexton Woods close to schl. And new Chamblee park 4 to 5
bdrms. 2 baths. Fncd. yard. Convtnl loan or assume 4 1/2%
G. I. Loan payments $118 per mo. incl. T & I. 3559 Keswick
Dr., Chamblee, Ga. Phone 457-8916.
MISCELLANEOUS
FOR SALE
Boys navy blue Topcoat.
Brookhaven Duro-Velour Size
34. Worn one season on
Sundays. $35.00 DR 3-0235.
Hammond Organ Studloa
Atlanta
New and Used Pianos
and Organs
3051 Peachtree Rd„ N. E.
USE THE
CLASSIFIEDS
AUTO FOR SALE
1960 Ford Fairlane 500 4 door
radio, htr., pwr. strng. aut,
trans. $750. CE-7 8360
NURSING
HOME
Nursing home owned and ope
rated by Catholic nurse has
opening for one female patient.
TR 2-0386.
Spanish Handmade Mantillas
Imported direct from Spain,
assorted designs, sizes ami
colors. Write or call:
Lopez Importers
Box 13954 St. K.
Tel. 237-7998, Atlanta, Ga.
BUSINESS SERVICES
DRESSES BY ESTER
Can copy originals of from
magazines, Also wedding
dresses, Or fine wearing
apparel. 378-9579.
REMODELING, repairs, paint
ing, brick, block, concrete
work. 636-0834,
All type concrete work. Drive
ways, steps, bsmts* patios,
Stone Mtn. granite retaining
walls. Anytime. 636-0834,
Painting- Interior-
Exterior
Thoroughly experienced expert
does own work. Hundreds of ref
erences furnished with each es
timate, All windows and gutters
cleaned free with Job. (Sail Mr,
Caldwell 622-6076
"Beautiful tile and linoleum
floors installed reasonably.
Residential and commercial.
Expert installation. All work
guaranteed. Prompt service
free estimates. Phone 766-6178
nights PO 7-0074".
"Rudy’s Floor Covering Co."
LEAGUE OF OUR
LADY OF CHARITY
326 Ivy Street N. E.
Opposite Sacred Heart Rectory
Desires to receive all US
ABLE Clothing, Shoes,
Books, Household Furnish
ings, Applic
ings, Appliances and Fur -
niture.
Clothing Store Hours -
Every Saturday 9:00 a.m. -
5:00 p.m.
MOVING?
PLEASE NOTIFY US
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