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PAGE 8 GEORGIA BULLETIN THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 5, 1964 NEGOTIATED WITH KHRUSHCHEV U.S. Editor Reveals Role In Release Of Ukrainian Prelate CONTINUED FROM PAGE I “At that December meeting, as I got up to leave, the chairman reached into a drawer and took out two letters on which Christmas greet ings to Pope John and President Kennedy had already been engraved. Then he signed the let ters and asked me to deliver them on my return to Rome and the United States. “Several weeks later, after I had returned to New York from the December meeting in Mos cow, I had received a telephone call from the Soviet Ambassador in Washington. Ambassador Dobry nin asked if I could come to Washington soon. He had some news to transmit to me. “TWO DAYS LATER, at the Soviet Embassy, the Ambassador said he had been asked to con vey the greetings of Premier Khrushchev and al so to say that the Premier was happy to ar range for the unconditional release of Bishop Slipyi. The Ambassador asked where and how and to whom the Bishop should be delivered. “I thanked the Ambassador for the good news and immediately communicated with Father Felix Morlion, president of Pro Deo University in Rome, who was then in the United States. Throughout all the arrangements leading up to the appointments in Moscow and the Vatican, Father Morlion had occupied a liaison role. “Father Morlion telephoned Rome immediately and conveyed the good news. Within a few hours Vatican officials drew up a plan for Bishop Sllpyi’s return to freedom. The plan, accepted immediately by the Soviet government, called for the bishop to be flown to Vienna, where he would be met by the Pope's personal repre sentative and flown to Rome. “THE PLAN WAS successfully carried out with in a week. Bishop Slipyi was brought to the Vati can where Pope John, despite his now advanc ing illness, greeted him and told of his joy at seeing him reunited with the Church. Follow ing this meeting, the bishop was escorted to a secret retreat some miles outside Rome. No re porters were permitted to see the bishop. In deed, it was only after the bishop had arrived at the secret retreat that the news of his libera tion was released. “The day following this announcement, I receiv ed a telephone call from Ambassador Dobry nin in Washington asking me if I had seen the afternoon newspapers. I said I had not., The Ambas sador suggested that I do so. Then he read to me a news story under the following headline: BISHOP TELLS OF RED TORTURE “He asked me if I would care to make any comment concerning what appeared to be a breach of good faith. 1 said I had no direct knowledge o f what had happened but I was absolutely certain that there had been no breach of faith. I said I would telephone the Vatican directly and find out what I could. “Vatican officials were profoundly shocked when I told them of the news break in the U. S. EVEN ‘CEEJAIN PQIN1S1 Bishop Slipyi had spoken to no newsmen. They termed the story a pure concoction. They said they would set the record straight immediately. In particular, Osservatore Romano would carry a front effect that the news stories about Bishop Slipyi were without authority and were repudiated by both Pope John and Bishop Slipyi. “What troubled Vatican officials most of all was that this incident might interfere with fur ther attempts to bring about release of church men imprisoned in communist countries. “I TELEPHONED Ambassador Dobrynin and in formed him that the news stories were comp letely unauthorized and that the next issue of Osservatore Romano would set the record straight on the authority of the Pope." L’Osservatore Romano on the front page of its Feb. 15, 1963, issue, noted that some seg ments of the press had published detailed stor ies concerning Archbishop Slipyi, and then ad ded: "We are authroized to state that neither the Holy See nor Archbishop Slipyi had any part in issuing them." Cousins in talking of his meeting the follow ing April notes that he began their seven-hour encounter “by thanking the chairman for his af firmative response to the request for Bishop Sli— pyi’s release." He continues: “ONCE AGAIN, I expressed the regrets of Va tican officials at what had appeared to be a breach of faith in some of the news coverage that followed the bishop's release and of the profound elation of Pope John at being reunited with Bishop Slipyi. “The chairman said he understood, adding that some journalists didn't know what to do with good news. “The chairman then inquired about the health of Pope John, saying he had often thought of, and been inspired by, Pope John’s desire to contribute to world peace in whatever time re mined to him. “This seemed like a propitious moment to transmit to the chairman an advance copy, trans lated into Russian by Vatican officials, of Pope John’s encyclical, Pacem in Terris. “The chairman said he was pleased to know about the encyclical in advance and would read it with great interest. “I THEN BROUGHT up the matter of Arch bishop Beran, of Czechoslovakia, who had been interned for some years. Cardinal Augustus, Bea, of the Vatican, had told me of his great concern for the bishop’s health. “The chairman said he was unfamiliar with the case of Archbishop Beran, and that this was a matter that concerned the Czechoslovak gover nment. “Recognizing this, I said that Cardinal Bea was hopeful that the chairman might be will ing to use his good offices to explore the matter with Czech government officials. “The chairman said he would take the mat ter under advisement." Archbishop Josef Beran was freed by the Cze choslovak regime the following October, but was not permitted to resume his duties as Arch bishop of Prague. Last spring, however, the pre late was moved from his relative freedom in Mukarov to an isolated place called Radvanov, where he has been held under close surveill ance. Vatican II Fathers Urged To Face Birth Control Issue Courageously CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1 net ds a drastic overhauling. That is the most urgent re quirement. "With this work done on the level of principle, moralists, physicians, and psy chologists will be in position to take care of further details.” Cardinal Suenens, who spoke with unusual force and emotion even for him, followed im mediately, with a plea for an “objective” study of the theo logy of marriage. There is rea son to believe, he said, that the Catholic outlook has become too one-sided. For example, the steady emphasis on the biblical command to Adam and Eve to “increase and multiply" must be balanced with the implica tions of their becoming “two in one flesh." The Chruch has learned a great deal since Saint Augustine, Cardinal Suenens said. (Augustine, the presiding doctor for almost a thousand years in the Church of the West, is frequently cited to point up the evil of contraception.) He warned the Fathers that the Church’s unwillingness to act in this matter could turn out to be “another Galileo case." "MODERN science may well have much to tell us...and we should keep a ready ear," he said. The Council should set up a commission which would represent all the people of God to work with the papal com mission already studying the question — and it would be well, said the Belgian cardinal, if their names were made public. This was an obvious reference to the fact that the commission which Pope Paul spoke of last Summer is still anonymous. Maximos, as sharp-tongued as ever, said that the main pro blem facing the Church in this regard is to find the "courage" to look at the problem, for it is at the root of a grave crisis of conscience among Catholics. It is not realistic to speak of the “primary" and “secon dary" purposes of marriage: in marriage “the development of personality and its integra tion into the creative plans of God are all one.” The tradi tional teaching, he said boldly, may even be the result of a "bachelor psychosis" found among the clergy. “Perhaps un willingly, we are setting up a Manichean conception of man and the world, in which the work of the flesh, vitiated in itself, is tolerated only in view of children." The patriarch joined the car- ECHOLS TRANSFER INC. Hauling & Moving Truck & Driver $3.75 Per Hour Tractor Trallor & Driver $4.50 Per Hour 370 Lee St,, S. W. PL3-2153 Atlanta L How To Understand Changes In The Liturgy by ARCHBISHOP PAUL J. HALLINAN Foreword by HIS EMINENCE JOSEPH CARDINAL RITTER WIDELY ACCLAIMED at National Liturgical Week “America” praiseg it aa “Especially Enlightening” PRICE 25# 100 at 20c each / 300 at 18c each / 500 at 15c each Order note from GB PUBLICATIONS —-——= P.O. Box 11 d67 • Northside Station • Atlanta, Georgia 30305 Inckmd find $ far — copies of Archbishop Mallinon's Hook "HOW TO UNDERSTAND CHANGES IN THE LITURGY.” PRIMT Kara - ' *ddrm , C'ty — — — Start Zip dlnals in calling for a full- scale study. “Let us see things as they are,” he concluded, “not as we would like them to be...at stake is the future of the Church’s mission in the world.” BY THIS time excitement ran through Saint Peter’s like an electric current. Within hours it spread throughout Rome, to the universities, colleges, mo nasteries, hotels and pensioni — wherever the Fathers of the Council or their periti got to gether. Naturally, it was present la ter in the day when the English- speaking newsmen gathered for their regular conference. The theologians on the American press panel, everyone knew, were deeply divided on the ques tion. There was high interest in how they were going to react. Father Charles Davis, the leading young theologian of Eng land, who recently replaced Father George Tavard on the panel when the latter returned to Pittsburgh, stated that the talks that morning had marked a turning point in Catholic his tory. “My position as a theo logian today is not what it was yesterday.” What he meant was that only the day before, the view of family planning he held was regarded as dubious, but he now felt free as a theologian to explore all its implications. The veteran American con- , servatives, Father Francis J. Connell, C.SS.R., former dean of the School of Theology, Ca tholic University of America, and Msgr. George Shea, rector of the Diocesan Seminary in Darlington, New Jersey, gave signs of feeling at bay. They were clearly not prepared for the turn of events. MSGR. SHEA attempted to es tablish that since the remarks made that morning were really a “secret” discussion between Fathers of the Council, the newsmen's (and even the pro gressive theologians’) estimate of their importance was exag gerated. It was quickly pointed out to him that the knowledge of what was said had been re leased by the Council press of fice. For his part. Father Connell repeated for the umpteenth time the traditional case against con traception, with all its scho lastic distinctions and subdis tinctions, and cited the long continuity of the Church’s teaching on the subject. The one concession Father Connell made to the morning’s speakers was the acknowledgement that Saint Augustine was not the only Father of the Church living in his time. There were other Fa thers in the East, he pointed out, and some of them took a position different from Augus tine’s on many matters. Both these old-school theolo gians gave the impression that nothing much would come of the happenings in the aula that morning as far as changing the fundamental position of the Church went. Perhaps, after study, it would be concluded that a particular method of child spacing, like the present “pill” or another that might be de veloped, would be approved as licit because it contraceptive effects were only incidental to some other purpose for which it might be used (there was even a straight-faced discussion be tween Father Connell and a re porter of what would happen If an aspirin were added to the present pill), or because it facilitated “rhythm” by regu lating the female cycle. Such a change, however, would not constitute a change in doctrine but merely meet the require ments of the present natural- law interpretation of marital morality by chemical inventive ness. IT WAS evident that this is not what some of the more mo dem theologians have in mind. One of them said privately that he saw no reason why the Church should go into the chemistry business. Other scoffed openly at talk about a “Catholic pill” or “Catholic birth control." What these theologians have lr mind is a switch from the whole “biological” approach to sexual morality. They are not opposed to na tural law. Rather, they Insist that human sexuality, being the expression of the whole human person, with all which that im plies, must be judged .in the total human context. It is mis leading to equate it with animal sexuality. Most of them would say that there are delicate psy chological factors which must be taken Into account. More over — and this is much more important to them than the na tural-law aspects of the pro blem — the Christian concept of marriage is involved. It is this especially which makes all the difference between “things as they are” and as the tradi tionalists “would like them to be.” THE TRADITIONALISTS when they speak of marital morality put almost all the stress on the marriage “con tract.” Their teaching is word ed in juridical phrases like the “marriage debt,” the “marital rights,’’ etc. The moderns, by and large, emphasize the love- relationship, pecular to human persons, which is sustained and enriched by the total giving expressed in the sex act bet ween husband and wife. Their approach is intensely biblical and “personal.*' For example, in the earliest accounts of crea tion, one of them pointed out, Adam, when he saw Eve, re cognized her not as a fellow- parent but as a beloved com panion, necessary to the fulfill ment of his sexual nature. Their children, so to speak, were not the “primary purpose” of their love but its fulfilment and in carnation. Since it is along such lines as this that some of the modern theologians are thinking, they found sympathentic chords in the addresses of the three highly placed prelates who opened the subject in the aula of Saint Peter's. Others, who would be counted among both the con servatives and the progressives of the Council, have not really turned so radically against the traditional position. They are, rather, looking for away “out.” Many of them feel that they might have found it in the de velopment of the complicated pills which, however they work, promise to make birth control among Catholics practicable. A third group — like Cardinal Ottaviani, who told the Fathers that he was the tenth (and very welcome) child in a poor family still stress the biblical injunc tion to “Increase and multiply” and praise big families as the perennial Catholic ideal no mat ter what the demographers say. But for most of the Fathers and theologians who have given the question much serious thought, the Church seems to be facing a kind of dilemma. It was summed up in a paper recently released in Rome by the Dutch Documentation Cen ter, which is supported by the bishops of Holland. The docu ment refers to a “curious pa radox”-implicit in the present position of the Church; “The method which has the object of avoiding the fertility of the fact can be considered as mo rally licit, only if it respects the fertile character of the act...” Those who have faced up to this “curious paradox” do not focus their argument on the development of parti cular pills or any other “Ca tholic” method of family li mitation. They stress a fresh development of theological thought on marriage, a deeper understanding of the dynamism of human sexuality, and a grea ter awareness of the moral implications of the population explosion, which even among Catholics only the most dogged polemicists still deny. After two days the discus sion of marriage and family life was halted in the Council by vote of the Fathers. Now all are awaiting the report of the study which Pope Paul an nounced last Summer will be coming “soon.” A VERY BIG problem, of course is that the Catholic Church against tremedous op position during the last thirty ye$rs, has consistently taught and preached against con traception. The position stated by the two cardinals and the patriarch in the aula would haMe been unthinkable, or at leakt unutterable, only a short USED BY MILLIONS WHENEVER MODERATE ARTHRITIC RHEUMATIC MUSCULAR PAINS • Good Housekeeping OCCUR V. cvMinHu / V DOLCIN TABLETS Mon«y-back guarantee JOHN O'Donnell, who represented President Lyndon B. Johnson in the mock election held at St. Joseph High School was the win ner. He is shown here as his campaign manager, fellow student John Petzell, holds his arm up in victory. Such “elections” were held at many schools in the Archdiocese during the week preceding the national election. “’‘Sfy IP OWtS ARE SO WISE ...HOW COME l NEVER SEE ANY Of THEM EATING AT THE RIVIERA RESTAURANT? by up time ago. It is no secret that for some years there has been a kind of underground dissa tisfaction among professional theologians with the traditional teaching. But the public un animity in Catholic Circles gave little indication that any change might be in the offing. If, then,, the Church were to change its position, would it be tantamount to admitting that it had erred during all the time when it clung to the old position, despite the hardships caused in individual cases, the loss of faith suffered by many Catholics who could not accept the teach ing, the hard advice offered in the confessional, the falling- away from the Sacraments many who could not live to the law proclaimed, and the marital difficulties undergone by those who did? This is a most grave question, with both theo logical and pastoral implica tions. A few theologicans hold that “infallibility” is at stake; any change in position consequent ly is theologically impossible. Their syllogism goes this way: If the Church was wrong, the Church Is not infallible. But the Church Is infallible. Therefore the Church was not wrong. Others hold that infallibility is not an issue. The strict ures against contraception were never a matter of revealed truth nor did they ever re present the beliefs of the en tire Church, though they were enforced by decree and direc tive upon the entire Church. The papal statements uphold ing them were not an exercise of infallibility. Therefore change is possible, as the doc trine of marriage and the dy namism of the human person are better understood. BUT BOTH sides agree on the pastoral problem. A change on such an important matter, especially a doctrine so clearly identified with Catholicity, could cause a crisis of faith not only among laymen but among priests who sincerely, an frequently at the-cost of great personal anguish, taught the doctrine. To ask them to make an about-face would be cruel. Still, there are theologians, and Fathers of the Council as well, who say that to continue with the same teaching would be even crueller. “We must have the courage to approach the solution to this problem without prejudice,” said Patriarch Maximos. “The Council must be courageous,” said Cardinal Suenens — and his speech was followed by thun derous applause. **THE POPE IS BECOMING A MISSIONARY ... AN APOSTLE ON THE MOVE.” . . . The Holy Father said this of himself when he announced he would go to India next month. In India, only one person in a hundred is a Catholic. Despite this, the Pope will sec . priests and Sisters waiting war by §■» ^ the thousands on hunger, poverty, ignorance, disease. The war goes on. out of love for the poor, because our readers build schools and con vents, chapels and clinics ... In KOT-TEKAD village, for instance. Tbi Holy fathm'i 'Million jiid ‘ nun "W 4 .l rx • . i /-l r name. SISTER CECILIA) heads the for the Oriental Church village school. KOT-TEKAD has no Catholic chureh. however, and most of our Catholics (children among them) regularly miss Mass ... A permanent, functional chapel will cost on?j 53,200 altogether—and you may build it all by yourself, if you wish, (name it in honor of your favorite saint), in memory of someone you love. Simply write to us right now . . . No gift ($1* $2, $5, $10. $20) is too small. HELP WANTED: PllIESTS AND SISTERS—The Church and the world need more religious vocations. Pope Paul told pilgrims in St. Peter’s square. In INDIA, dedicated young men anti women need help to become priests and Sisters. Like to train one in memory of someone you love? The priest’s six-year train ing costs $100 a year i$B00 altogether). The Sister’s two-year training costs $150 a year <$300 altogether). Make the payments to suit your own convenience. Write to us. INDIA: POPE PAUL, APOSTLE SIDE EFFECTS—‘‘A hundred thousand missionaries in a hundred years may not be able to publicize Christ ... as the International Eucharistic Congress may do in India.” according the native priest in charge. The nine-day congress, which opens November 28. will spotlight the good our missionaries are doing in Kerala State, southwest India. Like to help that work along? Mark your gift “Stringless,” and tell us to use it where it’s needed most. VALENTINES AT THANKSGIVING?—As a reminder of your affection ,we’ll send your friends and neighbors, in time for Thanksgiving Day, one of our attractive GIFT CARDS. Simply enroll them <51 a year for individuals; $5 for a family) in this Association, and ask us to send a GIFT CARD to their address. THANK YOU, GOD—For all His blessings in ’64. thank God Thanksgiving Day. You’ll think of hungry families overseas when you cook and carve the turkey. Why not, in thanksgiving, feed a Palestine Refugee Family for a month? U costs only SI®. Aa a token of our thanks, we’ll send you an Olive Wood Rosary from the Holy Land. T * r HEN YOU MAKE A WILL, MENTION THE CATHOLIC NEAR EAST WELFARE ASSOCIATION Dear Monsignor Ryan: Enclosed oi«**se find for Name Street City .Zone. State (MllJcartast (Hissi FRANCIS CARDINAL SPILLMAN, President N*r. Jaaa»fc T. ftyoa, Natl See’y CATHOLIC NEAR EAST WELFARE ASSOCIATION m *•**»•■ Ava. at 42ad St. New Ye*. N. Y. 10017