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THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 1964 GEORGIA BULLETIN PAGE 5 SPOTLIGHT ON SOCIAL REFORM Intrinsically Evil • Father Mayhew’s column will be resumed after his return to the Archdiocese from vaca tion. BY WILLIAM J. SMITH, S.J. "Communism is intrinsically wrong.” So wrote Pope Pius XI in his great encycli cal Atheistic Communism. "No one who would save Christian civilization”, he added, "can collaborate with it in any undertaking whatso ever." Some anti-Communists seem to interpret this pronouncement of the Pope to mean that there is only one way of meeting the menace of present- day Communism, as exempli fied in the Soviet Union, and that is through superior mili tary force. Communism must be wiped off the face of the earth. The only way the total obliter ation of it can be accomplished is by a resort to arms. Unfortunately, Communism is an idea and the only way that a false idea can be dislodged from the mind of a human being is to supply a sound idea in its place. every action taken by the governments of the Western world must be taken in the framework of that danger of inciting a world war. POPE JOHN XXIII in his memorable encycli cal Pacem in Terris (Peace on Earth) sounded a warning. He wrote: "It must be borne in mind, that false philosophical teachings regarding the nature, origin and destiny of the universe and of man, cannot be identified with historical move ments which have economic, social, cultural or political ends, not even when these movements have originated from those teachings and have drawn and still draw inspiration there from. "For these teachings, once they are drawn up and defined, remain always the same, while the movements, working on historical situations in constant evolution, cannot but be influenced and cannot avoid, therefore, being subject to changes, even of a profound nature." IN OTHER words, there are two faces to Com munism — the one, the philosophical error; the second, the practical working out of the myriad dealings of that nation with other nations through out the world, as well as within its own borders. The Soviet Union is a fact — an ugly fact. In its tenacious claws it holds millions and mil lions of human beings in servitude and slavery. It is equipped with modern military power to destroy the majority of the inhabitants of earth, if it were to direct its full force and fury against the rest of the world. Our nation has at least an equal, if not a superior, military counter power to wreak a similar vengeance on the Com munist world. IS THE ANSWER to the tensions that exist between the East and the West the use of these countervailing powers? Is there no other way, no means, no ability, no talent within the human minds of the leaders of the nations to curtail at least, if not to gradually weaken, the ag gressive powers of the Soviet Union? One certain fact stands out in any discussion of this subject. Whatever this government and its allies around the world do in their relationship with the Soviet monster the over-riding considera tion must be: "Does this action advance or weaken the danger of an overall nuclear war?" THE UNITED States of America could, no doubt, perhaps within the brief space of half an hour, wipe out the whole of the Communist guerilla forces now operating in Viet Nam. In ninety minutes we could demolish Cuba which sepa rates our land from that island by ninety miles. We could tear down the Berlin Wall in an equi valent period of time. We could reduce Red China to desolation stre\vn with millions and millions of dqad-,and wounded bodies in less than a day. ritrrrT«”*’ f' r r. ' We have the striking power "to solve" any problem that faces us in our competition with Soviet Russia through the instrumentality of a preventive nuclear war. In attempting to do so, however, we too would experience the desolation of desolations that such ah encounter would bring upon the rest of the civilized world. Is that the single, simple, one-and-only solution to the problems that beset the world today? Only a mad man would advocate it. THE SOVIET Union is not merely a powerful military force. It is also an economic system. It is a social entity which is compelled by the sheer force of international circumstance to carry on relations with all the other nations on the earth. It is a political order with a thousand years of history behind it which, in spite of its Communist ideology at the present time, needs the free flow of ideas with human beings out side the iron curtain to make even a beginning in changing the idea that is Communism. The people of Russia and of the satellite nations under its control, are human beings just as we are. A case could be made on the thesis that they and citizens of other Communist nations such as Poland, may in the eyes of God be living a better moral and a higher spiritual life than do those who now glory in the term of democracy. Is nuclear warfare the answer to their problems? Would it solve any problem anywhere? It is obvious that it would not. Therefore, any and In meeting Soviet aggression in limited ter ritorial regions we must in self-defense coun teract that aggression by every legitimate means we can devise. Militarily we must take every means morally open to us — short of nuclear war. We must meet propaganda with propaganda. We must stir up, as far as it is possible, the spirit of other nations under attack to fight in their own self-defense. We must counsel, aid and abet the victims of Soviet injustice. But we must never abandon hope that peace is possible in this distraught world. Wherever and whenever the cause of peace can be advanced, even in dealing with the Soviet Union, by negotiations, through the U.N., through world public opinion, through social exchanges, we have the obligation to use those means. Is this collaboration with Communism? Not if we read the mind of Pope John XXIII aright. WAS IT collaboration with Communism when the Test Ban Treaty was negotiated? Is it collabo ration with Communism to endeavor to wean from Communism nations like Poland and even Yugo slavia now under Communist demination, but not necessarily Communist in heart and mind? Is it collaboration with Communism to encourage, support and develop world-wide social and cul tural agencies that function through the medium of the U.N.? Is it collaboration with Communism to take steps, even faltering steps, to negotiate with the hope of advancing the peace of the world even a little? Is it collaboration with Corpmunism to say that we must co-exist with the Soviet Union? We have no choice in the matter. The Soviet Union is a fact. The United States and the nations of the Western world are facts. We must co-exist whet her we like it or not. The alternative to physical co-existence is the destruction of one nation or the other. The al ternative to the idea of Communism in the minds of the people is by so living our own lives that the underlying idea of freedom will prevail in the minds of the people all over the world. IN HIS ENCYCLICAL on Atheistic Communism, Pope Pius XI devotes about ten times as much space to the need of social order, of morality and spiritual living, than he does to his analysis of Communism. Can we gain that balanced view of Pope Pius XI simply be concentrating all our thoughts, all our efforts on the fears, the evil, the injustices that characterize the work of the Communistic dictators? If we are to save the world from Communism, we better spend at least some time in saving America from itself - and I don't mean looking for a Communist under every bed. We are living in an exceedingly complicated world. The solution to most of our problems relating to Communism must be found by the government involved. A prime requisite for progress in that direction is confidence in and support of the Administration which was elected on November 3rd by the people of this nation. Your World And Mine CONTINUED FROM PAGE 4 preters as well. Major servicing involves return ing the plane to Russia. Fewer than half the planes are airworthy at any given time, ELSEWHERE, one hears the same complaint of high cost, poor quality and unsuitability of equip ment. The most common example is the old- fashioned tractor designed for arctic weather con ditions, with an enclosed cab in which the operator swelters, AH in all, I think that Africa’s exper ience of Soviet aid up to this time has been a very healthful lesson. We can at this level meet the open competition to which Khrushchev used fre quently to invite us a few years back, but about which we don’t recently hear so often from him. What would, I think, be a mistake would be to force African countries to choose, or to impose such rigid political conditions on our aid as to make them completely dependent on Russia. That would be to direct them to the road along which Ghana has already moved a considerable distance. There, Communists are in key positions. Business is regimented. The press has become a weapon of terror and misrepresentation. Education is de generating into brain-washing, as the protest of the Vice-Chancellor of the University ofGhanainthis year's Commencement address eloquently testi fies. Nor do I think that we can hope in our lifetime to see in Africa an economic system remotely similar to our private enterprise. Even the most moderate of the African leaders with whom Idis- cussed the subject, President Nyerere of Tan ganyika, scoffs at the idea. Our broad-based pri vate enterprise in the West, like our party politics, became possible only after a long period of ac cumulation of capital and development of education under far more restrictive systems, he argues. ALL OF AFRICA’S leaders agree in advocating economic development along the lines of what they call African Socialism. Just what this means no two of them agree. For Nkrumah it seems to be very close to Communism, to judge by his Mar xism as a product of industrial capitalism. Since Africa never passed through the class war, he says. Communism has no meaning for it. Neither has traditional Africa known private property in our sense. Land has always belonged to the tribe, and even personal possessions such as cattle were held subject to social restrictions. The tribal council might compel the owner to yield them when it considered that the good of the group so demanded. The advantage of the system was that it created a close sense of community and en sured a fair sharing of production among the members. Its disadvantage was that it left little incentive for capital accumulation and consequent ly induced economic stagnation. Nyerere and others hope to preserve the spirit of the traditional system, which recalls the com munity of goods of the early Christians. They be lieve that credit unions and cooperatives can achieve capital formation and progress at the vil lage level, and that the state itself must take the initiative in large-scale industry. Only time can determine whether they will in fact find an African way. CATHOLIC EDUCATOR ACROSS 61 butt 1 He was a member 63 hand-to-hand fight of the clergy 65 pertaining to calf 6 dispatch 10 small quanity 13 He condemned this 14 stew 15 relief administra tion (abbr) 16 degree 17 lime trees 19 He held a Council in this church 21 part of a play 23 fumed 25 deplores 26 widow in cards 28 Greek Island where he was kept prison er 30 icy particles 33 pertaining to large pelvic bone 35 complete 37 musical sign 38 position on a team 40 Biblical character 42 assent 43 heads in Paris 45 citrus fruits 47 railway 48 doctoral degree 50 New York, for example 52 steal 54 grain 56 choose 58 shoulder (Fr.) of leg 66 stand 68 swift 70 plunger 71 force 73 floods 75 Hindu title 76 noise 79 procrastinate 81 prefix: in, into 82 spring (Bible) 83 injure 85 novena 87 Tunisian ruler 88 German river 89 Saint ,Fr. composer DOWN 1 note on musical scale 2 food bit 3 Jan van der Dutch painter 4 Chinese, for example 5 Indian antelope 6 Chinese porcelain 7 Midwestern state (abbr) 8 fabricator 9 flower 10 briefly 11 Angle-Saxon coin 12 color 13 harass 16 fundamental 18 musical intervals 20 elongated fishes 22 spoil 24 pertaining to a dowry 27 small pieces (Scot.) 29 fine line 31 your (German) 32 salver 34 French pronoun 36 Asian perennial plant 39 kingdom 41 aids 44 pilot 46 type of duck 48 definite quanity 49 information 51 splendor 53 flings 55 His native place 57 lukewarm 59 bay tree 60 watchmaker 62 boy’s nickname 64 sea ducks 67 potter’s wheel 69 girl's name 72 coarsely ground substance 74 satisfy 76 part of a locomo tive 77 rest 78 railroad executives 80 Laos aborigine Hails Teachers’ Aid Stand ANSWER TO LAST WEEK'S PUZZLE, PAGE 7 WASHINGTON (NC)— A na tional spokesman for Catholic education has hailed the action of the American Federation of Teachers in endorsing govern ment support for parochial schools. Msgr. Frederick G. Hochwalt said the stand taken by the 100,000-member A.F. of T. is in line with the argument that "discriminatory legislation would seriously hamper free dom of choice in education." Msgr, Hochwalt is director of the National Catholic Welfare Conference's Department of Education. THE A.F. of T. endorsed government aid to both par ochial and public schools in a resolution adopted by its ex ecutive council. This was a reversal of the organization’s previous sta.„d. The resolution said Federal aid "must reach the child where he is." Federation president Charles Cogen said (Nov. 7) that the resolution was dictated by em ergency conditions in education. Spokesmen said the A, F. of T, is planning a largescale effort to obtain Federal school aid. The federation is an affiliate of the AFL-CIO, which has already gone on record in sup port of equal aid to children in both public and nonpublic schools. Msgr. Hochwalt, in his com ment on the AFT action, said: ’THE Department of Educa tion, NCWC, has taken no of ficial position on the basic ques tion of whether there should or should not be a Federal aid program but has always as serted that every school-age ARNOLD VIEWING That Man From Rio child should be the beneficiary of any Federal aid to educa tion program that might be passed by Congress. ‘The statement by the AF. of T. ‘that the child shall have the benefit of such Federal sup port in any given educational HOOVER CHARGE situation where he or his guar dians elect to have him’ cor responds with the constant as sertion by the Department of Education that discriminatory legislation would seriously hamper freedom of choice in education." BY JAMES W. ARNOLD Interracial Group Defends Dr. King CHICAGO (NC)—The Catho lic Interracial Council of Chi cago is "greatly disturbed" by recent statements by FBIdirec- tor J. Edgar Hoover concerning the integrity of Negro integra tion leader Dr. Martin Luther King. The Catholic Interracial Coun cil said in a statement "we know of Dr. King, his religious faith, courage and integrity. It is inconceivable to us that he could lie." DR. KING and Hoover have recently engaged in public con troversy over the FBI’s role in protecting persons protesting segregation in the South. The Catholic group's state ment urged that the FBI be given "the power life and limb” in to protect the South. It said it sent nine persons on a "Chicago interreligious delegation" to Albany, Ga., in August, 1962, and "it is a fact that the FBI was of no help in that situation." Set Scholarship MANCHESTER, NH (NC)— The trustees of St. Anselm’s College here have established a scholarship in the name of the late Archbishop Joseph F. Rummel of New Orleans, an 1896 graduate of St. Anselm’s and holder of an honorary doc torate of laws awarded him by the college in 1949, Seminary Fund Remember the SEMINARY FUND of the Archidocese of Atlanta in your Will. Bequests should be made to the “Most Reverend Paul J. Hallinan, Archbishop of the Catho lic Archdiocese of Atlanta and his successors in office". Participate in the daily prayers of our semi narians and in the Masses offer ed annually for the benefactors of our SEMINARY FUND. What’s the rarest kind of movie? In a film era in which the only thing that happens more often than people getting killed is people get ting kissed, the truly rare movie is the one without a single passionate wrestling match to use in the ads or coming attractions. brave and pure heroes who have saved heroines since time began. He goes by motorcycle, plane, tractor, trolley, auto, speedboat, bicycle, para chute; when no mechanical aids are handy, he walks, runs, swims swings through the trees like Tarzan. But probably rarer still, in any age, is the film that combines high quality with mass ap peal and a moral tone to suit a jury of discriminating den mothers. At least one movie of that species is available this year; unfortunately, it is the very kind star-and publi city-conscious filmgoers are likely to miss. IT IS CALLED "That Man From Rio," made mostly in Brazil by a French-Italian company, with a cast that includes only on mildly famous name: Jean Paul Belmondo. ( Whooo?) It is dubbed (pass ably) in English, and also funny, marvelous, brilliant, great. If you miss it, you simply don’t deserve forgiveness. "Rio” is the work of a young French director, Philippe DeBroca, who for several years turned out deft Gallic comedies that tried the patience of the Legion of Decency ("The Joker," "Five Day Lover," the gluttony sequence in "Seven Capital Sins"). But by chance or design DeBroca has now plunged into more whole-some subject matter. The results is the kind of buoyant mad ness that hasn’t been on the screen since the Rene Clair films of the 1930’s or the Preston Sturges drolleries of the 1940’s. INEVITABLY, just as he rescues her, she is stolen again, and the brisk pursuit rambles all over Brazil. IDe-Broca misses nothing: every scenic spot in Rio, as well as the mountain roads, native villages, backwaters of the Amazon, jungle depths, the stark rectangles and speroids of Bra silia (an H.G. Wells city if ever one existed). All in color, with hysterically fast, imaginative action and cutting, with each shot calculated to squeeze from nature every last glimmer of beauty. The mystery involves a mad anthropologist (Jean Servais) who through murder collects three acient idols which hold the secret to an old In dian treasure. (“Only I have been able to dis cover the secret," he brags, pulling from the hat crisp pieces of paper with explicit written di rections to the fortune). At the end, you may guess which greedy character is buried alive with the jungle 1 loot while hero and heroine race to safety. Nearly every moment in "Rio" is precious; Belmondo chasing the culprits on motorcycle, cigar clenched in teeth; his desperate attempts to dodge the assassins’ cars on an open, red-clay field in Brasilia; the beautiful hillside silhouet tes of the couple and their friends, the Negro poor of Rio, against the lighted shanties and the night sky, while on the soundtrack a girl sings a gentle song of love and happiness. REAPINGS THESE YOUNG French film-makers are en chanted with the commercial movies of that ancient vintage; the gangster films, the mys teries, the westerns, the musicals. "Rio" spoofs them all, but chiefly the Grade B action melo dramas; it reminds me most of the cheerfully improbable serials that used to run before the double features on Saturday afternoons. (Fbiends report that another recent DeBroca picture, "Cartouche," a loving take-off on the sword -and-costume romance, is even better, but I haven’t seen it). Bishop Is The Father CONTINUED FROM PAGE 4 its spiritual benefits. It is a great Christian ad venture before us, high in the virtue of hope. V The first requirement of a movie, often ig nored by those who search for film material in books and plays, is that it move. The second, and a purely personal requirement, is that it move across territory that is, or is made, vis ually delightful. "Rio" does both eminently. At the same time, it manages to be exciting and funny without being either terrifying of intel lectually snobbish. Belmondo, a dark-haired mixture of Steve McQueen and Ringo Starr and obviously a brash young man of the people, plays an airman-on- leave whose girl friend is kidnaped and flown to Rio by two swarthy, indestructible Latins. (The girl is alarmingly pretty, animated Francoise Dorleao, who makes U.S. actresses look as if they are cut from concrete). Without question, he takes up the chase, like all those marvelously The Church is all of us, bishop, priest and lay man, but our spiritual fathers must lead in order that all can receive what is being offered,for as Archbishop Paul J. Hallinan has said: ". . .the Church is offering modern man his full share in the liturgy, a role proper to his status as a layman, much of it in his own language and in his own mode of life. Liturgy will no longer appear to be the exclusive hobby of a few; it is the birth right of us all. It is the bread and butter of our spirit: our actions, our efforts, our presence of fered to God through the service of His priest, and, in return, divine grace flowing sacramentally through familiar channels into every corner of our lives. As the first chapter of the schema sum med it up: The liturgy is the summit toward which all the actions of the Church tend and, at the same time, the source from which it draws all its strength.' " God Love You BY MOST REVEREND FULTON J. SHEEN The hour has struck for all Americans and in particular Ameri can Catholics to ask themselves if they have a right to so much when the rest of the world has so little. Do the poor have any claims against us? Do the 80,000 living in the slums of Peru, who have to pay 16 cents a week for a keg of water have any claim on Americans who average $1.10 per week on alcohol? Does a parish in any big city have a right to build a million dollar church or school without giving at least $1,000 to build a small house for the Eucharistic Lord in Nigeria or New Guinea? We in the United States own 46 per cent of the world’s wealth and yet we are only six per cent of the world's population. This is like dividing the world’s wealth, giving each American $7.50 and those in the rest of the world only 58 cents. Oh yes! Two or three collections are taken up each year for the millions and millions who starve, but are not these like crumbs which fall from the table? Something radical must be done and not just to save the wrecks of humanity in Latin America, Asia and Africa, but to save ourselves I We need help more than they do. Certainly, they need bread for their bodies, clothes for their backs, education for their minds, medicine for their ills, but we need to justify our blessings. We need to prove ourselves stewards of God’s wealth. We need to be Christians not on Sunday only but everyday because the burdens of others must be carried daily. Two radical changes are needed. The first is an International Commission in Rome charged with the Missions. The Missions are not territories that once were colonies, but areas where there is need^ - whether it be in Chile or in Angora. The second change that is necessary is a world-wide system of adoption in which every diocese in the United States and in prosperous parts of the world, as well as every parish, school, hospital, fraternal organization and religious society, adopt a poor area or parish of the world. This cannot be done arbitrarily now, otherwise we will have adoption in one place and poverty in the other. It is for the Church or her International Commission to decide on adoptions - not a bishop or a priest. Equality must be preserved and this can be done only by the Chruch acting as Christ. Until these two changes come to pass we hope that you will not sleep well. We hope you will worry about how much you could do for the Holy Father and the Society for the Propagation of the Faith. Begin to share with the poorl God love you. GOD LOVE YOU to E.N.H. for $100 ‘This is being sent as an act of love for God, an act of thanksgiving for His blessings to me, an act of amendment for offending him and an act of petition for His Church and His Missions." ...to a prisoner for $3 "Here is a money order for the Holy Father's Missions, I have turned my back on Christ many times. I pray and hope that 1 never do it again." Solve your gift problem with a subscription to MISSION magazine. Those to whom you have this pocket-sized bi-monthly sent, will have a new vision of the Church and her Missions spread before them. Send your list of names and addresses and $1 for each sub scription to: Order Department, 366 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10001. Cut out this column, pin your sacrifice to it and mail it to Most Reverend Fulton J, Sheen, National Director of The Society for the Propagation of the Faith, 366 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10001, or to your Diocesan Director, Rev. Harold J. Rainey P, O, Box 12047, Northside Station, Atlanta 5, Georgia.