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6 The Campus Mirror Miss Mabel Carney On November 25-20, Spelman was favored with a visit from Miss Mabel Carney, of tlie department of Rural Education at Teacher’s College, Columbia University. Miss Carney is doing extensive work among Negro rural schools and her present trip south is for the purpose of gathering first hand informa tion to make her study more complete. In her talk to the Spelman faculty, Miss Carney made a plea for these forgotten rural children. The following are the; most signifi cant facts which she presented: Approxi mately /4 per cent of the Negro children in t lie Southern States are rural. Approxi mately 80 per cent of Negro teachers in the South teach in some type of rural school. There are more than 22,000 rural schools in the South for Negroes and 2,000 of these are found in Georgia. These are the problems which confront this college generation as future teachers in these areas: first, solicit the co-operation of white school officials. Second, recognize the rural problem as it is. Third, recognize teach ing as a profession. Several social affairs were given in honor of Miss Carney, including a tea given by Mrs. John Hope on Saturday, November 2b, from 5 :()0 to 7 :00 o’clock. Miss Ruth G. Lockman A charming young lady in the person of Miss Ruth G. Lockman, of the Inter-Collegi ate Prohibition Association, spoke fluently on the good of prohibition and the prohibi tion movement. She said that people in days past were concerned with getting a man out of the gutter, but today, we are concerned with keeping him out of the gutter. Among some of the statistics she quoted were: 85,000 persons were employed in the process of making liquor; there were 22.8 gallons of liquor distilled per person before the Vol stead Act. Dr. Ambrose Caliver Mr. Ambrose Caliver, Senior Specialist in Negro Education of the United States Bu reau of Education in Washington, 1). C., addressed the Spelman audience Monday morning, December 5th. Among his many services, Doctor Caliver checks upon people who drop out of college and finds out what happens, after a period of time, to those who do finish college. “Education is a process by which we try to do something to ourselves and to others,” said Doctor Caliver. “A ma jority of the educated people today are drunk with the idea of having possessions— material goods. We have lost sight of the true meaning of education. Unless the young people educate themselves, they fall far short of the mark.” .lust here Mr. Caliver enumerated a few statistics, illustrating the deplorable condi tions of 40,000 pupils in elementary rural schools. Two-thirds of the pupils are re tarded. There are 14,000 in the first grade. Forty-eight per cent of these pupils are (Continued on Page 7) Dr. Kenyon Butterfield E. Lucilb Pearson, ’35 Students and friends of Atlanta Univer sity and of Morehouse and Spelman colleges heaid Dr. Kenyon Butterfield, author of The /■'(inner and the New I/ay, foremost world authority on country life, the editor of the magazine “Country Life” and at one time president of Massachusetts Agricultural College, at another, of Rhode Island State College, and, at another, of Michigan State College, who spoke on Rural Life as a Chal- lenge to the World in Ilowe Memorial Hall, Friday, December 2, 1932. Dr. Butterfield presented the Farm Relief problem as it exists throughout the world. His travels through India, China, Japan, East Africa and Europe enable him to do this with an understanding which brought to his audience a realization that the farmers of the United States are not the only suffer ers in the present financial depression. In stead of farm relief being little more than a political issue in the United States, as it is thought by many of us to be, it turns out to be a world situation of depression in the values of the products of the soil. Dr. Butterfield brought to us the position of the American farmer in his review of the farmer’s place in America from the time the settlements were made along the Atlantic seaboard down to the present. He began with the peaceful life of nearly 200 years on the small farms along the seaboard, included the great westward movement led mostly by farmers, who conquered nature, carrying with them the little red school, the country church and the frontier type of civilization, while furnishing the cities with food. When the Pacific ocean was reached the tide of the westward movement broke back on itself and the farmer found himself confronted by the problem of scientific methods and equip ment. This stirring motion picture became a still picture and we stared at a farmer per plexed as he was by the scientific methods of planting and harvesting and the inven tions of farm equipment, both of which brought disaster, because fewer hands could produce what was needed. Dr. Butterfield considered the economic position of the farm er significant, first because the larger cities and indust' ies aie dependent upon farmers for food, supplies, and materials; second, be cause the fanners are conservers of wealth, the maintainers of the fertility of the soil. From Doctor Butterfield’s lecture, the con clusion is reached that “the lives of the rural billion” are of more importance now than ever before in the world’s history. The posi tion of these people is a challenge to our at tempt to build a civilization. It has been the tendency of the privileged group, surrounded as it is by its personal decisions, its group consciousness, its religion, and its work, to forget the under-privileged. When the under privileged have been given the chance to think with the privileged in solving the problems of advancing civilization, Doctor Butterfield’s conviction will have come true—the rural billion will no longer be the dispossessed and under-privileged, while it feeds the human race from the soil. Dr. William Vrufant Foster On November 21st, at 4:30 o’clock, Dr. William Trufant Foster, of Newton, Mass., former president of Reed College in Portland, Ore., Director of Poliak Foundation for Eco nomic Research, author and lecturer on cur rent problems, lectured to the students of the three institutions on “Managed Money and Unmanaged Men”. While the present de pression stares us in the face, we ask our selves the question, “What caused it and what can be done about it?” The depression has not been caused by the business cycle, by the recent war, by foreign debts, nor by extravagance, for people saved more than they consumed from 1923 to 1929. The real cause of the depression is the fail ure to handle what America has. In other words, we must handle the situation of the “too muchness of it all”. To talk of reduc ing output with millions standing in the bread line, reveals a fallacy in our economic system. Adjustments must be made and not reduction. In comparison with the extent of pros perity, which was 52 per cent above normal in 1929, we are now in a state of depression 54 per cent below normal and mismanage ment of the bank resources by the banker is perhaps the chief cause. As a remedy for the present situation, we need collective action on a large scale. Heavier taxation should be placed on the able class. Public works should be planned at long range. It is possible to set up a financial organization in society without gov ernment ownership for the control of income and the management of money. There should be managed money and un managed men; this is the suggestion w’hich was left with us. Dr. Foster spoke at the Vesper Service on Sunday on “What hast thou in the House?” On Monday morning, in Chapel, he spoke on “Should Students Study?” and on Tues day morning, on some of his experiences in France during the World War and pointed out that in every great emergency and in every big moment in life we feel the need of an abiding consciousness of a Power working for righteousness in the universe. Monday afternoon, preceding his address at Spelman, Dr. Foster spoke down town at the quarterly meeting of the teachers of the Atlanta public schools on “Retrenchment in Education”, and in the evening he addressed a dinner meeting of a men’s club. On Tues- daj r afternoon, Dr. Foster met with a group of seniors at President Read’s and in the evening he spoke before the Economics semi nar. At this meeting he discussed a plan for stabilizing employment and purchasing power, enabling the consumer to buy goods and thus maintaining a steady flow of the products of industry into consumers’ hands. Dr. Foster gave his addresses under the auspices of Atlanta University. He left Wednesday morning for Fort Worth, Texas, where he was to speak at the State Teachers Convention.