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MGE 4—OCTOBER, 1964—SOUTHERN SCHOOL NEWS
TEXAS
388 Desegregated Districts
Include 100 With Whites Only
AUSTIN
A revised list showed 388 Tex
as school districts have adopt
ed desegregation policies. Of
these, 100 reported no Negro
scholastics in 1963, but local su
perintendents reported to Texas
Education Agency their willing
ness to accept all applications to
enroll.
The 288 districts with both white and
Negro children showed the following
additions for this fall:
Bastrop County—Smithville, grades
10-12.
Blanco County—Blanco, grades 1-8.
Bosque County—Clifton, grades 1-12.
Brazoria County—Brazosport and
Columbia-Brazoria, both all grades.
Burnet County—Marble Falls, grades
1-12.
Caldwell County—Lockhart, grades
9-12.
Denton County—Lewisville, grades
9-12.
Fort Bend County—Lamar Common
School District, first grade.
Galveston County—Dickinson.
Grimes County—Richards, grades 1
and 2.
Harris County—Aldine, grades 1-3;
Goose Creek, all grades; Katy, grades
9-12; Spring, grades 11-12.
Harrison County—Marshall, first
grade.
Jefferson County—South Park, grades
1-8.
Lamb County—Amherst, grades 1-12.
Milam County—Thomdale, grades
1-12.
Orange County—Orange, grade 1-3.
Tarrant County—Azle, all grades.
Travis County—Webberville, grades
-8.
Wilbarger County—Northside (Ver
non), all grades.
Williamson County — Georgetown,
grades 1 and 2; Taylor, first grade.
Other Areas
Other data regarding extension of
desegregation included:
Dallas—235 Negroes enrolled in 10
predominantly white schools through
the first four grades, in a grade-a-year
court-ordered program, compared to
113 in three grades in the previous
year. Five pickets from the Congress
of Racial Equality were charged with
disturbing the peace when they tried
to sing “We Shall Overcome” at a
board of trustees meeting, after being
warned against demonstrations. The
group seeks faster desegregation.
Houston—1,005 Negroes enrolled in
five grades in 18 schools compared to
268 in four grades last year. Kinder-
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Texas Highlights
The list of districts with desegre
gation policies rose to 388, counting
100 which have no Negro scholastics.
Extension of previous desegrega
tion was reported at Houston, with
1,005 Negroes in class with white
pupils, and at Dallas and other com
munities.
Faculty desegregation started at
Austin.
Public colleges, so far as is known,
dropped segregation policies com
pletely this fall. There was pressure
to apply the same standards for ad
mission and class work to Negroes
as whites in predominantly Negro
institutions.
garten also was desegregated this fall.
Negroes attending class with white
children in other Houston-area public
schools include La Porte 59, Goose
Creek 32, Spring 17, Katy 11, Northeast
Houston 7, and Aldine 3.
Clifton—A Central Texas farm com
munity, Bosque County, enrolled 19
Negroes in all grades.
Beaumont—Nine Negroes enrolled in
an elementary school of South Park
ISD. Beaumont ISD added a second
grade to its stairstep program started
in September, 1963, but again had no
Negro applicants to attend these grades
with white children. The district has
about 9,700 white and 4,700 Negro pu
pils.
Fort Worth—68 Negroes were in de
segregated classes, including 22 in a
vocational high school. Two white chil
dren enrolled at a previously all-Negro
elementary school.
Denison—In North Texas near Dallas,
had 25 Negroes in desegregated first-
and second-grade classes, about double
last year.
Orange—Twelve Negroes enrolled at
two former all - white elementary
schools in this Southeast Texas com
munity.
Marble Falls—10 Negroes were ad
mitted to formerly all-white classes.
The district 65 miles northwest of Aus
tin had sent its Negro high-schoolers
to Austin, and operated a separate ele
mentary school for the others.
Edgewood—This East Texas rural
community reported 26 Negroes in
grades 8 through 12; compared to 17
in grades 9 through 12 last year.
Several Negroes reportedly were re
jected when they tried to enroll in
white classes. Arlington, near Fort
STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT & CIRCULATION
(Act of October 23, 1962: Section 4369, Title 39, United States Code)
1. DATE OF FILING: Sept. 17, 1964.
2. TITLE OF PUBLICATION: Southern School News.
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6. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF PUBLISHER,
EDITOR. AND MANAGING EDITOR
PUBLISHER: Southern Education Reporting Service, 1109 19th Ave., S., Nashville, Term.
37212.
EDITOR: Reed Sarratt, 1109 19th Ave., S., Nashvile, Term. 37212.
MANAGING EDITOR: Tom Flake, 1109 19th Ave., S., Nashville, Term. 37212.
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mediately thereunder the names and addresses of stockholders owning or holding 1 percent
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tions under which stockholders and security holders do not appear upon the books of the
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corporation have been included in paragraphs 7 and 8 when the interests of such individ
uals are equivalent to 1 percent or more of the total amount of the stock or securities of
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10. THIS ITEM MUST BE COMPLETED FOR ALL PUBLICATIONS EXCEPT THOSE
WHICH DO NOT CARRY ADVERTISING OTHER THAN THE PUBLISHER’S OWN AND
WHICH ARE NAMED IN SECTIONS 132,231, 132.232, AND 132.233. POSTAL MANUAL
(Sections 435a, 4355b, 4356 of Title 39, United States)
AVERAGE NO.
COPIES EACH
ISSUE DURING
PRECEDING 12
MONTHS
SINGLE ISSUE
NEAREST TO
FILING DATE
A. TOTAL NO. COPIES (Net Press Run) 4,476 4,200
B. PAID CIRCULATION
1. TO TERM SUBSCRIBERS BY MAIL, CAR
RIER DELIVERY OR BY OTHER MEANS. 3.764 3,721
2. SALES THROUGH AGENTS,
NEWS DEALERS. OR OTHERWISE.
C. FREE DISTRIBUTION (including samples) BY
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OTHER MEANS. 185 119
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I certify that the statements made by me
above are correct and complete.
HERD SARRATT, Editor
Worth, opened its first grade to all
races, but turned down a Negro fifth-
grader. Seven Negroes were turned
away at Hurst, a Fort Worth suburb,
on the ground that they did not five
in the attendance district.
Lockhart, in Central Texas, deseg
regated the top seven grades, but re
fused a request to enroll two Negroes
in an all-white elementary school.
★ ★ ★
Austin Schools Start
Faculty Desegregation
Faculty desegregation started in the
Austin public schools, when a Negro
history teacher (male) was assigned to
a desegregated high school, which has
a large number of Negro as well as
white pupils. Another Negro man was
assigned to teach social studies and
a ^eg o woman to teach English in
a desegregated junior high.
“It’s just part of our best efforts to
place in the classroom the best avail
able teachers,” said Ernest Cabe, per
sonnel director for the school system.
All Negroes involved already were
teaching in Austin schools.
Faculties also were reported to be
desegregating at Corpus Christi and
Victoria, as well as at previously re
ported El Paso and Odessa.
Several Negro teachers have been
displaced by desegregation, some of
them more than once, according to re
ports at Austin. But Dr. Vernon Mc
Daniel, director of the Teachers State
Association of Texas (Negro), said the
employment situation has “improved
tremendously” in the past few years,
with some Southern Negroes being
hired by non-Southern districts, con
trary to past experience.
In the Colleges
Segregation Rules
Apparently Ended;
Little Mixing Noted
So far as is known, racial segrega
tion policies have disappeared in Texas
colleges, although the extent of deseg
regation is not generally large. Some
colleges do not have any Negro stu
dents, and others are all-Negro. Most
have students of all races, however.
Since September, 1963, Negroes have
enrolled for the first time at Sam
Houston, Stephen F. Austin, and East
Texas State College, all under the same
board. Previously, court orders had
opened the doors to them at West
Texas State and Southwest Texas, also
teachers’ colleges. Sul Ross in West
Texas, sixth member of this system,
had quietly accepted Negroes in the
past, according to informed sources,
but had none in 1963-1964.
Tarleton State, a four-year college in
the Texas A & M System, had no
Negroes but reported willingness to
accept qualified students of all races.
Tyler Junior College enrolled two
Negro students this fall, the first mem
bers of the race there. The district
also has an all-Negro college.
Some junior colleges in East Texas
do not report any Negro students, but
there is no instance known of any
being rejected for racial reasons.
Enrollments Up
Enrollment in public colleges gen
erally in Texas has risen by about
10 per cent this fall, over 1963, and
with predominantly Negro institutions
sharing the increase. Statistics on this
will be available in the November issue
of Southern School News, and also
in the Statistical Summary published
annually by Southern Education Re-
Piorting Service.
While some private and denomina
tional colleges have substantial num
bers of Negroes, most of those in Texas
do not. Desegregation in this field could
be described as token in some places,
but none is known to have an official
policy for excluding any race.
Educators note that Negro colleges,
particularly those church-supported,
have increasing difficulty maintaining
standards equal to competing white
institutions. Also, there is growing re
luctance among Texas legislators and
educators to give Negroes special treat
ment since racial restrictions are being
removed generally in higher education
of the state.
The University of Texas, which ac
cepted its first Negro by order of the
U.S. Supreme Court in 1950, enrolled
approximately 23,500 students at its
Southern School News
Southern School News Is the official publication of the Southern Education
Reporting Service, an objective, fact-finding agency established by Southern
newspaper editors and educators with the aim of providing accurate, unbiased
information to school administrators, public officials and interested lay citizens
on developments in education arising from the U.S. Supreme Court opinion of
May 17, 1954, declaring compulsory segregation in the public schools unconsti
tutional. SERS is not an advocate, is neither pro-segregation nor anti-segregation
but simply reports the facts as it finds them, state-by-state.
Published monthly by Southern Education Reporting Service at 1109 19th Ave.
S. t Nashvil'e, Tennessee.
Second class postage paid at Nashville, Tennessee.
OFFICERS
C. A. McKnight Chairman
Alexander Heard Vice-Chairman
Reed Sarratt Executive Director
Tom Flake, Director of Publications
Jim Leeson, Director of Information and Research
BOARD OF
Luther H. Foster, President, Tuskegee
Institute, Tuskegee Institute, Ala.
Alexander Heard, Chance'lor, Vander
bilt University, Nashville, Tenn.
C. A. McKnight, Editor, Charlotte Ob
server, Charlotte, N.C.
Charles Moss, Executive Editor, Nash
ville Banner, Nashville, Tenn.
John N. Popham, Genera! Managing
Editor, Chattanooga Times, Chatta
nooga, Tenn.
Felix C. Robb, President, George Pea
body College, Nashville, Tenn.
Reed Sarratt, Executive Director,
DIRECTORS
Southern Education Reporting Serv-
ice, Nashville, Tenn.
John Seigenthaler, Editor, Nashville
Tennessean, Nashville, Tenn.
Don Shoemaker, Editor, Miami Herald,
Miami, Fla.
Bert Struby, General Manager, Macon
Telegraph and News, Macon, Ga.
Thomas R. Waring, Editor, The News
and Courier, Charleston, S.C.
Henry I. Willett, Superintendent of
Schools, Richmond, Va.
Stephen J. Wright, President, Fisk Uni
versity, Nashville, Tenn.
CORRESPONDENTS
ALABAMA
William H. McDonald, Chief Editor
ial Writer, Alabama Journal, Mont
gomery.
ARKANSAS
William T. Shelton, City Editor, Ar
kansas Gazette, Little Rock
FLORIDA
Bert Collier, Editorial Writer, Miami
Herald
GEORGIA
Joseph B. Parham, Editor, The Macon
News
LOUISIANA
Patrick E. McCauley. Editorial
Writer, New Orleans Times-Picayune
MISSISSIPPI
William Peart, Staff Writer, Jackson
Daily News
NORTH CAROLINA
Luix Overbea, Staff Writer, The
Journal-Sentinel, Winston-Salem
SOUTH CAROLINA
William E. Rone, Jr., City Editor,
The State, Columbia
TENNESSEE
Ken Morrell, Staff Writer, Nashville
Banner
TEXAS
Richard M. Morehead, Austin Bu
reau, Dallas News
VIRGINIA
Overton Jones. Associate Editor,
Richmond Times-Dispatch
NATIONAL AFFAIRS
Erwin Knoll, Washington Bureau,
Newhouse Newspapers
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SPECIAL REPORT
St. Louis Board Drops
Suit on Transportation
ST. LOUIS
B y unanimous vote, the St.
Louis Board of Education
voted on Sept. 8 to dismiss its suit
which sought a declaratory judg
ment upholding its controversial
bus transportation program of last
year.
The board acted on the recommenda
tion of Board President James S. Mc
Clellan, a lawyer. Members agreed that
the construction of new elementary
schools and the subsequent sharp re
duction in the number of children
transported by bus have removed any
basis for legal controversy.
The suit, filed in August of 1963 in
U.S. District Court here, sought a rul
ing that the transporting of Negro
pupils in containing emits from over
crowded schools to predominantly
Austin campus this fall. It keeps no
racial records, but the enrollment of
Negroes probably does not exceed one
per cent of the student body—235. A
revised estimate on this will be forth
coming later.
Negroes were eligible to live in all
dormitories operated by the university
this fall, after having women separated
in the past; and also some men’s dorm
itories. Less than 15 per cent of the
students live in dormitories, however.
The others live in rooming houses,
apartments, fraternity-sorority, and co
operative houses. Many of the Negro
students are from Austin and live at
home.
Five Negro girls are living at Kin
solving Dormitory, newest on the
campus and the scene of past demon
strations for desegregation.
It was revealed meanwhile that four
white students had attended predomi
nantly Negro Bishop College in Dallas
last year, without incident. Most Negro
colleges in Texas have a few white
students, and faculty desegregation is
even more common.
white schools did not deprive the pupib
of their constitutional rights. The board
asked also for an injunction to preven
interference with the bus program-
completion of six new schools in the
West End and central area of the ot)
has enabled administrators to reduce
from 4,600 to about 750 the number o
pupils to be transported by bus.
Block Units
Pupils transported this fall have be^j
integrated into the classrooms o
receiving schools. Pupils will be mo'
by block units, not by classes as
before-
y wiuv.iv LU11LO, nui uy
The suit had been consolidated
another filed soon afterward by
Missouri branches of the National * ^
sociation for the Advancemen
Colored People, alleging that
officials were operating a segrega
school system through discrimrna ^
practices. No action had been taxe
the consolidated suit prior to 1 . ^ 0 [
missal by the school board. In vl *' (e i
the board’s action, it is not antici]
that the NAACP will press its
action any further in this m ^ e !u e St-
The NAACP suit had a cc 'f e ~JZ a tiP6
Louis Board of Education of °^ esB in
a segregated public school sys
violation of the Constitution.
for a temporary injunction res
school officials from segregating
ported Negro pupils in seps«
rooms at predominantly white
schools. jjggro
The NAACP suit alleged tba ^
pupils were being deprived by
education opportunities gviaran segh'
the 14th Amendment because p U pils-
gation policies in transpor . ^^ent 5,
student transfers and uouxid^^
teacher assignments, schoo
and new school sites. ^.rary
The suit asked for a tempos .
junction halting the containrn enr oU
and ordering school °T fn rece.^
transported Negro pupils
school classrooms on the
and conditions as white pupa 3 -