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7
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7 he Inside Story of Russian Jewry
(Continued from Page 7)
is why the Jews of the Ukraine are,
on the whole, better off than those
elsewhere in Russia. Jews would do
well in light industries such as the.
clothing trade, glass-blowing, toy
manufacture and the like. But Russia
has no time for such things now.
That leaves the question of how
these Jews live. I think one may
safely say that if American organiza
tions and relatives stopped sending
money to Russian Jews at least a
quarter, and probably a third of them
would starve to death within three
months. Those ghetto Jews of Russia
are absolutely unable to do anything
for themselves. By temperament, by
physique, by training they are unfit
for the Russia of the Five Year Plan.
They are helpless.
There is, however, one ray of hope
for them: the back-to-the-land move
ment. That may, I feel, become the
salvation of Russian Jewry. 1 under
stand that two hundred and eighty
thousand Jews—ten per cent of the
Jewish population of Russia—have
already been settled on the land. The
Jewish colonies in the south of Rus
sia are doing very well indeed, we are
told. If all, or at least a large propor
tion of the Russian Jews could be set
tled on the land I think that not only
would their economic situation be in
finitely improved but the danger of
an eventual anti-Jewish outbreak
among the Russian masses would be
obviated. A strong Jewish settlement
in the south of Russia would be safe
from such devastating pogroms as
used to occur in Czarist times.
Moreover, the Russian Jew has al
ways had a hankering after the land.
He has the soul of an agriculturist.
Though he has been cooped up in the
ghettos for generations he has never
ceased dreaming of the soil. And now
that the old cultural values of the
ghetto have been totally destroyed,
leaving only the old walls and dirty
streets stripped of all that had made
them tolerable, the young Jews are
more anxious than ever to return to
the land. Incidentally, it must be re
membered that it was Russian Jews
who were the first Zionists and found
ed the first agricultural colonies in
Palestine.
In addition to these Jewish settle
ments in the Crimea there is, of
course, the projected autonomous
“Jewish republic” in Biro-Bidjan, in
the southeast of Siberia. However, 1
do not believe much will come of it.
There have been other such move
ments in Jewish history -particularly
the Texas project in the nineteenth
century and the Uganda plan of Israel
Zangwill, not to mention Jewish colo
nization movements in the Argentine
and elsewhere—but none of them ever
materialized. I doubt whether the
Jewish masses want a republic of that
sort, except, perhaps, in Palestine.
And in any case— why in Biro-Bidjan,
which is four thousand miles removed
from the world market? It would be
far better if all such colonization
movements were concentrated in the
south of Russia, which is on the high
road to the world market and where
the agricultural settlement has al
ready proved successful. I know that
the Soviet Government has been al- I
lotting large budgets for the Far
Eastern colonization. But the Crimean
settlement, inspired and supported by
American initiative, seems to me
preferable by far.
CopyriRht 1931 by S. A. F. S.
MORTIMER E. SCHIFF PASSES
(Continued from Page 8)
pic interests of Mortimer L. Schiff.
Their range was far too wide, and
many of his activities were carried
on anonymously. At all times was he
ready to help and assist any deserv
ing Christian church organization in
distress. More than one parish was
saved by his generosity. His non-sec
tarianism was the dominant trait of
his outlook on life.
Mortimer Schiff the man loved
home life. His was one of the largest
estates on the North Shore of Long
Island. It is said that so elaborate was
his establishment that his local taxes
alone at Oyster Bay amounted to
more than a million dollars a year.
He was a neighborly man, and ex
tremely democratic. It is told that re
cently a local paper asked him for a
photograph. To the astonishment of
the managing editor he delivered the
picture a few days later, in person.
This because there was no pose or
make-up in his genuinely modest
character. Another incident speaks
volumes for the epicurean tastes of
Mortimer Schiff: Three years ago,
when a company began erecting an
apartment house next-door to his
Fifth Avenue residence, he bought the
property—at a cost of eight hundred
thousand dollars—and put a stop to
the construction work. The proposed
apartment house would have towered
above his home and cut off the sun
light.
For himself and his young friends
he cherished light and open air above
all else. His flower cultivations and
shows at Oyster Bay enjoyed national
fame. He was very proud of his prize
herd of cattle, which won an award
at the annual fair at Mineola, Long
Island. A sportsman in every sense
of the word, he had stables that en
joyed respect in racing circles; his
yacht, the “Dolphin,” was a familiar
sight in the harbor of Oyster Bay.
There is nothing startling in the
record of Mortimer L. Schiff's life. In
the business world he was considered
one of America’s shrewdest and most
astute operators. To the outside world
he was primarily the continuer of the
Schiff tradition in social welfare work
and philanthropy.
He is mourned by Jews and Chris
tians alike. More than any other con
temporary American Jew Mortimer
Schiff represented the furtherer of
racial and religious good will, a man
whose outlook refused to be limited
by any sectarian code or fanaticism.
CopyriKht 1931 by S. A. F. 8.
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MANUFACTURERS OF
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