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[Concluded from 4th page.] '
nish some hints to an American Draco. They would
bo (fathered up no doubt It was on that bill that
Col. Barra was - enabled to nuke his proud boast:—
“ I resisted the violence of America at the hazard of
my popularity there t I now resist your frenzy at the
sutne risk here." It was then, too, he gave his me*«y
orablo, but fruitless,warning; ** I know tho vast su
periority of your disciplined troops ovor tho provin
cials ; but beware how you supply tho want of disci
pline by desporation.”
Sir, said Mr. W., the fatal dilemma of Mr. Dun-
ning is exactly that, presented to the South: “
and we will cut your throat; submit, and we will tax
you.” . r „
From this hasty review of councils, whoso folly
and madness could bo excelled only by our own, it
was grateful to turn to a safer, a wiser precedent
that set by Thomas Jofferson, respecting the repeal
of the embargo. It would be unjust and imprudent
to use any other than his own words: “ Mr. Adams
called on me pending the embargo, and, while endear,
ore mere muling to obtain its repeal, he made some
apologies for the call, on the ground of'pm not being
in the habit of confidential communications; but that
which he had then to make, involved too seriously,
the interest of our country, not to. overrule all oilier
considerations with him, and mako it his duty to re
veal it to myself particularly. I assured him there
was no occasion for any apology for his visit; that,
on the contrary, his communications would be thank,
fully receivod, ami would add a confirmation the
more to my entire confidence in the rectitude and
patriotism of his conduct and principles. He spoke
then of the dissatisfaction of the eastern portion of
our confederacy, with the restraints of the. embargo
then existing, and their restlessness under it. That
there was nothing which might not be attempted to
rid tlicnisclvcs of it. That ho had information, of
the most unquestionable certainty, that certain citi
zens of the Eastern States (I think ho named Mas-
sachusetts particularly) were in negotiation with
agents of the British Government, the object of which
was an agreement that the Now England Stats should
take no further part in tho war then going on : that,
without formally declaring their separation from the
Union of the States, they should withdraw from all
aid and obedience to them; that their navigation
and commerce should be freo from restraint and in
terruption by the British; that they should be, con
sidered and treated by them as neutrals, and as such
might conduct themselves towards both parties, and,
at the close of tho war, bo at liberty to rejoin the con:
f -’ency. He assured me that there was imminent
dq, ger; that the convention would take place;
that the temptations were such as might denauch ma
ny from tlioir fidelity to the Union; and that to en
able its friends to make head against it, the repeal of
the embargo was absolutely necessary. I expressed.
a just sense of tho merit of this information, and of
the importance of -tho disclosure 'to the safety and
even the salvation of our country; and however re
luctant I was to abandon the measure, (a measure
which, persevered in a tittle longer, wo had subse
quent and satisfactory assurance, would have efifacted
its object completely,) from that moment, and influ
enced by that- information, I saw the necessity of
abandoning it; and, iustead of effecting our purpose
by this peaceful weapon, wo must fight it out or break
the Union. I then recommended to my. friends to
yield to the necessity of a repeal of the embargo, and
t o endeavor to supply its place by the best substitute,
in which they coiild procure a general concurrence.”
Mr. Wilde was not unapprised, that, in some of
these details, the memory of Mr. Jefferson was inac-
curator The correctness of the material part, how-
ever, remains unimpcached. Tho discontent of tho
East, and the machinations of some leading men
there, to produce a dissolution of the Union, or tern,
porary secession from it, had been communicated to
Mr. Jofferson; and instead of sdeking means to punish
the instigators of there sistaneeto a law of Congressor
asking new and extraordinary powers to enforce it, Mr,
J. recommended a Repeal of the Embargo.
This much Mr. W. thought was apparent, even
from tho statement of the distinguished gentleman
referred to, made with a view of correcting the er
rors of Mr. Jefferson’s octogenarian memory. To
avoid all injustice, Mr. W. would use his own lan
guage : “ It was in these letters of 1808 and 1809,”
says Mr. Adams, “ that I mentioned the design of cer
tain leaders of the federal party to effect a dissolu.
tion of the Union, and the establishment of a northern
confederacy.
This design had been formed in the winter of 1803
—4, immediately alter, and as a consequence of the
acquisition of Louisiana. Its justifying causes to
arfcultural.
From therSouthem Planter.
WILD LOCUST FOB HEDGES.
Tarvkrsvillk, Ga. April 22, 1833.
To the Editor of the Southern Planter :
Sin—Having seen several publications in,
vour excellent paper in relation to Live Hedg
es, I am induced to give you my views or the
subject. In my opinion, the Wild Locust is
the best thing that can be planted for a Hedge.
It is adapted to rich soils, but will grow in
poor land. And when it once takes root, is
difficult to be eradicated. Its thorns present
a perfect barrier to man and horse. It is ea
sily propagated, stands frost and droughts re
markably well; and in my opinion would sur
pass any native shrub in America for this
purpose. If you think this suggestion worthy
of notice, you will please give it room in your
paper. Very respectfully,.
TWIGGS.
general *ntelU$?ticc.
those who entertained it were, that the annexation of
Louisiana to tho Union transcended tho constitution,
al powers of tho government of the United States.—
That it formod in fact & new confederacy, to which
the States united by the former compact, wero not
bound to adhere. That it was oppressive to tho in
terests, and destructive to the influence of the north
cm section of the confederacy; whose right and duty
it therefore was to secede from the new body politic,
and to constitute one of their own. This plan was
so, far matured, that the proposal had been made to
on individual to permit himself, at tho proper time,
to be placed at the head of the military movements
which it was foreseen would be necessary for carrying
it into execution. In all this there was no overt act
of treason. In tho abstract theory of our govern
ment, the obedience of tho citizen is not due to an
unconstitutional law. He may lav/fully resist its ex
ccution. If a single individual undertakes this resis
tance, our constitutions, both of the United States
and of each separate State, have provided a judiciary
powor, judges, and juries, to decide between the in
dividual and the legislative act which he has resisted
as unconstitutional. But lot us suppose the case
that legislative acts of one or inoro States of this Un.
ion are passed,conflicting with acts of Congress and
commanding the resistance of their citizens against
them,and to /ait else can he the result but war-civil war?
And is not that de facto a dissolution of the Union
no far as the resisting States are concemod? " And
what would be the condition of every citizen in tho
resisting States ? Bound by the double duty of alle
giance to the Union and to tho State, he Would be
crushed between, the upper and nether millstone,^with
the performance of every civic duty converted in-
to a crime, and guilty of treason, by every act of obe
dience to the law.”
It was precisely this miserable state of things so
clearly and aoly delineated by the gentleman from
Massachusetts, [Mr, Adams,] that he, Mr. W. desired
to avoid. Ho conjured,, nay, he implored, his politi
cal friends to aid him in averting it. If they turned
a deaf car to his prayers, ho reminded them that tho
Southrons wero Italians, not in their skies only. If
they should trace up the failure of peace to those whose
r.auso they had been upholding, there was danger,
they might adopt the desperate saying of Cosmo de
Medici: “ You shall road, said he, that we are com-
manded to forgive our onemies; bat yon will no
where find we are required to forgive our friends."
Mr. VV. wished to forgive all, or rather he wished
by a comprehensive measoreof conciliation, so to bu
ry every past causo of complaint, that there should
be nothing left to forgive. In pursuit of that just
object, he acknowledged no friend but him who aid
ed, he recognized no enemy but those who obstructed
it. Whosoever, in this hour of peril and dismay,
would aid him in hu holy purpose—whosoever would
even dare to speak, what the freemen of the conntiy
thought, but bad noi yet uttered, him would he grap
ple to i)ia heart,. ,wiih- hooks oT steel! And he who
thwarted him in this most cherished object of his life,
would he tear thence, though ho were his brother of
the samewomb, born at tho same birth!
From the New York Commercial Adrerliscr.
SAP OF BIRCH TRUES—A XEW BRINK.
[Justice to the author of the following com
munication, requires us to say that it was
written offhand, immediately after the appear,
aaco of the article ia the American, to which
it is a. reply.]
I saw last evening in the American the fol
lowing :—
A New Drink.—A correspondent sends
us the following extract of a .letter.
“ By the way, do the people ‘down cast’
known that an excellent drink can be made of
the sap of frirch trees ? You may, if you plcaso,
communicate it to some newspaper. It is
made like wine.”
The next best thing to telling* that sap of
birch trees makes an excellent drink, is to
let us know the process of making it—though
to be sure, they are ‘cute enough’ “down
east” to find any thing out.
Not being acquainted with the editor of that
paper, I have sent an answer to the inquiries
then made, to you.
The very mention of the beverage is revi
ving. ' The birch tree from which the sap is
taken for this purpose is the black birch, but
yellow or white birch, will answer the purpose.
•The birch of either species abounds more
in sap than any other tree of the American
forests. An hundred gallons of sap may be
taken from a good sized tree in twenty-four
hours. Sixteen gallons of this sap contain
about a pound of sugar. It contains a large
quantity of fixed air, and is a delightful drink
as it runs pure from the tree, and it may be
used as freely as the Saratoga waters with
sufety. The drink is highly exhilcrating. Beer
may be made in various ways from this sap,
but the best I ever drank was made in the
following manner:
The trees were tapped in March, as the
snow was wasting away, and tubs placed un
der them to catch the liquor. The crochets
were fixed, the lug-pole extended, and the
large kettle swung—the sap was put iuto
them, and the fire kindled, and the sap was
boiled down to about one half of the natural
quantity-an half pint of the essence ofthe spruee
an handful of chickenberry leaves, with a
small quantity of sassafras or sasapariila is
allotted to a barrel ; and if you wish it to
be super-excellent, put in as you turn it into
the cask, about two quarts of maple syrup to
thirty gallons. A few days after the casks
are put into the cellar, give them a slight vent
while it is in a gentle ferment. The casks
should be iu a cool place, that the fermenta
tion should be slowly carried on ; when this is
over, bung it up tight, and in May it will be in
the highest perfection.
No drink ever used is more delightful
the taste, or more healthy. It purifies the
blood—sits well upon the stomach, and has no
intoxicating effect. Had Bacchus known
how to make birch beer, he would have thrown
down his wine cup and adhered to the beer
barrel. The writer of these rules for brew
ing the eastern birch beer, has tasted of the
vintages of many nations:—has drunk from
theJcathern bottle of Shiraz, “the flagon of
Rhenish,” the black glass containing Moun
tain Malaga,—the clear, inspiring looking ta
per' necked bottles of Champaigne; but would
forego them all for the pure, well made, well
kept cask of birch beer. It is remarkable
for clearing the head—and for warming the
heart. The New Hampshire troops had
been swigging at it when they heard of the
Lexington fight, and had a few barrels left
when they went , on to Bunker Hill-they drank
hut little else during the whole' revolutionary
conflict—rand what people were ever braver?
Stark drank his tankard of beer until he
was turned of ninety, and old Samuel Welsh,
of Bow, refreshed the writer with a mug of
fine birch beer in a watm day—drinking
freely of it himself, then in his hundred and
twelfth year., Is it not conducive to long
life ? It must be confessed that some of the
rising generation in that region, although they
loved it dearly, thought it was not so fashion,
able os brandy ; 'and did not think of offering
it to a visiter ; but it is to [>e hoped that this
modesty has become quite extingt—rand that
in some future'day-the excellence ofthe birch
will be sung with the virtues of the vine ; and
that the genius of Temperance will adopt the
birch tree as an emblem of his complete tri
umph over all the fiery spirits ofthe distillery.
FIVE DAYS LATER FROM FRANCE
TWO DAYS LATER I%OM ENGLAND.
New-York, May 10.—Early this morning'
we received by the ship Meridian, Capt.’Lomr,
Paris papers to the 5th April inclusive, and
and Havre to the evening of the same day,
containing London dates to the evening ofthe
2d.
The Irish Enforcing Bill passed the House
of Lords on the 1st as amended in the Com
mons,and received the royal signature by com
mission. It is therefore a law ofthe realm
London, April 2.—We learn that oui gov
ernment has received the reply of Prussia and'
Austria relative to their views on the sebjcc f
of the affairs of Holland. It is' asserted that
they are in perfect accordance with those of
France and. England. This, it is sari, is the
occasion ofthe conference which took' place
vesterday and the rise of the funds. Con
sols. 87 3-4.
M. Dedel, (the Dutch Envoy) it is said, af.
ter his propositions had been rejected, made
ew ones, which consisted in demanding the
Executive Department, Ga.
Milledgeville, May 14, 1833.
In order to correct v oious misrepresenta
tions, circulated through-the press and other
channels, I have to request newspaper Ed-
nors, friendly to the great interest of the
•ouutry, aud especially that of Georgia, to
publish the following correspondence.
* WILSON LUMPKlft.
(copy.)
Executive Department, Ga.
Milledgeville, April 26, 1833.
Hon. Lewis Cass, secretary of war.
Sir—A few days ago, I addressed a letter
to the President of the United States, on ih-
Will show that the opinions of the President,
are unchanged.
Very respectfully, I have the houor to be,
your ob’t. servant. LEWIS CASS. *
His Excellency Wilson Lumpkin, MiUedg n m e> Ga
(copy.)
Department of War. • r ;
Office Indian Affairs, May 1, 1833.
Sir—In consequence of an applicatto
from several of the Cherokees, I have bee.,
instructed by the Secretary of War, to c ,11
forty shall be given to the forty counties hav-
i .g the highest federal population—twelve
to the twelve counties- having the greatest
federal population—and the remaining three
o the three counties having the highest fed.
Tal populu-tion.
6. And at the first Session of the General
Assembly, after the taking^ of each census
weordia r to the Constitutio.i now in force,
'ey shall by Law reorganize the said dis-
your attention tomy letter to y.ouof March 15th, 1 8i «d apportionment of Representa-
1833, and to say to you that the provisions of
that letter relate soleiy to those portions of
the Cherokee country, within the States ot
Tennessee and North Carolina, and over
which the laws of those States have not been
extended. The views of the President upon
suuject of our Indian relations,which I requya ibis subject ave beau too often and too public
led, might be submitted to you.
ut w uiiua* miivii uiubiai^u in uciuaiiuuiK uig i _ . . .. ^ .
release of the Dutch prisoners of war, and the ignorant Indians and Indian Country me
the removal of the embargo; in offering .the with the belief, that he is authorized to say
opeuing of the Scheldt as before the siege of from the authority of tae ar Department,
the, citadel of Autwerp, (this is the important
point;) and in leaving it entirely to the decis
ion of the whole conference to regulate the
definite Treaty between Hollandand Belgium,
provided that the latter should consent to the
same thing. This last proposition was to
have been presented to the Belgian govern
ment on the 31st of March.
From the well known character of the
King of Holland, it is evident that this propo-
sition conceals a new danger. The Cabinet
ofthe Hague would not have demanded that
to
In connection with the same subject, 1
herewith enclose you a copy {ofthe copy) of a
tettef, received by me a few days ago from a
respectable gentleman, who resides in the
neighborhood of John Ross. That gentleman
with various others, informs rtie, that Ross is
exhibiting this indiscreet letter, and impressing
that in a short time, all the Georgia settlers,
who have settled under the authority of the
laws of Georgia, will be driven from their
homes by the United States Army. There
may be some exaggeration in these state
ments'; but I am forced to the conclusion,
from what I have heard, and from the reading
of this imprudent letter, that great efforts are
making in that country to mislead, and delude
the unfortunate Cherokees.
I do not hesitate in my reply, to such com
munications, to assure the people of that coun
the question should be left entirely to the riis-1 lI T, that no change has taken place in the
cretion of the Conference, without having I v * ews °f ^ ederal Executive, and that the
previously consulted the intentions ofthe Cab-1 Indians so long as they choose to remain in
iuets of the North, and satisfying themselves I Georgia, must yield implicit obedience to the
that the three Courts ofthe North would pro-1 supremacy of the laws of the State. 1 1
ly re -o <, io leave any doubt oi tip
co list wli ch,in his opinion, should be purse
ed. Ail ! tliis explanation would have bc<
considered unnecessary, had not some ofti,
Cherokees, intimated different views.
President yet thinks, us he lias always o .
tiie Executive has no constitutional < right ic
pply military force to remove persons frou
any part of the Slates of Georgia or Alabama
1 hm sir, very respeetliillv, your ob’t serv’t.,
ELBFRT HERRING.
Col. H. Montgomery. .
(copy.)
Department of War,.
Office Indian affairs, May 1, 1833
Sir—Enclosed I transmit you copies o.
two letters, of this date, one addressed to the
Agent Colonel Montgomery, and the other to
several of the Cherokees.
these letters, that some misapprehension h..s
existed, or has been affected, respecting the
purport of an order sent by this office to Col.
Montgomery on the 15th March last lor the
removal of intruders from tne Cherokee coun
try. That order is intended to operate only
■
according to the plan herein specified.
• n the event of the formation of a new
ouii y °r counties, they shall be entitled to
o n? mi m icr until the taking of the next cen-
si:s thereafter.
Wluch report, together with the statements
urmsaed by the Executive, were ordered to
rmteri, and the convention adjourned till
’’ <> ciock to-morrow morning. '
fThe w]lole of Thursday. Friday and Saturday,
md part of Monday, was spent in the discussion of
The 10 kb0V ° re P ort > iini1 numerous substitutes lor it of-
:re l by different gentlemen, all of which, together
ith the report itself, were rejected. The following,
proposed i>y Mr. Mays of De KJb, on Monday, was
aaopted, as will he seen, with some alteration in the
third and 4th sections.]
Sec. 1. The Semite shall be elected annu
ally on the 1st Monday in October until such
day ot election be altered by law, and shall
be composed of one member from each Sena
torial district to be chosen by the electors
thereof; which said Senatorial district shall
be formed by adding two contiguous counties
_ together throughout the state; without regard
You will see by 1 10 P°P ulutioo > as 18 hereafter specified and
J 1 refined ; the county of Murray excepted,
which shall constitute, together with such
ounty or counties as may be hereinafter
formed out of the territory now composing
the said county of Murray, one Senatori .1 dis.
trict. The whole number of districts shall
be 45 and no more ; and in the event ofthe
And
that no power of the Federal Government,
will ever be exerted to remove the inhabitants,
who have settled under the authority of the
State, &c. dec. I am engaged in using all
the means in my power,to counteract the mis
chievous influence, of the enemies of good or-
der in this half settled country.
But I consider it highly important, that you
bably be favorable to the claims of Holland.
Paris, March 30.—The following letter ad
dressed to M. Belmonlet, a man of letters,
will be read with interest i
London, March 20.
Sir—The unaccountable and too real pros
cription to which I and my family have been
subject for so many years. wUI prevent me , , h , d wMl m ,, „ tc( make such
betug present at the fe e tvhtch ts to a commute,,,,!, t. the Cherokees as shall
p ace for «he benefit of the ,mpr.soned pntn. „ end al| fa|se 8t „ rlca „ f the charac .
ots, and which ts to be pressed o™ by *h. £ pointed not. Such a communication should
illustrious friend of Washington and the Hon. | ^ p ub ]| c |y aad authentically made to the
„ , , ^ 0U are ® ne ° „. e whole people, who may assemble at their
Ste,yards 1 request ym to present my offet. counc , M , h of moathi „ is ^
ing. ihe bearer will deliver you to that ... .. , .,
~ J „ I mitted to your consideration, whether a corn-
effect a decoration of the Legion of Honor, • .. J c . ’ ., . - -
.... , ,. , , , 6 , . .,1 mumcation from you or the President of the
set in diamonds, which belonged to my broth- L /• . ,. . , ,
c .j , . • . l , I United States himself, might not-be made
er the Emperor Napoleon, which he * to the Cherokees most efiectnnUy.
in the camp at Boulogne, and during the cam- 1
paignofUlm and Austcrlitz, and which he
gave me on Ins return. I wish that the events
which it calls to mind, may so enhance its
value, as to render it of some utility to the
generous citizens who are the objects of the
fete. I add to this decoration the sum of
600 fr. for the same purpose.
Accept, etc.
Joseph Napoleon Bonaparte. .
The entertainment for the benefit of the
imprisoned patriots referred to in Joseph Na
poleon’s letter, was to have taken place in the
Salle Ventadour, but that building was re
fused by the Prefect of Police. A hotel, sit
uated in the rue de Sevres, has been hired for
the purpose, and the day that is fixed is said
to be the 7th of April.
Greece.—A letter ofthe 1st ult. from Nau-
plia,says: “ Greece has been divided into
three principal sections, namely (he Morea,
contiguous Senate.
upon the Cherokee lauds within the States of.
North Carolina and Tennessee, over which * on ° n ? w coailt > counties, the
the state laws have not been extended. The I e “ is ' ure d * e time ° suc ^ torm;ll| oi 1 shall
views of the Executive on this subject, have
been so well known, that it was not supposed
that any mistake could arise. If however, any
has arisen, it will be reared up by these in
structions. I am directed to communicate
attach the same to some
rial district.
2. The House of Representatives shall be
composed of members from all the counties
which now are or hereafter may be inclu.
led within this state, according to their res.
these facts to you, that you mdy be aware of. .. ,
the precise views of tlm PresiMot, ood that ““ rabors <">«-tile persons.
erroneous impressions I *• E»el. county contsinmg 4,000 while
At any rate, please to let me hear from you
immediately on this subject, for I deem it in
dispensable, at their approaching council, by
some means, to remove lhe idle delusion into
which these people are led, by the exertions
of bad men. If the copy of the letter wliich I
enclose you,be not a forgery,it deserves strong
reprehension. Such productio ns, from such
a quarter, arc most mischievous. With great
respect, your obedient servant,
WILSON LUMPKIN.
Here follows the letter above referred to.
(copy.) -
Department of War.
Office of Indianaffairs, March 14,1833
/ Sir—Your letter of the 8th inst. addressed
to the Secretary of War on the subject of in
trusion on Cherokee land by white citizens^
lias been referred to tliis office for reply.
It cannot be denied, that your complaints
Continental Greece and the Islands. Plal I are well founded, and that your, people have
pontas one of the three Commissioners sent sustiim ed injuries from the rapacity and law-
to Bavaria to congratulate the King, is ap- f !ess cortduct of our citizens. It is however
pointed Governor of the first division; Col- ,n somc degree an unavoidable evil incident to
letti ofthe second, and Zarai ofthe third the present condition of your tribe, and no
These appointments, as well as many others I kl ame > s foirlv attributable to the Department
sfiow that the first object of the Regency is I oa accoun t- It is due to the, Secretary
to calm the animosity, and put an and to the J °/ ^ ar * sa y 118 soon 38 he received no
dissension that separated the different par . tice of ‘“Anders having presented themselves
ties; nevertheless Colocotroni, and some of! on y° ur l and , he gave orders for their expul.
his wannest partizans have been put aside, s * on * These orders will now be repeated,
as well as others noted for their republican ^d a military force will forthwith be sent to
principles. V- ■ the assailed parts of your country, for the pur-
. rr> __ . ^ , ■ I pose of expelling and keeping off intruders.
AVFA.RS "F TCKEV.-The Augsburg Ga. Aud ordcrs wiU al S o begiiuu .o <llm District
“ 0 £*K 30th “ ^ T'T ,l,e ' ollomn ‘i Attorney of tho United States, to prosecute for
ofthe 7th lrcmConymtmople: •■The wind I trespass, all such' su mtty dare to return after
W8t.ll northeast, and proven, the Rutwmn ttcir CIpulsion . You caanot consider it a
teat I-tyi^re returning to the Black Swi. I misplaced assurance, audit is made With
Tlusw probtd>ly for our advantage The U 0 utmost sincerity, that the pepurtment
safety ofthe Sultan and the peace ofthe cap. cherishcs deep solic itude for the wcltare of
.tal appear to be mamtamed by them Pte , our Notio n, and will to the extent of its now.
ence, as there w comuderable ferment amen- erSj endeav „ r ta promote Wi|h hj h p
An Egyptian fleet w now crui. | pactj y 0ur humble servant,
ELBERT HERRING.
you may correct any
which may have been made, and which may
have a tendency to prevent a favorable decis
ion by the Cherokee council, which is about to
couveue. >
Very respectfully, your ob’t serv’t.
ELBERT HERRING.
Benj. F. Curry, Esq.
Department of War,
Office Indian affairs, May 1,1833.
Gentlemen—i have oeen directed by the
Secretary of War to acknowledge the receipt
of your letter to him of April 5th, aud to in
form you that no change whatever has taken
place i.i the opinions oi tne President so often
expressed to your people, ami so clearly sta.
team the letters to wuicu you allude irom tne
War Department of February the 2uu anu
20th, 1833, as weil us in previous conumuii-
persons shall be entitled to two members:—
an-i 9,000 to three and no more ; but each
county shall have at least one, and not more
than three members.
4. The whole uumber of members in the
House of Representatives shall never exceed
144, and if at any time by on increase of the
number of free white persons within the state,
the whole number of the House of Represen.
tatives, according to the ratio hereinbefore
specified would exceed 144, the legislature
may increase the ratio by law, so as to pro.
vent any excess of members beyond the said
number of 144.
>. The census shall be taken as herofo-
Fore once in every seven years, and the legis-
lature shall at its first session after the taking
of each census, apportion the members among
the several counties of this state, as is iierein-
catioas respecting the constitutional right of,, . .
tiie Executive to apply military force, to ^ before provided, according to the number of
removal of persons tirom any part ofthe indi-1 * ree white persons in each county
an country over which , the laws of tne proper
States have been extended. My letters to
Mr. Ross and others oi tne 14th of March,
and to Coiouci Montgomery dt 15th ot Mdrch,
were intended to refute solely to that pan of
the Cherokee country lying within the States
of North Carolina aud Tennessee, aud over
Mr. Springer, moved an amendment res-
chiding all property qualification in members
of either house.
After some conversation on points of order,
Mr. Mays’ substitute was taken up.
Mr. Hudson of Putnam, moved to iay it on
the table indefinitely. After a somewhat
which these States have not extended their P rotracted discussion of this motion by Mes-
The appointment of Jkfr. W. J. Duane, Esq. as Sec
retary of the United States Treasury, ia no longer
doubted. _ j'
Mr. D. is well known to our citizens as an old and
active democrat, and os a writer of considerable i»hil-
ity and xcpntrti<m.~PhiladelpM<l /hf» :
Radishes.—Most 6f our garden grounds
are too rich for the radish; and but few gar
dens are found that do not contain more or
less of the wire worm. Hence we are indu
ced to make experiments until we have rais-
*ed them at least semi-transparent and brittle
as glass. Our method is merely to mix two
parts of sand with one part of. common gar
den earth, and add a small quantity of stable
manure. Or earth of a clayey pature is pre
ferable to the garden earth. Since adopting
the above method we have not failed in a sin-
gle instance of raising an abundance of smooth,
clear, and fine flavored radishes.—ffing. Ga.
zette. •
jurisdiction. The whole views ofthe Execu
tive, were so well known lo your people, that
it was .iOi supposed tiiat any misapprehension
on mis subject, could have existed. Anu 1
am directed to state to you clearly, that the
opinions oi the i/Tcsiueut, heretoiore express
ed, are unchanged, and that no interierence
with the laws oi the respective States on tnis
subject, must be expected. These views
have been communicated to Col Montgomery,
though they Cannot be necessary for lus ac-
tiou m the,matter. And lam instructed fur.
ther to express to you the opinion of the Presi
dent, that the immediate removal of your peo
ple, in couionmty with tue very liberal terms
held out to them, oners the only prospect of
their perm .iient and prosperous establishment.
Very respectfully your ob’t. serv’t.
feLiiEKi HERRING.
John 'iiidge, Esq. and others, Head of Coosa.
the people.
zing before the port of Smyrna. Five thou-1
sand Arabs sufficed to take possession of that
city containing 60,000 inhabitants.—The
whole Asiatic population is for the Egyptians,
who act as independent masters in spite qFI
the assurances of the French Ambassador, [
Messrs. John Ross and others, Cherokee Delegates.
Department of War,
. ^ May 2, 1833.
Sir—I had the honor to receive y^ur let-
and appear to take no notice of his remon- ter of the 26th ult. together with the copy
strances. Ibrahim Pacha’s head quartejrs of one from the Commissioner of Indian Af-
are still at Koniali; but his army extends iu j fairs, dated March 14th, and addressed to
ail directions, whilst he .declares that every some of the principal men among the Chfero-
movement shall cease as soon, as he receives I kces.
the necessary instructions from Alexandria.” I Before the receipt of your letter, applica-
I tion had been made by some of the Cherokees,
Atrocious Murder.—The Federal Un. j to know whpther any change had taken place
ion states, that in the county, of Telfair, on in the opinion of the President, respecting
Monday evening, 29tbi pf April, as Capt. the constitutional right of the Executive to ru-
Hugh Cook waaretarnipg tyome from the yil-1 move persons from land, claimed by the In-
lage of Jacksonville, he wasW or waylaid, dians, where the laws ofthe State had been
as if is thought, by two l&idcfeants (as the I extended over such land. They stated, that
signs of two were distitietiy ’Jpihtf,) anrf ^hhot I they made the inquiry, because some of their
with a shot gun, about three aod a half miles I people had taiken up such an impression, foun-
firom the village; three of .lhe . shot entered I ded on the above letter of jthe Commissioner,
different parts of the body^ which disabled I Immediate measures were taken to correct
him so that he fell from his horse ;. his horse J this misapprehension, and explanatory letters,
was also wounded. He was fotihd the same copies of which, I have the honor to enclose,
everyng by-one of his negro who got the were written, and despatched to Col. Mont-
assistance of Mr. Leslie, tiiei nearest neigh-1 gomery, the Cherokee Agent, Major Curry,
bor, and carried him to his house. He was the special Agent, for emigration, and to the.
speechless from the moment he was fpund, Cherokee persons, who sought the informu-’
and died at the house of Mr Leslie on the tion. These' letters will undoubtedly remove
morning ofthe 1st instant. , . J any errors, which may have prevailed, and
REDUCTION CONVENTION.
srs. Oliver, Blacksheat of Laurens, Single,
toil, Jackson, Gilmer, and Branham for, and
Harris of Walton, Stewart, Kenan, Wood,
Wofford, Fort anti Blair, against the motion,
it'wus withdrawn.
Mr. Hull, then moved to strike out the
word “two” us the number of counties to com-
pose a Senatorial district, and insert “ three.”
Mr. Blair, called for a division" ofthe ques
tion.
Motion to strike out lost, yeas, 114, nays,
128.
The Convention took a recess till three
o’clock •
i EVENING SITTING.
Mr. M ys’ resolution bei. g under consid-
eration, Mr. Bowen of Carroil offered the fol
lowing amendment.
, The Senate shall consist of 36 members
to be elected from separate Senatorial dis
tricts in the following manner: Twenty two
districts of 22 counties each,-eleven districts
Weanesaay, May tith.—Mr. Dawson moved to of three counties each, and three districts of
reconsider me vote of yesteraay whicu rei us- bur counties each, to be composed of con
ed to aumit the delegates ot Murray county to tiguous counties.
their seats. Lost on division. After argument by Messrs. Dawson and
The Secretary read a statement from the Nisbet, in support, and Mr. Harris of Wal.
Executive, exhibiting the amount of Taxes ton, against it, the amendment was lost-Yeas,
paid by eacu comity. : - 93 ; Nays, 150.
Messages irom the Executive to say that The question was then put on the first
stationary, &c. and a tabular statement ot section of Mr. Mays’substitute and carried,
the population, would be furnished as reques-1 yeas, 162, nays 81.
ted. 1 The second section, being now under con-
The Committee of 27- appointed yesterday, sideration, Mr. Dawson, moved to strike out
made the toliowuig report. « f ree white persons,” and . insert « federal
BASIS OF REDUCTION I numbers,” This motion was debated by
OJ the Memoers oj the senate and House qf \ Messrs. Gilmer., Daniel and'Cruv.ferd for,
liepresentatives of Georgia,as reported ay the and Sturges, Harris of Walton, Clarke, and
Committee <y 27. Kenan, against striking out, and lost—Yeas
c 1. lhe Senate snail consist of thirty-fax I 123, Nays 126.
members. YEAS.—Messrs. Allen. Andrews, Bacon,
2. The House of Representatives shall con- Baylev, Bartlettj Barnes, Barksdale, Black-
sist Oi one hundred and iprty-four Members shear'of Laurens, Blackshear of Thomas,
aud no mbr5, except as is pereuiafter pro- Bond of Henry, Bond of Lee, Branham,
vided. ’ Brown, Avne, Carter, Chambers,; Clark of
3. The day after it is announced to the Camden, Connelly, Cooper ot Gly nn, Cooper
General. Assembly that the people nave rati- of Putnam, Cox of Oglethorpe, Crawford of
tied this amendment of the Constitution, they
snail assemble in the Representative Cnam
her anil proceed as one body to provide tor
the layiug out oi the stale into thirty-six sen-
atonal districts, which shall be composed oi
contiguous 'counties,, and in as compact a
form as practicable, and each district shall be
entitled to one Senator.
4. Each county shall be entitled to one
Representative. .
5. Ofthb fifty-five remaining Members-—
Columbia, Crawford of Hancock, Crawford of
Newton, Crawford of Oglethorpe, Crane,
Crocker Cam, Daniel of Chatham, Dawson,
Derntis, Elfe Bvaus, Ezzunl, Fannin, Flem-
ing ofLibert'V Fori of Baldwin, Foster, Free,
man ' Geraldine, Gilmer, B. Greene, Thos.
Greene. Gray. Could, Hall of Meriwether,
Hamilton of Troup, Hay, P. W. Hemphill
Hill of Jasper. Hill of Warren, Holt, Holsey,
Hull, Hudson, Huson. Irwin of Cass, Iverson,
Jackson, Janes, Johnson of Taliaferro, Joitf*
Gi
if*.. .•