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V.'IMIM XXIX—NUMBER 47.
ATHENS, CLARK COUNTY, GEO. JANUARY 30, 1861.
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(Iron Hi of Anti-Coercion Feeling in
the North.
from the Albany Atlas, Jan. 1ft.
The question is not, as in 1832, be
tween nil the Union anti South Caro
lina! It is between the Southern na
tion—twelve States and twelve mil
lions of people—and what is left of the
Confederacy.
Shall we talk of coercing such a
nation ? England could not subdue
thief millions of colonists, Revolu
tionary France could not quell the
loyalists of ha Vendee—not by armies,
nor the guillotine, nor fusillades. If
the attempt is made, New York will
not be an accomplice in it—certainly
not the democracy of New York.
From the N. Y. Daily News, Jan. lfl.
The number of armed men at the
command of seceding States, as well
as the numerous forts and arsenals in
their hands, forcibly indicate the mag
nitude of the war on which the coer-
rionists would have us enter. The
sacrifice of human life on a battle
field composed of such belligerents as
wotthl meet, were the North arrayed
against the South, would be greater
than that of Magenta or Solferino.—
Aftera famous European fight some
years since, an American statiseian
successfully demonstrated the fact that
util soldiers light twice as hard Euro
peans. If this be the case in a war
where the enemies are, or were, fel
low citizens. It requires no iogical
abilities to realize the destructive na
ture of such a contest as a conflict be
tween the Northern and Southern
States would involve. It would be
more calamitous than anything that
the most abject submission to “South
ern domination” could eventuate. It
would make America a land ol wid
ows.
It is the cool consideration by hon
est men of these facts that causes anti-
coereion sentiments to grow daily
from Maine to California. Nor are
they the only points that might be urg
ed in the cause of peace. Xirginia,
Tennessee, Maryland, and North Car
olitta—four rich and powerful States
—are still in the Union, and may re
main in it. The first drop of South
ern blood spilt will inevitably drive
them out. Then, indeed, will the dis
ruption of the glorious United States
have been accomplished with a ven
geance. Then will there be no voice
south of Mason and Dixon’s line to
utter one word for the Constitution and
the Union. Hence the anti-coercion
feeling and the cause for it. Those
who advocate war, yet talk about pre
serving the Union, have as little sense
or honesty as the maniac who, while
bewailing in public the curse of drun
kenness, drank himself to delirium jn
private. By far the most influential
aVt’ocates for a quiet settlement of
pending difficulties are the meetings
hie than so many white men, as they
can be employed to do all the drudge
ry of the campaign—the building of
eaith-works, bearing of burdens, and,
inshoit, almost everything hut the ac
tual fighting, for which latter service
said States could easily set on foot a
quarter of a million of able-bodied men,
inured to the climate, which would
prove fatal to Northern Wide-Awakes
who should attempt to remain there
through the hot season. But enough
of this. XYe will only add, that a
resort to coercion, which appears to
be the determination of the republi
cans when they come into power
few weeks hence, will bring nearly or
quite ali the other slaveholding States
to the support of those which are at
tacked, and thus the nation will be
divided into two parts, as nearly equal
in respect to population, territory, and
resources, as will be necessary to en
sure a protracted and terribly bloody
fratricidal war.
\Yc have already intimated our be
lief that much of the zeal which is
manifested tun eng certain classes all
over the North, including many nolo
rious law-breakers, for the faithful ex
ecution of the laws in South Carolina
and other seceding Slates, is only an
out-cropping of that intense hatred
against the South which thirty years
cultivation has produced. At first,
such malignity is measurably satisfied
by hard words and foul imputations.—
But as it becomes more fiendish and
diabolical, it craves higher-seasoned
food. It longs to ge at its victim with
a butcher-knife. It thirsts for blood.
John Brownisin affords a temporary
relief, but it is a hazardous business,
and too circumscribed. Murder by
wholesale is what is wanted by the
class ol fanatics to whom we allude ;
and a war, which would make the
slaughter legal, [recollect their sacred
regard for la\v,| and not expose their
own precious lives to danger, would
be just the tiling.* A war, too, osten
sibly to preserve the Union and en
force the laws! Could anything be
more exactly in point ?
But this is not all. The view of
these fanatics is not confined to the
butchery of masters, it looks also to
insurrection among the slaves. It is
John Brownisin.on a lntge scale.—
And what an opportunity to inaugu
rate it, with the power" and purse of
the Government to support the move
ment ! Already the legislatures of
several States, including, we are asham
ed to say, the State of New York, are
proffering aid, or have resolutions be
fore them for that end. Major General
Sanford has tendered the services of
his noble division for this inglorious
business of attempting to compel by
force ol arms a number of unwilling
States to submit to black-republican
rule—some speciincnts to which have
been seen and felt in this city within
the last few years. Doubtless that
splendid division would go to the
death for the country in case of a for
eign invasion, but we are not so sure
that they will like the fun of bayonet
ing their own brethren and fiiends,
the good and true men of the South,
who first scaled the walls of the cita
del of Monterey, turned the tide of
battle at Buena Vista, anti who have
always and everywhere done their part
towards sustaining the honor of their
country against every foreign foe.—
Nay, who have faithfully complied with
the stipulations of the Constitution,
even when the North was denying
them equal rights in the common Ter
ntorieS, practically refusing '.o surren
der their fugitive slaves, and, by means
of underground rail-roads and John
Brown raids, adding to the number of
such fugitives daily.
been unlawfully seized with hostile
intentions:
And, whereas, further, Senators in
Congress avow and maintain their
treasonable acts; therefore,
Resolved, (if the Senate concur,)
That the Legislature of New York,
profoundly impressed with the value
of the Union, and determined to pre
serve it unimpaired, bail with joy the
recent firm, dignified, and patriotic
special message of the President of the
United States, and that we tender to
him, through the chief magistrate of
our own State, whatever aid, in men
and money, he may require to enable
Unable to comprehend the signifi
cance of tiie movement, Mr. Lincoln
is reported to have congratulated him
self upon the retirement of Senators
who might have been expected to ob
struct the proposed anti-slavery ap
pointments.
To those who scan events more
closely, the withdrawals of yesterday,
succeeding others at short distance,
cannot but suggest painful emotions.
It were bad enough, if in the ordinary
mutations of politics the Senate were
being stripped of its most illustrious
members ; statesmen who have earned
distinction by the ability, the patriot-
ly devoted to the service of his divine essential to the success of our experi-
Masler. The clergyman replied that , merit. Georgia has spoken—as a loy
him to enforce the laws and uphold jistn, and the purity of their career, and
the authority of the Federal Govern
ment. And that in defenee ot “the
more perfect Union,” which has con
ferred prosperity and happiness upon
the American people, renewing the
pledges given and redeemed by our
fathers, we are ready to devote “our
fortunes, our lives, and our sacred
honor” in upholding the Union and
the Constitution.
Resolved, (if the Senate concur,)
That the Union-loving representatives
ol Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North
Carolina, Kentucky, Missouri and Ten
nessee, who labored with devoted cour
age and patriotism to withhold their
States from the vortex of secession,
are entitled to the gratitude and admi
ration of the whole people.
Resolved, (if the Senate concur,)
That the Governor be respectfully re
quested to forward, forth with, copies
of the foregoing resolutions to the
President of the Nation anti the Gov
ernor of the States of the Union.
The proceeding, preamble and res
olutions were duly passed.
By order, A. A. Risi.ey, Cl’k.
In the Senate, Jan. 11,1861, the
proceedings, preamble and resolutions
were duly passed. By order,
James Terwilligeb, Clerk.
The above resolutions were adopted
by the New York Legislature and sent
to Gov. Brown, by Gov. Edward D.
Morgan, of New York.
On the reading of the message and
the accompanying resolutions, Mr.
Toombs ol Wilkes, offered the follow
ing resolution, which was adopted with
out a dissenting vote:
Resolved, Unanimously, In response
to the resolutions of New York referred
to in the Governor’s message, that this
Convention highly approves the ener
gctic and patriotic conduct of Gover
nor Brown in taking possession of Fort
Pulaski, by Georgia troops, and request
him to hold possession until the rela
tions of Georgia with the Federal Gov
eminent he determined by this Con
vention, and that a copy of ibis reso
lution be transmitted to the Governor
of New York.
whose voices have been ever potent in
opposition to the current demagoguisrn
of the day. But the spectacle witness
ed yesterday, and to be witnessed
again ere many days pass over, is far
more solemn, in its character. It tells
of the reality of disunion. It test fies
to the fact that the Union has been
broken—that there will henceforth be
separate confederacies—and that men
who have adorned the councils of the
country under the Union are now en-
nged in the work of building up an
other organization, and conduct™
anew the experiment of self-govern
ment, tree from the sectional animosi
ties which have produced the present
wreck.— Washington Constitution, 2‘2d
inst.
Tiie Ladies of Tallahassee—We
have been kindly furnished, by Gov
Perry, with the following correspond
ence for publication. It shows that the
ladies of Tallahassee are ready to com
pete with ti e ladies of other sections
of the State, in their patriotic devotion
to the interests of the State.—Floridian
Tallahassee, Jan. 11, 1861
Gov. M. S. Perry—1 am requested
by the ladies of my family to tender to
you their services in any marine
in which they may Le available to the
State of Florida in pre paring the troops
for the field of battle.
Very respectlully,
Rouket XV. Williams.
The ladies of my family are—Mrs.
Gencial II. XV. Williams, Miss Maltha
O’Brien, and Miss Fanny O’Brien of
Tennessee.
which have just been held in the com
inertial cnpitols of the two greatest
Northern States, New York and Fen
nsylvania. The resolutions adopted
the latter have the ring of the true
The speakers contended that coer
cion was inexpedient and dangerous,
a „d that the South had good and just
cause to complain, and recommended
that a convention of the people be im
mediately called to declare to the
South that Pennsylvania is for them
Kr»m th<- N. V. J< mu ft I of Commerce, Jon. 18
'The true method, we take it, is to
look at the case as now presented, not
in the Mit of the Constitution, (which,
a s it contemplated no such complica-
n, provides no key for its solution,)
110
but Vs a naked fact', with which
remaining States, through the Nation
n | Government, have to do
secession, or revolution if you please,
but tlo not belittle it by calling it
simple breach of the laws. It is
great movement, as they will find who
undertake to suppress it by force of
Already the States of South
arms.
and Mis-
OAiolinn, Florida, Alabama,
sissippi, comprising ^ population^of
near 2,500,000, have formally declar
ed themselves out of the Union; and
if Georgia, Louisiana, and lexas fol
low their example, as it is most prob
able they will within three weeks from
the present date, the seceded popula
tion will appioach 5,000,000, and the
area ofthe seceded territory will be
more than 600,000 square miles, with
a sea coast greater than that of all the
Atlantic States which will then remain
in the Union. The white population
of those seven States U greater than
d,e whole population of the United
States at the date ofthe Revolution
and a more heroic set of men do not
exist on the face of the earth, lhe
nee roes, instead ot being a drawback
upon the strength of whiles, os many
•rsniis at the North seem to suppose.
The New York Resolutions.
The following message from his Ex
cellency, Joseph E. Brown, Governor,
in response lo certain resolutions of
the Convention was transmitted by Col.
II. II. XVaters, his private Secretary,
Saturday last:
Executive Department, \
5, I860. /
Milledgevilt.e, Jan. 1S
To the Convention :
In response to the resolution deliv
ered to me by your Secretary on yes
terday, 1 have the honor to state that
I have no official information in my
possession of a character not generally
made public, which would in my opin
ion, facilitate the deliberations, anti ac
tions of the Convention.
The original ordinance by which this
State ratified the Constitution of the
United Slates has not, it seems, been
preserved.
I find a printed copy ot it, however,
in a supplement in the Journal of the
Federal Constitution, from vvhich the
copy is taken which is herewith trans
mitted.
Though not strictly in response to
the cull made upon me, I take the lib
erty to lay before the Convention an
original letter from the Govern Ctftff the
State of New York, accompanied by
certain joint resolutions passed by the
Legislature of that State, on the 1 Ith
day of this month, which was received
at this Department by the mail of yes
terday. Joseph E. Brown.
The resolutions adopted by the Leg
islature of New X’ork and alluded to in
above message of the Governor are as
follows:
* STATE OF NEW YORK, \
In Assembly, Jan. -11, 1801. j
XX’hcreas, Treason, as defined by the
Constitution ol the United States exists
in one or more of the States of this
Confederation, and
Whereas, The insurgent State of
South Carolina, afler seizing the post-
offices, custom house, moneys, and
fortifications of the Federal Govern
ment, has, by firing into a vessel order
ed by the Government to carry troops
and provisions to Fort Sumter, virtual
The Offer of New York Troops.
The recent tender of the services of
the First Division of New York State
troops by Maj. Gen. Sanford lo Gov.
Morgan, seems to have created con
siderable dissatisfaction among the
rank and file of the Division. The
Herald contains a column of commu
nications expressing indignation at the
General’s course, of which the follow
ing is a sample:
1 see by your morning’s issue that
Maj. Gen. Sanford lias, with the con
currence of the Division Board of Offi
cers, tendered tc Gov. Morgan the
services of the entire First Division,
for any duty the present emergency
may require. Now I would like to
know what authority Maj. Gen. San
ford, or the Division Boaid ol Officers,
has to offer the services of the New
York State Militia without the consent
of each regiment, which I know, has
not been obtained ; and I think there
aic many who would object to go so
long as the Republicans persist in dis
franchising the South of her rights.—
And I would like to ask if it would not
be imprudent or. the part of Maj. Gen.
Santoid, under the present excited state
of public feeling existing in the city, to
order military out of New X'ork ? It
seems to me the action of Maj. Gen.
Sanford confirms what I have often
seen in some of the New York papers,
of his utter incapacity to fill the high
position he now occupies.
Among a number of similar com
munications in the Journal of Com
merce, we find the following from a
member of the gallant “Seventh
General Sanford has offered the ser
vices of the First Division of the N. XL
S. Malitia to the Governor ofthe State,
should he be called upon to assist in
maintaining the integrity of the Union.
X’cry patriotic—or very ambitious to
see bis name in the papers ; hard to
determine which. Better wait till lie
receives orders to offer that which lie
has no authority of himself to grant.—
The First Division would no doubt he
prompt to render any aid in their pow
er to maintain the integrity of the Un
ion, which is dear as life to most of
them. But I, for one, as an oil mem
ber, would like to say that if the fourth
of March should come round without
proper concessions having been made
—concessions just, lawful and consti
tutional, to allay the storm and guar
antee seenrity to every one of the Slates
of this Union—L would be happy to
join the First Division aud proceed to
Washington to stay the inauguration
of the power which has caused the de
plorable state of affairs now existing,
till sufficient guarantee is given that
the agitating causes will be ignored,
and the rendering of the Constitution,
as it has always been interpreted by
the Supreme Court ofthe United States,
he conceded.
Executive Chamber, i
Tallahassee, Jan. 14, 1861. t
Gen. R. XV. Williams—Dear iSir—
Your note, tendering in behalf of Mrs.
Gen. R. XV. Williams, and the Misses
O’Brien, of Tennessee, their services
in fitting out the troops for tiie field of
battle, is received and duly ’apprecia
ted. Return my thanks in behalf of
the State, and assure the ladies’of your
your family that, it occasion requires, 1
wiil most cheerfully avail myself of their
services. X’ery respectfully,
M. S. Perry.
Tallahassee. Jan. 14, 1SG1.
The ladies of iny family tender their
services to Gov. Periy, for the purpose
of aiding in making up uniforms for
the troops, or in any way that may be
useful. Very respec tfully.
Robert Gamble
I give the names of the ladies—Airs
Col. Robert Gamble, Mrs C. J. Shep
aid, Mrs. L. G. Ilolladay, Mrs Carey
B. Gamble, Mrs Co! Robert Howard
Gamble.
he tvas governed by his own sense of
propriety, and that he would permit no
puppy to speak to him in that manner.
To this, a blow was the only reply.
A dreadful fight was the consequence,
which continued for the space of thirty
minutes, at the end of which time the
layman was forced to cry, “hold—
enough!’’
The battle ended, and the preacher,
with an injured face, walked home in
triumph.
News of the quartel spread like wild
lire through the congregation. Old la
dies put on their bonnets and ran all
over the city to hear the particulars ;
fast young men called on the reverend
gentleman, complimenting him highly
for having behaved so well, and left
rim with the assurance of their regard
and distinguished consideration.
The Sunday following, the church
was filled to excess—all anxious to
hear the minister’s explanation. Peo
ple of all lanks, all conditions, men,
women and children, saints and sin
ners, professors of the manly art of
self-defence, all individuals who, until
that time, knew not what the inside of
a church was made ot, were assembled
there.
Just as the great bell struck for the
last time, the c ergyman entered tin
church. Deliberately he wended hi
way to the pulpit and calmly contem
plated the scene before him.
The choir sang the psalm commenc
ing with,
“Blest is the man wlio slums the place
\\ litre sinners love to meet ”
Alter which the preacher made a shoit
and fervent prayer. He then took his
text and delivered the following ad
dress, which was handed to ns by
gentleman who was present:
Brethren—We are commanded to
love our enemies, and to respect those
who despitetully use us. It is our du
ty to do so. Forgiveness is the finest
quality iu the Christian character,
distinguishes him from all others, and
causes him to be looked upon with res
pect and admiration. He who is able
forgive an injury is more than a
man, because he rises far above his
fellows, and is conscious of possessing
parts to which others are strangers. In
my short, chequered career, I have al
ways endeavored to overlook every lit
tle injury l have received. In most
instances I have been successful—thus
proving that the immortal and the
Christian rises far above the mere man.
But, my dear brethren, it has not al
ways been the case. Frequently my
proud heart and violent passions pre
vail over the commands of wisdom anti
the voice of prudence. A few days
since I forgot my position and struck
the offender. I am well aware that we
are commanded when smitten on the
right cheek to turn the left; and 1
think it proper to do so ; hut, my breth
ren, “when a man undertakes to cave in
my head, I'm there !''
The sporting characters present gave
three teuific yells, which created so
much confusion that the services inune
diately concluded for that day.
Executive Chanrer, )
Tallahassee, Jan. It, 1861. j
Col. Robert Gamble —Dear Sir:—
Your very patriotic note of this date,
tendering the services of the ladies of
your family in making uniforms,
for the use of troops, is just received,
and allow me to tender to you, and
through you to Mrs. L'oi Robert Gam
ble, Mrs. C. J. Sheparu, Mrs. L. G.
Holliday, Mrs. Carey B. Gamble, and
Mrs. Col. Robert Howard Gamble, lire
thanks of myselt an 1 the State over
which I have the honor to preside, and
assure them that they will be accepted
as cordially as offered, when the ne
cessity arises. X ery respectfully,
M. S. Perry
Lieut. Gen. Scott Burned in
Effigy at the University of X’irgin-
Ia.— University of Virginia, January
13, 1861.—Gen. Scott was burnt last
night in effigy, by the students, amid
repeated cheers for Toombs and the
seceding States, and groans for Major
Anderson. A card was placed over
the effigy, on which was written :
“WINFIELD SCOT T,
VY ould-he
DICTATOR AND DESPOT.”
When the effigy was fully consum
ed, the students retired would man
ifesting their excitement by rioting—
be it said to their credit.
1. declared war:
IviU be in some respects more valua :
And, whereas, the forts and proper
ty ofthe United States Government in
Georgia, Alabama and Louisiana have
Tennessee Moving for Secession
—Hun. Senator Borland distinguished
co-operatinnist, ot Tennessee, writes to
his paper, the Memphis Enquirer, from
Washington City, in which he advises
Tennessee to act immediately. that
“war is at her door.” That Tennessee
must go with the North or tho South.
He says: _ *
As to Atuly Johnson, F.inerson
Etheridge, and the lew who in the
base hope of getting office under linroln
sympathise with them in their Black
Republican proclivities, let them pray
emigrate,.before tho fate ol‘ the tones of p> c | (
the Revolution overt ikes them. But
as for Tennessee, as a State, and nine
hundred tynd ninety-nine out of every
thousand oilier people, arc all Southern
iu principle, in interest iu honor, in
feeling and iu destiny. As such,
every man is expected to do his duty
and woe to him who ails to do it. Time
was when *e might fairly and safely
differ among ourselves upon- questions
of policy, but that time is now past,
the issue upon us is one of life and
death; and to doubt, uuw which side
to take, is to Le dannod. 'Tho enemy
is at ottr door, and ire who is not for us
is against us.
A Significant Remark.—Lieut.
Talbot, of the United States Army,
one of the subordinates of Major An •
derson, and who recently proceeded
on a mission to Washington for further
instructions with regard to Fort Sum
ter, said to a gentleman in Charleston,
while in transitu for his destination,
that “if he returned with orders to his
commanding officer to hold Fort Sum
ter at all hazards, he should regard
himself as bringing back the death
warrant of himself and his comrades
in arms.’’
Au Imposing Scene*
Senators Davis, Yulee, Mallory,
Clay, and Fitzpatrick yesterday for
mally withdrew from the chamber in
which they have honorably represented
States. There are now ten vacant
seats in the Senate; ten mute witness
es to the reality of secession. Four
others, perhaps six, will he speedily
added.
The Fighting Preacher.
XVc have heard an excellent story of
a reverend gentleman, once a citizen
of Pittsburg:
He was what the !!ndies call a “dear
good man,’’ and the young misses
“a duck of a fellow.” His charity
was not confined to those who vvpre
bis immediate followers, and in all the
private relations of life he bore the
character .of an honest and upright man
It is said, however, that he possessed
a violcut temper, and when anything
disagreeable occurred, behaved in a
manner by no means: clerical.
On one occasion, a member of lhe
congregation, as passionate as himseif,
reproved him for using language*™ the
pulpit highly improper in itself, and al-
j together unbecoming to one profess
THE GEORGIA STATE COMENTIOX.
FIFTH DAY.
Mii.ledgeviu.e, Jan. 21.—The con
vention met at 10J o’clock, and after
er went into secret session until 11
lock, whenthe doors of the galler
ies were opened. The crowd was so
great that the representatives of the
press were compelled to stand.
Great efforts had been previously
made, so we were informed, whilst the
Convention was in secret session, to
obtain unanimity among members in
signing the Ordinance. Several dis
tinguished gentlemen, whose names
we are not at liberty to make use of,
made stirring appeals to the conven
tion for unanimity of action. Several
of those who advocated co-operation,
generously came forward and said that
they honestly differed on the point of
immediate secession, and that Geor
gia’s voice was their voice, her people
their people, her destiny flieir destiny,
and they would sign it, and moreover
that they pledged “their lives, their for
tunes, and their sacred honor,” to de
fend and protect Georgia in tile asser
tion of her independence.
VVhen the doors of the galleries were
opened, Judge Liutou Stephens arose
and said':
Mr. President, my judgment has dif
fered with that of a majority of this
convention, but as much as jt differed,
yet I am a Georgian, and love her wel
fare. However much we may have
differed iii judgment, yet we all desire
the same thing—the promotion of her
best interest. I believe, Mr President,
tbaLuuanimity in our action is almost
1 son I bow before her behests. [Ap
plause.! Come weal, come woe, come
good report or bad report—come war,
pestilence or famine, I am with Georgia
in the struggle. I shall sign the Or
dinance.
Resolution oj Judge J\iisbet.—lion.
A. Nisbet, of Bibb, introduced the
following resolution which, I under
stand, was dralted by Hon. A. H-
Stephens, and his brother, Lintun
Stephens:
Whereas, the lack of unanimity in
the action of this Cenvention, on the
passage of the Ordinance of Secession,
ndicates a difference of opinion among
the members—not so much as to the
rights which Georgia claims, or the
wrongs of which she complains, as to
the remedy and its applications before
a resort to other means of redress ;
and whereas, it is desirable to give
expression to that intention, which
really exists among all the members of
Convention, to sustain the State in the
course of action which she has p.o-
nounced to be proper for the occasion;
therefore, be it
Resolved, That all the members of
the convention, including those who
voted against the ordinance of seces
sion, as well as those who voted lor
it, will sign the same as a pledge of
unanimious determination of the Con
vention to sustain and defend the State
in this, her remedy, with all its res
ponsibilities and consequences,witliout
regard to individual approval or disap-
piov.il ot its adoption.
Mr. Jackson of XVhitfield, moved to
amend the same by inserting in the
body ofthe same “all are invited, &c.
The amendment was accepted.
On motion, the rules were suspend
ed and the resolution was taken up.
The same, as amended, was then
adopted with butjtvvu dissenting voices.
Ex-Gov. Johnson, of Jefferson, said :
“Mr. President, I was willing to sign
the Ordinance previous to the passage
of this resolution, but now I sign
with double cheerfulness.”- [Applause
fiom the galleries.]
Mr Shropshire then introduced a
resolution that a Committee be appoint
ed to report an Ordinance to reduce
the number of members of the General
Assembly. The preamble of the reso
lution asserts that the State will be
called upon to sustain great expense
and that we should now commence, if
possible, to curtail our expenditures in
the administration of State Government
Under the rules of the Convention, this
resolution lies over a day
Mr. Cobb, of Clarke, offered a reso
lution that the the Committee on For
eign Affairs (when appointed) be in
tructed to uominate two proper persons
to represent the State of Georgia as
Commissioners to the Conventions
the States of Louisana and Texas,soon
to meet.
He moved to suspend the rules and
take up the resolution. lie said that
the subject ought to be acted on iin
mediately, as those Conventions both
meet this week. The rules were sus
pended and the resolution adopted.
Mr Martin, of Lumpkin, said: “Mr,
Prestden*, my feelings, from the open
ing of this convention, have been with
tiie majority. From this lime I am with
them, heart and soul, in anything for
the good of Georgia. [Applause.]—
But, Mr President, I have a duty
perform in obedience to the wishes of
my people, and to fulfil pledges I hav
made to them. I offer a resolution in
the hands of the Secretary, and I hop-
you will give it a lair hearing.
The Secretary read as follows:
“Resolved, That the Governor be
required to advertise an election to be
held on the 20th day of February next
and that the persons entitled to vote
for members of the General Assembly
be required to endorse on their tickets
‘Secession’ or ‘No secession,’ and that
a return thereof be made to the Gover
nor, who is instructed, if on counting
out the ballots, a majority is found to
be in favor of secession, then to an
nounce the same by proclamation ; if a
majority are against secession, then
the Ordinance of Secession, passed
and ratified this day, be void and of no
ellect, and the Governor is hereby in
structed to call this body again togeth
er to decide as to some other mode
resistance.” [This is about the sub
stance of Mr Martin’s resolutions.]
On motion the rules were suspend
ed, the resolution taken up and lost by
a large majority.
The hour of 12 o’clock M. having
arrived, the President announced that
the signing the Ordinance would be
commenced.
A committee called on his Excellen
ey Governor Brown, and in a few mo
ments he came in, together with sev
eral Judges of the Supreme and Supe
.ior Courts, who took seats near the
clerk's desk. An ineffectual attempt
was made to have the signing done
proudest day of their life. Every man j white persons in the State on that day,
used his own pen and put it in his whether native or foreign, who were
• ’■ twenty-one years of age, citizens. Ke-
pocket as soon as rendered sacred by
the act. None of them would part
with them under any eirenmstances.
They intend them to be heir-looms in
their families.
The signing occupied five hours and
the convention adjourned about five
o'clock.
All the members have signed except
ten, some of whom were absent at the
time of the calling of the counties. All
of them except two or three, it may be
all of them, will sign it to-morrow.
the eastern portico of the Capital so
that the large crowd who desired to be
present might witness it. But objec
tion was raised, as the confusion would
be so great as to consume time.
The Secretary then descended from
hts desk and came down near the table
prepared for the occasion, and with
the paichment in his hand, now render
ed sacred in the eye ot every Georgian,
called out “ Mr. President.”
Hon. George XV Crawford, qf Rich
mond, President of the cdBTention,
arose and said, that each delegate
would sign as the name of his county
was called. lie then took his seat at
the table, which was covered with a
rich damask covering, and with a good
Southern goose quill signed in bold
characters “Geo. W. CYawford.”—
Amidst bursts of applause he resumed
his seat. It was a solemn hour, and
all felt sad. No tears were shed. The
hour for that has passed. No one re
grets the act, whilst there are but few
who did not regret the necessity of it.—
All stepped forward as if it was the
SIXTH DAY.
MilledgkvilLf., Ga., Jan. 22, lSGl.
—The Convention met at 101 o’clock,
and alter prayer went into secret ses
sion. The doors of the galleries were
thrown open at IU o’clock, where
amidst a large crowd, standing up, 1
obtained the following :
Mr. Cochran, ol XX’ilkinson, offered
resolution that Georgia is entitled to
her share of the public property and
that the Governor call the Legislature
together to make a peaceable division
of the same. Lies on the table for
one day under the resolution.
The resolution of Mr. Shropshire, of
Floyd, in reference to appointing a
Committee with power to report an or
dinance tc reduce the number of the
General Assembly was read.
Mr. Benning, of Muscogee, moved
to refer it to the Committeee on Laws.
Lost.
Mr. Shropshire moved to insert sev
en as the number of the Committee.
Several amendments were offered.
The blank was then filled by inserting
“two from eaeh Congressional Dis
trict.”
The Resolution as amended was
dopted.
The Resolution of Mr. Cobb, of
Clark, laid on the table yesterday, (as
wrote you,) to instruct the Committee
on Foreign Affairs (when appointed)
to suggest the names of two fit and
11 proper persons to represent the State
of Georgia before the Conventions of
Louisiana and of Texas, and to invite
them to mtet Georgia and the other
Southern States in Congress.
The whole matter was submitted to
the Committee on Federal Affairs with
out instructions, but to report what
might seem to them proper.
Mr. Cobb, of Clark, seemed to de
sire that the gentlemen sent as Com
missioners, inviting the Southern States
should invite all, but only those who
had seceded should have any voice in
the new government. The Committee
to whom it is referred will doubtless
so report.
Mr. X'arnadoe, of Liberty, reported
an Ordinance to take into the employ
of Georgia all natives in Georgia who
may now be in the service of the Uni
ted States in the Army or Navy, at the
same salaries. Referred to Commit
tee on Military Affairs.
Mr. Chastain of Fannin, reported an
Ordii.ance, That the State of Georgia
assume the payment of all contracts for
mails within her borders.
He said the ordinance was i uperfect,
and that he only reported this so that
the proper committee might report an
ordinance to carry out his design. The
whole matter was then referred to the
Committee on Postal Affairs.
Mr. Simmons, of Gwinnett, rose and
said:
Mr. President.—On yesterday cer
tain members of this Convention refus
ed to sign the Ordinance cf secession.
I was among that number. XX r e did
not sign that instrument because we
thought the Ordinance was impolitic,
and preferred co-operation with our
Southern sisters. But, Mr. President,
we are Georgians, and however much
we may have differed as to the policy
ofthe act, yet we bov before her will
and submit to the ac tion jof her Con
vention. XX T e desire unanimity. VX’e
are unwilling to let our N orthern friends
think for one moment, that any portion
of the people ot Georgia will stand by
and see her invaded, and her sover
eignty for one moment questioned.—
I have«conversed with the distinguish
ed gentleman, (Hon. E. A. Neshit, of
Bibb,) who reported the Ordinance ot
secession, and wish to report to this
Convention a protest, as to this action,
yet binding “ourselves, our lives, our
fortunes, and our sacred honors,” to
defend and uphold her in this very
step. I ask it as justic e, not .is a fa
vor, that this, a protest ot some of
your members, respectful in its char
acter, be allowed to be spread on your
Journal.
Objections were raised as to the re
ception. Mr. Shropshire hoped that
gentlemen would allow this paper, for
the sake of harmony, to go on the re?
cord, and moved to receive it as suen.
Mr. Benning of Muscogee, seconded
the motion. The motion was put ar.d
carrieJ.
The pretest is in these words:
"We, the undersigned, Delegates to
the Convention of the State of Geor
gia, now in session, whilst we most
soimenly protest agaist-lbe action of
the majority in adopting an Ooidinance
for the immediate and seperate seces
sion of this State, would have prefer-
redrthe policy of co-operation with our
Southern sister States, yet as good cit-
zens, we yield to the will ot the ma
jority of her people, as expressed by
their Representatives, and we het eby
pledge “our lives, our fortunes, and
our sacred honor,” to the defenc:: of
Georgia, if necessary, against hostile
invasion from any source whatever.
James P. Simmons. Gwinnett.
Thomas M. McRae.
I. II. Latimer. Montgomery.
Davis Whklciibl.
* P. M. Byrd, Hall.
James Simmons, Pickons.
MilloJgoviUe, Ga., Jan. 22, 1801.
Mr. Garvin, of Richmond, reported
an Ordinance to prescribe the status ot
all persons in the State on the 21st of
January, 1861. Constitutes all free
of
ferred to Committee on the Constitu
tion and Laws of the State of Georgia,
and of the Constitution and Laws of
the late United States.
Mr. Bartow, of Chatham, presented
a communication from Hon. Solomon
Cohen, Postmaster of the city of Sa
vannah, to the President of the Con
dition, in relation to the postal affairs
_f the State. He suggested to the
Convention the propriety of adopting a
similar Ordinance as that adopted by
South Carolina in reference to the
mails.
On motion of Mr. Chastain, of Fan-
1, the communication was referred
to the Committee on Postal Affairs.
Mr. Stiles, of XX’are, offered a reso
lution that the Committee on the Con-
sti’ution of the State, be requested to
examine into the propriety of altering
the State Constitution, as to provide
for the appointment of a Committee of
-to constitute a “Council of Safe
ty” to act in conjunction with the Gov
ernor. The whole matter was then
referred to the Committee on the State
Constitution, with instructions to report
such Ordinance as they may think nec
essary.
Mr. T. R. R. Cobb, of Clarke, from
the Committee on that subject, report
ed an Ordinance to provide for the
i xecution of sentences heretofore passed
by the Courts of the late United States,
am^to provide for the execution of
certain writs and processes. The same
was read twice.
Mr. Hood, of Randolph, said that he
wished to read this Ordinance carefully,
lie moved to have 500 copies printed.
On the discuss.on of the motion to
print, the pomt was incidentally raised
by Judge X\ ? arner, of Merriwether, as
to the powers of the Convention. It
was of a very interesting nature, and
the people of Georgia ought to have
heard the opinions ofthe able jurists
on the question.
Mr. Cobb, of Clarke, hoped that the
motion to print would not pass. lie
had been instructed by the Committee
to report this Ordinance forthwith as .
they were informed, that parties con
fined in our Penitentiary from Courts
of theUuited States would attempt to
get released through our State Courts.
The motion to print was lost.
The Ordinance was then adopted.
Mr. Cobb, of Clark, from the Com
mittee on Constitution, &c., r^pwted
an Ordinance as follows:
AN ORDINANCE
To declare and continue in force in
this State sundry laws of the late
United States of America in refer- ,
ence to t lie African Slave Trade.
The people of Georgia, in Conven
tion assembled, do hereby decree and
ordain, that all the laws passed by the
Congress of the late United States of
America, and in force in this State
prior to the 19th day of January, 1861,
except the fifth section of the’ Act of
the 10th of May, 1800, be and the
saint are hereby declared to be in full
force in this St.te: Provided, the
same shall not be construed to extend
to the importation of negro slaves
from any one of the slaveholding
States of the late United States of
America, or from either of the indepen
dent Republics of South Carolina,
Alabama, Florida and Mississippi.
Section 2. Be it further ordained,
That the State of Georgia shall be sub
stituted for the United States in every
portion of the said laws where the sub
stitution is required by the present
condition of the said State.
Several gentlemen expressed them
selves in favor of the ordinance, but
wished to have a little time to examine
the laws of the United States on the
subject.
Mr. Styles, of Ware, said that he
was unwilling to re-enact a law ofthe
United States of 1S13, which made
the slave trade piracy. He wished to
amend the ordinance so as to change
that feature in it
Mr. Ghas’ain, of Fannin, said he
was opposed to the ordinance entire
ly. He thought every man. woman
and child in the Southern States
should own a slave. He believed the
best plan to do so, was to open the
African s ave trade. (Slight sensation
in the galleries.)
Judge Hansell, of Thomas, moved
that five hundred copies of the ordi
nance be printed for the use of the
Convention, and that the same bo con
sidered on to-morrow. Agreed to.
Mr. Toombs, from the Commi'tee
on Foreign Affairs, reported as suita
ble persons to act as Commissioners
to the States of Louisiana and Texas
-to the State of Texas, Gen. John
W. A. Sanford, of this city ; to Louis
iana, Col. W. J Vason, qf Richmond,
lhe names of these gentlemen were
unanimously confirmed by the Con
vention. They start to-morrow or
next day.
Mr Alexander, of Upson, offered
the following resolutions, which were
Ufirirs - t0 thC Comn,ittee °n Foreign
Resolved, As the sense of this Con-
vention.that the pcopleofGeorgia would
be willing that the Union, now broken
and dissolved, shoulu be reconstructed
Whenever the same can be done upon
a basis that would secure permanently
rights and equality-ofthe people o^
slaveholding States. r F 1 ine
R csolved, That we recommend to
any convention that may be held bv ji
the shveholding States, the consider- ' i
lion of the policy indicated ‘by the
foregoing resolution, and that said
Convention in the event that itconcurs
m the same, should consider and de
clare the terms and considerations up-
on such reconstruction may be had?*®
Resolved, That the President of t
Convention cause acop
oiutions to be ‘
ycntion that may be held b
holding States. j , ’